Designing and implementing controls require a thorough understanding of the specific risks faced by an organization and a balanced approach that considers both technical effectiveness and human factors.
Explanation :
1. Controls or countermeasures are designed and implemented as part of risk treatment to mitigate or reduce the impact and likelihood of identified risks. There are several ways to design and implement controls:
- Prevention: Controls are put in place to prevent risks from occurring. For example, implementing fire safety measures to prevent the occurrence of a fire.
- Detection: Controls are designed to detect risks when they occur. This includes systems such as intrusion detection systems or antivirus software.
- Correction: Controls are implemented to correct or mitigate risks after they have occurred. This could involve incident response procedures or backup and recovery systems.
2. Risks can vary in different organizational contexts due to factors such as industry, location, size, and business objectives. For example, a financial institution may face different risks related to fraud and cyber attacks compared to a manufacturing company. Organizational culture, risk appetite, and regulatory requirements also influence the level of risk faced.
3. Economy of mechanism and complete mediation are important factors to consider when comparing controls from a psychological acceptability perspective:
- Economy of mechanism refers to the simplicity and efficiency of a control. It is important to strike a balance between security and usability. Controls that are too complex may hinder user productivity and increase the likelihood of errors.
- Complete mediation means that a control fully addresses the intended risk and does not leave any gaps or vulnerabilities. This is crucial to ensure that risks are adequately managed and the control does not introduce new risks.
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is
a 360 degree performance evaluation effective and accurate? why or
why not?
A 360-degree performance evaluation can be effective by incorporating diverse perspectives, promoting self-awareness, but it requires careful implementation and addressing biases for accuracy.
A 360-degree performance evaluation can be effective and accurate if implemented properly and used in the right context. However, its effectiveness and accuracy depend on various factors. Here are some key considerations:
1. Multiple Perspectives: The primary advantage of a 360-degree evaluation is that it incorporates feedback from multiple sources, such as supervisors, peers, subordinates, and even customers or clients. This comprehensive feedback can provide a more well-rounded assessment of an individual's performance, considering different viewpoints and reducing biases that may arise from a single source.
2. Self-awareness and Development: A 360-degree evaluation can promote self-awareness by highlighting blind spots and areas for improvement that the individual may not have recognized. It can serve as a valuable tool for personal and professional development, allowing individuals to identify areas where they can enhance their skills and performance.
3. Contextual Considerations: The accuracy and effectiveness of a 360-degree evaluation depend on the context in which it is used. Factors such as the quality of raters, the trust and transparency within the organization, the clarity of evaluation criteria, and the alignment between organizational goals and individual performance can influence the reliability of the feedback received.
4. Rater Bias and Reliability: While a 360-degree evaluation aims to reduce biases, it is essential to address potential biases that raters may bring to the process. Raters might have their own prejudices, personal relationships, or limited exposure to the individual's work. Ensuring anonymity and confidentiality in the evaluation process, providing clear guidelines to raters, and using a diverse group of evaluators can help mitigate bias and improve reliability.
5. Implementation Challenges: Implementing a 360-degree evaluation system requires careful planning and effective communication. It can be time-consuming, resource-intensive, and may face resistance from individuals who are uncomfortable with receiving feedback from multiple sources. Adequate training and support should be provided to both raters and employees to ensure they understand the purpose and process of the evaluation.
Overall, a 360-degree performance evaluation can be effective and accurate when designed thoughtfully, implemented with care, and used as part of a comprehensive performance management system. It can provide valuable insights, foster self-awareness, and facilitate professional growth if organizations address potential challenges and ensure a fair and transparent evaluation process.
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Why do most large companies have outside directors on their boards?
Having outside directors on the board brings diversity, expertise, objectivity, and accountability, contributing to effective governance and strategic decision-making in large companies.
Most large companies have outside directors on their boards for several reasons:
1. Independence and Objectivity: Outside directors are not employed by the company and therefore can provide an independent and objective perspective. They are not influenced by internal politics or conflicts of interest, allowing them to make impartial decisions in the best interest of the company and its stakeholders.
2. Expertise and Experience: Outside directors bring diverse expertise and experience from various industries and sectors. They can provide valuable insights and knowledge that may not be present within the company's internal management team. This can enhance the board's decision-making capabilities and contribute to strategic planning and risk management.
3. Accountability and Governance: Having outside directors strengthens corporate governance and accountability. They serve as a check and balance on the management team, ensuring that the company's actions and decisions are aligned with shareholders' interests. They bring an external perspective on executive performance, executive compensation, and overall corporate governance practices.
4. Shareholder Representation: Outside directors can represent the interests of shareholders and act as their advocates. They bring a shareholder perspective to the boardroom and help ensure that decisions are made with the long-term value creation for shareholders in mind.
5. Risk Management: Outside directors can provide valuable insights and oversight in risk management. They can contribute to identifying and mitigating potential risks, such as financial, legal, or reputational risks, and bring a fresh perspective to risk assessment and mitigation strategies.
6. Networking and Relationships: Outside directors often have extensive networks and relationships within their industries and sectors. This can benefit the company in terms of business development, partnerships, and access to new opportunities. Their connections can help the company navigate complex business environments and stay abreast of industry trends.
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Sunland Mechanical Inc.'s first dividend of $2.90 per share is expected to be paid six years from today. From then on, dividends will grow by 10 percent per year for five years. After five years, the growth rate will slow to 5 percent per year in perpetuity. Assume that Sunland's required rate of return is 16 percent. What is the price of a share of Sunland Mechanical today?
The price of a share of Sunland Mechanical today can be calculated using the dividend discount model (DDM). DDM values a stock based on the present value of its expected future dividends.
To calculate the price of the share today, we need to calculate the present value of the expected future dividends. Let's break it down into two parts: the initial dividend and the growing dividends.
1. Initial dividend: The first dividend of $2.90 will be paid six years from today. To calculate the present value of this dividend, we need to discount it back to today's value using the required rate of return. The formula to calculate the present value is:
Present Value = Dividend / (1 + Required Rate of Return)^Time
Substituting the values, we have:
Present Value = $2.90 / (1 + 0.16)^6
2. Growing dividends: After the initial dividend, the dividends will grow at a rate of 10% per year for the next five years and 5% per year thereafter. To calculate the present value of the growing dividends, we can use the Gordon growth model:
Present Value = Dividend * (1 + Growth Rate) / (Required Rate of Return - Growth Rate)
For the five years of 10% growth, we have:
Present Value = $2.90 * (1 + 0.10) / (0.16 - 0.10) + $2.90 * (1 + 0.10)^2 / (0.16 - 0.10) + ... + $2.90 * (1 + 0.10)^5 / (0.16 - 0.10)
For the perpetual growth of 5%, we have:
Present Value = $2.90 * (1 + 0.05) / (0.16 - 0.05)
Summing up the present values of the initial and growing dividends will give us the price of the share of Sunland Mechanical today.
Please note that the calculation provided above is an example of how the price can be determined. The actual calculations may vary depending on the specific problem and formula used.
The price of a share of Sunland Mechanical today can be determined using the dividend discount model (DDM), which values a stock based on the present value of its expected future dividends. In this case, we have a first dividend of $2.90 per share that will be paid six years from today. To calculate the present value of this dividend, we need to discount it back to today's value using the required rate of return. Additionally, the dividends are expected to grow by 10 percent per year for the next five years, and then at a rate of 5 percent per year in perpetuity. To calculate the present value of the growing dividends, we can use the Gordon growth model. By summing up the present values of the initial dividend and the growing dividends, we can determine the price of a share of Sunland Mechanical today. It's important to note that the actual calculations may vary depending on the specific problem and formula used.
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Van Frank Telecommunications has a patent on a cellular transmission process. The company has amortized the $20.70 million cost of the patent on a straight-line basis since it was acquired at the beginning of 2017 . Due to rapid technological advances in the industry, management decided that the patent would benefit the company over a total of six years rather than the nine-year life being used to amortize its cost. The decision was made at the end of 2021 (before adjusting and closing entries). What is the appropriate adjusting entry for patent amortization in 2021 to reflect the revised estimate? (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field. Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answers in millions rounded to 2 decimal places (i.e., 5,500,000 should be entered as 5.50).)
The appropriate adjusting entry for patent amortization in 2021 to reflect the revised estimate is:
Debit Patent Amortization Expense: $1.15 million
Credit Accumulated Amortization: $1.15 million
To determine the appropriate adjusting entry for patent amortization in 2021 to reflect the revised estimate, we need to calculate the revised annual amortization expense and adjust the accumulated amortization account accordingly.
The original cost of the patent was $20.70 million and it was being amortized over 9 years, resulting in an annual amortization expense of:
Annual Amortization Expense = Cost of Patent / Amortization Period
Annual Amortization Expense = $20.70 million / 9
Annual Amortization Expense = $2.30 million
However, management has now decided that the patent will benefit the company over a total of 6 years instead of 9. Therefore, we need to adjust the amortization expense for the remaining years.
Revised Annual Amortization Expense = Cost of Patent / Revised Amortization Period
Revised Annual Amortization Expense = $20.70 million / 6
Revised Annual Amortization Expense ≈ $3.45 million
To make the adjusting entry, we need to calculate the difference between the revised amortization expense and the amortization expense recorded in 2021:
Adjusting Entry = Revised Annual Amortization Expense - Amortization Expense Recorded in 2021
Since the decision to revise the amortization period was made at the end of 2021, the amortization expense recorded in 2021 is the original annual amortization expense:
Adjusting Entry = $3.45 million - $2.30 million
Adjusting Entry ≈ $1.15 million
Therefore, the appropriate adjusting entry for patent amortization in 2021 to reflect the revised estimate is:
Debit Patent Amortization Expense: $1.15 million
Credit Accumulated Amortization: $1.15 million
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Which of the following journal entries would be recorded if a business renders service and receives cash of $900 from the customer?
A. Cash 900; Service Revenue 900
B. Service Revenue 900; Accounts Payable 900
C. Service Revenue 900; Cash 900
D. Service Revenue 900; Accounts Receivable 900
If a business renders service and receives cash of $900 from the customer, the journal entry that would be recorded is:C. Service Revenue 900; Cash 900Explanation:Journal Entry refers to the record that a business makes in its books of accounts, to reflect any business activity, which involves an exchange of goods or services. It is a way to keep a record of all the financial transactions of a business.Journal entry for the above scenario: Cash 900;
Service Revenue 900The given transaction represents a receipt of cash for services rendered. As the cash received in the transaction is $900, the entry is debited with $900 under Cash.
As the business has earned revenue by rendering the service, the entry is credited with $900 under Service Revenue. Therefore, the correct journal entry for the given transaction would be: Service Revenue 900; Cash 900.
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Consider a ten-year coupon bond that has a present value of $10,000. If the rate of discount is 5 percent, and the payment made at the end of each year is $500, what is the principal amount to be repaid at the end of ten years? Show your work.
The principal amount to be repaid at the end of ten years is $10,500. This is calculated by taking the present value of the ten $500 coupon payments, which is $4,762, and adding it to the face value of the bond, which is $10,000.
The present value of the ten $500 coupon payments can be calculated using the following formula:
Present Value = Cash Flow / (1 + Discount Rate)^Number of Periods
In this case, the cash flow is $500, the discount rate is 5%, and the number of periods is 10. So, the present value of the coupon payments is:
Present Value = $500 / (1 + 0.05)^10 = $4,762
The face value of the bond is $10,000. So, the total principal amount to be repaid at the end of ten years is $4,762 + $10,000 = $14,762.
Present Value of Coupon Payments = $500 / (1 + 0.05)^10 = $4,762
Principal Amount = $4,762 + $10,000 = $14,762
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a) The throughput time is minutes (enter your response as a whole number). b) The bottleneck time of this work cell is minutes per unit (enter your response as a whole number). c) is the bottleneck station. d) If the firm operates 8 hours per day, 6 days per week, the weekly capacity of this work cell is units (enter your response as a whole number). Ski Boards, Inc., wants to enter the market quickly with a new finish on its ski boards. It has three choices: (a) refurbish the old equipment at a cost of $800, (b) make major modifications at the cost of $1,100, or (c) purchase new equipment at a net cost of $1,800. If the firm chooses to refurbish the equipment, materials and labor will be $1.10 per board. If it chooses to make modifications, materials and labor will be $0.70 per board. If it buys new equipment, variable costs are estimated to be $0.40 per board. a) On the graph to the right, use the line drawing tool to draw the total cost curve for each option. Label the curves TC
a ,TC b , and TC c , respectively. Note: Carefully follow the instructions above and only draw the required object. workstation D is 15 minutes. a) The bottleneck of this process is , at minutes per unit (enter your response as a whole number).
the weekly capacity of this work cell is 192 units.
the throughput time is 15 minutes, the bottleneck time is 15 minutes per unit at workstation D, the bottleneck station is workstation D, and the weekly capacity of the work cell is 192 units.
a) The throughput time is the total time it takes for a unit to pass through a work cell. In this case, the throughput time is given as 15 minutes.
b) The bottleneck time is the time taken by the slowest workstation in the work cell. In this case, workstation D has a bottleneck time of 15 minutes per unit.
c) Workstation D is the bottleneck station, as it has the longest processing time and limits the overall throughput of the work cell.
d) To calculate the weekly capacity of the work cell, we need to consider the operating hours per day and the operating days per week. In this case, the firm operates 8 hours per day and 6 days per week.
The daily capacity of the work cell can be calculated by dividing the total operating hours (8) by the throughput time (15 minutes): 8 hours * 60 minutes / 15 minutes = 32 units per day.
The weekly capacity can be calculated by multiplying the daily capacity by the number of operating days per week: 32 units per day * 6 days per week = 192 units per week.
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Which of the following refers to additional costs beyond normal business due to an activity or policy?
A. Policy Cost
B. Ethical Cost
C. Public Relations Costs
D. Social Cost
Social Cost refers to additional costs beyond normal business due to an activity or policy. (Option D)
Social cost refers to the total cost incurred by society as a result of economic activity or policy. It includes both the private costs borne by businesses and individuals directly involved in the activity, as well as the external costs imposed on society as a whole. These external costs can arise from negative impacts on the environment, public health, or other social factors.
While the other options listed (Policy Cost, Ethical Cost, and Public Relations Costs) may be relevant considerations in certain contexts, they do not specifically encompass the broader concept of costs imposed on society as a whole. Social cost takes into account the wider implications of an activity or policy, recognizing that the full costs extend beyond the direct participants and affect the well-being of society at large.
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A building owner charges net rent of $30 in the first year, $31 in the second year, and $32 in the third year. Using a 12 percent discount rate, what is the effective rent over the three years?
(A) $30.92 (B) $20.94 (C) $31.00 (D) $31.73
The effective rent over the three years is $79.81. The correct answer is not provided in the answer choices.
The effective rent over the three years can be calculated using the formula for present value of an annuity. Each year's net rent needs to be discounted to its present value, and then the present values are added together.
To calculate the present value of each year's net rent, we use the formula: PV = [tex]C / (1 + r)^n[/tex], where PV is the present value, C is the net rent, r is the discount rate, and n is the number of years.
For the first year, the present value is [tex]$30 / (1 + 0.12)^1[/tex] = $26.79.
For the second year, the present value is [tex]$31 / (1 + 0.12)^2[/tex] = $26.26.
For the third year, the present value is [tex]$32 / (1 + 0.12)^3[/tex] = $26.76.
Adding these present values together, we get $26.79 + $26.26 + $26.76 = $79.81.
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You have an opportunity to purchase a Magic Box. The Magic Box produces a $50 bill every year on the anniversary date...forever. As an added bonus it also pays you $100 on the purchase date. Your discount rate is 6%. What is the most you would pay for the box? How much would you pay if the box stops working after the 75th payment? Provide a real-world example of a business that closely resembles a Magic Box.
The most you would pay for the Magic Box is $1,100. If the box stops working after the 75th payment, you would pay $725.
To determine the value you would pay for the Magic Box, we need to calculate the present value of its cash flows using the discount rate of 6%.
For the Magic Box with infinite cash flows:
The annual cash flow is $50 forever.
The purchase date cash flow is $100.
Using the formula for the present value of perpetuity and the present value of a single cash flow, we calculate:
Present Value = Cash Flow / (1 + Discount Rate)^(Number of Years)
For the Magic Box with infinite cash flows:
Present Value of $50 cash flows = $50 / 0.06 = $833.33
Present Value of $100 purchase cash flow = $100 / 1.06 = $94.34
Total present value = $833.33 + $94.34 = $927.67
For the Magic Box with a limited number of cash flows (75 payments):
Present Value of $50 cash flows = $50 x [1 - (1 + 0.06)^-75] / 0.06 = $4,008.29
Present Value of $100 purchase cash flow = $100 / 1.06 = $94.34
Total present value = $4,008.29 + $94.34 = $4,102.63
A real-world example of a business resembling a Magic Box is a renewable energy project, such as a solar farm or wind farm. Once the project is set up and operational, it generates a consistent stream of cash flows (electricity sales) over an extended period, often with government incentives or long-term contracts.
The initial investment serves as the purchase price, and the cash flows generated over the project's lifetime resemble the recurring payments from the Magic Box. The value of the project is determined by calculating the present value of its future cash flows, considering the discount rate and any potential limitations or uncertainties in the project's lifespan.
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Which form must be completed whenever there is a gain
realized from the sale or exchange of business property?
Select one:
a. IRS Form 4797
b. Schedule C
c. Schedule E
d. Form 1040-SR
The correct answer is a. IRS Form 4797.
IRS Form 4797, also known as "Sales of Business Property," must be completed whenever there is a gain realized from the sale or exchange of business property. This form is used to report the details of the transaction, including the sales price, cost basis, and any depreciation recapture. It is an important document for reporting the taxable gain or loss from the sale of business property and is filed with the individual's tax return.
Schedule C is used to report income or loss from a business or self-employment, but it is not specifically for reporting gains from the sale of business property. Schedule E is used to report rental income and expenses from real estate or royalty income, and it is not directly related to the sale of business property. Form 1040-SR is a simplified version of Form 1040 for seniors, and it does not specifically address the reporting of gains from the sale of business property.
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List the main sources the ICJ can draw on to settle,
in accordance with international law, legal disputes submitted to
it by States.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) can draw on several sources to settle legal disputes submitted to it by states in accordance with international law.
These sources include:
1. International Treaties: The ICJ can refer to treaties and conventions concluded between states, as well as international agreements and conventions, to interpret and apply relevant legal provisions.
2. Customary International Law: Customary international law consists of long-standing and widespread state practices accepted as legally binding. The ICJ may rely on customary international law to determine the rights and obligations of the parties involved in a dispute.
3. General Principles of Law: The ICJ may refer to general principles of law recognized by civilized nations, such as principles of equity, fairness, and justice , to guide its decision-making process.
4. Judicial Decisions and Legal Authorities: The ICJ can consider previous decisions rendered by itself, as well as decisions by other international courts and tribunals, as persuasive precedents. It may also refer to legal authorities, including writings of scholars and experts in international law.
5. Equity: The ICJ has the power to decide a case based on equity if the parties agree to it. Equity allows the court to consider the principles of fairness and justice in addition to strict legal rules.
It is important to note that the ICJ's jurisdiction is based on the consent of the states involved, and its decisions are binding only on the parties to the dispute.
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Question 4 (30 marks)
4a. Compare and contrast the role between a leader and a
manager in an organization.(20 marks)
4b. In what way your immediate supervisor can be
regarded as a leader or a manager
Leaders focus on inspiring and guiding others towards a vision, while managers focus on organizing and controlling resources to achieve specific objectives. Depending on their behaviors and actions, an immediate supervisor can be regarded as a leader if they inspire and develop their team, or as a manager if they focus on planning and ensuring operational efficiency.
4a. Role Comparison between Leader and Manager in an Organization:
Leader:
- Focuses on setting a vision, inspiring and motivating others, and providing guidance towards achieving goals.
- Emphasizes long-term strategy, innovation, and driving change.
- Develops and communicates a clear vision, sets direction, and influences others to follow.
- Encourages teamwork, collaboration, and employee development.
- Nurtures a positive work culture, fosters employee engagement, and builds relationships.
Manager:
- Focuses on planning, organizing, and controlling resources to achieve specific objectives.
- Emphasizes operational efficiency, implementing processes, and achieving predetermined targets.
- Focuses on day-to-day operations, overseeing tasks, and ensuring deadlines are met.
- Manages budgets, resources, and allocates tasks to employees.
- Monitors performance, provides feedback, and resolves conflicts.
Contrast between Leader and Manager:
- Focus: Leaders focus on inspiring and influencing others, while managers focus on overseeing tasks and achieving goals.
- Time Orientation: Leaders think long-term, focus on future goals, and drive change, whereas managers focus on immediate tasks and operational efficiency.
- Approach: Leaders adopt a visionary and transformative approach, while managers adopt a practical and task-oriented approach.
- Scope: Leaders have a broader scope, influencing and guiding the organization as a whole, while managers have a narrower scope, overseeing specific functions or teams.
4b. Evaluation of Immediate Supervisor as a Leader or Manager:
To evaluate whether an immediate supervisor can be regarded as a leader or manager, it is important to assess their behaviors and actions in the workplace:
Leader:
- If the immediate supervisor focuses on inspiring and motivating their team, encourages employee growth and development, fosters a positive work culture, and drives innovation and change, they can be regarded as a leader.
Manager:
- If the immediate supervisor emphasizes planning, organizing, and controlling tasks, monitors performance, allocates resources, and ensures operational efficiency, they can be regarded as a manager.
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You have had an incredibly positive experience shopping for a new computer at TorontoTECH and would like to give the company your feedback; however, you struggle to find a survey to compile, or a sales associate that knows what to do with the information you would like to provide. TorontoTECH can be categorized as a:
A.
Active listener
B.
Memorable experience
C.
Reluctant-compliant
D.
Metrics-conscious
TorontoTECH can be categorized as C. Reluctant-compliant.
As described in the scenario, TorontoTECH seems to be lacking a survey for customers to provide feedback and the sales associates are not knowledgeable about handling customer feedback. This indicates a reluctance or unwillingness to actively seek customer input and use it to improve their services. While they may comply with minimum requirements or regulations when it comes to customer feedback, they do not demonstrate a proactive approach or a strong willingness to engage with customers and gather valuable insights for enhancing the overall shopping experience. It is important for businesses to be receptive and open to feedback from customers, actively listening to their concerns and suggestions, in order to continuously improve their services and provide a better experience for their customers.
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how can team members personally enhance the recipe for service?
Team members can personally enhance the recipe for service by actively contributing to the improvement of service delivery, fostering a positive work culture, and continuously developing their skills and knowledge.
Team members play a vital role in enhancing the recipe for service by actively contributing their efforts and ideas. They can personally enhance the recipe for service by delivering exceptional customer experiences, going above and beyond their assigned responsibilities, and finding ways to improve service delivery processes. This includes actively listening to customers, addressing their needs and concerns, and providing personalized and attentive service.
Moreover, team members can contribute to enhancing the recipe for service by fostering a positive work culture within the team. This involves promoting collaboration, open communication, and mutual support among team members. By cultivating a positive and supportive work environment, team members can create a foundation for delivering excellent service and promoting teamwork.
Additionally, team members can personally enhance the recipe for service by investing in their own development. This can involve seeking opportunities for training, acquiring new skills, and staying updated with industry trends and best practices. By continuously improving their knowledge and skills, team members can better serve customers, adapt to changing needs, and contribute to the overall success of the organization's service delivery.
Overall, team members' active participation, dedication to customer satisfaction, promotion of a positive work culture, and commitment to personal growth are key ingredients in enhancing the recipe for service.
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(a) Completely SWOT Analysis a strategic planning tool used to evaluate certain elements. Compare the (4) four major elements that used in SWOT analysis. (8 marks)
SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the internal strengths, weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats of a business or project.
The four major elements of SWOT analysis are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths refer to the internal positive attributes of a business or project, such as unique qualities, resources, and capabilities. Weaknesses are internal factors that put a business at a disadvantage compared to its competitors, highlighting areas of improvement. Opportunities are external factors that have the potential to positively impact a business, while threats are external factors that may pose challenges or risks. By conducting a SWOT analysis, businesses gain insights into their current position, identify areas for improvement, capitalize on opportunities, and mitigate risks, leading to informed decision-making and effective strategies.
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the largest fixed expense associated with a new automobile is
The largest fixed expense associated with a new automobile is interest on an auto loan (option c).
When purchasing a new automobile using financing, such as an auto loan, the interest on the loan is typically the largest fixed expense. The interest is an additional cost on top of the principal amount borrowed and is spread out over the term of the loan.
The longer the loan term and the higher the interest rate, the more interest will be paid over time. It is important for car buyers to consider the interest costs associated with the auto loan as it can significantly impact the total cost of owning the vehicle.
The complete question is:
The largest fixed expense associated with a new automobile is: multiple choice A. depreciation. B. insurance. C. interest on an auto loan. D. license and registration.E. maintenance and repairs.
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which of the four Ps is most difficult for a manager to control due to the impatct it has on consumer evaluation of a product?
- promotion
- product
- place
----->> price <<-----
The most difficult of the four Ps for a manager to control due to its impact on consumer evaluation of a product is price. So, the correct answer is price.
Price is a crucial element of the marketing mix that directly affects consumer perception and evaluation of a product. It plays a significant role in shaping consumers' perceived value, affordability, and willingness to purchase. While managers have some control over pricing decisions, external factors such as market competition, consumer demand, and cost considerations can limit their control and make it challenging to set an optimal price.
Promotion, product, and place (distribution) are also important components of the marketing mix, but they can be more directly controlled by managers compared to price. Promotion involves various marketing activities such as advertising, sales promotions, and public relations. Product refers to the design, features, and quality of the offering, while place involves decisions related to distribution channels and availability of the product in the market.
However, price is often influenced by multiple factors, including production costs, competitive pricing strategies, market demand, and consumer perception of value. Managers must carefully consider these factors and find the right balance between profitability and market competitiveness when setting prices. Therefore, price is considered the most difficult of the four Ps to control due to its direct impact on consumer evaluation and the complex dynamics involved in pricing decisions.
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Presented below is information from Perez Computers Incorporated.
| July 1 | Sold $23,500 of computers to Robertson Company with terms 2/15, n/60. Perez uses the gross method to record cash discounts.
| 10 | Perez received payment from Robertson for the full amount owed from the July transactions.
| 17 | Sold $217,300 in computers and peripherals to The Clark Store with terms of 1/10, n/30.
| 30 | The Clark Store paid Perez for its purchase on July 17.
Prepare the necessary journal entries for Perez Computers.
Do not copy from Chegg and give complete answer with explanation
Perez Computers Incorporated would make the following journal entries: On July 1, a debit to Accounts Receivable for $23,500 and a credit to Sales for $23,500.
On July 1, when Perez Computers sold $23,500 of computers to Robertson Company, the journal entry would include a debit to Accounts Receivable (assets) for $23,500 and a credit to Sales (revenue) for $23,500, reflecting the increase in accounts receivable and sales. On July 10, when Perez received payment from Robertson for the full amount owed, the journal entry would include a debit to Cash (assets) for $23,500, reflecting the increase in cash, and a credit to Accounts Receivable (assets) for $23,500, reflecting the decrease in accounts receivable due to payment received.
On July 17, when Perez sold $217,300 in computers and peripherals to The Clark Store, the journal entry would include a debit to Accounts Receivable (assets) for $217,300 and a credit to Sales (revenue) for $217,300, reflecting the increase in accounts receivable and sales. On July 30, when The Clark Store paid Perez for its purchase, the journal entry would include a debit to Cash (assets) for $217,300, reflecting the increase in cash, a debit to Sales Discounts (contra-revenue) for $2,173 (1% of $217,300), reflecting the discount given for early payment, and a credit to Accounts Receivable (assets) for $219,473, reflecting the decrease in accounts receivable due to payment received after the discount.
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A manufacturer of computers sells 4,300 units per year. On average, the manufacturer has 1,700 computers in inventory.
Assume 365 days per year and round your answer to one decimal place.
How many days-of-supply does the manufacturer carry in inventory?
The manufacturer carries 923.2 days-of-supply in inventory. The days-of-supply is calculated by dividing the annual sales by the average inventory level.
In this case, the annual sales are 4,300 units and the average inventory level is 1,700 units. So, the days-of-supply is 4,300 / 1,700 = 2.53. Rounding to one decimal place, the days-of-supply is 923.2.
The formula for calculating days-of-supply is: Code snippet
days-of-supply = annual sales / average inventory level
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In this case, the annual sales are 4,300 units and the average inventory level is 1,700 units. So, the days-of-supply is: Code snippet
days-of-supply = 4,300 / 1,700 = 2.53
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Rounding to one decimal place, the days-of-supply is 923.2. This means that the manufacturer has enough inventory to meet their sales for 923.2 days.
Additional information:
Days-of-supply is a measure of how long a company's inventory will last at its current sales rate.
A higher days-of-supply means that the company has more inventory on hand, which can be a good thing if there are unexpected disruptions in the supply chain. However, a higher days-of-supply can also mean that the company is not managing its inventory efficiently.
A lower days-of-supply means that the company has less inventory on hand, which can be a good thing if the company is trying to reduce its costs. However, a lower days-of-supply can also mean that the company is more vulnerable to disruptions in the supply chain.
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An entrepreneur should think of ways to ______ the resources necessary for startup. a. outsource b. insure c. maximize d. minimize. d. minimize
An entrepreneur should think of ways to minimize the resources necessary for startup.
The answer is option d. minimize. When starting a business, it is crucial for an entrepreneur to carefully manage and allocate resources to maximize efficiency and reduce costs. By minimizing the resources necessary for startup, entrepreneurs can optimize their use and ensure the efficient allocation of limited resources.
This can involve various strategies, such as streamlining operations, eliminating unnecessary expenses, leveraging technology, and seeking cost-effective alternatives. Minimizing resources helps entrepreneurs maintain financial stability, improve profitability, and increase their chances of success.
However, it is important to note that minimizing resources does not mean compromising on quality or cutting corners that could negatively impact the business. It involves finding the right balance between resource utilization and achieving the desired outcomes.
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a. On November 15,20×1, Cool Venture Corporation. sold a segment of its business for RM2,750,000. The net book value of the segment at the time of its disposal was RM2,900,000. Cool Venture Corporation had pre-tax income from operations of RM2,570,000 for 20×1 which included RM275,000 recognized by the discontinued segment prior to its disposal. Assume Cool Venture's tax rate is 22%. Prepare a partial income statement for Cool Venture Corporation for 20×1, beginning with pre-tax income from continuing operations. (10 marks)
The Partial Income Statement for Cool Venture Corporation for 20×1 is Pre-tax income from continuing operations RM 2,295,000 ; Income tax expense (continuing operations) -RM 504,900 ; Gain (Loss) on disposal of segment -RM 150,000 ; Income tax benefit (discontinued segment) RM 33,000 ; Net Income RM 1,673,100.
To prepare a partial income statement for Cool Venture Corporation for 20×1, we need to calculate the pre-tax income from continuing operations and then incorporate the effects of the discontinued segment.
Given information:
Pre-tax income from operations (continuing operations) = RM2,570,000
Sale proceeds of discontinued segment = RM2,750,000
Net book value of discontinued segment = RM2,900,000
Tax rate = 22%
To calculate the pre-tax income from continuing operations, we subtract the income recognized by the discontinued segment from the total pre-tax income from operations:
Pre-tax income from continuing operations = Pre-tax income from operations - Income recognized by discontinued segment
= RM2,570,000 - RM275,000
= RM2,295,000
Next, we need to account for the disposal of the segment. The gain or loss on disposal is determined by comparing the sale proceeds with the net book value of the segment:
Gain (Loss) on Disposal = Sale Proceeds - Net Book Value
= RM2,750,000 - RM2,900,000
= -RM150,000 (Loss)
Now, we can calculate the income tax expense for both continuing operations and the discontinued segment:
Income Tax Expense = Pre-tax Income * Tax Rate
For continuing operations:
Income Tax Expense (Continuing Operations) = RM2,295,000 * 22%
= RM504,900
For the discontinued segment:
Income Tax Expense (Discontinued Segment) = -RM150,000 * 22% (as it is a loss)
= -RM33,000
Finally, we can prepare the partial income statement for Cool Venture Corporation for 20×1, starting with pre-tax income from continuing operations:
Partial Income Statement for Cool Venture Corporation for 20×1:
Pre-tax income from continuing operations RM2,295,000
Income tax expense (continuing operations) -RM504,900
Gain (Loss) on disposal of segment -RM150,000
Income tax benefit (discontinued segment) RM33,000
Net Income RM1,673,100
The income tax expense for the discontinued segment is treated as an income tax benefit since it is a loss.
This partial income statement reflects the pre-tax income from continuing operations, the gain or loss on the disposal of the segment, and the corresponding income tax effects. The net income is calculated after considering all these components.
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Kolbusz and Shannon share profits and losses as follows: no salaries; Kolbusz 40 percent of profits and losses and Shannon 60 percent. In year 1 , the partnership had a loss of $62000. Prepare the journal entry to distribute the loss to the partners.
To distribute the loss to the partners, we need to calculate each partner's share of the loss based on their profit and loss sharing ratios. In this case, Kolbusz's ratio is 40% and Shannon's ratio is 60%.
Step 1: Calculate Kolbusz's share of the loss:
Kolbusz's share = 40% of the loss
Kolbusz's share = 40% x $62,000 = $24,800
Step 2: Calculate Shannon's share of the loss:
Shannon's share = 60% of the loss
Shannon's share = 60% x $62,000 = $37,200
Step 3: Prepare the journal entry to distribute the loss:
Debit: Kolbusz's capital account - $24,800
Debit: Shannon's capital account - $37,200
Credit: Loss account - $62,000
This journal entry reduces the capital accounts of both partners by their respective shares of the loss, and it also reflects the overall loss in the Loss account. Remember that debiting capital accounts reduces their balances, and crediting the Loss account increases its balance.
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a) In new task buying, the buyer is buying the product for the first time. As the cost of the product or consumption value becomes higher, more number of executives is involved in the process. What stages are involved in this process? (15 marks)
b) You are hired as new marketer for Trudy’s boutique in wandegeya, your employer inquires how you can best predict the demand of your customers. Describe how you would explain the decision mechanism involved in the buying behavior for these customers to your employer. (10 marks)
a) In the new task buying process, there are several stages involved:
1. Need Recognition: This is when the buyer realizes they have a need or desire for a product.
2. Information Search: The buyer seeks information about different products that can satisfy their need. This can include online research, reading reviews, and asking for recommendations.
3. Evaluation of Alternatives: The buyer compares different options based on factors like price, quality, and features. They may create a shortlist of potential products.
4. Purchase Decision: The buyer selects a specific product to purchase. This decision can be influenced by factors like price, brand reputation, and personal preferences.
5. Post-purchase Evaluation: After buying the product, the buyer assesses whether it meets their expectations. This evaluation can influence future buying decisions.
As the cost of the product or consumption value increases, more executives may be involved in the decision-making process. This is because higher-priced products often require more careful consideration and approval from multiple stakeholders within an organization.
b) To predict the demand of customers for Trudy's boutique, I would explain the decision mechanism involved in buying behavior to my employer. The decision mechanism refers to the process that customers go through when making a purchase.
Firstly, customers recognize their need for a product. This can be influenced by factors like fashion trends, personal style preferences, or upcoming events. Then, they gather information about different products through sources such as online reviews, fashion magazines, or recommendations from friends.
Next, customers evaluate the alternatives based on factors like price, quality, style, and brand reputation. They may consider their budget and compare different options before making a decision.
After evaluating alternatives, customers make a purchase decision. This can be influenced by factors like discounts, promotions, or the overall shopping experience at Trudy's boutique.
Finally, customers evaluate their post-purchase satisfaction. If they are happy with their purchase, they are more likely to become repeat customers and recommend Trudy's boutique to others.
Understanding this decision mechanism can help Trudy's boutique better understand and meet the needs of their customers, leading to improved customer satisfaction and loyalty.
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sales quotas and piecework are best measured using ________ goals.
The best way to measure sales quotas and piecework is through goal-based measurement. This involves setting specific and measurable goals that align with the organization's objectives.
In business, sales quotas and piecework are two methods used to measure employee performance. Sales quotas are specific targets or goals set for sales representatives to achieve within a given period. Piecework, on the other hand, is a compensation system where employees are paid based on the number of units they produce or tasks they complete.
When it comes to measuring the success of sales quotas and piecework, the best approach is to use goal-based measurement. Goal-based measurement involves setting specific and measurable goals that align with the organization's objectives. These goals provide a clear benchmark for performance evaluation and allow businesses to track progress, identify areas for improvement, and reward employees based on their achievements.
By setting goals, businesses can ensure that sales representatives and employees in piecework roles have clear targets to work towards. This helps to motivate employees, drive productivity, and ultimately contribute to the overall success of the organization.
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Which of the following are not shown on the bank statement? A. the beginning and ending balances shown on the bank's records B. items debited and credited to the chequing account C. deposits received and cheques paid D. the beginning and ending balances shown on the depositor's general ledge
The items not shown on the bank statement are A. the beginning and ending balances shown on the bank's records and D. the beginning and ending balances shown on the depositor's general ledger.
The bank statement primarily reflects the transactions that directly involve the bank account. It includes information regarding the items debited and credited to the chequing account (option B) and deposits received and cheques paid (option C). These details provide an overview of the inflows and outflows within the bank account during a specific period. However, the beginning and ending balances shown on the bank's records (option A) represent the account balances maintained by the bank itself, and they are not typically displayed on the bank statement. Similarly, the beginning and ending balances shown on the depositor's general ledger(option D) pertain to the depositor's internal accounting records and are not directly reflected on the bank statement. These balances are used by the depositor to reconcile the bank statement with their own records.
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Great strategic marketing plans include:
The product (or service) your company sell: Clothes
The benefits (not features) of the product
The problems your product solves
The emotional triggers your product creates
The characteristics of your target audience
Where your company will find your target audience
How your company will position and market its product to your target audience
How much money and effort the marketing plan will cost
What the expected results will be from marketing
How your business will measure results
How your business will conduct and refresh its marketing research and marketing plan
Your role for this is:
You have been recently hired as the marketing manager of a fictitious start-up firm.
You choose the industry and the product (or service) your firm sells.
Your firm has significant capital backing for the next 18 months before it must sink or swim on its own.
You are to create a strategic marketing plan containing the above components.
As the marketing manager of a fictitious start-up firm in the clothing industry, I have developed a strategic marketing plan that focuses on the benefits, problem-solving capabilities, emotional triggers.
Our company specializes in selling clothes, and our strategic marketing plan aims to effectively promote our product to the target audience.
We understand that customers are not just interested in the features of the clothes we offer, but rather the benefits they provide.
Our clothing line focuses on high-quality materials, trendy designs, and comfortable fits, ensuring that customers feel confident, stylish, and comfortable when wearing our clothes.
One problem our product solves is the struggle of finding fashionable clothes that also prioritize comfort. By providing trendy designs without compromising on comfort, we address this common pain point among consumers.
Additionally, our clothes are made from sustainable and eco-friendly materials, allowing customers to support ethical fashion practices.
To create emotional triggers, our marketing efforts emphasize the feelings of confidence, self-expression, and satisfaction that come from wearing our clothes.
We highlight success stories and testimonials from customers who have experienced a boost in self-esteem and positive feedback when wearing our products.
Our target audience comprises fashion-conscious individuals aged 18-35, who value both style and sustainability.
We will find our target audience through a combination of online channels, such as social media platforms and fashion influencers, as well as physical locations, such as trendy boutiques and fashion events.
Our company will position and market our product by leveraging social media platforms and partnering with influencers to create engaging content and showcase our clothing line. We will also participate in fashion shows and collaborate with other brands to expand our reach and visibility.
In terms of budget and effort, we estimate that our marketing plan will require a significant investment to establish brand awareness and drive initial sales.
We will allocate funds for advertising, influencer partnerships, content creation, and events. Regular monitoring and analysis of key performance indicators will help us measure the results of our marketing efforts and make informed decisions.
To ensure ongoing success, we will conduct regular market research to stay updated on industry trends, consumer preferences, and competitors' strategies.
This will enable us to adapt our marketing plan accordingly and stay ahead in the dynamic fashion market. Regular plan refreshment and adjustment based on market insights and feedback will be integral to our long-term success.
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What short-term action can be taken to improve HR value, alignment, communication, control, and coordination within the division?
1 point
A. Hire a full staff
B. Establish regular communication
C. Install the HRIS system
D. Fully adopt corporate HR policy
2. What HR service is NOT currently integrated within the division?
1 point
A. Management training
B. HR investigations
C. Profit sharing/bonus (global)
D. Benefits system (US only)
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Question 1
What short-term action can be taken to improve HR value, alignment, communication, control, and coordination within the division?
1 point
Hire a full staff
Establish regular communication
Install the HRIS system
Fully adopt corporate HR policy
Question 2
What HR service is NOT currently integrated within the division?
1 point
Management training
HR investigations
Profit sharing/bonus (global)
Benefits system (US only)
Question 3
What actions would increase the likelihood of success in changes to the current HR approach? 1 point
Sponsorship from Keith
Increased communication
Clear expectations
All of the above
Question 4
What would be an effective transitional structure while a longer-term solution is developed?
1 point
Have all HR report directly to corporate
Report all division HR to Mund Tools HR
Matrix all division HR persons to Brad Jones
Report all division HR to regional HR heads
Question 5
Why isn't even simple HR integration free?
1 point
Many services actually are free.
Requires dedicated time and multiple individuals' effort
It is not tax deductible in all countries.
Corporate HR is a cost center and must charge-back effort.
Question 6
How would the integration of HR services impact the problem with "corporate overhead charges"?
1 point
Increase the allocation cost to the division
There would be no impact.
Create demonstrated value for the cost
Reduce the allocation cost to the division
Question 7
What is a symptom of ineffective design in the HR team in the division?
1 point
The division is not profitable.
HR reports to line and staff managers.
HR organization decision making is slow in recruiting.
Some of the HR staff are part-time.
Question 8
Why should Sorriso to be careful about wholesale integration of HR practices?
1 point
The business lifecycle stages are different in the division from the two established corporate business units.
It would make it more difficult to spin the units off or restructure.
To avoid creating conflict with the unit leaders and possibly the board
Because of the ongoing litigation in the division, it would be better to wait.
Question 9
What is the primary method for HR collaboration currently?
1 point
Reporting relationships with Brad Jones
Regional HR support
Division HR steering committee
Informal networks
Question 10
Which corporate strategic goal would be supported by greater integration of HR support?
1 point
Operational excellence
Financial performance
Engaged people
All of the above
Question 11
What is NOT an area where integration can support stronger corporate governance?
1 point
HR Policy implementation
Succession planning
Replacing legacy HR staff
Recruiting practices
Question 12
What are potential sources of resistance to the changes in HR support?
1 point
Anger
Both fear and anger
Neither fear or anger
Fear
Question 13
What is NOT a recommended method to support the implementation of the HR changes?
1 point
Inclusiveness
Coercion
Collaboration
Dialog
Question 14
What type of team would be created to engage interested HR team members in mutual support and ongoing sharing of best practices?
1 point
Project task force
Skunk works
Self-directed team
Community of practice
Question 15
What option would represent a radical change in HR service provision for the Digital Division?
1 point
Outsourcing recruiting to a third party
Realigning current groups to a new structure
Hiring experts for new roles
Training HR staff on state-of-the-art approaches
1. A short-term action that can be taken to improve HR value, alignment, communication, control, and coordination within the division is option B: Establish regular communication.
2. The HR service that is NOT currently integrated within the division is option C: Profit sharing/bonus (global).
3. The actions that would increase the likelihood of success in changes to the current HR approach include all of the above options: Sponsorship from Keith, Increased communication, and Clear expectations.
4. An effective transitional structure while a longer-term solution is developed would be to Matrix all division HR persons to Brad Jones.
5. The reason why even simple HR integration isn't free is that it requires dedicated time and multiple individuals' effort.
6. The integration of HR services would impact the problem with "corporate overhead charges" by creating demonstrated value for the cost.
7. A symptom of ineffective design in the HR team in the division is that HR reports to line and staff managers.
8. Sorriso should be careful about wholesale integration of HR practices because the business lifecycle stages in the division may differ from the two established corporate business units.
9. The primary method for HR collaboration currently is likely option C: Division HR steering committee.
10. Greater integration of HR support would support all of the corporate strategic goals mentioned: Operational excellence, Financial performance, and Engaged people. Integration helps streamline HR processes, improve efficiency, and enhance overall operational excellence within the organization.
11. The area where integration may NOT support stronger corporate governance is option C: Replacing legacy HR staff.
12. Potential sources of resistance to the changes in HR support include both fear and anger.
13. Coercion is NOT a recommended method to support the implementation of HR changes.
14. A community of practice would be created to engage interested HR team members in mutual support and ongoing sharing of best practices.
15. Realigning current groups to a new structure would represent a radical change in HR service provision for the Digital Division.
1. Regular communication is essential for fostering collaboration and alignment within the HR division. It allows HR staff to stay informed about ongoing initiatives, share information, exchange feedback, and coordinate their efforts effectively.
2. This indicates that the division does not have a unified approach to profit sharing or bonuses across its global operations. It implies that each region or country within the division might have its own distinct policies or practices regarding profit sharing and bonuses.
3. Sponsorship from Keith, a key stakeholder, can provide support, resources, and influence to drive the HR changes forward.
4. Matrixing the division HR personnel to Brad Jones means that they would have dual reporting lines.
5. Integrating HR services involves various activities such as aligning policies and procedures, harmonizing compensation and benefits, implementing technology solutions, training employees on new practices, and ensuring compliance with regulations.
6. Corporate overhead charges are costs incurred by the corporate HR function for providing services to divisions or business units.
7. In an effective HR team design, HR should have a direct reporting line to higher-level HR positions or executives. Reporting to line and staff managers indicates a lack of HR autonomy and influence within the organization.
8. Each business unit or division may have its own unique needs, goals, and challenges based on its specific industry, market, and growth stage.
9. A division HR steering committee typically consists of HR representatives from different departments or units within the division.
10. It enables effective talent management, aligns HR practices with business objectives, and contributes to improved financial performance.
11. Legacy HR staff refers to employees who have been with the organization for a long time and possess institutional knowledge and experience.
12. Change can evoke fear and resistance among employees, especially when it affects their roles, responsibilities, or job security.
13. Coercion involves using force, pressure, or intimidation to make employees comply with the changes.
14. A community of practice is a group of individuals who share a common profession or interest and come together to exchange knowledge, experiences, and insights.
15. Realigning current groups to a new structure involves restructuring the existing HR teams, roles, and responsibilities to better align with the specific needs and goals of the Digital Division.
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Stefani Company has gathered the following information about its product. Direct materials: Each unit of product contains 5.00 pounds of materials. The average waste and spoilage per unit produced under normal conditions is 1.00 pounds. Materials cost $1 per pound, but Stefani always takes the 5.00% cash discount all of its suppliers offer. Freight costs average $0.25 per pound. Direct labor. Each unit requires 1.70 hours of labor. Setup, cleanup, and downtime average 0.20 hours per unit. The average hourly pay rate of Stefani's employees is $10.60. Payroll taxes and fringe benefits are an additional $3.40 per hour. Manufacturing overhead. Overhead is applied at a rate of $7.90 per direct labor hour. Compute Stefani's total standard cost per unit. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.25.) Total standard cost per unit $
To compute Stefani Company's total standard cost per unit, we need to calculate the costs of direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead, Stefani Company's total standard cost per unit is $36.65.
lets find it-
1. Direct materials:
- Each unit requires 5.00 pounds of materials, but with an average waste and spoilage of 1.00 pound, the actual usage is 5.00 - 1.00 = 4.00 pounds per unit.
- The cost of materials is $1 per pound, but Stefani takes a 5.00% cash discount, so the effective cost per pound is $1 - ($1 * 5.00%) = $0.95.
- The total cost of direct materials per unit is 4.00 pounds * $0.95 per pound = $3.80.
2. Direct labor:
- Each unit requires 1.70 hours of labor, but with setup, cleanup, and downtime of 0.20 hours, the actual labor time per unit is 1.70 - 0.20 = 1.50 hours.
- The average hourly pay rate is $10.60, and additional payroll taxes and fringe benefits are $3.40 per hour.
- The total cost of direct labor per unit is 1.50 hours * ($10.60 + $3.40) = $21.00.
3. Manufacturing overhead:
- Overhead is applied at a rate of $7.90 per direct labor hour, and since each unit requires 1.50 hours of direct labor, the overhead cost per unit is 1.50 hours * $7.90 per hour = $11.85.
Total standard cost per unit:
Adding up the costs of direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead:
$3.80 (direct materials) + $21.00 (direct labor) + $11.85 (manufacturing overhead) = $36.65
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Please provide your comments on the saying that there is no
necessary surplus of wining over losing due to offshoring.
Offshoring can lead to both winners and losers. The winners are the companies that offshore jobs, as they can save money on labor costs. The losers are the workers who lose their jobs to offshoring, as they may have to find new jobs at lower wages.
Offshoring is the relocation of jobs to another country. This can be done for a variety of reasons, such as lower labor costs, access to new markets, or to avoid regulations.
Offshoring can lead to both winners and losers. The winners are the companies that offshore jobs, as they can save money on labor costs. This can lead to higher profits for the companies, which can benefit shareholders and employees.
The losers are the workers who lose their jobs to offshoring. These workers may have to find new jobs at lower wages, or they may be forced to retire early. This can have a significant negative impact on their families and communities.
There is no necessary surplus of winners over losers due to offshoring. In some cases, the benefits of offshoring may outweigh the costs. However, in other cases, the costs may outweigh the benefits. It is important to carefully consider the impact of offshoring before making a decision.
Offshoring is a complex issue with both potential benefits and costs. It is important to carefully consider the impact of offshoring before making a decision.
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