A buffer is made by dissolving HC₂H₃O₂ and NaC₂H₃O₂ In water. The equation that shows how this buffer neutralise acid added is
H⁺ + CH₃COO⁻ ⇄ CH₃COOH. The equation that shows how this buffer neutralises added base is H⁺ +OH⁻ ⇄ H₂O
Processes of dissociation in the solution containing weak CH₃COOH acid and its salt:
CH₃COOH ⇄ H⁺ + CH₃COO⁻ Ka = 1.8 X 10⁻⁵
CH₃COONa ⇄ Na⁺ + CH₃COO⁻
At addition of acid in solution ions of hydrogen comunicate in weak acid:
H⁺ + CH₃COO⁻ ⇄ CH₃COOH.
At addition of the basis in solution ions of hydroxide comunicate in weak electrolyte - water: H⁺ +OH⁻ ⇄ H₂O
Therefore, the equation that shows how this buffer neutralise acid added is H⁺ + CH₃COO⁻ ⇄ CH₃COOH. The equation that shows how this buffer neutralises base added is H⁺ +OH⁻ ⇄ H₂O
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Is NaCl a nonpolar covalent bond?.
No, NaCl is not a nonpolar covalent bond. NaCl, also known as table salt, is an ionic compound, not a covalent compound.
Ionic compounds are formed when a metal and a nonmetal combine, and the bond between them is an ionic bond. In the case of NaCl, the sodium atom donates an electron to the chlorine atom, creating a positive ion (Na+) and a negative ion (Cl-), which are held together by the electrostatic attraction between the ions.
Covalent compounds, on the other hand, are formed when nonmetal atoms share electrons in order to fill their valence shells. Covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar. A polar covalent bond occurs when the electrons are not shared equally between the atoms. In contrast, a nonpolar covalent bond occurs when the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, creating a symmetrical distribution of electron density.
In summary, NaCl is an ionic compound formed by the combination of a metal (Na) and a nonmetal (Cl) by an ionic bond, not a covalent bond, and it is not a polar or nonpolar covalent bond.
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describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter.
The process of triangulation to locate an epicenter are as follows.
What is triangulation?
Triangulation is a method used in surveying, navigation, and geography to determine the location of a point by measuring angles to it from known points at either end of a fixed baseline, rather than measuring distances to the point directly. This can be done by measuring angles to the point from two or more fixed locations, and then using trigonometry to calculate the position of the point.
Here is the general process of triangulation to locate an epicenter:
Seismographs, which are instruments that measure ground motion, are set up in different locations around the area of the earthquake.The time at which the earthquake's seismic waves are recorded by each seismograph is noted.Using the time difference between when the seismic waves were recorded at each seismograph, the distance from the epicenter to each seismograph can be calculated.These distances, along with the location of each seismograph, are then used to triangulate the location of the epicenter.This process can be done mathematically, by creating circles with radius equal to the calculated distance from the epicenter to each seismograph and finding the point at which the circles intersect.The intersection point is the estimated location of the epicenter.By following the above ways you can use the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter.
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which water should you use for the water bath during the recrystallization?
Answer:
Tap Water. Yes, Tap water
How many molecules are in 1. 8 moles of water?.
Answer:
1.08 x 10^24
Explanation:
The number of molecules in a given amount of a substance can be determined by using Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 particles per mole.
To find the number of molecules in 1.8 moles of water, you would use the following calculation:
1.8 moles x 6.022 x 10^23 particles/mole = 1.0839 x 10^24 molecules
So there are about 1.08 x 10^24 molecules in 1.8 moles of water.
The equilibrium equation below shows ammonia hydroxide NH4OH decomposing into ammonium ions NH4 and hydroxide OH ions when is a system in equilibrium 
The equilibrium constant is 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ . The equilibrium equation below shows NH₄OH +H ⇌NH₄+H₂O
Calculating the equation:
Kw= 1 × 10⁻¹⁴
K= K× K` = 1.8× 10⁻⁵
How does equilibrium work?Chemical equilibrium is the state in which the reactants and products are present at concentrations that no longer tend to change over time, so that the system's properties cannot be seen to change.When the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction, this condition occurs.In most cases, the forward and reverse reaction rates are the same, not zero.As a result, the concentrations of reactants and products do not change significantly. Dynamic equilibrium is the term for such a state.Learn more about equilibrium equation:
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The groundwater in a certain area i being pumped out to provide drinking water. What mut happen for the water table to remain unchanged
For the water table to remain unchanged in an area where groundwater is being pumped out, the rate at which water is being pumped out must be equal to the rate at which water is being replenished through natural processes such as precipitation and surface water infiltration.
Key points:
Groundwater is water that is found underground in the spaces between rocks and soil.It can be pumped out using wells to provide drinking water, irrigation, and other uses.The water table is the level of underground water that can be found in an area.When the water is pumped out, the water table drops.To keep the water table unchanged, the rate of water pumped out must be equal to the rate of water replenishment by natural process.This is known as "sustainable yield".If the rate of pumping exceeds the rate of replenishment, the water table will drop over time.Conversely, if the rate of pumping is less than the rate of replenishment, the water table will rise.Learn more about the water table here:
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The structures of four isomers of an aldotetrose are given below. Which of the structures are Diastereomers of A? Enantiomers of C? Stereoisomers of D?
A is a diastereomer of C and B, and C and B are enantiomers of A. B is a stereoisomer of D. Diastereomers are molecules having the same chemical structure and bonding arrangement.
Components, but they can't be combined. In every other way, enantiomers are identical chemically. When two enantiomers are dissolved molecules in a solution, we can distinguish between them based on which way polarized light rotates. Stereochemistry is the study of how molecules with the same chemical formula and atom-bonding order (constitution) can differ in terms of the three-dimensional spatial orientations of their atoms. This phenomenon is known as stereoisomerism, also referred to as spatial isomerism.
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what should you do if all of the solvent evaporates while you are cooling your recrystallization beaker?
If this occurs, just redissolve the solute with more solvent because the chemical that crystallized out of solution owing to evaporation is unlikely to be pure. the solvent evaporates recrystallization .
while you are cooling your recrystallization. Recrystallization is a physical process for purifying compounds depending on their solubility. The procedure is finished by heating the material to dissolve the chemical with impurities in a solvent combination. Recrystallization is a method used in chemistry to purify compounds. When a compound and impurities combination is dissolved in a suitable solvent, either the desired compound or the impurities can be extracted from the solution, leaving the other behind. It gets its name from the crystals that form when the chemical precipitates. Recrystallization can also refer to the natural formation of bigger ice crystals at the cost of smaller ones.
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Which of the following elements is most likely to form a covalent bond with oxygen? Ca Na Mg H
The elements is most likely to form a covalent bond with the oxygen is hydrogen, H.
The covalent bond is bond formed between the atoms by the sharing of the valence electrons. Covalent bond is formed by the mutual sharing of the electrons. The covalent bond formed between the atoms of the same element. The covalent bond formed between the atoms of the different elements.
The covalent bond is formed between the oxygen and the hydrogen by the sharing of the electrons. The example of the covalent bond between the hydrogen and oxygen is H₂O. The two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atoms combine and form the covalent bond.
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For each of the formulas, classify the formula as either an empirical formula, a molecular formula, or both. Nahco3 c2h6.
Sodium bicaronate's empirical and molecular formulas are both NaHCO3. The empirical formula for C2 H6 is CH3.
What does "structural formula" mean?
Chemical bonds connecting the atoms of a molecule are located in structural formulae. A structural formula is made up of symbols for the atoms joined by brief lines that stand in for chemical bonds. Single, double, and triple bonds are denoted by one, two, or three lines, respectively.
If we look at the molecular formula for NaHCO3, we can see that it has a molar ratio of 1:1:1:3 and that everything in this molar ratio results in a total mass of: 23g + 1g + 12g + 48g = 84g. Knowing that the molecular formula shows the total molar ratio of each element in a compound, while the empirical formula shows the simplest ratio of the elements present in a compound.
To determine the empirical formula of C2 H6 , you divide the molecular formula by a number that gives the smallest ratio of atoms. So, we divide C2 H6 by 2 to determine the empirical formula CH3. Structural formula in picture given.
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Answer:
Both and then Molecular
Explanation:
Which types of posted signs convey information about chemical storage? (Select all that apply)
Hazard signs such as "Flammable," "Oxidizer," and "Corrosive"
Exit sign
Gas Cylinder sign
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) diamond
Safety equipment signs such as "Safety Shower" and "Eyewash Station"
Hazard signs such as "Flammable," "Oxidizer," and "Corrosive" National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) diamond Gas Cylinder sign posted signs convey information about chemical storage.
Pictograms are pictorial symbols that are used to express particular information about a chemical's risks. OSHA mandates pictograms on principal labels to indicate chemical dangers. The exact OSHA danger categorization determines each pictogram(s). There are several forms of risks in the workplace, including chemical, ergonomic, physical, and psychological hazards, to mention a few. Dangerous situations. Employees who operate with machinery or on construction sites are more likely to be exposed to safety concerns. Biological dangers. Biological dangers are exceedingly hazardous Physical dangers Ergonomic risks Chemical risks Workload risks.
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CAN ANYONE HELP ME
NAME 5 POLYMERS
Answer:
1. Polyethylene (PE)
2. Polypropylene (PP)
3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
4. Polystyrene (PS)
5. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), also known as Teflon.
What gas is not used during fermentation ?
Fermentation does not require oxygen as it is an anaerobic process. If oxygen is present, pyruvate will be completely oxidized to water and carbon dioxide molecules by some yeast species spiration. On the other hand, yeast species will produce ethanol only in an anaerobic environment by a process called Pasteur Effect.
What is fermentationFermentation is a process of energy production in cells with a state anaerobic (without oxygen) that produces changes in organic biochemistry through the action of enzymes. Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration in general, but there is a more precise definition that defines fermentation as respiration in an anaerobic environment without the presence of an external electron acceptor. Examples of fermentation can be found in bread making, wine (beer) and cheese making.
Sugar is a common ingredient in fermentation. Some examples of fermented products are ethanol, lactic acid and hydrogen. However, several other components can also be produced from fermentation, such as butyric acid and acetone. Yeast is a common fermenting agent used to produce ethanol in beer, wine, and other alcoholic beverages. Anaerobic respiration (without external electron acceptor) in mammalian muscles during hard work can be classified as a form of fermentation which produces lactic acid as a by-product. This accumulation of lactic acid can cause muscle fatigue.
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Which is expected to have the largest dispersion forces?
a) C3H8
b) C12H26
c) F2
d) BeCl2
B: [tex]C_{12} H_{26}[/tex] is expected to have the largest dispersion forces.
Dispersion force is a type of intermolecular force that acts between normally electrically symmetric atoms and molecules; that is, the electrons and atoms are symmetrically distributed with respect to the nucleus.
The strength of dispersion forces usually increases with the number of electrons in the atom or molecule. In the given case, [tex]C_{12}H_{26}[/tex] contains a lot more electrons in comparison to [tex]C_{3} H_{8}[/tex],[tex]F_{2}[/tex], and [tex]BeCl_{2}[/tex]. Therefore, [tex]C_{12} H_{26}[/tex] is expected to have the largest dispersion forces.
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which process is used to separate soluble compounds from insoluble compounds?
Decantation
Filtration Sublimation
Extraction
Decantation is a technique for separating immiscible liquids or soluble compounds from insoluble compounds in mixtures.
What is Decantation?Decanting is another chemical laboratory process for separating mixtures. In its most basic form, it simply means allowing a solid-liquid mixture or two immiscible liquids to settle and separate by gravity.The process of removing liquid from a container without disturbing the sediment is known as decantation. Following that, the solids are mixed together and water is added. The soluble solid dissolves, while the insoluble solid settles to the flask's bottom. Using a glass rod, the soluble solid is gently poured out, leaving the insoluble solid behind.Decantation has the disadvantage of not completely separating the mixture, and Filtration is frequently used to separate soluble compounds from insoluble compounds.To learn more about decantation refer to :
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kettle sours can be produced by adding food grade lactic acid in the kettle. True or False
It is true that kettle sours can be produced by adding food-grade lactic acid in the kettle
Lactic acid is a naturally occurring organic acid that is produced during fermentation by bacteria such as Lactobacillus. It is commonly used in food and beverage production as a flavor enhancer, preservative, and pH control agent.
Lactic acid is known for its tart, sour taste and is commonly found in fermented dairy products like yogurt and sour cream, as well as in sour beers and pickled vegetables.
Kettle sours are a type of sour beer that are made by adding food-grade lactic acid to the wort (unfermented beer) while it is still in the kettle. This allows the beer to sour without the need for a long aging process, which is required for traditional sour beer styles such as lambics or Berliner Weisse.
By controlling the amount of lactic acid added and the time it is added, brewers can produce a range of sour beers with different levels of sourness, from mild to tart. The use of food-grade lactic acid in kettle sours is considered a safe and widely used brewing practice.
Therefore, It is true that kettle sours can be produced by adding food-grade lactic acid in the kettle
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what is the difference between organic and inorganic chemistry?
Inorganic chemistry is the study of the remaining (i.e., non-carbon-containing) subset of chemicals, whereas organic chemistry is defined as the study of molecules containing carbon.
The characteristics and behaviour of inorganic compounds, which include metals, minerals, and organometallic compounds, are the focus of inorganic chemistry. Chemistry that does not have a carbon-hydrogen link, such as inorganic elements and compounds that are found naturally in the earth, is known as inorganic chemistry. Life cannot exist without inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, oxygen, minerals, and water. The study of carbon-containing molecules' structure, characteristics, content, reactions, and synthesis is known as organic chemistry. The majority of organic compounds are composed of carbon and hydrogen, however they can also contain a variety of additional elements (e.g., nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, phosphorus, silicon, sulfur).
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Compared with solid ionic compounds, solid molecular compounds generally...A) have lower melting pointsB) are more brittleC) are harderD) conduct electricity as liquids
A) have lower melting points. Solid molecular compounds often have lower melting points than solid ionic ones. Chemical substances known as molecular compounds assume the shape of distinct molecules.
Molecular compounds are made up of separate molecules that are connected by sharing electrons (covalent bonding). Examples include water, which has molecules of H2O, methane, which has molecules of CH4, and hydrogen fluoride, which has molecules of HF. Ionic bonding will often be present in compounds when a metal is bound to either a non-metal or a semi-metal. Molecular compounds are those that include just non-metals or semi-metals combined with non-metals and exhibit covalent bonding. Nonmetals are used to create molecular (or covalent) compounds. Compound molecules are created when certain quantities of atoms from several elements combine. Water, ammonia, and carbon dioxide are among examples. Metals and nonmetals are used to create ionic compounds.
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A sealed container can hold 0.325 L of gas at 1.00 atm and 293 K. How many moles of gas can the container hold?
To find out how many moles of gas a container can hold, we can use the ideal gas law, which states that PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
We know that P = 1.00 atm, V = 0.325 L, and T = 293 K. We also know that the ideal gas constant R = 8.314 J/mol·K.
We can use this information to find the number of moles n in the container:
n = (PV) / (RT)
n = (1.00 atm * 0.325 L) / (8.314 J/mol·K * 293 K)
n = 0.0094 mol
So, the container can hold 0.0094 moles of gas.
the substances initially involved in a chemical reaction
The substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants.
They are the substances that are present at the start of the reaction and are transformed into different substances, known as products, during the reaction. The reactants are written on the left side of a chemical equation and the products are written on the right side.
In a chemical reaction,
Reactants are the starting materials that are transformed into different substances called products. These substances participate in the chemical reaction by forming new chemical bonds, breaking existing bonds, or both. The reactants are listed on the left side of a chemical equation, while the products are listed on the right side.Example:
In the reaction between hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2) to form water (H2O), the reactants are H2 and O2, and the product is H2O. This reaction can be represented by the equation: H2 + O2 -> H2O
In this equation, the reactants H2 and O2 are listed on the left side of the arrow and the product H2O is listed on the right side.
It is important to note that the number of atoms of each element on the reactants side and products side must be equal. This principle is called the law of conservation of mass.
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What will be the kinetic energy of a boy of mass 50 kg driving a bike with velocity of 2 ms 1?.
The kinetic energy of a boy with a mass of 50 kg driving a bike at a velocity of 2 m/s is 20 J (Joules).
The kinetic energy of an object is the energy it possesses due to its motion. It is calculated by using the formula KE = 0.5 * m * v^2, where m is the mass of the object in kilograms and v is its velocity in meters per second.
So, for a boy of mass 50 kg driving a bike with a velocity of 2 m/s, the kinetic energy can be calculated as follows:
KE = 1/2 * 50 kg * (2 m/s)^2
KE = 20 J
It's worth noting that kinetic energy is a scalar quantity and has no direction, so the velocity's direction does not affect the calculation. Additionally, the unit of kinetic energy is Joule (J) which is the SI unit of energy. Also, it's worth noting that this is a very small amount of energy, and it's unlikely that the boy would be able to do much work with it.
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how can a small contained fire be extinguished most easily?
A. Use a fire extinguisher B. Use water C. Call the instructor D. Smother the fire with a small container
To extinguish or put off a small contained (non-spreading) fire, an efficient and easy way is to smother the contained fire with another container or equipment so that no oxygen can further react with the fire.
Safety methods and safety precautions are very crucial and important while performing an experiment or while doing some research work in a laboratory or in general whenever working with hazardous inflammable substances.
During any fire hazard, safety measures differ in forms and procedures relative to the intensity and spread of the fire.
While any major fire breakout, the initial/primary action should be getting yourself to safety first while pushing the fire alarm (if available) or informing the fire extinguishing team. To put off a huge fire by manual work yourself or smothering it, won't generally work in the situation.
For any minor fire hazard, as for a small contained fire, for an instance if a fire breaks out in a beaker, then the easiest way would be to smother the contained fire so as no more oxygen gas from the air can enter into the container. Gradually the oxygen (or any other fuel) present in the container would wear out or finish as it gets used and no more combustible substance would be present to help the fire to expand.
Therefore, using extinguisher, or water, or calling the instructor are not the better ways to extinguish a small contained fire.
Hence, Option D among the options is the correct answer to the question.
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which atom in water is more electronegative, hydrogen or oxygen?
In a molecule of water, oxygen atoms have a higher value of electronegativity than the hydrogen atoms present in the said H2O molecule.
Electronegativity is a chemical property of elements or molecules that describes the tendency of an atom or a functional group ( molecule, for example) to attract electrons toward itself. The electronegativity value of an atom is affected by both its atomic number (denoted by Z) and the distance that its valence shell electrons reside from the charged nuclei. Electronegativity serves as a way to quantitatively estimate the bond energy of a bond, and the sign and magnitude of a bond's chemical polarity, that characterizes a bond along the continuous scale from covalent to ionic bonding.
In a water molecule, oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen as oxygen is a smaller molecule with a higher number of protons. Oxygen pulls bonded electrons towards itself and thus in return gets a slightly negative charge while both hydrogen atoms get a slightly positive charge.
The electronegativity value of oxygen is 3.5 while that of hydrogen is 2.1.
Thus, the answer to the question is Oxygen.
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What is the mole of 2 H2O?.
Answer:
2H2O have water = 2×2=4moles.
Explanation:
(◕ᴗ◕✿)(◕ᴗ◕✿)(◕ᴗ◕✿)
chemical test for oxygen gas
Explanation:
You're required to put a glowing splinter of wood(red hot charcoal) into a test tube of unknown gas and if the wood starts burning again or rekindles. That gas is said to be oxygen. Although another gas that does that is dinitrogen(I)oxide but to differ them from each other, dinitrogen(I) oxide has a pleasant smell while oxygen is odourless.
This chemical equation represents a chemical reaction. H₂SO4 + 2LIOH Li₂SO4 + 2H₂O Which two chemicals are the products of the chemical reaction shown?
A. H₂SO4
B. H₂0
C. Li₂SO4
D. LIOH
Answer:
B and C
Explanation:
Sulphuric acid reacts with lithium hydroxide to produce lithium sulphate and water
H2SO4 + 2LiOH ---› Li2SO4 + 2H2O
Which material would most likely contribute to humus out of basalt, granite, grass, and salt
Answer:
basalt
Explanation:
it’s rough on skin
what is the molecular formula if the empirical formula is c2h5 and the molecular molar mass is 58.14 g/mol?
[tex]C_4H_10[/tex] is the molecular formula of the compound with the given emperical formula.
what is emperical formula?The simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a compound is its empirical formula. It can be calculated by dividing the number of moles of each element in the compound by the least number of moles, which is done while assessing percent composition. It does not specify how the compound's atoms are arranged.
so let ( [tex]C_2H_5[/tex])[tex]_x[/tex] is the molecular formula of the compound with given emperical formula
so the molecular mass is given as:
2x* (mass of carbon) + 5x *(mass of hydrogen)
=> 2x*12+5x*1
=>29x
so 29x=82
=> x=2
so the molecular formula of compound is given as ( [tex]C_2H_5[/tex])[tex]_2[/tex]
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What term describes a solution which is in equilibrium with an undissolved solute?
A)precipitating
B)aqueous
C)saturated
D)unsaturated
E)supersaturated
A solution in equilibrium with an undissolved solute is a saturated solution.
A homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances is called a solution.
In a solution, there are two primary components, which are termed as,
Solute.Solvent.The minor component that is dissolved in a solution is known as the solute. The major component that dissolves the solute is known as the solvent.
At a given temperature and pressure, every solvent is capable of dissolving a particular amount of solute in it.
If a solution has dissolved as much as it is capable of dissolving, then the solution is known as a saturated solution.
Hence, a solution in equilibrium with an undissolved solute is known as a saturated solution.
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Billy, the toolbox, took out a bag of sugar when he heard that the fern was in need of glucose. But the chloroplast said there was no need. Why?
From Mosa mack
The chloroplast was not in need of glucose as itself manufactures and stores glucose during the process of photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis?
It is defined as a process by which plants and other photosynthetic organisms convert the light energy in to chemical energy through the process of cellular respiration.
Some of the energy which is converted is stored in molecules of carbohydrates like sugar and starches which are made up of from carbon dioxide and water . Photosynthetic organisms which can perform photosynthesis are algae and cyanobacteria. Photosynthesis is largely responsible for producing and maintaining the content of oxygen in earth's atmosphere.
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