Answer:The concept of momemtum will be used to solve this question.A moving body's momemtum, which is generally equal to the product of the body's mass and velocity, is a quality that the body has as a result of its mass and motion.
Explanation:
A 0.0272 kg arrow is fired with a velocity of 87.3 m/s from a 0.0245 kg bow. Determine the equivalent impulse value imparted on the arrow. (hint: you can also use newton's third law of motion)* A.2.37 Ns
B.3.11 Ns
C.113.5 Ns
D.214.2 Ns
The equivalent impulse value imparted on the arrow is 2.37 Ns,
option A
What is the impulse imparted?The equivalent impulse value imparted on the arrow can be determined using the equation for impulse, which is given by;
Impulse = force x time.
Since the arrow is moving with a constant velocity, the time during which the force is applied can be determined using the principle of conservation of momentum. The change in momentum of the arrow-bow system is equal to the impulse applied to the arrow, and the force applied to the arrow is equal to the recoil force experienced by the bow.
The initial momentum of the arrow-bow system is equal to the mass of the arrow times its velocity. The final momentum of the arrow-bow system is equal to the mass of the bow times its recoil velocity.
The change in momentum of the arrow-bow system is given by:
Δp = pf - pi = (m_bow * v_recoil) - (m_arrow * v_arrow)
The impulse applied to the arrow is equal to the change in momentum of the arrow-bow system:
impulse = Δp = (m_bow * v_recoil) - (m_arrow * v_arrow)
Using the given masses and velocities, we can calculate the impulse:
impulse = (0.0245 kg) * (87.3 m/s) - (0.0272 kg) * (87.3 m/s) = 2.37 Ns
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how much power does it take to lift 55 N 3 m high in 12.00 s
The amount of power it takes to lift 55N 3 m high in 12.00s is 13.75 Watts.
How to calculate power?The power needed to lift an object can be calculated by dividing the work done on the object by the time taken as follows:
Power = work done ÷ time
However, the work done on an object can be calculated by multiplying the force on the object by the distance moved.
Work done = force × distance
Work done = 55N × 3m = 165J
Power = 165J ÷ 12s = 13.75Watts
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Why is it that, relative humidity does not tell us how much water is actually in the air, but tells us how close the air is to being saturated?
The reason why relative humidity does not tell us how much water is actually in the air is because the amount of water vapor that air can hold depends on its temperature and pressure.
What is Relative humidity?
Relative humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount of water vapor that the air can hold at a given temperature and pressure. It is expressed as a percentage and provides information about how close the air is to being saturated with water vapor.
armer air can hold more water vapor than colder air, and air at higher pressure can hold more water vapor than air at lower pressure. Therefore, the same amount of water vapor in the air can result in different relative humilities depending on the temperature and pressure.
For example, on a humid day with a relative humidity of 90%, there may be more water vapor in the air than on a dry day with a relative humidity of 30%. However, the air on the dry day is still capable of holding more water vapor before it becomes saturated. This is because the amount of water vapor that air can hold increases with temperature, so if the dry day is hotter than the humid day, the air may be able to hold more water vapor even though the relative humidity is lower.
In summary, relative humidity is a useful measure of how close the air is to being saturated with water vapor, but it does not provide information about the actual amount of water vapor in the air, which depends on the temperature and pressure.
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Which is matched correctly with its unit of measure?
luminous flux - lumens
illuminance - malus
illuminance - lumens
luminous flux - lux
Correctly matched with its unit of measure is : luminous flux - lumens
What is luminous flux?Luminous flux is also called luminous power. It is is the measure of perceived power of light and it differs from the measure of total power of light emitted, called 'radiant flux'.
In photometry, measure of the perceived power of light is known as luminous flux . It differs from radiant flux, measure of the total power of electromagnetic radiation, in that luminous flux is adjusted to reflect varying sensitivity of human eye to different wavelengths of light.
Lumen is the standard unit of luminous flux and luminous flux is the measure of perceived power of light by human eye and we measure luminous flux in lumens.
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NEEEEDD HELPP...........
a. The total energy is 10.75 J
b. The elastic potential energy at t= 1.25 s is 2.69 J
What is energy?Energy is the ability to do work.
What is elastic potential energy?Elastic potential energy is energy stored in a spring.
a. How to find the total energy of the system?The total energy of the system is the maximum elastic potential energy of the system. It is given by E' = 1/2kx'² where
k = spring constant and x = maximum displacementGiven that
k = 21.5 N/m andx' = 1.0 m (from the graph)Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have that
E = 1/2kx'²
= 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × (1.0 m)²
= 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × 1.0 m²
= 10.75 Nm
= 10.75 J
The total energy is 10.75 J
b. What is the potential energy stored in the system at t = 1.25 s?The potential energy stored in the system is given by
E = 1/2kx² where
k = spring constant and x = displacementAt t = 1.25 s from the graph, x = -0.5 m
Since k = 21.5 N/m, substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have
E = 1/2kx²
E = 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × (-0.5 m)²
E = 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × 0.25 m²
E = 10.75 N/m × 0.25 m²
E = 2.6875 Nm
E = 2.6875 J
E ≅ 2.69 J
The potential energy is 2.69 J
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A 20 kg box moving at an initial speed of 10 m/s slides 25 m to the right on a horizontal floor before it comes to a complete stop.
A concrete floor surface will produce a coefficient for traditional footwear that is high enough (between 0.55 and 70) to eliminate the foreseeable risk of slipping.
What best define about coefficient of friction of the floor?The ratio between the perpendicular force pushing the objects together and the frictional resistive force is known as the coefficient of friction.
The formula for the friction coefficient is = F N, where is the friction coefficient, is the frictional force, and is the normal force.
A numerical value known as the coefficient of friction (fr) is created by dividing the resistive force of friction (Fr), which pushes the objects together, by the normal or perpendicular force (N), which pushes them apart. It is represented by the formula below: fr = Fr/N.
X= 25 m
u = 10m/s
m = 20kg
F= uN
N= mg
[tex]a = \frac{uN}{m} = \frac{umg}{m}[/tex]
a= ug
[tex]v^{2} =u^{2} - 2ax[/tex]
[tex]o= (10)^2 - 2ug (25)[/tex]
[tex]50 ug = (10)^2 = 100[/tex]
[tex]u = \frac{2}{g} = \frac{2}{10} = 0.2[/tex]
Therefore, 0.2 is the coefficient of friction between the box and floor.
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A given gene sequence contains 49 adenine base pairs. How many thymine bases will be included in the rna strand?.
This is because RNA uses uracil instead of thymine, so the complementary base pair for adenine in RNA is uracil, not thymine. Therefore, the RNA strand transcribed from the given gene sequence would contain 49 uracil base pairs, not thymine.
In DNA, adenine always pairs with thymine and cytosine always pairs with guanine. However, in RNA, the base uracil replaces thymine, and adenine always pairs with uracil instead.
Therefore, when a gene sequence containing 49 adenine base pairs is transcribed into an RNA strand, the RNA strand will contain 49 uracil base pairs. This is because each adenine in the DNA strand will pair with a uracil during transcription.
It's important to note that transcription is the process by which DNA is used as a template to create RNA. During transcription, the DNA sequence is "read" by an enzyme called RNA polymerase, which creates an RNA strand by adding nucleotides one at a time in a complementary manner. In this case, the RNA polymerase would add uracil nucleotides to the growing RNA strand to match the adenine nucleotides in the DNA strand.
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Which of the following is an effect of the varying input of solar radiation along the temperate
mid latitudes throughout the year?
Choose 1 answer:
B
Varying solar radiation causes seasonal changes in air temperature but not in
evaporation.
Varying solar radiation causes seasonal changes in evaporation but not air
temperature.
Varying solar radiation does not impact air temperature nor evaporation.
Varying solar radiation causes seasonal changes in air temperature and evaporation.
Varying solar radiation causes seasonal changes in air temperature and evaporation.
What is the effect of the varying input of solar radiation?The amount of solar radiation received by the Earth's surface changes throughout the year due to the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun. In temperate mid-latitudes, this results in seasonal variations in the amount of solar radiation received, which in turn affects both air temperature and evaporation.
During the summer months, the sun is higher in the sky and the length of daylight is longer, resulting in increased solar radiation and higher air temperatures. This increased solar radiation also causes increased evaporation from bodies of water and from the soil, leading to higher levels of atmospheric moisture.
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If q had a different value, would W/q be different or would it have the same value regardless of the value of q? Explain. The electric potential difference AV between two points in an electric field is related to the work W needed to move a charge q from one point to another, and to the change in electric potential energy AU that the system experiences when the charge moves from one point to another: W ΔU ΔV =- 9 9 The SI unit for potential difference is the Volt (V) and potential difference is also frequently called "voltage." 20. Does the potential difference AV between two points in an electric field depend on the electric field (and the charges that created that field), or does it depend on a charge that moves between those two points, or does it depend on both? Explain your reasoning. 21. Two students are discussing their answers to question A20. Megan: The potential difference between two points is the work per unit charge. The electric field determines how much work is done when a charge moves from one point to another. But the value of that moving charge also matters, since q appears in the denominator. If you change the value of q, then you must change the value of W/q. That means the potential difference depends on both the electric field and the value of the charge that moves in that field. Aicha: I agree that the electric field determines W. But if you change q, then you also change the value of W. The amount by which W changes should equal the amount by which q changes, so Wlq should always be the same for an electric field regardless of the value of q. So I think that the potential difference between two points only depends on the electric field, and not on the value of any charge that moves between those points. Do you agree or disagree with either or both of the students? Explain your reasoning 15. Imagine that the electric field in Figure 1 has a magnitude of 20 N/C. Figures 3-5 below show three different paths (dashed lines) that a positive charge q = +3.0 C can take between two points. Find the work done by the electric field on the positive charge for each of these three paths. Show your work. Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 60° 45° 454 30° 1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m 16. Does the work done by the electric field on the charge depend on the path that the charge takes to get from one point to another? 17. If q had a different value, would the work you calculated in question A15 be different or would it have the same value regardless of the value of q? Explain. 18. Calculate the work per unit charge W/q for the three paths you analyzed in question A15.
The effort required to transport a unit charge from a reference point to a specified place in opposition to an electric field is known as the electric potential.
That implies that it is dependent on the charge. As a result, altering q's value will also alter the electric potential's value. In other words, W/value q's will change.
Electric potential is a scalar quantity that represents the amount of electric potential energy per unit charge at a given point in space. It is also known as voltage and is measured in volts (V). Electric potential is created by the presence of electric charges, which can be either positive or negative. A positive charge creates a region of higher electric potential, while a negative charge creates a region of lower electric potential. The movement of electric charges from high potential to low potential is what generates an electric current. Electric potential is a fundamental concept in electricity and plays a crucial role in the design and operation of electrical circuits, devices, and systems.
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In the experiment that student needs to know the mass of four different objects: a shoe, piece of paper,book, and a tissue.which of the following units of measurement should the student use
The unit of measurement the student should use is the gram. The correct option is c.
What are the measurements units?
The International System of Units (SI) uses the gram (formerly gram; SI unit symbol g) as the unit of mass that corresponds to one-thousandth of a kilogram.
A student must know the masses of four different objects for an experiment: a shoe, a piece of paper, a book, and a tissue. The learner should utilize grams as their measurement units.
Therefore, the correct option is c. gram is used to measure the mass of objects and things.
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The question is incomplete. The missing options are given below:
milligram
ounce
gram
kilogram
Consider a ball on a circular track. The ball is slowly coming to a stop which takes 15.0 seconds. At the start, the ball was moving around with 9.13 rad/s. Calculate the angular deceleration if the ball traveled across 90 radians.
The answer should be -0.42 rad/s2
I don't know how to solve it
The angular deceleration of the ball is -0.42 rad/s².
What is angular acceleration?Angular acceleration is a measure of the rate of change of angular velocity of an object rotating about an axis. When an object rotates, its angular velocity (ω) can change as a result of various factors, such as the application of an external torque or the redistribution of mass in the object.
We can use the formula for angular acceleration:
α = (ωf - ωi) / t
where
α is the angular acceleration
ωi is the initial angular velocity
ωf is the final angular velocity (which is zero in this case since the ball comes to a stop)
t is the time it takes for the ball to come to a stop
To find the initial and final angular positions, we can use the formula:
θf - θi = ωi * t + (1/2) * α * t²
where
θi is the initial angular position (0 in this case)
θf is the final angular position (90 radians in this case)
Substtuting the given values, we have:
θf - θi = ωi * t + (1/2) * α * t²
90 - 0 = (9.13 rad/s) * 15 s + (1/2) * α * (15 s)²
Simplifying and solving for α, we get:
α = -0.42 rad/s²
Therefore, the angular deceleration of the ball is -0.42 rad/s².
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The article stated that the deepest crisis is political - the failure of various political institutions in the United States to "promote the public welfare" as promised by the US Constitution. What do you think?
There are certainly significant challenges facing the US political system, and there is a need for reforms that can improve the functioning of government and promote public welfare. However, there is also an ongoing debate about the nature of these challenges and the best path forward to address them.
What institutional failures have hindered the government's ability to address major public policy challenges?Critics of the US political system argue that several institutional failures have hindered the government's ability to address major public policy challenges. For example, some say that the US Congress has become increasingly dysfunctional. In contrast, others point to the role of money in politics, with the influence of wealthy donors and special interest groups limiting the ability of elected officials to act in the public interest.
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You are asked to relocate a sunken boat to be used as an artificial reef. The boat's mass is 4,000Kg and the volume of its solid parts is 3m3. Assume the ocean water density is 1.02g/ml. Approximately, what is the minimal volume of an air bag (in liters) that should be attached to it so it can be lifted under water to be moved to its new location (the air bag weighs 10Kg)?
Nan is upset because she has not lost enough weight to buy the new swimsuit that she had wanted, so she imagines herself on the beach having fun with her friends in her current swimsuit. Nan is using mental images to
Group of answer choices
When the accompanying stimuli are not present, we can alter and reactivate internal representations through mental imagery. This procedure results in the phenomenon known as "seeing with the mind's eye" when it comes to visual mental images. Thus, option B is correct.
What is the use of mental images?Mental imagery is mostly used to simulate potential future events and "relive" previous experiences. According to this viewpoint, imagery ought to be investigated in a variety of cognitive tasks as well as on its own.
Although it is widely used to enhance physical performance, mental imagery can also benefit tasks that need both cognitive and emotional functioning, such as managing emotions and stress or public speaking.
Therefore, change her feelings. Studies have demonstrated that imaging can promote relaxation in the body and mind. Manage depression, stress, and anxiety are other benefits. Help lessen the agony
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The given question is incomplete. The complete question is given below:
Nan is upset because she has not lost enough weight to buy the new swimsuit that she had wanted, so she imagines herself on the beach having fun with her friends in her current swimsuit. Nan is using mental images to
a.
Prepare for some action.
b.
Change her feelings.
c.
Make a decision.
d.
Aid memory.
A child operating a radio-controlled model car on a dock accidentally steers it off the edge. The car’s displacement 1.0s after leaving the dock has a magnitude of 6.5 m. What is the cars speed at the instant it drives off the edge of the dock?
The speed is 6.5 m/s.
What is speed?Speed is a scalar quantity that represents the rate at which an object is moving. It is defined as the distance traveled by an object in a certain amount of time. The formula for speed is:
speed = distance ÷ time
where distance is the total distance traveled by the object and time is the duration of the journey. The unit of speed is usually meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h).
In this case, we would take the speed and the velocity to be the same;
Speed/Velocity = Displacement/Time
= 6.5 m/ 1.0 s
= 6.5 m/s
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In the 2nd lab you were studying water squirting out from a hole in a cylinder filled with water into a tub. Just as a falling ball converts potential energy to kinetic energy, water pressure pushed water out of the hole by converting potential energy per unit volume (density x g x height) to kinetic energy per unit volume (density x velocity^2/2). Assume you have a 20 cm head of water above the hole and that the hole is 40 cm above ground.
How will the water reach by the time it touches the ground (in cm)?
A 1. 20-gram sample of a hydrated salt is heated to a constant mass of 0. 80 gram. What was the percent by mass of water contained in the original sample?.
Water has a mass of 1.20 - 0.80 = 0.40 gram.
The water percentage is (0.40 / 1.20) * 100 = 33 1/3%
Evaporation is the physical process through which water transitions from a liquid to a gaseous state and then returns to the atmosphere as steam. Water in solid form (snow or ice) can also move straight to steam, a process known as sublimation. The word must be defined in a broad sense, including sublimation, to consequences of predicting evaporation losses in a region. Solar radiation supplies the energy required for water molecules to shift states.
Calculations:
Initial mass - ultimate mass of evaporated water
Evaporated water: 1.2 g - 0.8 g
0.4 g = evaporated H20
100% 1.2 g total mass
0.4 g of H20 --> 33.33 %
The initial sample has 33.33% of its mass in water.
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While an object is in projectile motion (with upward being positive) with no air resistance.
Its vertical acceleration is equal to -g, while the horizontal component of its velocity is unchanged.
This is due to the projectile's dual components of vertical and horizontal velocities. But when the item moves, its vertical component of velocity changes but its horizontal component does not.
The projectile's horizontal component of velocity remains constant, therefore it only has a vertical component of acceleration and no horizontal component. The horizontal component of velocity remains unchanged as a result.
Since the only vertical force acting on the object is the weight, the vertical component of acceleration is equal to -g.
Therefore, the vertical component of its acceleration is equal to -g, while the horizontal component of its velocity remains constant.
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A ball is thrown downward with a large starting velocity. Will this accelerate more rapidly than one that is just dropped at the same time?
No, a ball thrown downward with a large starting velocity will not accelerate more rapidly than one that is just dropped at the same time, assuming that both are experiencing the same gravitational field.
Both objects will experience the same b, which is approximately 9.8 m/s^2 near the surface of the Earth. The initial velocity of the thrown ball will only affect its initial speed, but it will not change the acceleration due to gravity.
Therefore, both objects will accelerate at the same rate and will fall at the same speed. However, the thrown ball will cover a greater distance than the dropped ball before hitting the ground, as it has an initial velocity in addition to the acceleration due to gravity.
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How much energy is transferred when the potential difference is 230v and the charge is 200c?.
Answer:
Explanation: E = QV, the energy transferred by the quantity of electric charge by a potential difference of V volts.
Two blocks, M1 and M2, are connected by a massless string that passes over a massless pulley as shown in the figure. M2, which has a mass of 19.0 kg,
rests on a long ramp of angle =25.0∘.
Ignore friction, and let up the ramp define the positive direction.
If the actual mass of M1 is 5.00 kg and the system is allowed to move, what is the acceleration of the two blocks?
What distance does block M2 move in 2.00 s?
Two blocks, M1 and M2, are connected by a massless string that passes over a massless pulley . The distance the block M2 move is 3.44 m.
Calculating the problem:
Given:
M₂ = 19 kg
θ = 29 °
when the system is in equilibrium the net force on the system is zero
Fn = 0 = M₁ × g - M₂ × g × sin(θ)
M₁ = 19 × sin(29) kg
M₁ = 9.21 kg
the mass of M₁ is 9.21 kg
when M₁ = 5 kg
The acceleration of system , a = net force /effective mass
a = (M₂ × g × sin(theta) - M₁ × g )/(M₁ + M₂)
a = 9.81 × ( 19 × sin(29) - 5) /(19 + 5)
a = 1.72 m/s²
The acceleration of system is 1.72 m/s²
for t = 2 s
The distance moved by M₂ , s = 0 + 0.5 × a × t²
s = 0 + 0.5 × 1.72 × 2² m
s = 3.44 m
How much is distance?While distance is the length of an object's path, displacement only refers to the distance between an object's starting point and its final location.
Meter (m) is the SI unit for distance. Centimeters (cm) can be used to measure short distances, and kilometers (km) can be used to measure long distances.
What is mass?A body's mass is the amount of material it contains. The SI unit of mass, the kilogram (kg), is the kilogram. A definition of mass is: Volume x density = mass.
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An electric field of 6.50×105 V/m
is desired between two parallel plates, each of area 45.0 cm2
and separated by 2.45 mm
of air. What charge must be on each plate?
The charge on each plate is 2.608×10⁻⁸ C. Charge is a fundamental physical property of matter that describes the degree to which it interacts with electromagnetic fields.
Describe Charge?
It is an intrinsic property of subatomic particles, such as protons and electrons, that gives rise to electric and magnetic forces.
The basic unit of charge is the Coulomb (C), named after the French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, who first quantified the electric force between charged objects. A single proton or electron has a charge of approximately 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs.
Electric charge is conserved, which means that the total amount of charge in a closed system remains constant over time. Charges can be positive, negative, or neutral, and like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract each other.
The electric field between two parallel plates is given by:
E = V/d
where E is the electric field, V is the potential difference between the plates, and d is the distance between the plates.
In this case, the desired electric field is E = 6.50×10⁵ V/m, and the distance between the plates is d = 2.45 mm = 0.00245 m. So, we can solve for the potential difference between the plates as:
V = Ed = (6.50×10⁵ V/m)(0.00245 m) = 1592.5 V
Since the potential difference between the plates is the same as the potential difference across the capacitor, we can use the formula for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor to find the charge on each plate:
C = ε0A/d
where C is the capacitance, ε0 is the permittivity of free space, A is the area of each plate, and d is the distance between the plates.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
C = (8.85×10⁻¹² F/m)(0.00045 m²)/(0.00245 m) = 1.635×10⁻¹¹ F
Finally, we can find the charge on each plate using the formula:
Q = CV
where Q is the charge on each plate, C is the capacitance, and V is the potential difference between the plates. Plugging in the values we found, we get:
Q = (1.635×10⁻¹¹ F)(1592.5 V) = 2.608×10⁻⁸ C
Therefore, the charge on each plate is 2.608 ×10⁻⁸ C.
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14. A boy of mass m swings back and forth on the end of a rope 6 m long that is attached to a gymnasium ceiling. If he approaches to within 2 m of the ceiling during each cycle, what is his speed as he passes through the lowest point of the swing?
The boy's speed as he passes through the lowest point of the swing is 8.8 m/s.
How to find speed?To solve this problem, we can use the conservation of energy. At the lowest point of the swing, the boy has the maximum gravitational potential energy and no kinetic energy. At the highest point of the swing, he has the maximum kinetic energy and no gravitational potential energy.
Since the energy of the system is conserved, the sum of the gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy must remain constant throughout the swing. Let's call the speed of the boy as he passes through the lowest point of the swing "v".
At the lowest point, the gravitational potential energy is given by:
mgh = (1/2)mv²
where m is the mass of the boy, g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²), and h is the height of the lowest point above the ground (6 m - 2 m = 4 m).
Solving for v:
v = √(2gh) = √(2 x 9.8 x 4) = √(77.76) = 8.8 m/s
So the boy's speed as he passes through the lowest point of the swing is approximately 8.8 m/s.
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What is electric resistance? Describe differet factors which affect electr resistance.
Answer:
That is, electrical resistance–is a force that counteracts the flow of current. In this way, it serves as an indicator of how difficult it is for current to flow. Resistance values are expressed in ohms (Ω). Or electrical Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω). Ohms are named after Georg Simon Ohm (1784-1854), a German physicist who studied the relationship between voltage, current and resistance.
There are four factors that affect the resistance of a wire ( electrical resistant metal ) :
Resistance is proportional to length. If you take a wire of different lengths and give each a particular potential difference across its ends. The longer the wire the less volts each centimeter of it will get. This means that the 'electric slope' that makes the electrons move gets less steep as the wire gets longer, and the average drift velocity of electrons decreases. The correct term for this 'electric slope' is the potential gradient. A smaller potential gradient (less volts per metre) means current decreases with increased length and resistance increases.
Resistance is inversely proportional to cross-sectional-area. The bigger the cross sectional area of the wire the greater the number of electrons that experience the 'electric slope' from the potential difference. As the length of the wire does not change each cm still gets the same number of volts across it - the potential gradient does not change and so the average drift velocity of individual electrons does not change. Although they do not move any faster there are more of them moving so the total charge movement in a given time is greater and current flow increases. This means resistance decreases. This does not give rise to a straight line graph as cross sectional area is inversely proportional to resistance not directly proportional to it
Resistance depends on the material the wire is made of. The more tightly an atom holds on to its outermost electrons the harder it will be to make a current flow. The electronic configuration of an atom determines how willing the atom will be to allow an electron to leave and wander through the lattice. If a shell is almost full the atom is reluctant to let its electrons wander and the material it is in is an insulator. If the outermost shell (or sub-shell with transition metals) is less than half full then the atom is willing to let those electrons wander and the material is a conductor.
Resistance increases with the temperature of the wire. The hotter wire has a larger resistance because of increased vibration of the atomic lattice. When a material gets hotter the atoms in the lattice vibrate more. This makes it difficult for the electrons to move without interaction with an atom and increases resistance. The relationship between resistance and temperature is not a simple one.
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A 4-kg fish swimming at a speed of 2 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish at
rest. The speed of the larger fish after lunch is
6/5 m/s.
1 m/s.
5/6 m/s.
2/5 m/s.
8/5 m/s.
In first case speed of fish will be ⅚ m/s.
In the second case the speed of fish ⅙ m/s
Given data :-
Mass of bigger fish ( m₁ ) = 5 kg
Mass of small fish ( m₂ ) = 1 kg.
Speed of large fish ( v₁ ) = 1 m/s
Mass of bigger fish after eating smaller ones = 5 + 1 = 6 kg.
Case - 1
Momentum of bigger fish before eating the smaller fish = m₁* v₁ = 5 * 1 = 5 kg.m/s
Momentum of bigger fish after eating the larger fish = ( m₁ + m₂)*v
v = speed of bigger fish immediately after lunch.
Using the conservation of momentum.
m₁* v₁ = ( m₁ + m₂)*v
5 = 6 * v
v = m/s.
Case -2
Speed of small fish = 4 m/s
Momentum of bigger fish before lunch = 5 kg.m/s
Momentum of smaller fish before lunch = 4*1 = 4 kg.m/s
Net momentum before lunch = 5 - 4 = 1 kg.m/s
Momentum of bigger fish after eating the larger fish = 6 * V
Using the conservation of momentum.
1 = 6 * V
V = m/s.
What is conservation of momentum?
This indicates that a conserved quantity is represented by a variable in an equation that is constant over time. Its value is the same whether an event occurs before or after it.In physics, there are a lot of conserved quantities. For making forecasts in what would otherwise be exceedingly complex situations, they are frequently remarkably useful. There are three fundamental quantities in mechanics that are conserved. These include angular momentum, momentum, and energy. Most often, collisions between objects are described using the principle of conservation of momentum.To know more about conservation of momentum, click the link given below:
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A 12.5 m boom, AB, of a crane lifting a 3,000 kg load is shown below. The center of mass of the boom is at its geometric center, and the mass of the boom is 1,400 kg. For the position shown, calculate the following. tension T in the cable (in N) N the force at the axle A (Give the magnitude in newtons and the direction in degrees counterclockwise from the +x-axis. Assume that the +x-axis is to the right.) magnitude N direction
The force at the axle A is 35,903 N, in the direction 60 degrees counterclockwise from the +x-axis.
Describe Distance?Distance is a numerical measurement of how far apart two points are. It is a scalar quantity that represents the length of the path traveled between two points in space, regardless of the direction. Distance is typically measured in units such as meters, kilometers, miles, or feet. It is an important concept in physics, as it is used in many physical calculations, such as those involving speed, velocity, and acceleration. It is also a fundamental concept in everyday life, as it is used to describe the separation between two objects or locations.
To solve this problem, we need to use the principle of moments. The sum of moments about any point is equal to zero when the object is in static equilibrium.
First, let's find the distance from point A to the center of mass of the boom. We can use the fact that the boom is uniform and its center of mass is at the geometric center.
distance from A to center of mass = 12.5 m / 2 = 6.25 m
Let's take point A as the pivot point for calculating the moments. Then, the moment due to the tension T in the cable is:
moment due to T = T * 12.5 m
The moment due to the weight of the boom is:
moment due to boom =[tex]1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 6.25 m[/tex]
The moment due to the weight of the load is:
moment due to load = [tex]3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 12.5 m[/tex]
Since the system is in static equilibrium, the sum of these moments must be equal to zero:
[tex]T * 12.5 m - 1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 6.25 m - 3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 12.5 m = 0[/tex]
Solving for T, we get:
[tex]T = (1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 6.25 m + 3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 12.5 m) / 12.5 T = 41475 N[/tex]
So the tension in the cable is 41,475 N.
To find the force at the axle A, we can use the fact that the sum of forces in the x and y directions must be equal to zero, since the system is in static equilibrium. Let's take the +x axis to the right and the +y axis upward.
The forces in the x direction are:
[tex]T * cos(30°) - N = 0The forces in the y direction are:T * sin(30°) + 1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 + 3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 = 0Solving for N, we get:N = T * cos(30°) = 41475 N * cos(30°) = 35903 N[/tex]
So the force at the axle A is 35,903 N, in the direction 60 degrees counterclockwise from the +x-axis.
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What is the spring constant for a supermarket scale that stretches 0. 01 m when a force of 4 n is applied? n/m what is the displacement of a spring if it has a spring constant of 10 n/m, and a force of 2. 5 n is applied? m.
400 N/m is the spring constant for a supermarket scale that stretches 0. 01 m when a force of 4N is applied. 0.25 m is the displacement of a spring if it has a spring constant of 10 n/m, and a force of 2. 5N is applied.
Hooke's Law states that as a spring is extended, the force exerted is proportional to the increase in length from the equilibrium length. The spring constant may be computed as follows:
k = F/x,
where,
k is the spring constant.
F represents the force,
x represents the change in spring length.
Now,
k = F/x
F = k × x
4 N = k × 0.01 M
k = 400 N/M
The spring constant is the proportional constant k. It is a measure of the stiffness of the spring. When a spring is stretched or compressed by an amount x from its equilibrium length, it produces a force F = -kx in the direction of its equilibrium position.
Now,
F = -kx
x = -F/k
[tex]x = \frac{2.5\ N}{10\ N/m}[/tex]
x = 0.25 m
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3. The Impact was the first commercial electric car to be developed in over 60
years. During performance tests in 1994, the car reached a top speed of nearly
296 km/h. Suppose the car started at rest and then underwent a constant
acceleration of 1.6 m/s² until it reached its top speed. How long did it take the
Impact to reach its top speed?
According to the question, the impact of an electric car to reach its top speed is found to be 51 sec.
What is Acceleration?Acceleration may be defined as the process of the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time. It is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.
According to the question,
The acceleration of an electric car = 1.6 m/s²
The speed of an electric car = is 296 km/hour = 1000 m/hour. = 82.2 m/sec.
The acceleration of any moving object is calculated with the help of the following formula:
Acceleration, a = change in velocity/time taken.1.6 m/s² = 82.20 - 0/t
t = 51.45 sec ≅ 51 seconds.
Therefore, the impact of an electric car to reach its top speed is found to be 51 sec.
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13. A pendulum bob of mass 5 kg is displaced from the vertical until it is 0.25 m above its lowest point. Upon release, it rises to a height of 0.24 m on the other side. How much energy was lost due to friction? Assuming half the total energy loss takes place during the downward swing, with what speed does the bob pass though its lowest point?
The speed of the pendulum bob at its lowest point is 1.92 m/s.
Speed of pendulum calculation explained.Assuming no energy is lost due to air resistance, the total energy of the pendulum is conserved.
Let h be the maximum height the pendulum rises on the right side, and assume that the displacement from the vertical is small enough that we can use the small-angle approximation sin θ ≈ θ. Then, the potential energy of the pendulum at the maximum height is:
U = mgh
where m is the mass of the bob, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h = 0.24 m.
Similarly, the potential energy of the pendulum at its highest point on the left side is:
U' = mgh'
where h' = 0.25 m.
Since the total energy is conserved, the kinetic energy of the pendulum at its lowest point is equal to the initial potential energy:
K = U - ΔU
where ΔU is the energy lost due to friction. Since half the total energy loss takes place during the downward swing, we have:
ΔU = (1/2)U
Substituting the values, we get:
K = mgh - (1/2)U
K = (5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.24 m) - (1/2)(5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.24 m)
K = 5.76 J
At the lowest point, all of this energy is in the form of kinetic energy:
K = (1/2)mv^2
where v is the speed of the bob at the lowest point.
Substituting the values, we get:
5.76 J = (1/2)(5 kg)v^2
Solving for v, we get:
v = sqrt(2K/m)
v = sqrt(2(5.76 J)/(5 kg))
v = 1.92 m/s
Therefore, the speed of the pendulum bob at its lowest point is 1.92 m/s.
To find the energy lost due to friction, we can use the conservation of energy again:
U - ΔU = U' + ΔU'
ΔU + ΔU' = U - U'
Substituting the values, we get:
ΔU + ΔU' = (5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.25 m) - (5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.24 m)
ΔU + ΔU' = 4.905 J
Since half the energy loss occurs during the downward swing, we have:
ΔU = (1/2)(4.905 J)
ΔU = 2.453 J
The energy lost due to friction is approximately 2.453 J.
Therefore, The total energy of the pendulum at any point is given by the sum of its potential energy and kinetic energy. At the highest point, the pendulum has only potential energy, and at the lowest point, it has only kinetic energy.
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Using the objects around you right now as your frame of
reference, you cannot tell that the Earth is moving.
What evidence would you need to collect in order to prove
that the Earth is in motion?
EXTRA HELP
Where should you position yourself in space in order to see
the Earth spinning?
What would you use as a frame of reference?
Scientists use the movement of pendulums to provide evidence that the Earth is rotating the moon's position in space in order to see the Earth spinning
What is the evidence of Earth's movement?The quickest observational evidence for Earth's orbital motion is the evident shift of nearby stars after six months, as the Earth moves from one side of Earth's its orbit to the other. Because of the large interval to even the nearest star, this parallax shift is to move small to be seen without a telescope.
Time subjection cameras show circular paths of star trails showing the Earth is rotating. The winds on the Earth curve evince the Earth is moving. proving the Earth is rotating.
So we can conclude that Pendulum's swing and swap direction prove the Earth is rotating.
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