A calorimeter initially contains 175.0 ml of water at 23.6oc. when 1.23 g Na is added to the water, the temperature of the resulting solution rises to a maximum of 44.9oc. the reaction that occurs is-2Na(s)+H2O(l)→2NaOH(aq)+H2(g).
A calorimeter is a tool used in the process of calorimetry, which determines heat capacity and measures the heat produced by chemical reactions or other types of physical changes. Differential scanning calorimeters, isothermal micro calorimeters, titration calorimeters, and accelerated rate calorimeters are a few of the most common types.
Simply put, a simple calorimeter is a metal container with a thermometer placed above a combustion chamber. It is one of the measurement instruments used in the research of chemistry, biochemistry, and thermodynamics.
The enthalpy change per mole of a material A in a reaction between two substances A and B is calculated by adding the components separately to a calorimeter and recording the beginning and final temperatures.
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In this model of a reaction, how do you interpret the orange balls being positioned in the middle of a line drawn between two atoms?
The orange balls being positioned in the middle of a line drawn between two atoms interpret a nonpolar bond exists between the two atoms.
In nonpolar bonds the arrangement of electrons are in the middle between two atoms (see the picture below).
The orange balls represent the electrons.
For example, nitrogen molecule (N₂) has strong nonpolar triple covalent bond (:N:::N:), that is why it is very stable and have low reactivity.
In molecule of nitrogen (N₂), bond order is 3 , because there are three pair of electrons (6 electrons) between nitrogen atoms.
Other example, molecule of oxygen has nonpolar bonds.
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If you have 44. 8 l of nitrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure, how much will it weigh? report your answer in grams to the nearest whole number.
at standard temperature and pressure.
1 mole of nitrogen gas weighs 22.4*1000 g at STP
2 moles weigh 44.8*10³g at STP.
What is standard temperature and pressure?
Standard sets of settings for experimental measurements are produced at standard temperatures and pressures (STP), allowing comparisons to be made between various sets of data. The most popular standards, though not universally acknowledged, are those of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). For their common reference conditions, other organisations have developed a number of different alternative definitions.
Any ideal gas at STP that is standard temperature and pressure, occupies 22,4 l volume
Thus, the no of mole of nitrogen gas occupying 44.8l volume = 44.8/22.4 = 2 moles.
1 mole of nitrogen gas weighs 22.4*1000 g at STP
Thus, 2 moles weigh 44.8*10³g at STP.
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Experiment by changing the number of species volume and pressure. what combination you need to blow off the top
Answer:b
Explanation:
D. how much 50 mm koh must be added to 10 ml of 1.0 m glycine at ph 9.0 to bring its ph to 10.0?
451.8 ml of KOH must be added.
c(KOH) = 50 mM = 0.05 M; concentration of potassium hydroxide
V(glycine) = 10 ml = 0.01 l; volume of glycine
c(glycine) = 1.0 M, concentration of glycine
n(glycine) = 0.01 mol; amount of glycine
pKa(glycine) = 9.6
Henderson–Hasselbalch equation for the buffer solution:
pH = pKa + log(ns/nk)
9 = 9.6 + log(ns/nk)
log(ns/nk) = -0.6
ns/0.01 mol = 0.251
n(KOH) = 0.00251 mol; amount of potassium hydroxide at pH = 9
V(KOH) = 0.00251 mol ÷ 0.05 mol/l
V(KOH) = 0.0502 l; volume of potassium hydroxide at pH = 9
10 = 9.6 + log(ns/nk)
log(ns/nk) = 0.4
ns/0.01 mol = 2.51
n(KOH) = 0.0251 mol; amount of potassium hydroxide at pH = 10
V(KOH) = 0.0251 mol ÷ 0.05 mol/l
V(KOH) = 0.502 l; volume of potassium hydroxide at pH = 10
ΔV(KOH) = 0.502 l - 0.0502 l
ΔV(KOH) = 0.4518 l = 451.8 ml; volume of added KOH
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For a second order reaction, the initial reactant concentration, [a]o, is 0.93 m. after 16.7 s, the concentration is 0.65 m. what is [a] after 84 s?
Chemical processes referred to as second order reactions are those in which the total of the exponents in the appropriate rate law of the chemical reaction equals two. Such a reaction's rate can be expressed mathematically as either Rate of reaction = k[A]^2
Rate of the second order reaction is k[A][B].
Second order reaction: what is it?
The concentration of one second-order reactant or two first-order reactants determines the sort of chemical reaction known as a second order reaction. The product of the concentrations of two reactants, or the square of the concentration of one reactant, determines how quickly this reaction will proceed.
Chemical processes referred to as second order reactions are those in which the total of the exponents in the appropriate rate law of the chemical reaction equals two. Such a reaction's rate can be expressed mathematically as either Rate of reaction = k[A]^2
or as Rate of reaction = k[A][B].
where A and B represent the reactant concentration.
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What difference does it amke that both the nucleophile and electrophile are contained?
Nucleophiles are molecules with electron-rich atoms that donate electrons to form a bond while electrophiles are molecules with electron-deficient atoms that accept electrons.
What is Nucleophiles ?A chemical species known as a nucleophile in chemistry donates an electron pair to create bonds. Any molecule or ion with a free pair of electrons or at least one pi link can function as a nucleophile. Nucleophiles are Lewis bases because they donate electrons to other molecules.
The term "nucleophilic" refers to a substance's propensity to form bonds with positively charged atomic nuclei. Nucleophilicity, also known as nucleophile strength, describes a substance's nucleophilic nature and is frequently used to compare the atoms' affinities. Solvolysis refers to neutral nucleophilic reactions with solvents like alcohols and water. Nucleophiles can engage in nucleophilic substitution, whereby a nucleophile is attracted to a complete or partial positive charge, and nucleophilic addition. Basicity and nucleophilicity are closely linked concepts.
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HELP!
which of the following conversion factors are needed to convert from um to km? select all that apply
- 10dm = 1m
- 100cm = 1m
- 1000m = 1km
- 1,000,000um = 1m
The conversion factors which are needed to convert from um to km is 1,000,000um = 1m.
What ia Conversion factor?A conversion factor is defined as a number which is used to convert one set of units to another set of units, by multiplying or dividing by integer or rational number. When a conversion is essential, the appropriate conversion factor in an equal value should be used.
For example, for the convertion of inches to feet, the conversion value which is used to convert is 12 inches equal 1 foot.
Now, as we know that, 1km = 1000m.
It can be concluded that we know how to convert kilometre to metre.
So, we need the conversion factor to convert um to km.
Therefore, we need 1,000,000um = 1 m which is needed to convert um to km.
Thus, we concluded that the conversion factors which are needed to convert from um to km is 1,000,000um = 1m.
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Which atoms has smaller ionization energy
Answer:
Cesium has smaller ionization energy
Explanation:
how are ionic bonds formed between k and br
Ionic bonds are formed between K and Br due to losing and gaining of electrons.
Ionic bond is the bond formed between two elements due to the gaining and losing of electrons by the one member and acceptance by the other member.
Usually the metal atom loses electron and the non-metal gains electron.
Ionic bond is formed between Potassium (K) and Bromine (Br). Potassium loses electron to form K⁺ and Bromine gains electron to form Br⁻ .
Potassium Bromide (KBr) is formed due to formation of K⁺ and Br⁻ after the addition of electron is Br and losing of electron by K atom.
Potassium Bromide can be Electrolysed into the constituent ions on addition of water due to its nature as a strong electrolyte.
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Is making carbon dioxide possible? If so, how do you make it? What's the formula?
Answer:
yes
Carbon dioxide is produced whenever an acid reacts with a carbonate.
Explanation:
How to make carbon dioxide -
You can make CO2 by adding 1 tablespoon of white vinegar and 1 heaping teaspoon of baking soda in a glass. This safe chemical reaction creates water and CO2.
Formula -
The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2.
Which of the following equations shows a chemical change?
O NH3(g) → NH3(1)
O C3H8 +5023CO2 + 4H₂O
O C₂H5OH(1)→ C₂H5OH(g)
O H₂O(s)→ H₂O(g)
PLEASE Name five elements of the Periodic Table and name three properties for each element listed. For example, Oxygen: polarity.
Answer:
Hydrogen = colourless, odourless, extremely flammable
Lithium = lowest density, reacts with water, high specific heat
Oxygen = nonpolar, reactive, tasteless
Helium = low boiling point, low density, low solubility
Nitrogen = odorless, colorless, nonflammable
Consider this skeleton equation: NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
Which of the following is the correct, balanced chemical equation?
Answer: Which of the following is the correct balanced chemical equation for reaction Naoh+ h2so4 --> na2so4 +h2o?
NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + H2O - Chemical Equation Balancer.
Explanation: 1 choice hope this helps!!!
Earthquakes generate shock waves that travel through earth's interior to other parts of the world. The fastest of these waves are longitudinal waves, like sound waves and are called primary or, just p waves. A pwave has a very low frequency typically around 0.050Hz. If the speed of a pwave with this frequency is 8.0km/s what is its wavelength
Answer:
16 HzExplanation:
wavelength = v/ f where v=speed (0.8km/s)
f=frequency (0.050Hz)
= 8.0/ 0.050
= 16Hz
Hope this helpsAce that homework
Good luck ✅In the image below, if the elements are from the same period then which element is most likely an alkali metal?
Answer:
x
Explanation:
As you move from left to right on the periodic table, the atomic radius decreases. Using this, you can infer than the one with the biggest radius is an alkali metal since the alkali metals are on the furthest left.
What volume (in ml) of 1.36 m na2so4 must be diluted with water to prepare 275 ml of a solution that is 0.0350 m in na ions?
103mL of 1.36M HCl are required for this dilution, followed by the addition of 197mL (500mL-200mL-103mL) of water to finish the dilution.
What is a solution?
A similar mixture of components is referred to as a solution. On a particle-by-particle basis, it is homogeneous. Most of the time, people picture it as a liquid that has a solid, liquid, or gas dissolved in it. This is not totally accurate, though. Alloys are a good alternative that we may use.
First, the goal is to make 200mL of 2.4M HCl and 500mL of 1.24M HCl from 1.36MHCl. In other words, the total amount of HCl in the final solution depends on how many moles each of the two solutions has.
(200mL, 2.4M HCl) + (500mL, 1.24M HCl) (xmL,1.36M HCl)
where x represents the amount of 1.36M HCl required for this dilution.
n=MV
Let n1=n (500mL,1.24M HCl)
n2=n (200mL,2.4M HCl)
n3=n (xmL,1.36M HCl)
Then,
n1=n2+n3
M1V1=M2V2+M3X
x=(M1V1-M2V2)/M3
=(1.24x500+2.4x200)/1.36=103mL
As a result, 103mL of 1.36M HCl are required for this dilution, followed by the addition of 197mL (500mL-200mL-103mL) of water to finish the dilution.
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What coefficients are needed to balance the equation for the complete combustion of methane? enter the coefficients in the order ch4 , o2 , co2 , and h2o , respectively.
The coefficients needed to balance the equation for the complete combustion of methane are 1,2,1 and 2 for methane, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water respectively.
The equation becomes The equation becomes: CH₄ (g) + 2O₂ (g) -> CO₂ (g) + 2H₂0 (g)
Burning any hydrocarbon element in the presence of O (oxygen) to give CO2 along with light and heat is called a combustion reaction.
Without enough oxygen, the combustion process will be incomplete. To equalize the chemical reaction equation, we need to use variables. Here are a few steps:
Give a coefficient on substances present in the reaction equation such as a, b, or c.Write an equation on the basis of the similarity of the number of atoms where the number of atoms = coefficient × index between reactant & productChoose the coefficient of the element with the most complex chemical formula equal that is equal to 1.If you need to learn more about coefficient in a chemical reaction, click here:
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What is the product in the pd-catalyzed hydrogenation of 1,2-dimethylcyclopentene?
cis-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane is the product of the pd-catalyzed hydrogenation of 1,2-dimethylcyclopentene. This process is actually quite simple.
Basically, all you need is a palladium catalyst and some hydrogen. The palladium catalyst essentially helps to speed up the process of hydrogenation, which is essentially the addition of hydrogen to a molecule.
In the case of 1,2-dimethylcyclopentene, the addition of hydrogen to the molecule results in the formation of cis-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane. This process is actually quite straightforward and is not overly complex.
So, if you're looking to hydrogenate 1,2-dimethylcyclopentene, all you need is a palladium catalyst and some hydrogen. The process is quite simple and can be easily accomplished.
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Which of the following is true?
a Liquids are denser than gases
b Liquids are less dense than gases
c Liquids and gases are the same density
d None of the above
Density of liquids is more than that of gases. Thus, the correct answer is (a).
A liquid has molecules that are closely spaced out. As a result, liquids have a higher density than gases.
The mass of a material per unit of volume is its density. Density is most frequently represented by the symbol ρ, but Latin letter D may also be used.
The amount of items in a space—which might include humans, animals, plants, or objects—is referred to as the space's density. Divide the number of items by the area's measurement to determine density. A country's population density is calculated by dividing its total population by its area, expressed in square kilometres or miles.
In comparison to liquids and gases, solids are denser than liquids and gases, respectively. The solid's particles are close to one another and have very little room to move. In a liquid, the particles are often still in contact, although there are gaps between them. There are considerable gaps between the gas particles.
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How many orbitals are completely filled in an atom that has 14 electrons? The electron configuration is 1s22s22p63s23p2.
(b) Describe how the arrangement of electrons in a strontium atom is:
(i) similar to the arrangement of electrons in a calcium atom
(ii) different from the arrangement of electrons in a calcium atom.
The electronic configuration of in a strontium atom is similar to the arrangement of electrons in a calcium atom as they have same number of valence electrons, 2.
The electronic configuration of in a strontium atom is different from the arrangement of electrons in a calcium atom as they have different number of electron shell electrons, which is 4 and 5 respectively.
What is electronic configuration of atoms?Electronic configuration of atoms refers to the arrangement of the electrons in an atom in orbits or shells around the nucleus of the atom of the element.
Electronic configuration of atoms of elements forms the basis of the arrangement of the periodic tale into groups and periods.
Elements that have the same number of electrons in their valence or outermost shell are found in the same group and elements that have the same number of electron shells are found in the same period.
Comparing the electronic configuration of calcium and strontium as follows below:
Electronic configuration of calcium is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²
Electronic configuration of strontium is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²
Calcium and strontium have the same number of outermost shell electrons, which is 2. Therefore, they belong to same group.
Calcium and strontium have the different number of electron shell electrons, which is 4 and 5 respectively. Therefore, they belong to different periods.
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5. the melting and boiling points of sodium metal are much lower than those of sodium chloride. what does this difference reveal about the relative strengths of metallic bonds and ionic bonds? (18.55)
Atoms in a metallic substance are held together by a force called the metallic bond.
What is metallic bonds?The metallic bond is a force that holds the atoms of a metallic substance together. In such a solid, atoms are closely spaced. The outermost electron shell of each metal atom often overlaps with a large portion of its close neighbors.Metallic chemical bonds are created by the electrostatic attraction of conduction electrons and positively charged metal ions. It is possible to imagine free electrons being shared among positively charged ion structures.Ions with opposing charges electrostatically attract one another to form ionic bonds, sometimes referred to as electrovalent bonds, in chemical molecules. A bond of this type is formed when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are irreversibly transferred to another atom.Ionic bonding, a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between two atoms or ions with radically different electronegativities, is the primary interaction in ionic compounds.To learn more about metallic bonds refer to:
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Draw the dipole for PBr3
The dipole for PBr3 is shown in the attachment. PBr3 has non xero dipole moment because bromine atoms can not cancel out dipole moment of each other.
The three bromine atoms in this molecule do not cancel out the dipole moment of each other and molecule shows net dipole moment.it shows that PBr3 is a polar molecule.the partially positive charge surrounded by phosphorus atom and partially negative charged surrounded by bromine atom.
Dipole moment is used to define the symmetry of molecules. PBr3 has the trigonal pyramidal structure. bromine atom has more electronegative value than phosphorus.
Thus, the dipole moment in PBr3 is non zero due to unequal charge distribution.
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In which species does sulfur have the same oxidation state as in so3-2?
a. s2o3-2
b. so4-2
c. h2s
d. socl2
The oxidation state of sulfur in SOCl2 is the same as the oxidation state of sulfur in SO3-2.
To calculate the oxidation state of a particular atom in a polyatomic compound, we need to add the oxidation states of all the elements and put them equal to the charge present on the compound.
The oxidation state of oxygen is generally taken to be -2.
In case of SO3-2, the oxidation state of sulphur is S + 3(-2) = -2, S = +4
Similarly, in the case of the other compounds , the oxidation state of sulfur can be calculated as,
S2O3-2, 2S + 3(-2) = -2, S = +2
SO4-2, S + 4(-2) = -2, S = +6
H2S, S + 2 = 0, S= -2
SOCl2, S + (-2) + (-2) = 0, S = +4
Of all the compounds mentioned above, only SOCl2 has the same oxidation state as sulfur as SO3-2.
Hence, the oxidation state of sulfur in SOCl2 is the same as the oxidation state of sulfur in SO3-2.
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If astronauts landed on a planet 2/3 the size of earth what would it be
Answer: The ratio of radii of earth to another planet is 2/3 and the ratio of their mean densities is 4/5. If an astronaut can jump to a maximum height of 1.5 m on the earth, with the same effort, the maximum height he can jump on the planet is
Explanation:
A student is given a solution that has a corrosive hazard symbol on it. What can we deduce about this solution?
We can deduce about this solution is that this solution is harmful for our skin and health because contains certain chemicals that negatively affected our body.
What does corrosive symbol mean?
The corrosive symbol is used in order to warn against the chemicals that cause damage living tissue when our body physically contact with the chemical. The picture on the solution container which corrosive hazard symbol is present shows a chemical spill that causes the corrosion of a hand or a surface material. These corrosive materials may also cause severe skin and eye damage. So this solution is dangerous for our body and health so that's why it is labelled with corrosive hazard symbol.
So we can conclude that We can deduce about this solution is that this solution is harmful for our skin and health because contains certain chemicals that negatively affected our body.
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What speed will you have to go from Chicago to Hackensack in 260 hours
Speed you will have to go from Chicago to Hackensack in 260 hours is 4.9Km/hr.
The pace at which an object's position changes in any direction is referred to as its speed. The distance travelled in relation to the time it took to travel that distance is how speed is defined. Since speed simply has a direction and no magnitude, it is a scalar quantity.Speed = distance / timeUnit of speed is Km/hr or m/sec. Speed is calculated by dividing the distance travelled by the amount of time it took to get there. Divide the distance by the speed to find the passing time. Multiply the speed by the time to find the distance.Given,
Time = 260 hours
distance between Chicago to Hackensack is 1277 km
So speed = 1277/ 260 = 4.9 Km/ hr
Therefore, speed required to go from Chicago to Hackensack in 260 hours is 4.9 Km/ hr.
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In an atom, if you change the number of neutrons you get a(n)
-ion
-isotope
-different element
Answer: Isotope
Explanation: It's an isotope because isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different neutrons. Ions are atoms have different number of electrons and it wouldn't be a different element because the atom still has the same number of protons.
What is the wavelength, in nanometers, of the bright line of the hydrogen emission spectrum corresponding to the following transition?.
The wavelength in nm of following transition will be 1258 nm
The transition is given from n1=3 and n2=5
The formula which relates the n1 and n2 i.e, the energy shells involved to the wave number is given as
wave number= 109677( 1/n1²- 1/n2²)
wave number= 109677(1/3²- 1/5²)
1/wavelength = wave number= 109677( 1/3²- 1/5²)
wavelength= 225/ 16×1.1 ×106^-7
wavelength= 1258 nm
When an electron jump from any high energy level to the 3rd energy level then this transition hydrogen spectrum is observed in the paschen series.
This indicate the wavelength of second line of Paschen's series
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The question is incomplete , here the transition state is not mentioned
The question is solved taking n1=3
n2=5
The given transition will have a wavelength of 1258 nm in nanometers. Since the transition is from n2= 5 and n1=3 , the associated wavelength will be calculated.
The transition is provided from n1=3 and n2=5.
The following is the formula that connects the n1 and n2 energy shells and wave number.
wave number = 109677(1/n1²-1/n2²)
wave number=109677(1/3²- 1/5²)
1/wavelength = wave number = 109677(1/3²- 1/5²)
wavelength = 225/ 16/1.1× 10⁻⁷
wavelength: 1258 nanometers
This transition hydrogen spectrum can be seen in the Paschen series when an electron jumps from any high energy level to the third energy level. This shows the wavelength of the second line of Paschen's series.
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Your question is incomplete, transition state are missing.
The question is solved taking transition state,
n1=3 and n2=5.
What will happen If you pour epsom salt on a fire ant mound?
Answer:
It will kill them or harm them
Explanation:
Epsom salt works as a natural safe pesticide for ants and can kill them depending on how u use it.
