Answer:
Explanation:
To calculate the mass of an object that would reduce Earth's orbital velocity by even a hundredth of a percent, we need to use the conservation of momentum principle. According to this principle, the total momentum of a system remains constant if no external forces act on it.
In this scenario, we can consider the Earth and the object as a closed system. The initial momentum of the system is Earth's momentum, and the final momentum is Earth's momentum after the collision.
Let's assume the mass of the Earth is M_E and the initial velocity of Earth is V_E. After the collision with the object, the final velocity of Earth is V_E' . The mass of the object is M_O, and its velocity is V_O (twice Earth's velocity)
The conservation of momentum principle states that:
M_E * V_E = M_E * V_E' + M_O * V_O
To reduce Earth's orbital velocity by even a hundredth of a percent, we can assume that V_E' = V_E - (0.0001 * V_E)
Therefore,
M_E * V_E = M_E * (V_E - (0.0001 * V_E)) + M_O * (2 * V_E)
Rearranging this equation we can find the mass of the object M_O
M_O = M_E * (V_E / (2 * V_E - 0.0001 * V_E))
To get the exact mass of the object, we need to know the mass of the Earth and the velocity of Earth, which are not provided in the question. However, this calculation will give an approximate mass that the object would need to have in order to reduce Earth's orbital velocity by even a hundredth of a percent.
How many rubber bands are needed to cause an object with half the mass to accelerate six times as quickly?
The number of rubber bands that will cause an object with half the mass to accelerate six times as quickly is 6.
Newton's second law of motion is a quantitative depiction of the progressions that a power can create on the movement of a body. It expresses that the time pace of progress of the energy of a body is equivalent in both greatness and bearing to the power forced on it. The force of a body is equivalent to the result of its mass and its speed.
So,we have given some of parameters like,
number of rubber band = 2acceleration = aLet the mass of the object = mThe force applied to the object by the two rubber bands, according to newton second law of motion is
F = ma
2 = ma--------(eq1)
When the mass of the object is halved, the number of rubber bands required is calculated as;
2/ma=n/(m/2)×6a
=>2/ma=2n/6ma
=>n=(2/ma)×(6ma/2)
=>n=6
Hence,6 rubber bands will be needed.
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(Complete question) is:
Two rubber bands cause an object to accelerate with acceleration a. How many rubber bands are needed to cause an object with half the mass to accelerate six times as quickly?
What is torque measured in in physics?.
Newton-meters are used as the torque SI unit. Foot-pounds are frequently used in imperial units.
What exactly did Newton discover?Sir Isaac He is credited with much more than only revelation of the theory of physics; he also created a number of both the fundamental concepts regulating visible light, the laws of motion, and made important contributions to calculus.
how much 300 newtons of force?A 1 kilogram item can accelerate by 1 m per seconds square with a 1 Newton (N) force applied. A 1 kilogram object might be propelled by 300 N of force at a speed of 300 meters per second square or a 300 kg object at a speed of 1 meter per second squared. A 300 N force is considered to be a sizable force.
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A box is pushed by 20 N force to the right and displace for 0.1 m.
What is the work done?
Answer: 2 J
Explanation: Work is defined as the energy exerted by an object when a force acts on it. The formula to find the work is
W = F .d
where, F = force applied
d = displacement
In the given question,
F = 20 N
d = 0.1 m
Hence, Work done, W = F.d
= 20 x 0.1
= 2 Nm
= 2 J
Hypothetical question:
So your in a field, about the size of a football field. There's no fence or anything but you can't get out. There's 100 different people of ages, size, and gender. But, there's one BIG (and angry) gorilla. Who's winning that fight?
Since we're measuring in football fields, I assume the 100 different people are in America. Since, the people aren't stripped of their possessions before this match between a rabid gorilla with no enhancement. And "winning" is consider overcoming or neutralizing an obstacle.
The easy answer is the person with a conceal carry gun/weapon wins.
But that is too simple, lets break it down: the fight is with a 500lb rabid gorilla who is 12x stronger than an average man with canine teeth that can bite up to 1,300 pounds per square inch. The gorilla has bones 3x stronger than a human, thick fur covering its back, and will concentrate their fight on one person, unless distracted. An average person weights around 180lb and most will attempt to flee the rampaging gorilla. Since fighting barehanded is a death sentence, those people who attempt to engage the gorilla 1v1 will perish. The Gorilla will be too strong and tough for anyone deal real physical damage with their bare hands. The best strategy will be to blind the gorilla by poking it's eyes and choking the gorilla by stuffing its nose/throat with clothes/dirt/whatever, but that means getting close and possibly become a sacrifice. Since humans are smarter and will use tools to their advantage, enough people will form the idea described above and some of the 100 contestant will survive with bruises, broken bones, missing limbs, torn flesh, or all of the above.
But ultimately, the gorilla will be defeated.
Give this solution a 5 star to help future contestants.
Select all statements below that are true about sound waves.
A(Sound is caused when something vibrates.
B(Sound moves by longitudinal waves.
C(Sound is a type of mechanical energy.
D(A medium is not required for sound to travel, but sound can move through a vacuum (empty space).
E(Pitch and loudness are not characteristic of sound waves
The true statement about sound waves include; Sound is caused when something vibrates, and Sound moves by longitudinal waves.
option A and B are the correct answers.
What is a mechanical wave?
A mechanical wave is a type of wave that requires material medium for its propagation.
A mechanical wave can be of two types based on mode of propagation;
longitudinal wavetransverse waveA longitudinal wave travels parallel to the direction of the wave's vibration, while transverse wave travels perpendicular to the direction of the wave's vibration.
An example of longitudinal wave is sound wave. Pitch and loudness are basic characteristic of sound waves because they determine the quality of the sound.
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How many moles are present in 10. 0 grams?.
In this case, 0.25 moles are present in 10 gram.
The amount of moles in 10 g of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is known to be 0. NaOH equals 0.25 moles in a mole. Inferred from the query that In 10, 0 grams of sodium hydroxide.
How many moles are there? (NaOH ) : You must adhere to the grams to moles formula in order to accurately calculate the number of moles, n, of a substance with a given mass, m, (in grams): The molar mass of this substance is M, and n = m / M.
NaoH = 40 is typically used to calculate sodium hydroxide's molar mass.
moles = 10 /40 = 0.25
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Collisions , please help.
The energy of the ball is transformed into heat during the contact. As there is no more energy imparted to the ball, it returns with less kinetic energy and is unable to rise as high.
What happens to the kinetic energy of the ball after its collision?There are a variety of sizes, masses, and materials used to make balls for sports. Many of them bob. The bounce can be interpreted as a collision, whether it occurs when a basketball bounces off the ground, a tennis ball bounces off a racket, or pool balls collide. Let's look at physics to see whether it can explain what happens.The ball first picks up speed or kinetic energy—the energy of motion—when it bounces before falling. When it gets to Earth, it slams against a large object that is, from your vantage point, at rest, and the two of them collide. The ball comes to a stop, briefly deforms, and then rebounds. Because it is crushed and then expands once again, the air inside the ball behaves like a spring. The ball's energy is partially transformed into heat during the contact.This causes the ball to launch up with less energy than it did when it first hit Earth. The impact has little effect on our planet's motion because it is so large.To Learn more About kinetic energy refer To:
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A proposed new roller coaster at Magic Mountain has the dubious attraction of hurtling a car at a brick wall at the end of the ride, but stopping the car with springs hidden out of sight beneath the track. The car has a mass of 1,836 kg, and is hauled up to a total height of 88.6 meters. Assume no friction, as we want to over-engineer this. If the springs have a spring constant of 100,000 N/m, how much distance do they need to bring it to stop? The answer will have 3 sig figs.
The distance the springs need to bring the car to a stop can be calculated using the equation for the potential energy of an object at a height, which is:
PE = mgh
where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2), and h is the height.
In this case, the car has a mass of 1,836 kg and is at a height of 88.6 meters. So the potential energy of the car at the top of the roller coaster is:
PE = 1,836 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 * 88.6 m = 1.5*10^5 J
Next, we need to find the work done by the spring. Work can be calculated using the equation
W = 1/2 * kx^2
where k is the spring constant (100,000 N/m) and x is the compression distance of the spring.
Since the work done by the spring is equal to the potential energy of the car, we can set the two equations equal to each other and solve for x (the compression distance of the spring):
1/2 * kx^2 = 1.510^5 J
x = sqrt(2 * 1.510^5 J / 100,000 N/m)
x = sqrt(30000/100000)
x = 0.173 m
Therefore, the spring needs a distance of 0.173 m to bring the car to a stop.
the full-load current of a 25-horsepower, 480-volt, 3-phase, squirrel cage induction motor is ? .
The full-load current of a 25-horsepower, 480-volt, 3-phase, squirrel-cage induction motor is 12.7 A.
To calculate the full-load current of a 25 horsepower, 480-volt, 3-phase, squirrel-cage induction motor, you can use the formula:
Full-load current (I) = (Horsepower * 746) / (Voltage * 1.73 * Power factor)
where 1.73 is the square root of 3, which accounts for the 3-phase power and Power Factor is assumed to be 0.8
Plugging in the given values, we get:
I = (25 * 746) / (480 * 1.73 * 0.8)
I = 25746/(4801.73*0.8)
I = 25746/(4803.07)
I = 25*746/1478.4
I = 25*0.508
I = 12.7 A
Therefore, the full-load current of a 25-horsepower, 480-volt, 3-phase, squirrel-cage induction motor is 12.7 A.
It's worth noting that this is just an approximation and the current can vary depending on the motor design, the load and the power factor.
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PLEASE HELP I WILL GIVE 20 POINTS TO THE ANSWER!!!! A 1500 kg high performance racecar can exert an average force of 15,000 Newtons to accelerate from o to 100 mph (45 m/s).
How much time will it take to reach this speed?
It will take 5x105 seconds to get to this pace.
What is speed and what is its unit in physics?Speed refers to the rate at which a length varies over time. It has a time-distance dimension. The outcome is the High silica element of speed, which combines the fundamental time units and the fundamental measure of length. As a result, the SI unit for velocity is the metre per second, or m per s.
What does velocity vs. acceleration mean?Velocity is the term for the rate of movement. The measurement of a velocity shift called acceleration. Given that it includes both magnitude and direction, it is a vector quantity. Due to the fact that it determines how quickly velocity changes, acceleration is just a vector quantity.
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Is gravitational field strength 9. 8 or 10?.
The gravitational field strength of the Earth is 9.8 N/kg. Accordingly, an item will experience 9.8 N of force for every kg of mass. The weight of an object is smaller if the gravitational field is weaker.
Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) are used to measure the gravitational field strength (g). At or near the surface, the gravitational field strength of the Earth is 10 N/kg. This implies that an item will experience 10 N of force for every kilogram of mass.
Strengths of the gravitational fields on Earth and the Moon Gravity is the cause of weight. The Earth's gravitational field is 10 N/kg strong (10 newtons per kilogram). In other words, a force of 10 N would pull a 1 kilogram object in the direction of the Earth's center. Such pressures are perceived by us as weight.
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Please answer this fast.
Answer:If there are four pinholes, each gives an individual image which then overlaps to result in the final image. The final image will not be coherent and clear.Furthermore, a 1cm hole is too big to be used as a pinhole. One of the main criteria of the pinhole camera is that the hole should be very small to provide infinite field depth. Thus, a 1cm hole reduces the sharpness of the image.
Explanation:
A cout tep off a ditance of 120 tep. If each tep i 70 cm, what i the ditance in meter?
To calculate the distance in meters, we multiply the number of steps (120) by the length of each step (0.7 m). This gives us the total distance in meters (84 m).
What is the length ?The length of an answer would depend on the question being asked. If the question requires an answer that is 100 words, then the length of the answer should be 100 words. To ensure the answer is plagiarism-free, it is important to cite any sources that are used to provide information or facts within the answer. Additionally, any ideas, words, or phrases used from another source must be given proper attribution.
120 steps x 0.7 m/step = 84 m
Explanation: To calculate the distance in meters, we multiply the number of steps (120) by the length of each step (0.7 m). This gives us the total distance in meters (84 m).
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Who is the father of physics in Pakistan?.
The father of physics in Pakistan is Professor Dr. Abdus Salam, who was a Nobel Laureate in Physics in 1979 for his contributions to the field of Theoretical Physics. He was also the first Pakistani to receive a Nobel Prize in any field.
Born in 1926 in Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan, Dr. Salam earned his B.Sc. in Mathematics and Physics at Government College, Lahore, followed by a Ph.D. in Mathematics at Cambridge University in 1951. He then held numerous academic posts in the UK, including at Imperial College London, the University of Oxford, the University of London, and King's College London. In 1957, Dr. Salam returned to Pakistan and founded the Theoretical Physics Group at the University of Punjab.
In addition to his academic career, Dr. Salam was also a strong advocate for the development of science and technology in Pakistan. He was instrumental in establishing the Pakistani Academy of Science, the National Centre for Physics, and the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy.
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there are various stages in the formation of coal as heat and pressure are increased and moisture content is decreased. these stages, in order, are
The correct order of coal formation is a) Peat b) lignite c) bituminous coal and d) Anthracite.
All the stages of coal formation depend on the conditions in which the plant was buried.
Peat: This is the stage-1 process of coal formation, when the decomposition of the plant of takes place in the absence of oxygen. e.g.:- underwater. This leads to the presence of organic content in the coal.
Ligament: It is when buried plant is subjected to the increased vertical pressure from continuously accumulating sediments.
Bituminous coal: it is the third stage in which plant traces gets disappeared. It is mostly used as a source of heat energy.
Anthracite: it is the 4th stage, in which coal becomes "hard coal" due to the presence of high heat and high pressure. it burns with short flames and less smoke.
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What is law of inertia short answer?.
The law of inertia is about the tendency of any object to remains in state of motion until and unless an external force is applied to it.
The law of inertia states that any object remains in its state of motion, (either in rest or in motion) until and unless an external unbalanced force is applied to it. For example if a car is travelling at a constant speed then it will continue to remain in this state for ever. But practically it comes to at rest state after covering some distance. This is due to the opposite force of friction working between the tires of the car and the road surface.
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Mass is a better measure of the amount of matter than weight is because:
A) mass is dependent upon location. B) mass is easier to measure.
C) mass is independent of location.
D) mass is measured using the metric system.
Mass is a better measure of the amount of matter than weight is because: C) mass is independent of location. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
What are Mass and Weight?The mass of an object is a measure of how much object it contains. The kilogram (kg) is the fundamental SI ( International System of Units) unit of mass. On the other hand, weight is a unit of force equal to the gravitational pull on an object. The terms mass and weight are frequently confused. However, the main distinction between the two is their reliance on location.
The weight of an object is dependent on its location, whereas its mass is independent of its location. For example, the gravitational force on the moon is approximately one-sixth than the gravitational force on Earth. As a result, an object will weigh six times more on Earth than it will on the moon. On the other hand, mass does not change with location because it is determined solely by the amount of matter present in an object. Therefore, the mass of an object on the moon and on Earth is the same.
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What is the SI unit of mass Mcq?.
The SI unit of mass is kg.
The International System of Units is the worldwide standard for expressing magnitudes or quantities of important natural phenomena. This system of units, also called the metric system, is commonly abbreviated to SI. It derives from its original French name Système international d'unités.
Mass is a quantitative measure of inertia in physics, a fundamental property of all matter. In effect, it is the resistance that an object offers to changes in velocity or position when a force is applied. The greater the mass of an object, the smaller the change caused by an applied force.
Mass is one of the fundamental properties of matter. The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter in it. The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). The mass of an object is always constant. Weight is a measure of the weight acting on the body.
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What is the instantaneous velocity at t 1?.
Given that our line depicts the displacement of our object over time and that an object's instantaneous velocity (at t=1 is zero) is the derivative of that object's displacement at a particular point.
As we saw in the section above, we can also state that the instantaneous velocity at time t = 1 is roughly 2 meters per second. The limit of an object's average velocity as time passes toward zero is the object's instantaneous velocity.
By dividing the amount of time it took an object to go a certain distance by the overall distance, one can calculate the object's initial velocity. V, d, and t are the variables in the equation:
V = d/t, where V is the speed and t is time.
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An X-ray tube used for cancer therapy oper-
ates at 38 MV with a beam current of 90 mA
striking a metal target.
Calculate the power of this beam.
Answer in units of W.
An X-ray tube used for cancer therapy operates at 38 Mv with a beam current of 73 mA striking a metal target. Calculate the power of this beam.
What is metal made of?What Are Metals Made up of? Metals are made up of atomic materials such as electrons, neutrons, and protons. Atoms of different elements can be distinguished from one another by the number of protons they contain. Metals comprise about 25% of the earth's crust.
What is called non metal?Non-metals are natural materials that do not produce heat or electricity and that are structurally brittle (can not be easily rolling, moulding, extruding or pressing). Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, arsenic and selenium are the non-metallic elements in the periodic table.
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A metal target is struck by a cancer therapy X-ray tube operating at 38 Mv and 73 mA of beam current. Determine the beam's power.
How is metal created?What Elements Are Found in Metals? Metals are made up of atomic building blocks such as quarks, neutrons, and protons. An atom may be distinguished from a particle of a different element by the number of protons it contains. Metals make up around 25% of something like the upper mantle.
What do you mean by non-metal?Natural non-metal compounds are brittle and electrically and thermally reactive (can not be easily rolling, moulding, extruding or pressing). The yearly table includes non-metallic elements such as gas, methane, nitrogen, air, calcium, arsenic, and selenium.
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How do you solve momentum step by step?.
The quantity of motion that is quantified as the product of mass and velocity is known as momentum and is related to the mass of the moving body. P=mv is the expression for the momentum.
Is momentum the same as speed?Momentum is a measure of how much an object is moving, whereas velocity is a measure of how fast an object is moving in a certain direction. Velocity is one of the components of momentum, which is defined as the item's mass multiplied by the speed of the object.
A mathematical formula states that an object's momentum is equal to its mass times its velocity. Mass times velocity equals momentum.
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What is the kinetic energy of a 10 kg object moving at 5 ms?.
The kinetic energy for an 10 kg object at a 5 m/s speed is 125.
Since mass and kinetic energy have a linear relationship on a graph, if an object's mass increases, so too will its kinetic energy. The object's speed is v. The relationship mentioned above demonstrates how an object's kinetic energy is directly proportional to the sum of its mass and velocity.
It's possible that the relationship between kinetic energy and speed means that as an object moves faster, its kinetic energy also rises. Kinetic energy and speed are related in a nonlinear (square) proportional manner (KE ∝ v2), where: 1. As an object's speed doubles, its kinetic energy grows fourfold. 2. As the speed of the object is halved, the kinetic energy falls by a factor of four.
K.E = 1/2 *m *v^2
K.E = 0.5*(10)*(5^2)
K.E= 125
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all energy transformations in an ecosystem begin with
a. a scavenger
b. the sun
c. a decomposer
d. a herbivore
All energy transformations in an ecosystem starts with the sun.
In the ecosystem, every living being depends on some kind of energy to survive. There are different types of sources of energy in the world. Like: Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, fuel energy.
However sun is the only reason behind every transformation of energy. For example wind energy generates from the movement of the wind. But wind is generated due to the pressure difference of two different placed, and this pressure difference is due to the temperature difference of that places. Which ultimately depends on the sun.
In other example, fuel energy derived from the fossils. Fossils are the decomposition of dead plants and animals in the presence or absence of oxygen. But theses plants and animal needs solar energy for photosynthesis and for their survival. So we can say that the sun is the only reason behind every transformation of energy in the eco system.
Hence the option b is correct.
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What is the SI unit of pressure Mcq?.
consider three resistors with resistances 20 ω, 30 ω and 50 ω that are connected in series. what is the equivalent resistance of the three resistor series network?
The equivalent resistance of the three-resistor series network would be 100 ω.
The equivalent resistance of a three resistor series network composed of resistances 20 ω, 30 ω and 50 ω can be determined by adding the individual resistances together.
In this case, the equivalent resistance of the three resistor series network is 100 ω, as 20 ω + 30 ω + 50 ω = 100 ω.
When resistors are connected in series, the total resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual resistances.
This is because current passing through the circuit must pass through each resistor in series, thus reducing the overall resistance of the circuit.
As such, the equivalent resistance of the three resistor series network is 100 ω.
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A system of objects that are not moving with respect to one another
a. frame of reference
b. relationships
c. reference point
d. relative motion
A system of objects that are not moving with respect to one another frame of reference. A frame of reference is a set of objects that are not moving relative to each other. It is used to define the position and motion of objects in space.
This is a basic concept in physics and is used to provide a point of reference for measuring and comparing the motion of objects. For example, when measuring the motion of a car in terms of distance and time, the starting position of the car is considered the reference point, and the motion of the car is measured relative to that point.
The frame of reference is also used when measuring the motion of objects in a rotating system, such as the planets in the solar system. In this case, the center of the system is the reference point and the motion of the planets is measured relative to it. Understanding how frames of reference work are important for understanding the laws of motion and the principles of mechanics.
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What is angular momentum write its SI unit and dimension?.
It is the property of a rotating body determined by the product of the rotating object's moment of inertia and angular velocity. It is a vector quantity, which means that the direction is taken into account in addition to the magnitude. It is expressed in SI base units: Kg.m2.s-1
What is angular momentum?Angular momentum is the rotational equivalent of linear momentum in physics. It is an important physical quantity because it is a conserved quantity—in a closed system, the total angular momentum remains constant. Both the direction and magnitude of angular momentum are conserved. The property of any rotating object given by moment of inertia times angular velocity is defined as angular momentum. It is the property of a rotating body determined by the product of the rotating object's moment of inertia and angular velocity. An object's angular momentum is the product of its rotational inertia and angular velocity. The angular velocity of an object is the rate at which it turns.
Here,
It is a rotating body property that is determined by the product of the rotating object's moment of inertia and angular velocity. It is a vector quantity, which means that the direction, in addition to the magnitude, is considered. It is written in SI base units: Kg.m2.s-1
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What is meant by torque multiplication in the context of torque converter?.
The torque multiplication ratio of a basic torque converter would be around 2.5:1. The most important thing to keep in mind is that all torque converters which are in proper working order increase torque while initiating initial acceleration.
The moment the vehicle first begins to move, the torque multiplier reaches its maximum. The torque multiplication falls off as speed rises. Torque multiplication virtually disappears as the impeller as well as turbine speeds become close to one another.
Force times distance, or T2L2M, would be the dimension of torque. The official SI literature advises using the unit newton-meter (Nm) as well as don't ever the joule, despite the fact that these fundamental dimensions were identical to those used for energy and work. The appropriate abbreviation for the newton meter is Nm.
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red light has a wavelength of 6.80x102 nm. The energy of a photon of Red light is (in J) ? I keep getting 2.92e-19 but that's not the correct answer, it's 3.20e-19
A red light photon with a wavelength of 660 nm has energy equal to 3.01 x 10-¹⁹ J
The energy that a single photon carries is known as photon energy. Energy is inversely correlated with wavelength because it is directly proportional to the electromagnetic frequency of the photon. The energy of a photon increases with its frequency.
To determine the energy of photon, use the equation:
E = hc/ λ
Where,
E = the energy of photon
h = Planck's constant (6.626 x 10-³⁴ Js)
c = 2.998 × 10⁸ m/s
λ = wavelength (m)
Hence,
The energy of red light:
E = (6.626 x 10-³⁴ x 2.998 × 10⁸) / (660 x 10-⁹)
= 3.01 x 10-¹⁹ J
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A sonar signal of frequency 1 x 10^6 Hz has a wavelength of 1.5 mm in * 30 points
water. a) What is the speed of the signal in water? b) What is its period in
water? c) What is its period in air?
a) To find the speed of the signal in water, we can use the equation:
Speed = Wavelength x Frequency
Where Wavelength is given as 1.5 mm and Frequency is given as 1 x 10^6 Hz.
Speed = 1.5 x 10^-3 m x 10^6 Hz = 1.5 x 10^3 m/s
So the speed of the signal in water is 1.5 x 10^3 m/s
b) To find the period in water, we can use the equation:
Period = 1 / Frequency
Where Frequency is given as 1 x 10^6 Hz
Period = 1 / (1 x 10^6) s = 1 x 10^-6 s = 1 microsecond
So the period of the signal in water is 1 microsecond
c) The speed of sound in air is approximately 343 m/s. Since the frequency of the signal remains constant and the speed of sound in air is different than the speed of sound in water, the wavelength of the signal will also be different. However, since the period is inversely proportional to the frequency and is independent of the medium, the period of the signal in air will be the same as in water, which is 1 microsecond.
