A bond that is formed between an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom with a positive dipole is called a Hydrogen Bond.
Hydrogen bonding is a special and important type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, unlike a covalent bond, to a hydrogen atom. It results from the attractive force existing between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom such as a Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine atoms or any other very electronegative atom. Hydrogen bond strengths range from 4 kJ(kilojoule) to 50 kJ per mole of hydrogen bonds.
In molecules containing bonds of N-H, O-H or F-H, the large difference in electronegativity between the H atom and the other atoms of N, O or F leads to a highly polar covalent bond (i.e., a bond dipole).
Because of the difference in electronegativities of the atoms, the H atom bears a large partial positive charge and the other electronegative atoms of N, O or F bear a large partial negative charge.
Some examples of molecules or compounds having hydrogen bonding are as follows.
Water - A water molecule is composed of a highly electronegative atom of oxygen linked to the polar positive hydrogen atom.Ammonia - The hydrogen bonds in ammonia (NH3) molecule are formed between nitrogen and hydrogen atoms.Hydrogen FluorideCarboxylic Acid, etc.Learn more about Hydrogen Bond here:
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Which one of the following is not true concerning cathode rays? They travel in straight lines in the absence of electric or magnetic fields. They originate from the negative electrode. They are made up of electrons. They impart a negative charge to metals exposed to them. The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted.
The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted is the false statement concerning cathode rays. The correct answert is E.
These are the traits of cathode rays:
Cathode rays travel from the cathode to the anode.Although these rays cannot be seen directly, their behavior can be studied using phosphor materials like ZnS. These rays move in a straight line in the absence of an electrical or magnetic field.The behavior of cathode rays is consistent with what is predicted for negatively charged particles in the presence of an electrical or magnetic field, indicating that cathode rays are made up of electrons, which are negatively charged particles.The material of the electrodes and the kind of gas present in the cathode ray tube have no bearing on the characteristics of cathode rays (electrons).Learn more about cathode ray at https://brainly.com/question/13665271
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14. Contrast how Beryllium and Fluorine will each follow the "octet rule." Be sure to explain how their charges are
affected by this change:
Since beryllium only possesses two valence electrons, exchanging electrons is often not how an octet rule is formed. Two solitary covalent bonds between the elements beryllium and hydride (BeH2) make up the Lewis structure of the gaseous compound.
What causes BeCl2 to break the octet rule?Dots are used to represent the three pairs of unpaired electrons on chlorine. It only has three pairs of electrons in the valence shell of boron. Because some atoms do not have full octets, molecules like BeCl2 and BCl3 are referred to as electron deficient.
Does beryllium have a lower octet count?It is known that beryllium can form compounds in which it is encircled by less than eight electrons. This is an acceptable solution because B Sulfur can hold more than an octet.
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Is PCl5 polar or nonpolar molecule?.
PCl5 is a polar molecule. In order to determine whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar, we need to consider the arrangement of atoms within the molecule and the electron-pair geometry.
PCl5 is a symmetric molecule; it has a trigonal bipyramidal shape, which is characterized by the presence of five chlorine atoms around the central phosphorus atom. However, the electron-pair geometry around the phosphorus atom is only tetrahedral. This is because one of the pairs of electrons on the phosphorus atom is involved in forming a bond with a chlorine atom.
The symmetry of the molecule and the difference in electronegativity between the phosphorus and chlorine atoms result in a polar molecule. The chlorine atoms pull the electrons in the covalent bonds towards themselves, creating a partial negative charge on the chlorine atoms and a partial positive charge on the phosphorus atom. The net dipole moment of PCl5 is not zero, which confirms the polarity of the molecule.
In summary, PCl5 is a polar molecule due to the difference in electronegativity between the phosphorus and chlorine atoms and the asymmetry of the molecule. The electrons are pulled towards the chlorine atoms, creating a partial positive charge on the phosphorus atom and a partial negative charge on the chlorine atoms.
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How many molecules are present in 2. 5 moles of water H2O?.
There are 1.5055 x10²⁴ molecules in 2. 5 mol of O₂
To determine the total number of atoms or molecules in the sample, multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's constant. The formula is:
number of molecule= moles x avogadro's number
The same amount of different gases measured at the same pressure and temperature each have the same number of molecules, one mole of matter has 6.022 x 10²³ atoms.
number of molecule= moles x avogadro's number
number of molecule= 2. 5 mol x 6.022x10²³
number of molecule= 1.5055 x10²⁴
Therefore, there are 1.5055 x10²⁴ molecules in 2. 5 mol of O₂
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When 16.5 g of calcium carbonate react with an excess of hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water vapor are produced. Write the equation. What is the theoretical yield of carbon dioxide
One mole of calcium carbonate reacts with 2 moles of HCl forms one mole of calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide each. The theoretical yield of calcium chloride from 16.5 g of calcium carbonate is 18.3 g.
What is theoretical yield ?Theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product that is calculated theoretically calculated based on the balanced chemical equation.
The balanced equation of the reaction between calcium carbonate and HCl is given as follows:
[tex]\rm CaCO_{3} + 2HCl \rightarrow CaCl_{2} + CO_{2} + H_{2}O[/tex]
Molar mass of calcium carbonate = 100 g/mol
molar mass of calcium chloride = 111 g/mol
Hence, 100 g of calcium carbonate produce 111 g of calcium chloride. Then, mass of calcium chloride from 16.5 g is:
(111× 16.5) /100 = 18.3 g.
Therefore, the theoretical yield of the reaction is 18.3 g of calcium chloride.
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The mass number is always found by:
protons + electrons
protons + neutrons
neutrons + electrons
protons + neutrons + electrons
Answer: The answer is protons + neutrons!
Explanation: mass number = protons + neutrons.
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when chlorine is bubbled through sodium hydroxide solution, it makes bleach, NaOCl.
how much chlorine is needed to covert 100g of sodium hydroxide solution into bleach?
2Na+Cl2 --> NaOCl+NaCl+H2O
relative atomic masses (Ar): Na=23 O=16 H=1 Cl=35.5
What is the mass of chlorine?
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The mass of chlorine that is needed to convert 100g of sodium hydroxide solution into bleach is 88.75 g.
What mass of chlorine is needed to convert 100g of sodium hydroxide solution into bleach?The mass of chlorine that is needed to convert 100g of sodium hydroxide solution into bleach is determined from the equation of the reaction g9ven below:
2 NaOH + Cl₂ ---> NaCl + NaClO + H₂O
Based on the chemical equation, we need 2 moles of Sodium Hydroxide for every mole of Chlorine.
Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol
Molar mass of Cl₂ = 71.0 g/mol
Mass of chlorine required = 100/40 * 1/2 * 71
Mass of chlorine required = 88.75 g of chlorine
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What is the mass of moles of H2O?.
The mass of moles of H₂O (water) = 18.02 grams.
The method the mass of any molecule, formula unit, or ion is equal to the sum of the average atomic masses of all the atoms in its formula.
H's average atomic mass is 1.01 amu.
O's average atomic mass is 16.00 amu.
Hence,
2 H atoms = 1.01 amu / 1 H atom = 2.02 amu
1 O atoms = 16.00 amu / 1 O atom = 16 amu
2.02 amu + 16 amu = 18.02 amu
So, the mass of moles of H₂O (water) = 18.02 amu = 18.02 grams.
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Which compound will precipitate when solutions of iron(ii) acetate, fe(c2h3o2)2, and potassium iodide (ki) are mixed?.
Iron(II) iodide will precipitate when solutions of iron(ii) acetate, fe(c2h3o2)2, and potassium iodide (ki) are mixed.
Define precipitate.
Precipitate is a solid that is created when a solution changes, frequently as a result of a chemical reaction or a shift in temperature that makes a solid less soluble. A precipitate in meteorology is either liquid or solid water.
Fe(C 2H 3O 2) 2 + KI → K(C 2H 3O 2 ) 2 + FeI 2
An insoluble substance that separates from a liquid solution is referred to as a precipitate. Precipitation is the process through which an insoluble solid emerges from a solution.
The inorganic substance iron(II) iodide has the formula FeI2. In organic processes, it serves as a catalyst. Iron (II) iodide is thought to be insoluble in aqueous solutions. We can categorize it as a precipitation reaction because of this.
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which size of micropipette would you select to deliver 215 microliters?
The size of micropipette that you would select to deliver 215 microliters would be a micropipette with a volume range of 200-1000 microliters.
What is a micropipette?
A micropipette is a laboratory instrument used to measure and dispense small volumes of liquid, typically in the range of microliters (µL) or nanoliters (nL). They are commonly used in chemistry, biology, and biochemistry experiments, as well as in clinical and industrial settings.
Micropipettes consist of a handle, a digital or manual volume adjustment mechanism, and a tip that is placed into the liquid to be dispensed. They work by creating a vacuum or positive pressure inside the tip, which draws or pushes the liquid out of the tip.
Micropipettes come in different volume ranges and it is important to select the right one to ensure accurate delivery of the desired volume. For example, a micropipette with a volume range of 2-10 microliters would not be suitable for delivering 215 microliters, while a micropipette with a volume range of 200-1000 microliters would be more appropriate.
It's also important to note that, even if the micropipette is able to deliver 215 microliters, you should always check the calibration of the micropipette before use, to make sure that it's delivering the correct volume.
Hence, a micropipette with a volume range of 200-1000 microliters is suitable to deliver 215 microliters.
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23. Boron combined with oxygen during glass making, creates glass that is *
O bluish in color
O shatter proof
O flexible
O heat resistant
Answer: heat resistant
Boron oxide is added to glass during the manufacturing process, it causes the glass to have a blue tint, increases its strength, and makes it more resistant to breaking and shattering, also increases the heat resistance of glass and makes it more flexible, allowing it to be bent without breaking.
which unit is closest in size to the radius of an atom
An atom's radius is well under 1 nanometer, or one billionth of a meter.
What is an atom?An atom is a matter particle that defines a chemical element uniquely. An atom is made up of a central nucleus and one or more negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is positively charged and contains one or more protons and neutrons, which are relatively heavy particles.An element is made up of only one type of atom. Atoms are further subdivided into subatomic particles known as electrons, protons, and neutrons. Chemical reactions allow elements to combine to form molecules.The distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms bonded together is used to calculate atomic radius. Atoms' atomic radius decreases from left to right across a period. Atoms' atomic radius generally increases from top to bottom within the atom.To learn more about atom refer to :
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Compared with solid ionic compounds, solid molecular compounds generally...
A) have lower melting points
B) are more brittle
C) are harder
D) conduct electricity as liquids
A) have lower melting points. Compared with solid ionic compounds, solid molecular compounds generally have lower melting points.
Ionic compounds are held together by the electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions, while molecular compounds are held together by weaker van der Waals forces between neutral molecules. The strong electrostatic forces in ionic compounds give them high melting and boiling points, while the weaker intermolecular forces in molecular compounds result in lower melting and boiling points. Due to this reason, solid molecular compounds generally have lower melting points than solid ionic compounds. The strong ionic bonds in ionic compounds require more energy to overcome in order to melt or boil the compound, while the weaker intermolecular forces in molecular compounds are easier to overcome.
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Where are all the noble gases found in the periodic table?
A. Period 1 B. Period 7 C. Group 1 D. Group 18
All the noble gases are found in Group 18 of the periodic table. Hence, Option D is the correct answer
The noble gases are a group of elements found in the periodic table. They are characterized by their stability and low reactivity. The noble gases are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. All these elements are located in the same group in the Periodic Table, Group 18, also known as the "inert gases" group. They are located on the far right-hand side of the table, and they have the highest electron configurations, which makes them chemically unreactive.
In summary, the noble gases are found in Group 18 of the periodic table and they are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.
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What is energy consumption in cloud?.
Energy consumption in the cloud refers to the amount of energy used by data centers and other infrastructure that provide cloud computing services.
This includes the energy used to power servers, cooling systems, and networking equipment, as well as the energy used to transport data over networks.
As cloud computing has become increasingly popular, energy consumption has become a significant concern for both cloud providers and users, as the energy required to run data centers can be substantial. To mitigate this, cloud providers are investing in more energy-efficient technologies and practices, such as using renewable energy sources and implementing more efficient cooling systems.
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Is h2 o2 polar or nonpolar?.
H2O2 is a polar molecule. The oxygen atoms in H2O2 have a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge, giving it a dipole moment and making it polar.
H2O2 is a molecule that contains two oxygen atoms and two hydrogen atoms. The chemical formula of H2O2 is H-O-O-H. The two oxygen atoms in the molecule are bonded together by a covalent bond, and each oxygen atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom by a covalent bond.
Due to the presence of two oxygen atoms in the molecule, the H2O2 molecule has a polar nature.
This is because oxygen atoms are more electronegative than hydrogen atoms, which means that the oxygen atoms will have a stronger pull on the electrons in the covalent bonds.
This causes the electrons in the covalent bonds between the oxygen atoms and the hydrogen atoms to be unevenly distributed, giving the molecule a partial negative charge on the oxygen atoms and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms. This uneven distribution of electrons creates a dipole moment in the molecule, making it polar.
In summary, a molecule's polarity is determined by the difference in electronegativity of its constituent atoms and the molecular shape. In the case of H2O2, the molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between the oxygen atoms and the hydrogen atoms, which causes an uneven distribution of electrons in the molecule and a dipole moment.
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when was the last time a third-party candidate won any electoral votes?
The last third-party candidate to win one or more states was George Wallace of the American Independent Party in 1968.
Who was George Wallace?
Born in Clio, Wallace attended the University of Alabama School of Law and served in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II. After the war, he won election to the Alabama House of Representatives and served as a state judge.He first sought the Democratic nomination in the 1958 Alabama gubernatorial election. Initially a moderate on racial issues, Wallace adopted a hardline segregationist stance after losing the 1958 nomination.To know more about George Wallace, click the link given below:
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How many total molecules are in o2?.
There are two molecules of oxygen (O2) in one molecule of O2.
Oxygen (O2) is a molecule made up of two atoms of oxygen. These atoms are bonded together using a covalent bond, which means they share electrons. The molecular formula of O2 is O2, which means that there are two atoms of oxygen in one molecule of O2.
Because of this, there are a total of 2 oxygen atoms and 2 molecules of O2. Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is essential for life and is found in the Earth's atmosphere. It is also used in many industrial processes, such as combustion and respiration, and is a key component of the Earth's carbon cycle.
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group 10,period 6 name element
Hey there!
Answer:
Platinum (Pt) is the element in group 10, period 6, on the Periodic Table with the atomic number 78. The element is a heavy, malleable, ductile, grey-white transition metal, used in various ways.
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N₂ + H₂=NH3
What volume of hydrogen is necessary to react with 8.0 L of nitrogen to produce ammonia at STP?
The rate of concentration change for hydrogen in the reaction N2 + 3H2 +NH3 is -0.3x10-4 Ms-1.
What is the limiting reactant of N2 3H2 --> NH3?N2(g)+3H2(g) NH3 (g) If equal amounts of each reactant are utilised, hydrogen will be the limiting agent because it takes 3 moles of hydrogen to produce 1 mole of ammonia.The mole ratio for ammonia and nitrogen gas is 2:1, as illustrated by the chemical equation for ammonia generation in figure 1.NPC:N Ratio Calculation in a Parenteral Nutrition Tutorial. Following are the calculations for the nonprotein kcalorie to nitrogen ratio (NPC:N): Calculate the amount of nitrogen you consume each day (1 g N = 6.25 g protein). Subtract grammes of nitrogen from the overall nonprotein kcals. It is the ratio of a substance's mass of carbon to nitrogen (in this case, soil).To learn more about change refer to:
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The pressure on a 30 mL sample of an ideal gas increases from 400 K to 1600 K at a
constant pressure. The new volume is?
A 30 mL sample of an ideal gas experiences a continuous pressure increase as the temperature rises from 400 K to 1600 K. The new volume exists 0.015 L.
What is meant by Boyle's Law?Boyle's Law is a gas law that establishes a relationship between pressure and volume of a specific quantity of gas at a fixed temperature.
According to the statement, "The volume occupied by a given gas mass at constant temperature is inversely proportional to the pressure," the volume falls and grows as the pressure changes.
Boyle's law is expressed mathematically as:
Pressure × Volume = constant
or PV = k
If a change in pressure or volume occurs at a constant temperature, the following is true:
P1 × V1 = P2 × V2
The pressure and volume in state 1 are P1 and V1, while the pressure and volume in state 2 are P2 and V2.
In other words, the final pressure divided by the final volume is equal to the product of the starting pressure and the original volume.
P1 = 101.3 kPa = 101,300 Pa (being 1 kPa = 1,000 Pa)
V1 = 30 mL = 0.03 L (1 L = 1,000 mL)
P2 = 202.6 kPa = 202,600 Pa
101,300 Pa × 0.03 L=202,600 Pa × V2
simplifying the above equation we get
[tex]$& V 2=\frac{101,300 P a * 0.03 \mathrm{~L}}{202,600 P a} \\[/tex]
V 2 = 0.015 L
The new volume is 0.015 L.
The complete question is:
The pressure on 30 milliliter of an ideal gas increases from 101.3 kPa to 202.6 kPa at constant temperature. What is the new volume?
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What is meant by 2 h2o?.
Answer:
2 atoms of Hydrogen and 1 atom of Oxygen comprises to form the water molecule. To show the two atoms of Hydrogen we use subscript 2.
Explanation:
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the stem of a meat thermometer shall be constructed of
They feature glass or metal stems and are liquid-filled thermometers. The colored liquid inside the stem expands and rises as the food's internal temperature rises, providing a scale-based indication of the temperature. False high readings can occur as a result of heat conduction in the metal stems.
What's the ideal amount of time to insert a bimetallic stemmed thermometer?For them to accurately record the temperature, it can take up to two minutes. The bimetal stem thermometer can precisely gauge the temperature of meals that are quite deep or thick, including beef roasts and items cooked in stockpots.They feature glass or metal stems and are liquid-filled thermometers. The colored liquid inside the stem expands and rises as the food's internal temperature rises, providing a scale-based indication of the temperature. False high readings can occur as a result of heat conduction in the metal stems.The colored liquid inside the stem expands and rises as the food's internal temperature rises, providing a scale-based indication of the temperature. False high readings can occur as a result of heat conduction in the metal stems.To learn more about thermometers refer to:
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Which type of reaction is ch4 O2 → co2 H2O an example of?
How many ions do
lithium chloride, iron(111) oxide ,
Copper sulphate, calcium chloride and zinc hydroxide have (individually)
One lithium cation Li+ and one chlorine anion Cl- combine to form the molecule. Lithium chloride has a molar mass of 42.39 g/m.
A chemical is what?
A type of matter that has a consistent chemical composition and recognizable properties is referred to as a chemical substance.
A chemical substance cannot be physically separated into its component parts, that is, without rupturing the chemical bonds, according to some.
Simple substances (substances made up of just one chemical element), chemical compounds, and alloys are all examples of chemicals.
Any material with a known composition is considered to be a chemical. So a chemical always contains the same "stuff," to put it another way. Natural substances like water contain certain chemicals. There are also manufactured chemicals like chlorine, which is used in swimming pools or to bleach fabrics.
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Please help!!! [picture provided]
Answer: All of the nonmetals are found to the right side of the zigzag line!
Explanation:
The little yellow highlighted zig-zag line separates the metals from the non-metals, the nonmetals can be found to the right of the line!!
For the compound fecl3, we can, with the aid only of a periodic table, determine its
a. molarity and molar mass
b. mass percentage
c. molar mass and molecular formula
d. mass percentage, molar mass, and empirical formula
From the periodic table, we can find the molar mass and the molecular formula. Option C.
What can we see from the periodic table?We can see that we can be able to locate several elements in the periodic table. In the periodic table of the elements, the elements can be classified in groups and periods.
The groups tell us the number of the valence electrons that we can be able to find in the atom that we are looking at. Now we know that the valency of iron and chlorine can be read off from the periodic table as well as the masses of the elements and this can help us to find the molar mass and the molecular formula.
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Ayala is making salad dressing. She mixes oil and vinegar in a blender until a smooth consistency is formed. Explain whether this is a heterogeneous or a homogeneous mixture and why. Exsplain
This is a homogeneous mixture. A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are evenly distributed throughout the mixture, meaning that all parts of the mixture have the same composition.
In this case, the oil and vinegar are mixed together in a blender until a smooth consistency is formed. This means that the oil and vinegar are evenly distributed throughout the mixture, creating a uniform composition throughout the entire mixture.
This is different from a heterogeneous mixture, in which the components are not evenly distributed, resulting in a mixture that has different compositions in different parts. For example, a salad with mixed greens, cherry tomatoes, cucumbers, and croutons is a heterogeneous mixture, as the ingredients are not evenly distributed throughout the salad.
While at your couin’ BBQ you notice a rock in the yard and take it home. You determine the rock ha a ma of 2. 5 kg and a volume of 4000 mL. What i the denity of the rock in kg/m^3?
The density of the rock calculated by using the density formulas is 0.625 kg/m^3.
To find the density of the rock, we need to divide its mass by its volume. The equation for density is:
Density = Mass / Volume
We are given the mass of the rock as 2.5 kg and the volume as 4000 mL. To use these units in the equation, we will need to convert the volume from milliliters to cubic meters.
1mL = 0.001 m^3
So, 4000 mL = 4 m^3
Then, we can substitute these values into the equation and solve for density:
Density = 2.5 kg / 4 m^3 = 0.625 kg/m^3
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What gas is not used during fermentation ?
Fermentation does not require oxygen as it is an anaerobic process. If oxygen is present, pyruvate will be completely oxidized to water and carbon dioxide molecules by some yeast species spiration. On the other hand, yeast species will produce ethanol only in an anaerobic environment by a process called Pasteur Effect.
What is fermentationFermentation is a process of energy production in cells with a state anaerobic (without oxygen) that produces changes in organic biochemistry through the action of enzymes. Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration in general, but there is a more precise definition that defines fermentation as respiration in an anaerobic environment without the presence of an external electron acceptor. Examples of fermentation can be found in bread making, wine (beer) and cheese making.
Sugar is a common ingredient in fermentation. Some examples of fermented products are ethanol, lactic acid and hydrogen. However, several other components can also be produced from fermentation, such as butyric acid and acetone. Yeast is a common fermenting agent used to produce ethanol in beer, wine, and other alcoholic beverages. Anaerobic respiration (without external electron acceptor) in mammalian muscles during hard work can be classified as a form of fermentation which produces lactic acid as a by-product. This accumulation of lactic acid can cause muscle fatigue.
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