Beyond providing energy as ATP, catabolic pathways provide to anabolic pathways diverse cofactors including NADH, NADP or FADH which enable to build new biomolecules.
What is the relative role of cofactors in anabolic pathways?The relative role of cofactors such as NADH in anabolic pathways is based on the requirement of these molecules for diverse cellular processes such as cellular respiration and thus the production of more ATP.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the relative role of cofactors such as NADH in anabolic pathways is based on the generation of new molecules of ATP.
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In peas the trait for tall plants is dominant (T) and the trait for short plants is recessive (t). The trait for yellow seed color is dominant (Y) and the trait for green seed color is recessive (y). A cross between two plants results in 296 tall yellow plants and 104 tall green plants. Which of the following are most likely to be the genotypes of the parents
The trait for tall plants is dominant TtYy x TtYy, The yellow-seed allele is dominant and the green-seed allele is recessive.
What is an example of an allele?The dominant purple and recessive white alleles are responsible for flower color in pea plants.Black, brown, blonde hair color alleles.Alleles are different versions of a chromosome that, in this example, give your child a certain eye color.
Do humans have allele?Since each genetic locus in humans contains two alleles, one of which is inherited from each parent, they are referred to as diploid creatures. The genotype of each set of alleles corresponds to a particular gene.
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compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will
(A) have a faster rate of osmosis.
(B) have a lower water potential.
(C) have a higher water potential.
(D) accumulate water by active transport.
The correct option is A; Have a faster rate of osmosis, Aquaporins efficiently speed up the total rate of water diffusion across the cell membrane due to the sluggish diffusion of water through the lipid bilayer.
Aquaporins are proteins that allow water to enter and exit cells more quickly than through the phospholipid bilayer in a range of bacteria, fungal, animal, and plant cell membranes.
It is true that cells called aquaporins border the PCT and have an impact on water retention. The proximal convoluted tubules' linings include particular structures called aquaporins, which are responsible for retaining water.
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Why is it called directional selection?
Directional selection occurs when individuals in a population with features on one side of the mean outlive or reproduce more than those on the other.
It has been proven numerous times in wild populations, using both observational and experimental methods.
Persons homozygous for one allele have a higher fitness than individuals with other genotypes, whereas individuals homozygous for the other allele have a lower fitness than individuals with other genotypes.
In a statistical examination of natural selection, directional selection produces a population bell curve for a specific attribute that shifts to the left or right. Unlike stabilizing selection, however, the height of the bell curve does not fluctuate.
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Which of the following are examples of processes used to produce transgenic organisms?
A. Crossing the offspring of pea plants over many generations to produce dominant traits
B. Bacterial DNA that code for herbicide tolerance is inserted into the genome of a soyabean plant
C. Cloning bacteria over many generations to create more copies
D. Crossing two different species to produce a hybrid organism
Crossing the offspring of pea plants over many generations to produce dominant traits is the example of Transgenic organisms.
What are transgenic animals?
Transgenic animals are those whose genomes have purposefully been altered to include a foreign gene, most frequently a mouse gene.
These creatures are often produced by microinjecting DNA into the pronuclei of a fertilized egg, which is then implanted into the oviduct of a surrogate mother who isn't actually pregnant.
As a result, the receiving animal bears offspring that have undergone genetic modification. To create a transgenic line, the offspring are then bred with other transgenic offspring.
Therefore, Crossing the offspring of pea plants over many generations to produce dominant traits is the example of Transgenic organisms.
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two alleles of a given gene exist in a population: ctgt and tgtc. (note: the codes given are only for the transcribed strand of the dna in the two alleles.) three possible single crossover events are possible between these two alleles. as a result of the three different crossover events, how many total new alleles (new sequences of dna) could be produced?
As a result of the three different crossover events between the two alleles ctgt and tgtc, six total new alleles can be produced. The three possible single crossover events are ctgt - tgtc, ctgc - tgtc, and ctgt - tgcc. Each of these events produces two new alleles, producing a total of six new alleles.
These six new alleles will have different combinations of the genetic material from the two parent alleles. For example, the first crossover event, ctgt - tgtc, produces the alleles ctgc and tgtg. The allele ctgc contains the first three nucleotides of the ctgt allele and the last three nucleotides of the tgtc allele.
Similarly, the allele tgtg contains the first three nucleotides of the tgtc allele and the last three nucleotides of the ctgt allele. The other four alleles produced by the other two crossover events will have similar combinations of the genetic material from the parent alleles.
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A cancer patient need to increae hi acorbic acid C6H8O6 intake to fight cancer cell. A) how many mole of acrobic acid thoe he need to complete the doctor precription of 13. 00g of intravenuou acrobic acid everyday for 1 month?
Ascorbic acid in 13.00g is 13.00g / 176.13 g/mol = 0.0738 mole. We can use the formula Number of moles = mass of substance / molar mass of substance. The molar mass of ascorbic acid is 176.13 g/mol.
Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is an essential nutrient that has been shown to have anticancer properties. It is a powerful antioxidant that can help protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals, which can contribute to the development of cancer. One way in which ascorbic acid may help to fight cancer cells is by inhibiting their growth and proliferation. This can be done through several mechanisms, such as by disrupting the formation of blood vessels that supply nutrients to cancer cells, or by triggering the death of cancer cells through a process known as apoptosis. The patient's daily dose of 13.00g of ascorbic acid, is a high dose compared to the recommended daily intake for a healthy adult, which is 75-90 mg/day. That's because cancer treatment require higher dosages of certain vitamins and minerals.
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Atelectasis (lung collapse) renders the lung useless for ventilation.True or False
A potentially harmful reaction known as the Hering-Breuer reflex can result in lung overinflation. In more basic pH conditions, oxygenated hemoglobin releases oxygen more quickly.
What leads to pulmonary atelectasis?A bronchus or bronchiole blockage, as well as pressure on the lung's outside, are the two main causes of atelectasis. The condition known as atelectasis is distinct from pneumothorax, another type of collapsed lung that happens when air escapes from the lung.
What is the main reason for atelectasis?When lung sacs (alveoli) cannot adequately expand, atelectasis develops, potentially preventing oxygen from reaching the body's tissues, blood, and organs. It may be brought on by an obstruction or pressure outside the lung. Surgery under anesthesia is the most frequent reason for atelectasis.
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if the dominant phenotype is expressed in a heterozygous individual, how does the heterozygous advantage work?
Stabilizing selection occurs when heterozygous individuals are the most likely to survive. For that reason this fitness pattern is also referred to as heterozygote advantage.
How does the heterozygous advantage work?
Heterotic balance (heterozygous advantage) polymorphisms develop when the fitness of heterozygotes is higher than the fitness of both homozygotes in a given population. A classic case of balanced polymorphism in human populations is sickle cell anemia.One example is known as 'heterozygote advantage'. This is when an organism with two different alleles of a particular gene has greater fitness than an organism with two identical copies of either allele. A seemingly bizarre example of heterozygote advantage is related to sickle cell anaemia in African people.Heterozygous, as related to genetics, refers to having inherited different versions (alleles) of a genomic marker from each biological parent. Thus, an individual who is heterozygous for a genomic marker has two different versions of that marker.To learn more about phenotype refers to"
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if you eat a food that contains a large dose of thiamin and riboflavin, what will most likely happen to the thiamin and riboflavin? a. they will be readily excreted via urine. b. they will promote the production of red blood cells. c. they will increase destruction of free radicals in the body. d. they will be stored in fat cells, which can lead to toxicity.
They will be readily excreted via urine.
The main purpose of riboflavin is lubrication. It extracts energy from carbohydrate, protein, and fat. However, some newer studies, including one in the journal Headache, suggest that a higher dose of riboflavin may help prevent headaches and magraines. Excess riboflavin is excreted in your urine; so if you take a multivitamin and get a greenish-yellow color in your urine, that’s the excess riboflavin being excreted. Riboflavin is nontoxic, so no upper limit has been set. Thiamine is a B vitamin that doesn’t have a known toxicity. It is truly a water-soluble vitamin where you excrete the excess.
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food impaction can contribute to: group of answer choices a) dental caries b) alterations in gingival contours c) stripping gingival tissues away from tooth surface d) all of these
Dental caries is a result of food impaction. (Select a)
What is the term for a dental exam?To monitor your general oral health, you might get a sort of exam called a full-mouth series once every few years. A different kind of x-ray called a bitewing x-ray may be done more frequently to look for cavities or other tooth issues.
How many teeth will a dentist remove simultaneously?The amount of teeth someone can have removed at once has no upper limit. Although it is uncommon to have numerous teeth removed at once, it is occasionally the only choice for patients with serious tooth rot.
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The Endocrine System has many functions including ____________. (select all that apply)
a) Producing neurotransmitters
b) Controlling movement of food through the digestive tract
c) Regulating blood ions concentrations
d) Maintaining blood volume
e) Receiving sensory information from the environment
Endocrine System secrete the chemical messengers called hormones and help regulate blood ion concentration, Maintain Blood volume in our body. Correct option (D)
The endocrine system is a messenger system that consists of feedback loops of hormones delivered by an organism's internal glands straight into the circulatory system, therefore controlling distant target organs. The hypothalamus is the neurological control center for all endocrine systems in animals. The thyroid and adrenal glands are the two most important endocrine glands in humans. Endocrinology is the study of the endocrine system and its diseases.
An axis is a group of glands that communicate with one another in a certain order, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In addition to the specialist endocrine organs indicated above, many additional organs that are part of other bodily systems, such as bone, kidneys, liver, heart, and gonads, have secondary endocrine activities.
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Forensic scientists are using DNA typing. What are they MOST likely trying to accomplish?
They are trying to write a document about DNA matches from CODIS.
They are trying to distinguish one person's DNA from another.
They are trying to make a bond between two strands of DNA.
They are trying to cut a strand of DNA into smaller fragments.
Answer:
They are trying to distinguish one person's DNA from another.
Explanation:
DNA typing, commonly referred to as DNA profiling or DNA fingerprinting, is a technique used by forensic experts to identify and separate the DNA of different people. A person's unique DNA profile may be created by scientists by examining particular DNA regions. This profile can be used to rule out a suspect from suspicion or to match DNA discovered at a crime scene to a particular suspect. Criminal investigations, incidents involving missing persons, and attempts to identify human remains all frequently employ DNA typing. The most likely objective of forensic scientists using DNA typing is to identify people and link them to a particular crime scene. This is a strong tool.
Which unit of geologic time is gthe shortest and most recent?
- cenozoic era
-holocence epoch
-quanternary period
-hadean epoch
when did modern humans evolve on earth?
a. about 10,000 years ago
b.about 3.2 mya
c.a bout 6 mya
d. about 4.5 bya
urget please help!!!!
Answer: Which unit of geologic time is the shortest and most recent?
Holocene epoch.
When did modern humans evolve on earth?
C. About 6 mya
Explanation: Which unit of geologic time is the shortest and most recent?
Longest to shortest; eons, eras, periods, epochs and ages. The Holocene epoch is still going.
When did modern humans evolve on earth?
Humans first came to earth during the Cenozoic Era, which was approximately 6 million years ago.
just graduating from veterinary school and passing the test for her certification, siobhan is excited to begin using her new knowledge. she has learned about all kinds of animals in her training. siobhan joins a veterinary practice in a suburban area. although siobhan does, indeed, see different types of animals, which kind of animal will she see most often?
Siobhan will most likely see dogs and cats as patients in her veterinary practice.
In a suburban area, it is likely that Siobhan's veterinary practice will be mostly focused on small animals such as dogs and cats. These are the most common pets that people own, and therefore, the most common animals that will be brought to the veterinary practice for treatment. Additionally, these animals are considered as a member of the family, so their owners are more likely to invest in their health care, by taking them to the vet for regular check-ups or when they are unwell.
Although Siobhan has learned about all kinds of animals in her training, as a small animal veterinarian, she will most likely see dogs and cats as her primary patients. However, Siobhan may also see other small animals such as birds, rabbits, ferrets, and guinea pigs.
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in the process of robbing a store the robber cut his finger and left a trace amount of blood behind. craig was arrested but says he did not do it. craig's has blood type is a and the blood type found at the store was o, was craig the robber?
No Craig was not the robber because both the blood do not matches as Craig was arrested but says he did not do it. Craig's has blood type is a and the blood type found at the store was o.
What is a Blood type?According to the presence or absence of antibodies and hereditary antigenic compounds on the surface of red blood cells, blood is classified according to its type. these antigens could be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group systemTypes of Blood:The four major types of blood types (groups) are A, B, AB, and O. The genes we inherited from our parents are the one by which our blood type is defined . Hence, There are total of 8 blood types, each of which can be either RhD positive or RhD negative.
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Given this data, Jackson concludes that only Unknown 2 could be a protein. Which of the following explanations supports Jackson's conclusion?
Proteins have some amino acids that contain sulfur, whereas most lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates do not contain sulfur.
The presence of sulfur in Unknown 2 suggests that it is a protein, as proteins have some amino acids that contain sulfur, whereas most lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates do not contain sulfur.
Jackson's conclusion that only Unknown 2 could be a protein is supported by the fact that proteins have some amino acids that contain sulfur, whereas most lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates do not contain sulfur. This is because sulfur-containing amino acids, such as cysteine and methionine, are important building blocks of proteins.
They are involved in the formation of disulfide bonds, which play a critical role in the stability and function of proteins. Lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates, on the other hand, do not contain sulfur and do not have the same structural and functional properties as proteins.
Therefore, the presence of sulfur in Unknown 2 suggests that it is a protein.
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TRUE/FALSE. R-selected species have a short life span and an early reproduction cycle. Please select the best answer from the choices provided
That statement is true! Species such as clams frequently have enormous reproductive bouts with extremely long lifespans, in contrast to K chosen species such as humans.
What is reproduction cycle?It goes through four stages: menstrual, regenerative, proliferative, and secretory. The cycle duration is the time it takes from the first day of one menstruation to the first day of the following menstruation; most usual cycles last 28 days, but it can range from 21 to 40 days. Puberty and sexual maturity, the breeding season, the estrous cycle, postpartum sexual activity, and aging are all related to the reproductive cycle. Environmental, genetic, physiologic, hormonal, behavioral, and psychological variables all influence these components. Reproduction is a biological process in which an organism reproduces biologically similar offspring. Reproduction allows and guarantees species continuation generation after generation. It is the most important aspect of life on Earth.
Here,
That is correct! Clams, for example, have enormous reproductive bouts with extremely long lifespans, in contrast to K chosen species like humans.
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Genetic marker analysis shows that genes A, B, and C are all found on the same chromosome. A study finds that the alleles for genes A and C are almost always inherited together. The alleles for gene B assort independently of genes A and C. Which conclusion is most likely true?
A. Gene B must be on one of the chromatids with genes A and B on the other.
B. Gene B must be on one end of the chromosome with genes A and C on the other.
C. The genetic marker analysis must be incorrect; gene B is found on a different chromosome.
D. The inheritance study must be incorrect; gene B should show linked inheritance with genes A and C.
The correct answer would be - Gene B must be on one end of the chromosome with genes A and C on the other.
It is known that gene A and gene C are always inherited together in the next generation of cells while B assorts independently of others which means the location of the gene B is different from the other two genes A and C that are present on the same chromosome.
Most likely genes A and C are present at one end or arm of the chromosome that inherited together while gene B is located on other ends, therefore, assort independently.
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only 4% of people have type ab blood. a) onaverage,howmanydonorsmustbecheckedto find someone with type ab blood?
Answer:
On average, you would need to check 25 donors to find someone with type AB blood, as it is only found in approximately 4% of the population.
a dog's cells carry out many processes at once. some cells are involved in muscle contraction and some are involved in growing fur. which statement tells the most important factor that allows cells to keep accomplishing their many processes?
The most important factor that allows cells to keep accomplishing their many processes is the presence of a functioning cell membrane.
which controls the flow of substances in and out of the cell and allows for communication between the cell and its environment. Cells carry out the process of metabolism, which includes various chemical reactions that convert nutrients into energy and building blocks for growth and repair. This is accomplished through the coordination of various organelles and structures within the cell, such as the mitochondria for energy production, the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus for protein and lipid synthesis, and the ribosomes for protein synthesis. Additionally, cells have specialized structures such as the cell membrane, which controls the flow of substances in and out of the cell and allows for communication between the cell and its environment, and the nucleus, which contains the cell's genetic material and controls the cell's activities.
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Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. If he had just warmed the nutrient-rich broth, rather than boiled it, what would have been the likely outcome of his experiment
In the experiment on spontaneous generation, if Pasteur had just warmed the nutrient-rich broth, rather than boiled it, the likely outcome of his experiment would have been that: Cells would have appeared in both flasks.
The spontaneous generation experiment was conducted in the year 1859 by Louis Pasteur where he boiled the nutrient broth and deduced that when it was exposed to direct air, the broth decomposed and showed growth of small microorganisms in it.
Cell is the most fundamental unit of the living organisms. It is divided into two categories: prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell. The eukaryotic cell is the advanced cell types which has further two classes: plant cell and animal cell.
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Explain what is meant by a metapopulation and how it relates to the desert bighorn sheep. (1 point) Identify two density-dependent factors and one density-independent factor that could affect the populations of desert bighorn sheep. (3 points) Explain the consequences to the desert bighorn sheep population if the plan to connect the mountain habitat islands is not implemented. (2 points)
A metapopulation is a collection of distinct, isolated populations that periodically spread their members throughout the habitat islands, facilitating the recolonization of islands that may otherwise become .
What constitutes a metapopulation, specifically?A metapopulation is just a population where members are spatially dispersed among two or maybe more subpopulations in a habitat. Examples of metapopulations include populations of butterflies , coral-reef fish.
How do a population and just a metapopulation differ from one another?a collection of geographically distinct populations, some of which have undergone immigration. A population is a group of conspecific people who are geographically, genetically, or demographically distinct from other groups of people.
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What are the two methods of selection?
Selection is the process of choosing one or more plants from the population while removing the undesired ones that have the desired traits. The two selection methods are pure-line selection and mass selection.
In mass selection, a group of people chosen for their appearance are mated, their offspring are further chosen for the desired traits, and the process is repeated for as many generations as needed. Pedigree selection is the process of picking breeding stock based on the quality and capacity of ancestors' reproduction. Progeny selection refers to the decision to use a breeding stock based on the testing or performance of their descendants or offspring. Pure-line selection is choosing and breeding offspring from superior organisms over a number of generations until a line of organisms that solely possess the desired traits has been established.
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isometric exercise, isotonic exercise, and isokinetic exercise are all forms of
They must use resistance to work your muscles; they are all anaerobic exercises.
Anaerobic exercise is a type of exercise that breaks down glucose in the body without using oxygen; anaerobic means "without oxygen". In practical terms, this means that anaerobic exercise is more intense, but shorter in duration than aerobic exercise.
Exercises that mimic the typical contraction of muscles are referred to as isotonic exercises. Similar to this, during isometric activities, the joint angle and muscle length do not vary when the muscle contracts. When it comes down to it, isokinetic exercises are done on machines. These machines are designed to produce a consistent pace regardless of how much effort is put into using them. Therefore, all three of these workouts are employed to develop and increase physical endurance.
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Which row in the chart below best describes the active transport of molecule X through a cell membrane?
Row Movement of Molecule X Use of ATP
1 high concentration - low concentration used
2 high concentration - low concentration not used
3 low concentration - low concentration used
4 low concentration - low concentration not used
3 low concentration - low concentration used, The active passage of molecule X across a cell membrane is best represented by the third row of the chart below.
A molecule can be heteronuclear, which is a chemical compound made up of more than one element, such as water, or homonuclear, which is a molecule made up of atoms of one chemical element, such as the two atoms in the oxygen molecule (O2) (two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom; H2O). A molecule is a collection of two or more chemically bound atoms, whether they are from the same element or another. One molecule of water is created, for instance, when two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom combine. There are three different kinds of molecules x : atom-sized molecules, element-sized molecules, and compound-sized molecules.
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Debooster cylinders are used in brake systems primarily to
An aircraft uses debooster cylinders are used in brake in flight is under the influence of many forces. The four primary forces acting on a straight and levelled aircraft are weight, lift, thrust and drag.
Forces on an Aircraft weight is defined as the force acting on the aircraft due to gravity. Lift is the force acting perpendicular to relative motion and opposes weight. The wings of an aircraft are curved on top but flat at bottom.
This cross sectional shape of wings is known as airfoil. When this shape moves through the air at a high speed, air velocity is higher at the top surface of the wing than the bottom. This causes the pressure on top of the wing to be lower than the pressure on the bottom of the wing.
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during which phase does the number of cells increase?
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. This process is also known as mitosis. During mitosis, the genetic material in the parent cell is replicated and divided equally between the daughter cells.
The process of mitosis is divided into five distinct phases: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, the cell's nuclear membrane begins to break down and the chromosomes in the nucleus condense. During prometaphase, the spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes. In metaphase, the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. During anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart and the spindle fibers move them to opposite side of the cell. Finally, during telophase, the nuclear membrane reforms, the chromosomes decondense, and two daughter cells are formed.
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A scientific
offers a scientific explanation about
why something happens and is supported by a large number of
experiments.
check it
2 scratchpad
improve this question
A scientific theory offers a scientific explanation as to why something happens and is supported by a large number of experiments and observations.
A scientific theory is based on evidence and is tested and refined over time. It is accepted as the most probable explanation for a phenomenon, and is widely accepted by the scientific community.
A scientific theory is a set of systematically organized principles that explain a phenomenon, generally based on empirical observations.
These theories are formulated from previous ideas and concepts about the phenomenon and are subjected to empirical tests to be validated or refuted. If a theory is scientifically proven, it is considered as a plausible explanation for the phenomenon and can be considered as a scientific theory.
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[Anatomy of the eye] Peripheral vision is performed by nearly pure concentrations of ______, viewed as blurry and colorless.
Peripheral vision is performed by nearly pure concentrations of rods, viewed as blurry and colorless.
What is peripheral vision?Peripheral vision, also known as indirect vision, refers to vision that is received away from the point of fixation, or, when viewed at extreme angles, in (or out of) the "corner of one's eye."
Peripheral vision is the term used to describe the overwhelming majority of the visual field. "Far peripheral" refers to the region at the outside of the visual field, "mid-peripheral" to medium eccentricities, and "near peripheral," also known as "para-central," to the region that is immediately surrounding the center of gaze.
Your peripheral vision is aided by rod-shaped nerve cells that are situated away from the macula, the focal point of your retina. It's crucial to have peripheral vision since it enables you to observe things around you without having to turn your head or shift your eyes.
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A city has harmful air pollution. An engineer wants to design a car that will produce less air pollution.
Which step will ,begin emphasis,best,end emphasis, help the engineer design this product?
Answer:
The best step for the engineer to take in order to design a car that produces less air pollution would be to conduct thorough research on the sources and causes of air pollution in the city. This research should include an analysis of the specific pollutants that are present in the city's air, as well as the ways in which these pollutants are produced by various sources such as transportation, industry, and power generation.
Once the engineer has a clear understanding of the sources and causes of air pollution in the city, they can begin to explore different technologies and design solutions that can reduce emissions from cars. This may include the use of alternative fuels, advanced emissions control systems, or hybrid or electric powertrains.
It's also important for the engineer to consider the overall efficiency of the car, not only the emissions. For example, if the car is more aerodynamic, it will use less energy to move and produce less emissions in the process.
Finally, they should test and verify the effectiveness of their design through real-world testing and validation before releasing it to the market.
