The consequence of treating the vector, before ligation, with calf intestinal phosphatase will be B. It would prevent the ends of the plasmids from being ligated.
Calf intestinal phosphatase is a phosphatase enzyme that is derived from the intestine of the calf. The function of this enzyme is to remove the phosphatases present in the 3' and the 5' of a DNA segment by cleaving them.
Vectors, such as plasmids, are treated with the calf intestinal enzyme in order to prevent the plasmid from being ligated again. In order to add our gene of interest to the vector, the calf intestinal phosphatase is added so that the vector binds to the gene of interest rather than itself.
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the enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions are macromolecules made of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. these types of macromolecules are known as –
a. starches
b. proteins
c. fats
the enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions are macromolecules made of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. these types of macromolecules are known as protein.
The body is made up of protein, which may be found in almost every organ, tissue, and body part, including muscle, bone, skin, and hair. It contributes to the production of haemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood, and enzymes, which drive numerous chemical reactions. You are made up of at least 10,000 different proteins, which also keep you that way.
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where does most of the dried mass of a willow tree come from CER
Most of the dried mass of a willow tree come from CER - Carbon.
What is CER?A Certified Emissions Reduction, or CER, is a certificate given by the UN to its members for averting the emission of one tonne of carbon dioxide. These are often given to member states for initiatives that employ Clean Development Mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (CDM).
Claim-Evidence-Reasoning, or CER, is an argumentative writing technique that can help students improve their analytical thinking and writing abilities. It can transform a "I don't know" into "aha, so that's why we got those findings in the lab."
Carbon most of the dried mass of a willow tree come from CER.
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True/False. The cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in an enlarged area of the dorsal root called the gray commissure.
Reaction: False
The spinal (dorsal root) ganglion is where the cell bodies of sensory neurons are located. Their axons enter the gray matter of the cord through the dorsal root.
Where are the sensory neurons' cell bodies located? quizletDorsal root ganglia are where sense neurons' cell bodies are found. The ventral region of the spinal cord's gray matter is where motor neurons' cell bodies are located.
Where can one find the big cell bodies of neurons?If found in the central nervous system, a group of neurons is referred to as a nucleus; if found in the peripheral nervous system, it is referred to as a ganglion (PNS). The structures that stand in between the central and peripheral nerve systems are known as ganglia.
Question:True/False. The cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in an enlarged area of the dorsal root called the gray commissure.
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Which one of the following statements describes the relationship between genes, chromosomes, and DNA?
a) genes, the basic unit of heredity, are located on chromosomes, which consist of strands of DNA.
b) genes are composed of chromosomes and DNA.
c) chromosomes, the basic unit of heredity, direct the genes and the DNA.
d) DNA houses both genes and chromosomes in its rod-shaped structures.
a) genes, the basic unit of heredity, are located on chromosomes, which consist of strands of DNA.
What connection exists between DNA and chromosomal genes?Your chromosomes, genes, and DNA all contribute to who you are.In cells, chromosomes transport DNA.Your human anatomy is created and maintained by your DNA.
What connection exists between DNA, proteins, and genes?Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) segments called genes are responsible for carrying out specified protein functions in one or even more types of bodily cells.
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Impulse conduction is fastest in neurons that are(a) Myelinated.(b) Motor.(c) Unmyelinated.(d) Sensory.
Impulse conduction is fastest in neurons that a. Myelinated
The nervous system is the coordination system in charge of controlling all body activities after receiving impulses and manipulating them. Impulse is a stimulus in the form of an electric current that is forwarded to the spinal cord.
The mechanism of impulse transmission occurs by conduction which involves the pumping of Na+ and K+ ions through a semipermeable membrane.
The part of the nerve cell that transmits stimuli is the neuron where in the long part, namely the axon, there is a myelin sheath which functions to accelerate stimulation. When action potentials occur, myelin speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses by assisting in charge jumping. The speed of conduction of an impulse will increase in direct proportion to the increase in the diameter of the nerve.
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which condition is associated with cirrhosis? increased metabolism of alcohol accelerated liver function destruction of digestive enzymes replacement of liver cells with fibrous scar tissue
Usually, a result of liver damage from conditions such as hepatitis B or C, or chronic alcohol use condition is associated with cirrhosis.
Cirrhosis is a form of advanced liver scarring (fibrosis) brought on by a number of illnesses and disorders affecting the liver, such as chronic alcoholism and hepatitis. Usually, cirrhosis results in irreversible, permanent liver damage. However, if liver cirrhosis is discovered early and the cause is treated, more injury can be avoided and, in rare instances, reversed.
If your liver becomes damaged by a disease, too much alcohol, or any other factor, it tries to repair itself. During the procedure, scar tissue is produced. Cirrhosis gets worse when more scar tissue forms, making it challenging for the liver to function (decompensated cirrhosis). Cirrhosis has advanced stages and is lethal.
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There are 190 grey tree frogs in a swamp. If r= -0.093 frogs/ year, predict the population size next year. Round to the nearest whole number.
The population size will be 208 frogs.
What is population?A population is a group of people who live in a particular area.
The population is the total number of people residing in a given area. Estimating the population enables us to determine how many beings there are and how best to respond. For instance, we can determine how many resources a city will require if we know the specific population of that city.
N0 = Population of frog in this year = 190 frogs
t = 1 year
r = 0.093 frogs/ year
Nt = N0e^rt
Nt/190 = e^0.093
Taking ln on both side,
ln (Nt/190)= ln (e^0.093)
ln (Nt) – ln (190) = 0.093
Or, ln (Nt) = 0.093 + 5.247
Or, ln (Nt) = 5.34
Or, Nt = e^5.34
Or, Nt =208
So, in next year population will be of 208 frogs.
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drag the labels onto the diagram to identify structures and functions of the cardiovascular system.
The cardiovascular system, which includes your heart and blood arteries, is crucial because it transports oxygen, nutrition, and other beneficial substances to all of the cells in your body.
They also remove trash and carbon dioxide. The primary role of the cardiovascular system is to give nutrition and remove waste.
To obtain oxygen into the blood, the circulatory system (cardiovascular system) pumps blood from the heart to the lungs. The remainder of the body receives oxygenated blood from the heart via arteries. Oxygen-depleted blood is returned to the heart by veins to restart circulation.
The mechanism that circulates blood throughout the body and includes the heart and blood vessels.
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connecting the concepts energy
Chemical reactions take place in steps to produce and break down complex molecules as part of cellular activities.
While some of these chemical reactions take energy to complete, others happen spontaneously and release energy. Cells must continuously produce additional energy to replace the energy spent by the numerous energy-intensive chemical reactions that take place all the time, just as living beings must continuously consume food to replenish their energy stores. The term "cell metabolism" refers to all of the chemical processes that occur within of cells, including those that use or produce energy. This is a well-known illustration of one of the several cellular processes that consume and generate energy. Sugars are an important source of energy for living organisms since their molecules have a lot of.
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Use drag and drop to match each part of the nephron with the appropriate function. Part of the nephron Function blank Filtration blank Reabsorption of glucose blank Water reabsorption (counter-current multiplier) blank Water reabsorption (stimulated by ADH) Collecting ducts Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Glomerulus
The correct pairs are:
Filtration- Glomerulus
Reabsorption of glucose- Proximal convoluted tubule
Water reabsorption (counter-current multiplier)- Collecting ducts
Water reabsorption (stimulated by ADH)- Loop of Henle
The renal corpuscle is made up of the glomerulus and the bowman's capsule. They are the tube-like portion of the nephron found in the kidneys of mammals. They helped filter blood to create urine, which is then expelled from our systems because it no longer contains the substances we need. A narrow ring of connective tissue holds a glomerulus, a collection of capillary blood capillaries, together.
Renal afferent arterioles produce it.
Blood removal from the glomerulus is carried out by the efferent renal arterioles.
the blood vessel plexus that anastomoses to form the glomerulus.
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natural penicillin (penicillin g) is considered a narrow spectrum antimicrobial because a. it is destroyed by gastric enzymes and must be given by iv b. many people are allergic to penicillin c. it is used only in hospitals. d. it cannot pass through the porins found in the gram-negative outer membrane
There are several natural penicillins, however only two pure molecules are used in therapeutic settings: penicillin G. (intramuscular or intravenous use).
As a narrow spectrum antibiotic, why is penicillin referred to?An antibiotic that only has a limited range of bacterial species it can inhibit or kill is known as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
Do organic penicillins have a limited range of therapeutic effects?Since they have a limited range of activity, natural penicillins are not stable to penicillinase. They mostly work against Gram-positive bacteria like oral streptococci, penicillin-susceptible staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes. The antibacterial spectrum of benzylpenicillin, or penicillin G, is constrained. Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Pneumococci, the cause of diphtheria, and the anthrax bacillus are all susceptible to its effects. It doesn't work on gram-negative microorganisms.
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a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. what will happen to the plant cell?
A cell will gain volume if it is submerged in a hypotonic solution, as there will be a net flow of water into the cell. If there is a difference in solute concentration between the inside and outside of the cell and the solutes cannot cross the membrane, the solution is hypotonic to the cell.
Cell walls that are rigid enclose plant cells. Osmosis occurs when it is submerged in a hypotonic solution, which is a solution with a lower solute concentration than the cell. The cells begin to swell as water moves from the surrounding environment into them, but because of the rigid cell walls that keep the water from bursting, the cells remain intact and become turgid.
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the enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions are macromolecules made of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. these types of macromolecules are known as –
a. starches
b. proteins
c. fats
In order to facilitate the molecular rearrangements necessary for cell activity, enzymes operate as protein catalysts to speed up biological reactions. Recall that throughout chemical reactions, chemical groups are frequently attached to or severed from substrates in order to transform them into products.
In the continuation of life, nucleic acids play a crucial role as macromolecules. Both the genetic code and the instructions for a cell's operation are contained in them. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid are the two primary types of nucleic acids.
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after a particularly difficult anatomy and physiology exam, you decide to relax by baking some chocolate chip cookies. when the timer sounds, you eagerly reach to take them out of the oven. in your rush, you forget the potholder and grab the cookie sheet. your excitation and anticipation turn quickly to pain. you've suffered a second-degree burn to your fingertips. which sensory receptors would most likely have been damaged by the burn? which receptors were responsible for alerting your brain to the burn?
Thermoreceptor ensory receptors would most likely have been damaged by the burn.Pain receptors (officially called nociceptors) receptors were responsible for alerting your brain to the burn.
Nociceptors are nerve endings located all over your body. They’re found on your skin, muscles, internal organs, and more. Their job is to detect any damage done to your body and to report it to your brain by sending a message.Signals from skin thermoreceptors are relayed via separate but parallel neural pathways from cold and warm sensors whose sensory nerve endings in the skin have cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia that project to neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
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Ryan has a condition called achalasia, where the muscles in his esophagus refuse to relax and allow food to enter his stomach. Ryan has seen specialists for this issue but his last treatment involving a laparoscopic myotomy did not fix it. In fact, Ryan has seen a substantial increase in the amount of acid reflux he has since the procedure. He hears about an experimental new treatment called POEM that is being tried in a hospital across the country. Ryan sends a letter to the surgeons on staff, asking that he be considered for this treatment. In this situation, what healthcare role is the hospital experimenting with POEM filling?
ANSWERS
1. primary care
2 secondary care
3 tertiary care
4 quaternary care
Most patients receive complete relief from swallowing difficulties and may return to regular activity in about a week.
What is a poem medical procedure?Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an endoscopic therapy for achalasia. It uses upper endoscopy rather than conventional surgery, which involves an incision in the skin. In patients with achalasia, the lower esophageal sphincter is too tight.Our initial experience with POEM suggests that patients experience mild–moderate pain that is usually managed with modest doses of opioids.A total of 372 (99.7%) patients successfully underwent POEM. The only one failed procedure was due to serious inflammation and adhesion of the esophagus [15]. The average operational time was 66.7 min, and the mean length of the submucosal tunnel was 11.72 cm.Peroral endoscopic myotomy is a procedure to treat swallowing disorders caused by muscle problems such as spasms in the esophagus. POEM uses an endoscope — a narrow flexible tube with a camera — that is inserted through the mouth (peroral) to cut muscles in the esophagus (a myotomy).To learn more about Peroral endoscopic myotomy refer to:
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the pathophysiologic process responsible for the hemolytic-uremic syndrome is that: a. an autoimmune disorder in which immunoglobulin a (iga) coats erythrocytes that are destroyed by the spleen and remnants are excreted through the kidneys. b. failure of the nephron to filter urea increases the blood urea nitrogen, which binds to erythrocytes that are subsequently destroyed by the spleen. c. endotoxins from e. coli block the erythropoietin produced by the kidneys, which reduces the number of erythrocytes produced by the bone marrow. d. verotoxin from e. coli is absorbed from the intestines and damages erythrocytes and endothelial cells.
The pathophysiological process responsible for the hemolytic-uremic syndrome is d. verotoxin from e. coli is absorbed from the intestines and damages erythrocytes and endothelial cells.
What is a hemolytic-uremic syndrome?The hemolytic uremic syndrome is an immune system disorder that causes kidney failure, thrombocytopenia (low levels of platelets), and anemia (low levels of red blood cells). Disorders of the immune system most often occur after an infection in the digestive tract.
The hemolytic uremic syndrome is the most common cause of acute kidney failure in children.
The toxins contained in the germs that cause digestive infections trigger an overreaction of the immune system. This results in excessive destruction of red blood cells and platelets. In addition, excessive immune reactions also cause injury to the kidneys.
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When preparing a disinfectant solution, you should:
When preparing a disinfectant solution, you should: add the disinfectant to the water.
What is a disinfectant?A chemical solution that has the potential to eradicate pathogenic microorganisms is often referred to as a disinfectant solution. These solutions can kill microorganisms but they cannot eliminate viruses or bacterial spores. The most common disinfectant solution used widely in our everyday life is hand sanitizer. It is an alcohol-based disinfectant used widely in hospitals as well as households.
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choose all characteristics of the transforming substance isolated by avery, macleod and mccarty.
The characteristics are : Protein and DNA digestion enzymes both destroyed the substance's ability to transform, even though RNA and protein digestion enzymes had no effect on it. The substance's elemental composition was very similar to DNA's.
A polymer made of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to form a double helix is called deoxyribonucleic acid. All known organisms and many viruses have genetic information in the polymer that is necessary for their development, operation, growth, and reproduction. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid.
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Which best expresses the relationship between genes and DNA? Genes contain DNA
DNA destroys genes
Both contain chromosomes
The are unrelated
Answer: The best choice is "Both contain chromosomes"
Explanation: A gene is a short segment of DNA that works in conjunction with chromosomes to make up someone's genetic code. Hope this helps!
Which of the following might contribute to the rapid evolution of a small population? A. genetic drift B. natural selection C. physical isolation D. all of the above
Genetic drift is the term for random changes in allele frequency in a small population. Alleles can disappear from the population as a result of genetic drift.
These alleles will eventually go extinct, or the population as a whole might do the same. Rapid evolution may potentially result from this.
Genetic drift is the arbitrary change in the population's frequency of a gene variant that already exists. Gene variations may totally vanish due to genetic drift, which would limit genetic diversity. Additionally, it might make previously uncommon alleles much more common and even fixed.
Genetic drift is the term used to describe the haphazard changes in gene variant frequencies within a population. Genetic drift occurs when the frequency of different alleles, or variable forms of a gene, fluctuates over time through chance. Changes in allele frequencies are used to measure these variations in allele presence.
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A 30-year-old woman comes to the office for evaluation of an asymmetric smile. Two months ago, she underwent primary neurorrhaphy of a facial nerve laceration 2 cm lateral to the oral commissure. Physical examination shows no elevation of the upper lip with smiling on the side of the injury. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
A) Cross-facial nerve grafting
B) Facial sling suspension
C) Free muscle transfer
D) Injection of botulinum toxin type A
E) Observation
After undergoing primary neurorrhaphy of a facial nerve laceration, free muscle transfer should be done to correct the asymmetric smile.
Crooked or uneven smile is caused due to many reasons like dental problems, stroke, nerve damage etc. In the given case, the woman’s facial nerve got damaged, which was corrected by primary neurorrhaphy surgery. A neurorrhaphy is suturing of severed nerves. Even after surgery, she is unable to smile properly, so the next step is to do a free muscle transfer. For doing a free muscle transfer a small piece of muscle from the inner thigh, the gracilis muscle is taken and transplant it to the face to replace the muscles which make patients smile.
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p is the principal (ending amount) true or false
Answer:true
Explanation:
Can someone explain this diagram to me?
Selective Reabsorption in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Selective Reabsorption in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule which is denoted in the diagram talks about how certain substances that are required by the body but have been filtered out of the blood during ultrafiltration, are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
What is Kidney?This is referred to as a pair of organs in the abdomen which removes waste and extra water from the blood.
Certain substances such as glucose, amino acids, vitamins etc which are very important and needed for the body activities are filtered out of the blood during ultrafiltration, but are reabsorbed from the proximal convoluted tubule by an active process that involves co-transporter proteins known as bulk transport after toxins and wastes have been removed.
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What level of ecology is concerned with groups of individuals of different species?
A) community
B) organism
C) ecosystem
D) population
community level of ecology is concerned with groups of individuals of different species.
What is ecology?
Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels.
A biological community consists of all the populations of different species that live in a given area. Community ecologists focus on interactions between populations and how these interactions shape the community. Community ecologists study interspecific interactions, like predator-prey and competition. There are also symbiotic interactions like mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.
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against which of the following diseases could herd immunity help to protect a human population? select one: a. measles b. chickenpox c. lyme disease d. blastomycosis e. both a and b
The diseases could develop herd immunity help to protect a human population is a) measles
What is herd immunity?
Cause there are fewer people who can contract an infectious disease when a large proportion of the population is immunized, infectious diseases are more difficult to spread. This provides protection to those who are most at risk, such as young children, the elderly, and those who are too ill to receive vaccinations. It is known as herd immunity, community immunity, or herd protection.
The measles cannot spread rapidly among people who have not had the vaccine, and it will quickly go away again if the person who has it is surrounded by those who have.
Therefore the diseases could develop herd immunity help to protect a human population is measles
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Which of the following is NOT considered a factor in influencing a reaction rate? temperature o particle size concentration of reactants Орн
рH is the factor that does not influence a reaction rate.
What is rate of reaction?Reaction rate or rate of reaction is the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs and is defined as proportional to the increase in concentration of products per unit time and the decrease in concentration of reactants per unit time. Reaction rates can change dramatically.
Reaction rate or velocity can be defined as the change in concentration of one of the reactants or products per unit time.
Rate of reaction = Δconcentration/Δtime
According to the common definition, reaction rate is the speed at which a reaction occurs. For example, burning wood has a fast reaction speed, so the reaction speed is fast, and rusting iron has a slow reaction speed, so the reaction speed is slow.
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the __________ of the organic molecule controls the chemistry of life.
Correct answer is a) size
The size of the organic molecule controls the chemistry of life.
What is molecule?
A molecule is the smallest unit of any material that is composed of one or more elements and is capable of existing independently while maintaining all of the substance’s physical and chemical properties.
What are 3 types of molecules?
There are three different kinds of molecules:
a) atom-sized molecules,
b) element-sized molecules, and
c) compound-sized molecules
Is a molecule a compound?
No. A collection of two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds is referred to as a molecule. A compound is a substance made up of two or more different types of elements that are chemically combined in a predetermined ratio. Not every molecule is a compound.
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I understand that the question you are looking for is:
The ____ of the organic molecule controls the chemistry of life.
a) Size
b) Electrical charge
c) Geometry
d) Length
e) None of the above
sequences that are conserved, that is, similar in many different organisms, are unlikely to be functionally important. (True or false)
The assertion made is false. Sequences that are conserved, or those that are identical across a variety of animals, are not likely to be essential for function. The DNA sequences of no two persons are ever exactly the same.
Can the DNA sequences of two persons be identical?Humans have 99.9% genetic similarity. That means that the only portion of your DNA that differs from a total stranger is 0.1%! People who are closely connected to each other, however, share more DNA than 99.9% of the population. As an illustration, identical twins have identical DNA.
What transpires if a child born to two persons who share DNA?Therefore, it has been established that a child would not be a clone if the egg and sperm came from the same parent. However, it is unfortunate that the infant would probably be ill. In our DNA, each of us has five to ten hidden illness genes. If both parents pass on the same disease gene to their offspring, then these genes only create an issue.
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Part A - Carbon bonding Which molecules show an appropriate number of bonds around each carbon atom? Select the three that apply: H_ 8 C-H H-C-C-C-0-H X8Lo_h Submit Hints My_ Answers Give Up Review Part
Due to the fact that carbon possesses four such sharable electrons on its own, it frequently forms four bonds with other atoms. \
Carbon is the fourth most prevalent element in the universe by mass, following hydrogen, helium, and oxygen, and the fifteenth most plentiful element in the crust of the Earth. Because of its abundance, distinctive variety of organic compounds, and exceptional capacity to form polymers at Earth's typical temperatures, carbon serves as the building block for all known life. In terms of mass, it is second only to oxygen in terms of abundance in the human body (approximately 18.5%).
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what did the discovery of neanderthal dna in modern human genomes tell us about gene flow as homo sapiens emerged from africa? group of answer choices all of the human variation that exists today was derived from the variation that existed in the population of homo sapiens that first emerged in africa; there is no evidence of interbreeding with other hominin populations. very little human variation is derived from what was present in the population of homo sapiens that first emerged in africa; a significant amount of variation was introduced after interbreeding with neanderthals and denisovans. human variation is largely derived from what was present in the population of homo sapiens that first emerged in africa, but a limited amount of variation has been passed from neanderthals and denisovans through interbreeding after homo sapiens emerged from africa. although dna extraction techniques continue to improve, there are not enough data to provide conclusive evidence about whether modern humans interbred with neanderthals.
Breeding between Neanderthals and modern humans. This is a solid indication of how human migration out of Africa actually occurred: rather than leaving Africa in one or more massive dispersals, Neanderthal DNA entered Africa through gene flow back and forth throughout time.
What does the DNA of Neanderthals reveal?Neanderthal DNA has been linked in studies to fertility, pain perception, and immune system function. Neanderthal DNA may have an impact on a person's height, skin tone, hair color, sleeping habits, mood, and even addiction in modern-day Europeans.
What is implied by the absence of Neanderthal DNA in contemporary African humans?Other parts of the current non-African genome do not include any Neanderthal DNA, which shows that natural selection weeded out any Neanderthal versions of the genes in these locations since they would have caused issues in modern people.
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