A statement which most likely explains why the early atomic models did not include the subatomic particles is that: D. subatomic particles could not be detected with the technology available.
The three subatomic particles.Generally, an atom comprises three (3) distinct subatomic particles and these include the following
Protons.Neutrons.Electrons.The experiment on atoms.Ernest Rutherford performed a set of experiments on atoms in 1910 which has helped several scientists and researchers to better understand the structure of atoms by using gold foil.
In his experiment on structure of atoms, Rutherford directed a beam of small, positively charged particles referred to as alpha () particles at a very thin sheet of gold foil.
However, the early atomic models did not include the subatomic particles is that they could not be detected with the technology available at the time.
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Complete Question:
Ancient atomic models described the atom as a solid sphere with no charge. In the 1800's and 1900's, scientist discovered subatomic particles with charges inside the atoms.
Which statement most likely explains why the early models did not include the subatomic particles?
answer choices
atoms changed over time to develop the subatomic particles
not all atoms contain subatomic particles
subatomic particles move and cannot be counted
subatomic particles could not be detected with the technology available.
Glycine’s molecular formula is c2h5no2. How many moles of each element would be needed to make 1. 0 mole of glycine?.
2.0 moles of carbon, 5.0 moles of hydrogen, 1.0 mole of nitrogen and 2.0 moles of oxygen would be needed to make 1.0 mole of glycine.
n(glycine) = 1.0 mole; amount of glycine
In one mole of glycine there are 2 moles of carbon atoms.
n(glycine) : n(C) = 1 : 2
n(C) = 2 × n(glycine)
n(C) = 2 × 1.0 mol
n(C) = 2.0 mol; amount of carbon
n(glycine) : n(H) = 1 : 5
n(H) = 5 × n(glycine)
n(H) = 5 mol; amount of hydrogen
n(glycine) : n(N) = 1 : 1
n(N) = 1.0 mol; amount of nitrogen
n(glycine) : n(O) = 1 : 2
n(O) = 2.0 mol; amount of oxygen
7.8×10⁻² moles of water were in the sample of the salt
m(NiCl₂·6H₂O) = 3.5 g; mass of a hydrous salt
m(NiCl₂) = 2.1 g; mass of an anhydrous salt
m(H₂O) = m(NiCl₂·6H₂O) - m(NiCl₂)
m(H₂O) = 3.5 g - 2.1 g
m(H₂O) = 1.4 g; mass of water
M(H₂O) = 18 g/mol; the molar mass of water
n(H₂O) = m(H₂O) ÷ M(H₂O)
n(H₂O) = 1.4 g ÷ 18 g/mol
n(H₂O) = 0.078 mol; amount of water in the sample
The mole is an SI unit which measures the number of particles in substance. One mole is equal to 6.022·10²³ atoms.
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Write a net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide and hydrocyanic acid are combined.
The net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide and hydrocyanic acid are combines is
OH−(aq)+HCN(aq)→CN−(aq)+H2O(l)
What is ionic equation?
A chemical equation known as an ionic equation expresses the electrolytes in aqueous solution as dissociated ions.
Deprotonation of the acid by the hydroxide ion from the base occurs when weak acids like hydrocyanic acid are mixed with strong bases like sodium hydroxide. The conjugate base of the acid and water is created as a result of this reaction.
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In the titration of 46.0 ml of 0.400 m hcooh with 0.150 m lioh, how many ml of lioh are required to reach the halfway point?
122.67 ml of LiOH are required to reach the halfway point.
The balanced equation for the reaction of lithium hydroxide with the acid:
LiOH + HCOOH → HCOOLi + H₂O
V(HCOOH) = 46.0 ml; volume of the acid
c(HCOOH) = 0.400 M; concentration of the acid
c(LiOH) = 0.150 M; concentration of lithium hydroxide
V(LiOH) = ?; volume of lithium hydroxide
At the halfway point: n(HCOOH) = n(LiOH)
c(HCOOH) × V(HCOOH) = c(LiOH) × V(LiOH)
0.400 M × 46.0 ml = 0.150 M × V(LiOH)
V(LiOH) = 0.400 M × 46.0 ml / 0.150 M
V(LiOH) = 122.67 ml; volume of lithium hydroxide
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How does a decrease in the temperature of a chemical reaction affect the reaction rate?
because the temperature is low so the chemical reactions affect the reaction rate
why there is presence of double or triple bond between carbon?
Answer:
Alkynes
Explanation:
Alkynes are hydrocarbons which contain carbon-carbon triple bonds. Their general formula is CnH2n-2 for molecules with one triple bond (and no rings). Alkynes undergo many of the same reactions as alkenes, but can react twice because of the presence of the two p-bonds in the triple bond.
Consider a gas cylinder containing 0.100 moles of an ideal gas in a volume of 3.300 L with a pressure of 1.00 atm. The cylinder is surrounded by a constant temperature bath at 400.0 K. With a constant external pressure of 5.00 atm, the cylinder is compressed to 0.660 L.
Calculate the q(gas) in J for this compression process.
The heat energy of the system is determined as -267.5 J.
What is the work done in compressing the gas?
Compression of a gas occurs in an isothermal process.
The work done by the gas is determined from the product of external pressure and change in volume of the gas.
The work done in compressing the gas is calculated as follows;
w = -PΔV
w = -P(V₂ - V₁)
w = P(V₁ - V₂)
w = 1 atm(3.3 L - 0.66 L)
w = 2.64 atm.L
1 atm.L = 101.325 J
2.64 atm.L = ?
= 267.5 J
Heat energy of the gasThe heat energy of the system is negative work done and it will be calculated as follows;
q = -w
q = -267.5 J
Thus, the heat energy of the system is determined as -267.5 J.
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What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 86.9 g of diethyl ether, c4h10o (74.12 g/mol), in 425 g of benzene, c6h6?
The molality of a solution prepared by dissolving diethyl ether is 2.76 m.
m(C₄H₁₀O) = 86.9 g; mass of diethyl ether
M(C₄H₁₀O) = 74.12 g/mol; molar mass of diethyl ether
n(C₄H₁₀O) = m(C₄H₁₀O) ÷ M(C₄H₁₀O)
n(C₄H₁₀O) = 86.9 g ÷ 74.12 g/mol
n(C₄H₁₀O) = 1.17 mol; amount of diethyl ether
m(C₆H₆) = 425 g = 0.425 kg; mass of benzene
b = n(C₄H₁₀O) ÷ m(C₆H₆)
b = 1.17 mol ÷ 0.425 kg
b = 2.76 mol/kg; the molality of a solution
Molality is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution in terms of amount of substance in a specified amount of mass of the solvent.
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Where can mermaids be found in Ghana and how can you be a mermaid if you want to?
31. How many electrons are in the outer energy level of a neutral, ground-
state sulfur atom?
A 4
B. 6
C. 16
D. 32
Answer:D:32
Explanation:
What would decrease the gravitational pull between the sun and Earth? (1 point)
if the sun was twice its size
Oif Earth was twice its size
O if Earth was closer to the sun
O if the sun was farther away from Earth
Answer:
if earth was closer to the sun think about it a magnet the closer the more powerful
follow me;)
The statement that would decrease the gravitational pull between the sun and Earth is as follows:
If the sun was farther away from Earth.Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
What is Gravitational pull?Gravitational pull may be defined as the methodology through which the force of attraction that bodies apply to one another with respect to their prospective masses.
According to the context of this question, the gravitational pull is strongest when two bodies reside close to one another. But, when they are farther, this force of attraction lowers.
If the sun was twice its size, its gravitational pull strengthen as compared to the earth, while if Earth was twice its size, it is found that the gravitational pull of the earth strengthens.
Therefore, if the sun was farther away from Earth is a statement that would decrease the gravitational pull between the sun and Earth. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
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When acetanilide is mixed with an inorganic compound such as sand, what happens to the melting point of the sample?
When acetanilide is combined with an inorganic compound like sand, the melting point of the sample remains constant. Because acetanilide has a melting point of 114.3° Celsius, the melting point after mixing the inorganic compound will be the same as before crystallization.
What is Acetanilide?
Acetanilide is a colorless, odorless solid chemical that resembles a leaf or flake. N-phenylacetamide, acetanil, and acetanilid are other names for it.
Acetanilide is used to stabilize cellulose ester varnishes and as a hydrogen peroxide decomposition inhibitor. It has also been used as an intermediator in the synthesis of rubber accelerators, dyes and dye intermediates, and camphor. Acetanilide is used to make 4-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl chloride, a key intermediate in the production of sulfa drugs.
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4. Accuracy is often expressed as an average of several measurements. Look at the target below. In
your opinion, are the 'hits' on the target accurate, precise, or neither?
\begin{gathered}6x - 2y = 6 \\ 6x = 6 + 2y \\ x = \frac{6 + 2y}{6} \end{gathered}
6x−2y=6
6x=6+2y
x=
6
6+2y
Explain why you do not have to add water to a sealed container?
Explanation:
Opening the container will be difficult due to the low pressure. But, if you manage to get it open, then air from outside will immediately rush in. The pressure will rise up to atmospheric pressure, and the boiling point of water will go back up to 100°C.
A substance has an extended structure composed of two different elements. The elements are a metal and a nonmetal. Which property would this substance most likely have?
Multiple choice question.
A) can be hammered into sheets
B) has a high melting point
C) does not dissolve in water
D) is a gas at room temperature
A substance has an extended structure composed of two different elements. The elements are a metal and a non-metal. The property would this substance most likely have is (B) has a high melting point.
When a metal and a non - metal combine it will form ionic compound. while when nonmetals combine with other nonmetal it will form covalent compound.
An ionic compounds have high melting point because an electrostatic force between particles is very high and difficult to break. so due to high electrostatic attraction between ions.
Thus, A substance has an extended structure composed of two different elements. The elements are a metal and a non-metal. The property would this substance most likely have is (B) has a high melting point.
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What qualities do you think are important for a scientist to have? Give an example of how one of these qualities is shown in your own approach to your schoolwork. Answer in two to three paragraphs. (10 points) Think about what a scientist does in order to obtain reliable information. Do you do any of these things?
The qualities that I think are important for a scientist to have is hard-working, cleverness and perseverance.
Some of the important qualities for a scientist to have is to be hard-working, clever, and be able to manage your time and projects well.When you’re a scientist, you are going to be in a lab or in the field a lot.There is a need to be clever to carefully write down things that are important and interesting. It is also important to be hard working as well because as a scientist, it is important to work hard and get sound results.I think one of the qualities that show in my schoolwork is hard work. I always do my assignments correctly and timely.I constantly work to get ahead and finish my work on time. Harder is the work, less work is left to do.Since I keep myself busy, I make myself less busy.To learn more about the qualities of a scientist visit:
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A vial contains radioactive idodine-131 with an activity of 2.0 mci/ml. if a thyroid test requires 3.9 mci is an atomic cocktail, how many milliliters are used to prepare the idodine-131 solution?
1.95 milliliters are used to prepare the idodine-131 solution.
an activity of iodine-131 = 2.0 mCi/ml
If the solution has an activity of 2.0 mCi/mL, one milliliter has the radioactivity of 2.0 mCi.
V = 3.9 mCi / (2.0 mCi/ml)
V = 1.95 ml; volume used to prepare the iodine-131 solution
The radioactivity (the unit curie (Ci)) is the number of radioactive decays per second.
In this example, the unit for the radioactivity is millicurie (mCi).
The curie (Ci) is named after scientist Marie Curie.
Iodine-131 is a radioactive isotope treat the thyroid gland. Radioactive iodine emits gamma waves and beta particles.
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What noble-gas configurations are the following elements likely to attain in reactions in which they form ions?
If the elements achieve the following ions then they are likely to attain the noble-gas configurations. The example of elements attaining ionic forms are given below:
[Ne], N3−
[Ar], Ca2+
[Ar], S2−
[Kr], Br−
Noble gas configuration refers to the symbol of the last Nobel gas and the configuration of the remaining electrons of the atom preceding that Nobel gas.
According to the Nobel gas configuration, if an atom has 8 electrons in the valence shell then it becomes the most stable atom.
All noble gases have eight electrons in their outermost shells making them the most stable and inert elements of the periodic table.
For example, the Neon symbol refers to the standard Nobel gas configuration thus making the noble gas configuration for sodium [Ne]3s1.
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If the strontium ion has a charge of 2 , and the oxygen ion has a charge of 2-, why is the formula sr2o2 incorrect for strontium oxide?
The formula Sr₂O₂ is incorrect for strontium oxide, because it is not the simplest formula for this compound.
The correct formula for strontium oxide is SrO.
There are equal numbers of positive and negative ions.
Ratio of the cations and anions is 1 : 1.
Strontium is Earth alkaline metals, group 2 in Periodic system of the elements.
Strontium electron configuration: ₃₈Sr 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶5s²; two valence electrons is 5s² orbital.
Oxygen will form anion O²⁻.
Electron configuration of oxygen atom: ₈O 1s² 2s² 2p⁴.
Oxygen gain two valence electron to form anion with stable electron configuration as noble gas neon (atomic number 10).
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Assertion (A) : The acid must always be added to water with constant stirring.Reason (R) : Mixing of an acid with water decreases the concentration of H+ ions per unit volume. *
The acid must always be added to water with constant stirring because the process is highly exothermic and it can be dangerous. Therefore, the assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect.
1.Acid is thoroughly diluted with water before being added.
2.It should be introduced very gradually while being stirred continuously.
3.Acid addition to water is a highly exothermic reaction, releasing a lot of heat in the process.
4.The heat produced by the stirring is absorbed by the water, making the situation safer.
5.The amount of ions in a given volume are more concentrated when an acid and water are combined. However, it has nothing to do with continuously swirling acid into water.
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In this system,_____
energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of_____
energy and a little bit of_____
energy. The_____
energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine which generates______
energy. The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of ______
energy and very little_____
energy.
In this system, chemical energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of mechanical energy and a bit of thermal energy.
The mechanical energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine, which generates wind energy.
The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of light energy and very little heat energy.
What is energy?"Energy can be changed from one form to another but is neither created nor destroyed."
The system should have been made up of numerous systems where energy transformations take place, and each of these must adhere to the aforementioned law. These energy conversion processes are not entirely effective since some energy is wasted along the route as heat.
Thus, the correct options are mechanical energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, wind energy, light energy, and heat energy.
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Answer: In this system,_Chemical____
energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of_Light____
energy and a little bit of__Thermal___
energy. The_Mechanical____
energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine which generates_Electrical_____
energy. The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of __Light____
energy and very little_Thermal____
energy.
Explanation:
A weak acid ha, has a p k a of 5.0. if 1.0 mol of this acid and 0.1 mol of naoh were dissolved in one liter of water, what would the final ph be?
A weak acid ha, has a p k a of 5.0. if 1.0 mol of this acid and 0.1 mol of naoh were dissolved in one liter of water, 4.05 is final ph .
What is ph ?The term pH, which originally stood for "potential of hydrogen" (or "power of hydrogen"), is used in chemistry to describe how acidic or basic an aqueous solution is. Greater pH values are seen in basic or alkaline solutions than acidic solutions.
Since hydrogen ions are logarithmic, the pH scale shows how many of them are present in a solution in inverse proportion.
M = mol dm3, where. Acidic solutions have a pH under 7, while basic solutions have a pH over 7, at a temperature of 25 °C (77 °F). At this temperature, solutions with a pH of 7 are neutral (i.e., have the same amount of H+ and OH- ions, like pure water), meaning they don't react with one another. Temperature has an impact on the pH's neutral value.
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Which element would have a fixed charge of 2 in an ionic compound?
a. al
b. k
c. ba
d. co
Element that would have a fixed charge of 2 in an ionic compound is c. Ba.
Barium (Ba) is a metal from the second group of the Periodic table of elements.
Barium looses two electrons and has a fixed charge of 2+ in an ionic compounds.
Electron configuration of the barium atom:
₅₆Ba 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 6s².
For example, in the salt barium chloride (BaCl₂) , barium has charge of 2+.
Aluminium (Al) has charge of 3+.
Potassium (K) has charge of 1+.
Cobalt (K) change charge, it depends of the compound.
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The mass of sodium is 23.0 and the mass of chlorine is 35.5. if the 300ml of solition contains 25 grams of nacl what is the molarity?
Molarity is defined as the total number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 litre of solution.
The formula of Molarity is =
Molarity = Number of Moles of solute / volume of solution (in L)
Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass
Given,
Mass of NaCl = 25 gm
Molar mass of NaCl= 23 + 35.5
= 58.5
So, Number of moles= 25/ 58.5
= 0.427
∴Molarity = 0.427/ 0.3 (in Litres)
= 1.42 mol/ L
Hence, molarity of the given solution is 1.42 mol/ L.
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Molarity of solution is 1.43 mol/L
The total number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution is known as molarity.
The volume of solution divided by the number of moles of solute is known as molarity (volume should be in L)
A measure of the concentration of a chemical species is called molar concentration (also known as molarity, quantity concentration, or substance concentration).
Mass divided by Molar mass = number of moles
Given,
NaCl weight is 25 gram.
NaCl has a molar mass of 23 + 35.5.
= 58.5
Therefore, number of moles = 25 / 58.5
= 0.43
Molarity = 0.43 / 0.3 (in Liter)
= 1.43 mol/ L
As a result, the supplied solution has a molarity of 1.43 mol/L.
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A pure titanium cube has an edge length of 2.71 inin . how many titanium atoms does it contain? titanium has a density of 4.50g/cm34.50g/cm3.
The number of Ti atoms will be 1.9×10^25 atoms of Ti
The contribution of atom per unit cell is 2( BCC)
Edge length of unit cell is given as 2.7 ×1 inch
we will convert it in cm so it becomes 6.93 cm
we have to calculate number of Ti atoms .we have to calculate number of Ti atoms .
Density of Ti is given as 4.50g/cm³
volume of unit cell= a³
(6.93)³= 340.68 cm³
Volume of unit cell will be 340.68cm³
we can calculate mass of unit cell
density=mass/volume
4.5= mass/ 340.68
mass= 1530
no of moles can be calculated as mass/molar mass
=32.02 moles
No of atom contained by 1 mole will be
32.02 × 6.022 × 10²³
=1.92 ×10^25
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There will be 1.92× 10²⁵ Ti atoms in the final product . It is a BCC type of unit cell and by using edge length and density of the cube, the number of titanium atoms in the unit cells can be calculated.
Two atoms contribute to each unit cell ( BCC)
The unit cell's edge length is specified as 2.7 1 inch.
We'll convert it to centimeters, making it 6.93 cm.
We must determine the quantity of Ti atoms
Ti has a density of 4.50g/cm3.
cell volume equals a³
(6.93)³= 340.68 cm³
The unit cell's volume will be 340.68 cm³
We can determine a unit cell's mass.
density=mass/volume
4.5= mass/ 340.68
mass= 1530
Mass/molar mass can be used to compute the number of moles.
=32.02 moles
The number of atoms in 1 mole will be
32.02 × 6.022 × 10²³
=1.92 ×10²⁵
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Determine the magnitudes of the components of f acting along and perpendicular to segment bc of the pipe assembly
The magnitude of the component perpendicular to segment BC is 68.0 lb.
Let's take the vectors for points B and C.
rB = [ 3, 4, 0] ft
rC = [ 7, 6, −4] ft
The unit vector going from B to C is then ˆuBC = rC − rB / |rC − rB| = [4, 2, −4] / √(4)^2 + (2)^2 + (−4)^2
Now the dot product of F with ˆuBC to find the component of the force along segment BC of the pipe.
F║ = F · ˆuBC = [30, −45, 50] · [4, 2, −4] / √(4)^2 + (2)^2 + (−4)^2 lb = − 85 / 3 lb
Thus, the magnitude of the component along segment BC is
|F║| = 85/3 lb ≈ 28.3 lb.
Subtract the parallel component of F from F we can get the perpendicular component of F.
F = F − F║ = [30, −45, 50] lb − F║ˆuBC
= [30, −45, 50] lb + 85/3 . [4, 2, −4] / √(4)^2 + (2)^2 + (−4)^2 lb
= [ 440/9, −320/9, 280/9] lb
|F| = √(440/9)^2 + (−320/9)^2 + (280/9)^2 lb ≈ 68.0 lb.
Thus, the magnitude of the component perpendicular to segment BC is 68.0 lb.
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What is the chemical basis of molecular hybridization?
a. base complementarity
b. acid-base equilibrium
c. dependence of migration rate on charge to mass ratio
d. higher energy of covalent bonds
The chemical basis of molecular hybridization is a. base complementarity.
What is hybridization?
In order to create a new set of equivalent orbitals known as hybridised orbitals, distinct orbitals must be mixed together. Bond formation uses these hybrid orbitals.
Hybridized orbitals are the name given to these novel orbitals. The hybridized orbitals are known as sp3 orbitals because they are made up of one s orbital and three p orbitals. These hybrid orbitals' energies fall between the s and p orbitals' energy levels.
Thus, the basis of molecular hybridization in a chemical compound is base complementarity.
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Including stereoisomers, write structural formulas for all of the compounds that are trichloro derivatives of (a) cyclobutane (b) cyclopentane which are chiral? which are achiral?
There will be 3 trichloro derivatives of cyclobutane , out of which two are Chiral and cyclopentane will consist of 7 trichloro derivatives out of which all are Chiral.
Those organic compounds which rotate the plane polarized light and having one C atom with 4 different atoms attached and having a symmetry element like plane of symmetry, line of symmetry and centre of symmetry are known as Chiral compounds while those who don't possess any symmetry element are called Achiral compounds . It doesnt rotate plane polarized light.
Trichloro derivative of cyclobutane and cyclopentane are shown in picture below in which molecules containing C atom having * symbol are chiral and rest are achiral.
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Cyclobutane will have three trichloro derivatives, two of which are chiral, and cyclopentane will have seven trichloro derivatives, all of which are achiral.
Organic compounds that have one C atom with four different atoms attached, rotate plane polarized light, and have a symmetry element like a plane of symmetry, line of symmetry, or center of symmetry are known as chiral compounds, whereas compounds without any symmetry element are known as achiral compounds. Light with a plane polarization is not rotated.
The image below shows the trichloro derivative of cyclobutane and cyclopentane, in which the molecules containing the C atom with the symbol * are chiral while the remaining molecules are achiral.
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The density of liquid mercury is 13.69 g/cm^3. how many atoms of mercury are in a 1.286e1 ml sample?
5.8 x 10^²³ atoms of mercury are in a 1.286e1 ml sample. Density is a measure of how tightly a material is packed.
Defined as mass per unit volume. Density symbol: D or ρ Density formula: ρ = m/V, where ρ is the density, m is the mass of the object, and V is the volume of the object.
Data given is:
density of liquid mercury = 13.6g/10 cm³
Volume =1.286x [tex]10^{1}[/tex]mL
Calculation:
we know, 1 mL = 110 cm³
Volume= 1.286x[tex]10^{1}[/tex] cm³
w = Dv
= 13.69g/cm ^ 3 x 1.286 x[tex]10^{110}[/tex] cm³
= 176.05g
Calculate moles of mercury. Molar mass of mercury = 200.5g / mol
No of moles = 176.05 g / 200.5g/mo|
=0.8776 mol of Mercury
we know,
I mol = 6.022x10^²³ atom
0.8776 mol= 6:022×10^²³ x0.8776 atom
=5.28x10^²³ atom
=5.8 x 10^²³ atom
=5.8 x 10^²³ atom of Mercury.
Hence, 5.8 x 10^²³ atoms are present in murcury.
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Dispersion forces are very weak electrostatic attractions that occur due to the random electronic motion within all substances, __________- those that are nonpolar.
Dispersion forces are very weak electrostatic attractions that occur due to the random electronic motion within all substances, including - those that are nonpolar.
Dispersion force is also called an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction.
The London dispersion force is the weakest intermolecular force.
The London dispersion force (intermolecular force) is a temporary attractive force between molecules.
Dispersion forces make nonpolar substances (for example oxygen, nitrogen) to condense to liquids and freeze into solids in low temperatures.
In nonpolar bonds the arrangement of electrons are in the middle between two atoms.
For example, nitrogen molecule (N₂) has strong nonpolar triple covalent bond (:N:::N:), that is why it is very stable and have low reactivity.
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What is the dielectric constant of a binary solvent containing 20thanol in water?
The dielectric constant of a binary solvent containing 20thanol in water is
24.55.
What is dielectric constant?A simplified capacitor model can be used to calculate the dielectric constant , which is defined as the ratio of a material's electric permeability to that of vacuum (or free space).
The ratio of a substance's permittivity to the permittivity of empty space (0) is known as the medium's dielectric constant (K). i.e K=ε/ε0. The dielectric constant becomes a dimensionless quantity because the permittivity of the medium and the permittivity of free space have the same units (F/m, or Farad/meter).
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