Octet rule is obeyed by I and CN and ICN don't follow the rule. 350 Joules of energy would the laser light deliver.
The octet rule, a chemical guideline, is based on the idea that main-group elements normally bind so that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electrical configuration as a noble gas. The rule is particularly applicable to carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and halogens, while it is more generally applicable to the s-block and p-block of the periodic table. The 18-electron rule for transition metals or the duplet rule for hydrogen and helium, for instance, apply to other elements. The valence electrons can be counted using a Lewis electron dot diagram, like the one for carbon dioxide on the right. The two shared electrons in a covalent link are counted twice, one for each atom. Four electrons are shared by each oxygen atom in carbon dioxide, two from the oxygen itself (shown in red) and two from the carbon. It can be claimed that both the carbon octet and the oxygen octet follow the octet rule because they both count all four of these electrons.
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draw the lewis structures for the following ions:
H2S, SiCl4, BeF2, CO2 - 3, and HCOOH molecules and ions should all have Lewis structures drawn.
The Lewis structure of the molecule HCOOH is composed of three outside bonding atoms and one central carbon atom.
What shape does H2S take?Two of the six valence electrons that sulfur possesses—out of a total of six—are used to form each of the two S–H bonds. This leaves two lone pairs, which, through crowding and repulsion, prevent the bonding electrons from forming a linear shape. As a result, the form is a "V," with a 92-degree angle between the two SH bonds.
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The light observed in a flame test is the absorption that moves an electron from a lower energy level to a higher energy level_ is the emission that occurs when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level: occurs because vibrations are excited in a cation: is the Infrared (IR) radiation emitted by a cation;
The light observed in a flame test is the emission that occurs when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level.
This occurs because the electron loses energy in the form of light as it moves from one energy level to another. The light emitted is dependent on the type of cation that is present in the flame. Different cations will emit different wavelengths of light due to their unique energy levels.
This is why a flame test is used to identify different elements and compounds. Additionally, infrared (IR) radiation is also emitted by the cation in the flame. This radiation is emitted due to the vibrations of the cation's molecules as they are excited by the heat of the flame. The amount of infrared radiation emitted is also dependent on the type of cation present.
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Draw a correct Lewis structure for XeI2 (Xe in middle, surrounded by I's ) that puts a 0 formal charge on all atoms. How many lone pairs (unshared pairs) are on the central atom? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) A 0.3876 gram sample of a gaseous compound occupies 142 mL at 150 degrees C and 775 torr. What is the molar mass of the compound? Assume ideal behavior. M = dRT/P M = molar mass Hint: you must convert torr to atm 760 torr = 1 atm Hint: you must convert oC to K by adding 273 Hint: you must convert mL to L
On the Xenon atom (Xe) and both of the Iodine atoms, there are three lone pairs and the molar mass of sample is 86.83g/mole..
(a) The central Xenon atom (Xe) of the XeI2 Lewis structure is surrounded by two Iodine atoms. The Xenon atom (Xe) and each iodine atom are connected by two single bonds.
(b) Given that a gaseous sample's mass(m) is 0.3876 grams.
This sample's volume (v) is 142 ml, = 0.142 L, and its temperature (t) is 150 °C, = 150 + 273 , = 423 K
pressure (p) equals 1.09174 atm or 775 torr.
As a result of the equation pv = nRt, n=m/M and M = mRt/pv, which equals 0.3876x0.0821x423/1.0917x0.142, = 13.46068908/0.1550214, = 86.83g/mole.
The resulting molar mass is 86.83g/mole.
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At constant temperature, the pressure of 85.0 mL of nitrogen gas is 2.30 atm.
If the pressure were reduced to 1.60 atm, then what would be the new volume?
Answer:
122.18mL
Explanation:
P1V1 = P2V2
V2 = P1V1/P2
P1 = 85.0mL
V1 = 2.30 atm
P2 = 1.60 atm
V2 = ?
V2 = 85 × 2.30/1.6
V2 = 195.5/1.6
V2 = 122.18 mL
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A beaker contains 300.0 ml of a 0.20 M Pb(NO,), solution. If 200.0 ml of a 0.20 M solution of MgCl, is added to the beaker, what will be the final
concentration of Pb?* ions in the resulting solution?
(A) 0.020 M
(B) 0.040 M
(C) 0.080 M
(D) 0.120 M
(E) 0.150 M
Answer:
A.0.020 M
because Pb lead is added on only 300 ml breaker but it was not added in 200 ml breaker.
at slightly less than 5% in water, acetic acid is vinegar. draw the structure of acetic acid.
A solution of acetic acid in water is essentially what vinegar is. A molarity (in mol/L) is a way to express the amount of acetic acid in vinegar:
Molarity is defined as Mole of Acetic Acid per L of Vinegar (11.1) or as a mass percentage.
The amount of acetic acid in vinegar will be measured in this experiment using a method called titration. A regulated reaction between a solution with a known concentration (the titrant) and a solution with an unknown concentration is called a titration (the analyte). vinegar's acetic acid and sodium hydroxide:
Small amounts of sodium hydroxide will be progressively added to the vinegar using a burette. The exact delivery of a certain volume of a solution is made possible by a burette.
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Question 6 (1 point) What is the formula for diboron hexahydride?
The formula for diboron hexahydride is B₂H₆.
Covalent compounds are covalent bonds between nonmetal elements and nonmetal elements. Nonmetal elements such as hydrogen (H), boron (B), carbon (C), helium (He), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), bromine (Br), and fluorine (F). Naming covalent compounds using prefixes.
1 = mono2 = di3 = tri4 = tetra5 = penta6 = hexa7 = hepta8 = octaWe use the prefix for the first part and the second part before the name of the elements. But we didn't use prefixes if the first part has one atom. The prefix we use is according to how many atoms are in the compound. Example
CO₂ = 1 atom C and 2 atoms ODiboron hexahydride
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calculate the ph of a buffer solution made from equal volumes of 0.8m hc2h3o2 and 0.2m nac2h3o2. (ka
The pH of the buffer solution is found to be 0.22.
The balance chemical equation of the reaction is,
HC2H3O2 + NaHCO3 = NaC2H3O2 + CO2 + H2O.
From the above reaction it is clear that one mole of HC2H3O2 is reacting with one mole of NaHCO3 completely.
We know the moles of a solution are given by,
Moles = molariy x volume
Because the volume of HC2H3O2 and NaHCO3 are equal.
We can write,
Final moles = (0.8M-0.2M)V
Final moles = 0.6M.
Now at the end of the reaction 0.6 M concentration HC2H3O2 is remaining.
So the pH of this buffer solution will be given by,
pH = log[C]
C is concentration,
pH = -log[0.6]
pH = 0.22
So, the pH of the buffer solution is 0.22.
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g which represents a spontaneous reaction and what is the correct e 0 cell? 1.40 4.16 -0.04 1.36
g which represents a spontaneous reaction and option b 4.16 is the correct e 0 cell
spontaneous reaction is The value of E represents a half-reduction cell's readiness (i.e. it is a reduction potential). When compared to a conventional hydrogen half-cell, whose standard electrode potential is set at 0.00 V, it demonstrates how many volts are needed to get the system to undergo the desired reduction. A assessment of the potential for equilibrium is the standard electrode potential. There is indeed a voltage differential between both the electrode and the electrolyte termed the potential of the electrode.lower the Erred value. acts as anche and reducing • larger the value of Ered. act as ocidoing agent- and act as Cathode here, When compared to the larger value of E of ar, the reduction in Ft is not spontaneous, despite loving its value of 1°.
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which color in the rainbow has the longest wavelength? 1. orange 2. blue3. yellow4.green 5. red
Within the visible spectrum, violet has the shortest wavelength while red has the longest.
The colors of the rainbow are known as VIBGYOR, and they are listed below in ascending order of their wavelength: Red, Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, and orange. Red has a wavelength of 700 nanometers, while violet has a wavelength of about 380 nanometers. Since frequency and wavelength are known to be inversely correlated, rays of red light have the lowest frequency and the highest wavelength value.This shows that of all types of radiation, red light waves have the lowest number of waves per second.
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Average Water Harsness Is Stated AsWater Hardness Is Stated As
According to general recommendations, fluids should be categorized as soft up to 60 mg/L (milligrams per liter) of calcium carbonate, moderately hard between 61 and 120 mg/L, hard between 121 and 180 mg/L, and very hard over 180 mg/L.
What is the formula for water hardness?
The formula for calculating hardness is hardness = 2.497 (Ca) + 4.118. (Mg). As a result, changes in the magnesium pool have a higher impact on hardness than changes in the calcium pool. Calcium and magnesium, which make up the bulk of hardness, are advantageous to people.
How is the hardness of water determined?
The most popular method for determining hardness is colorimetric titration using an EDTA solution. A titration entails gradually adding titrant solution and indicator solution to a water sample until the sample's color changes. Using a burette or a water hardness test kit, you can titrate a sample for total hardness.
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Why Li_2^+ is more stable than Li_2 ? According to J.D Lee, compounds with fraction bond number are unstable--Li2+ BOND ORDER = 0.5 Li2 BOND ORDER =1 Hence Li2+ must be unstable than Li2 but then why Li2 is more stable than Li2+. Please explain reasons.
The difference in stability between Li2+ and Li2 results from several factors.
First, Li2+ has a fractional bond order, meaning that the electrons in the bond are less strongly held and more easily able to move around. As a result, Li2+ is more reactive and less stable than Li2.
Second, Li2+ has a higher charge density than Li2. This means that it is more tightly held together, making it more reactive and less stable. Third, Li2+ is more likely to form a coordinate covalent bond than Li2. In a coordinate covalent bond, one of the atoms contributes electrons to form the bond, making it more reactive and less stable.
Finally, Li2+ has higher ionization energy than Li2. This means that it is more difficult to remove electrons from Li2+, making it less stable.
In summary, Li2+ is less stable than Li2 due to its fractional bond order, higher charge density, propensity to form coordinate covalent bonds, and higher ionization energy.
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A structure containing a central atom surrounded by three electron groups will have a _____ planar arrangement in which the ideal bond angle is _____ °.
A trigonal structure with a 120° ideal bond angle results from a structure with a center atom with three electron groups.
How can you tell if something is trigonally symmetrical?Trigonal planar molecules are those that have 3 linkages and 0 lone pairs. A molecule is angular or curved if it has 3 connections and 1 lone pair. Tetrahedral molecules are those that contain 4 bonds but no lone pairs. A molecule is trigonal pyramidal if it contains 4 links and 1 pair of electrons.
Trigonal planar has how many sides?When a structure has four atoms and none of its atoms are lone pairs and the core atom is surround by three other atoms, it will have trigonal molecular geometry. Four atoms will be arranged on a single plane.
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g does fission of light or heavy elements produce the most energy per mole of the given isotope? explain by discussing mass defect and nuclear binding energy.
Depending on the element's atomic number, fusion provides significantly more energy for lighter elements than fission does for heavier ones.
The term "binding energy" is the key to comprehending this. The combined mass of protons and neutrons in a nucleus, when they are held together by the strong force, is always less than the combined mass of the same number of unbound protons and neutrons.
The mass disparity is transformed into energy when two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus. This means that to cause the nucleus to disintegrate, the same amount of energy must be added.
The issue is that a lot of energy is released when hydrogen and helium are fused together. Less energy is released when heavier elements are fused.
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on the periodic table, what is a period? what characteristic is shared by elements in the same period?
A row containing chemical elements makes up a period inside the periodic table. The number electron shells is the same for every atom in a row. Every atom after it in an interval has one additional proton.
Which shells can hold the most electrons?
A maximum of two electrons with the opposite spin can fit in any orbital. A 1s orbital and two electrons are contained within the first shell. 8 electrons are located in the second shell, with 2 in a two electrons & 6 in three triplet state orbitals.
Has every shell got eight electrons?
The octet rule states that most biologically significant elements require 8 electrons in its outermost layer in order for it to survive.
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what is the molar solubility of fe(oh)2 at 25°c if ksp of the compound is 7.9 × 10–16?
If the compound's ksp is 7.9 10-16, then fe(oh)2's molar solubility at 25°C is 25.8 10-6 M.
What does the word "compound" mean simply?(KOM-pownd) a material created by joining two or more distinct elements chemically in science. Examples of compounds are table salt (Nahco3), which is generated from of the atoms sodium and chloride, and water (Hydrate), which is created from the components hydrogen and oxygen.
Since when is freshwater a compound?It is a compound since it is made up of water molecules. There are no genuine water atoms. Two atoms of oxygen and one hydrogens, in that order, make up each water molecule.
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complete the valence molecular orbital diagram for oxygen o2
Two oxygen atoms are depicted with twelve valence electron dots on the Lewis diagram of O2. Six are positioned such that each oxygen atom has four valence electrons on one side.
The oxygen molecule has a stable structure thanks to the four valence electrons that combine to create two shared pairs of covalent bonds. The elementary electric charge of the electron, a subatomic particle, is a negative one. Due to their lack of known components or substructure, electrons, which are part of the first generation of the lepton particle family, are typically considered to be elementary particles. A nucleus and one or more electrons attached to the nucleus make up every atom. One or more protons and many neutrons make up the nucleus.
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Draw the electron configuration for neutral atom of vanadium.
Vanadium has the following electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3.
Which element has a 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3 electrical configuration?Vanadium (V), if you're thinking about a neutral atom, has that specific arrangement of electrons. The atomic mass of Vanadium, a transition metal in the fourth row, group 5 of the periodic table, is 23, which is the same as the atomic mass of the atom you're looking for, with which it shares a similarity.
What is the atomic structure of vanadium?The atomic radius of vanadium is 0.134 nm, and its electronic configuration is (Ar)(3d)3(4s)2. Vanadium has a body-centred cubic crystal structure with one atom per lattice point at ambient temperature. 0.303 nm is the lattice parameter.
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a load has 2.00 a of current flowing through it the voltage across the lload is 8.0V what is the resistance of the load
There is 2.0 an of current flowing through a load. 8.0V of electricity is present across the load. The load has a 4W resistance.
Explain about the resistance?
A circuit's opposition to current flow is measured by its resistance. The Greek letter omega () stands for ohms, which are used to measure resistance. Georg Simon Ohm (1784–1854), a German physicist who examined the connection between voltage, current, and resistance, is the subject of the name "Ohm."
Resistance is the degree to which a substance obstructs or opposes an electric current. Flowing electrons are referred to as electric current. Imagine a person in a busy market who is having difficulty moving from one shop to another. This is a simple approach to illustrate resistance. The ohm is the SI unit for measuring electric resistance. 1 Ω = 1 V/A.
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What is the Lewis symbol for germanium? Ge Ge Ge Ge
Symbol Ge The chemical element germanium has the atomic number 32 and the letter Ge assigned to it.
How is the Lewis symbol located?The Lewis sign is produced by adding dotting to the external energy all around an element's symbol to represent its electrons.For many common goods, the group number of the entity corresponds to the number of dots.Below is a list of the Lewis Symbols of various elements.
Do GE's valence electrons total four?
The valence electrons of carbon, silicon, and germanium each number four.These have valence & conduction bands that are separated with energy band gaps that are, respectively, (Eg)C, (Eg)Si, and (Eg)Ge.
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3 hg 2 cr3 3 hg2 2 cr in the above redox reaction, use oxidation numbers to identify the element oxidized, the element reduced, the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent.
The substance that gains electrons is being reduced and is the oxidizing agent
How do you distinguish between oxidizing and reducing substances in a redox reaction?Divide the reaction into a net ionic equation and then into half-reactions. The material that loses electrons is being oxidized and is the reducing agent. The material that obtains electrons is being reduced and is the oxidizing agent.
The species that loses electrons is said to be oxidized, whereas the species that acquires electrons is said to be reduced. We may detect redox processes by utilizing oxidation numbers, which are assigned to atoms in molecules by assuming that all bonds to the atoms are ionic.
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Which of the following is an example of intermolecular forces?
O hydrogen bonding
O covalent bonding
O fonic bonding
O metallic bonding
D Question 2 The strongest intermolecular forces present in a sample of HOF are
O hydrogen bonds
O covalent bonds
O dipole-dipole forces
O London dispersion forces
1.)Hydrogen bonding is a example of intermolecular force where H interract with more electronegative element like O, N , F . 2.) Hydrogen bonding is present in HOF which is more stronger then london dispersion force.
Intermolecular force are those that bind molecules together. Figure illustrating the intramolecular attraction within an H-Cl molecule and the intermolecular attraction between two H-Cl molecules. Forces between molecules are known as intermolecular forces. Three physical states—solid, liquid, and gas—are formed depending on the strength of intermolecular forces. The attraction between molecules is known as intermolecular force. These forces are crucial because they aid chemists in determining a substance's physical characteristics, such as its state, melting point, boiling point, etc. The melting and boiling points rise in proportion to the strength of the intermolecular forces.
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Ryan has a condition called achalasia, where the muscles in his esophagus refuse to relax and allow food to enter his stomach. Ryan has seen specialists for this issue but his last treatment involving a laparoscopic myotomy did not fix it. In fact, Ryan has seen a substantial increase in the amount of acid reflux he has since the procedure. He hears about an experimental new treatment called POEM that is being tried in a hospital across the country. Ryan sends a letter to the surgeons on staff, asking that he be considered for this treatment. In this situation, what healthcare role is the hospital experimenting with POEM filling?
ANSWERS
1. primary care
2 secondary care
3 tertiary care
4 quaternary care
Answer:
1. primary care
Explanation:
This question is about salts.
Green copper carbonate and sulfuric acid can be used to produce
blue copper sulfate crystals
Excess copper carbonate is added to sulfuric acid.
Give three observations you would make.
Here is the three observation about copper.
What is copper?copper (Cu), chemical element, a reddish, extremely ductile metal of the Group 11 (Ib) of the periodic table that is an unusually by its good conductor of to the electricity and heat. Copper of to the found in the free metallic state in nature. This is native copper was first by the used .
The reaction between to the copper carbonate and it is sulphuric acid will be a great neutralization reaction. Copper carbonate will acts like as a base, however, sulphuric acid is an acid. This reaction can also be the viewed as a double line displacement reaction too. By it's understand the nature of this reaction and what will be the final to product of this reaction.
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a 4.08 m solution of a weak acid ha is found to have a ph of 1.06. calculate its pka (give your answer to 2 decimal places)
A 4.08 M solution of a weak acid is found to have a pH of 1.06, then it's pKa is calculated as 2.72.
What is pH?In chemistry, pH potential of hydrogen is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions. Water has neutral pH of 7 which implies that it is neither acidic or basic. The scale ranges from 0 to 14.
− log [H+] = pH= 1.06
[H+] = 10^(-1.06)
=[H+]^2 / [HA]i - [H+]
= (10^-1.06* 10^-1.06) / (4.08 - 10^(-1.06))
Ka = 1.901 *10^-3 M
pKa = - log (Ka)
= - log (1.901 *10^-3)
pKa = 2.72
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"Assign each statement to the corresponding polysaccharide. Chitin Starch Glycogen Cellulose Answer Bank is the storage form of glucose in animals consists of N-acetylglucosa"
Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates that are made up of multiple monosaccharide units linked together in a chain. They are an important part of our diet and are found in a variety of foods. There are four major types of polysaccharides: Chitin, Starch, Glycogen, and Cellulose. Each type has its own unique characteristics and functions in the body.
Chitin is a polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans, insect cuticles, and other arthropods. It is composed of N-acetylglucosamine units linked together in a chain. Chitin is an important structural component of these organisms and provides them with protection and support.
Starch is a polysaccharide found in plants. It is composed of glucose units linked together in a linear chain. Starch is the storage form of glucose in plants and is an important source of energy for humans.
Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals. It is composed of α-1,4-linked glucose units linked together in a large branching chain. Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles and serves as an important energy source for the body.
Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants. It is composed of β-1,4-linked glucose units linked together in a long chain. Cellulose is an important structural component of plants and provides them with strength and rigidity.
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Would sweet tea be an example of a mixture or a compound?
Sweet tea is an example of a mixture. A mixture is defined as a combination of two or more substances in which the individual components are generally still distinguishable and can be separated by physical means.
On the other hand, a compound is a substance made up of two or more different elements chemically combined in fixed proportions.Sweet tea is usually composed of tea leaves, sugar, and water. The individual components are still distinguishable and can be separated by physical means such as filtration and evaporation. For example, if sweet tea is left to stand, the tea leaves will settle to the bottom and the sugar will dissolve in the water. Therefore, sweet tea is an example of a mixture and not a compound.
In conclusion, sweet tea is an example of a mixture and not a compound because the individual components are still distinguishable and can be separated by physical means. It is composed of tea leaves, sugar, and water, which are combined to create a unique flavor and taste.
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The smallest atomic unit which maintains the physical properties of a compound is a(n)
Answer:
The smallest atomic unit which maintains the physical properties of a compound is called a molecule.
Explanation:
A molecule is the smallest unit of a compound that can exist independently and still retain the properties of that compound. It is made up of two or more atoms that are bonded together, and it is the basic unit of a chemical compound. The atoms in a molecule are held together by chemical bonds, which are the attractive forces that hold the atoms together. Molecules can be made up of different types of atoms, and the type and arrangement of atoms in a molecule determine the properties of the compound.
the half-life of iodine-123 is 13.3 hours. how much of a 25.0 mg sample will remain after 39.9 hours?
If iodine has a 13.3 hour half life, 3.12 mg of the original sample will still be present after 39.9 hours.
what is The meaning of half-life?The reaction rate must decrease to half its initial value before the process has reached its half life. The split of that first order chemical reaction is a quantity related to the rate constant of the reaction.
Briefing:
Given, the iodine half-life is 13.3 hours. As a result, half-life t1/2 Equals ln 2/ K
k = 0.693 .... t1/2
≈ 0.693 /13.3 hours
= 5.21 *10-2
The rate law sets the flow timetime is set by the rate law, which varies for each emotion. When only one reactant's quantity influences the speed of chemical reaction, this is referred to as a first-order contact. Because of this, it is occasionally referred to as unimolecular process. The rate is as follows for this type of reaction: k= 1/t ln [A]0 / [A] is the rate constant for the first order reaction. 5.21 * 10-2 hours are in 39.9 hours.
By including all the numbers in the initial order reaction's rate constant equation, we obtain [A].
t = 3.12mg
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Copper has a specific heat of 0.34 J/g C. What does the value of the specific heat tell you about copper compared to water? (specific heat of water=4.184 J/g C)
Copper will experience a high-temperature change as it has a low specific heat as compared to water.
What is the specific heat capacity?Specific heat can be defined as the heat needed to change the temperature of one unit mass (1 kg) of material at constant volume by 1 °C. The S.I. unit of the specific heat capacity can be written as J/kg. The thermal capacity of a material can be described as a physical property of a substance.
The mathematically specific heat capacity can be calculated as :
Q = m C ΔT, Where C is the heat capacity.
As given the values of the specific heat, the high specific heat means that the substance will take more heat to increase its temperature by one degree.
Therefore, when copper and water provided equal amounts of heat, the temperature of the copper metal with the low specific heat has a high change compared to water.
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