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1. Lewis acid- electron pair acceptor.
2. Lewis base- electron-pair donor.
3. Bronsted acid- proton donar
4. Bronsted base- proton acceptor
5. A compound that acts as both a bronsted-lowry acid and base together is called amphoteric.
Machine parts, bodily processes or functions, healing mechanisms. A combination of mental processes, a psychological mechanism by which a result is achieved. A fundamental physical or chemical process involved in or responsible for an action-reaction or another natural phenomenon.
The difference between process and mechanism as nouns is that process is a sequence of events to achieve a result, and mechanism is in a machine or mechanism, especially as opposed to a product. Inside the machine or machine park. A mechanical means of transducing or controlling motion or transmitting or controlling force.
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This is the reaction when the 2-pentanone is converted into pentanol.
The presence of aldehyde converts the ketone to alcohol.
What mechanism is used?
The mechanism used is of aldehyde converting ketones to alcohol. The steps are as:
Conversion of ketone by aldehydemaking of carbonyl ionAdding carbon to the ionAddition of hydride to the carbonyl to the aldehyde.On adding acid, oxygen is protonatedThis gives us neutral primary alcohol.The types of acids and bases are shown as:
Lewis acid- electron pair acceptor.Lewis base- electron-pair donor.Bronsted acid- proton donarBronsted base- proton acceptorWhat are Lewis acids ?
Lewis acids are the compounds or ionic species that can accept an electron pair from any donor compound.
What are Lewis bases ?
Lewis base is the donor compound or ionic species.
What are Bronsted acids or bases?
Bronsted - Lowry acids are substance which donate H+ ions and these later forms a conjugate base while a Bronsted - Lowry bases are those substances which accepts H+ ions and they in return forms a conjugate acid.
A compound that acts as both a Bronsted - Lowry acid and base together is called amphoteric.
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SEP Hypothesize Wildfires are natural events. Discuss the role within the
ecosystems where they occur. Suggest how the organisms in these habitats
might suffer if wildfires are prevented.
A wild fire could enable more nutrients to renter the soil.
What is a wildfire?A wild fire is a situation in which fire consumes a large portion of the ecosystem. This is common in summer when the temperatures are very high and the sun is blazing. The outrageous heat could lead to fires that begin to blaze and destroy the vegetations and the entire ecosystem.
Traditionally, we have been told that this could be a very destructive occurrence and that it could lead to the destruction of the ecosystem and death of trees.
However, recent evidence suggests that there could be some benefits to wild fires in the sense that it clears the forest floors and enables nutrients to reenter the soil. As such, as the forest recovers, the plant and the animal species continue to experience a boom.
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Using dimensional analysis, convert 500.0 calories into joules.
Using the dimensional analysis, The conversion of 500.0 calories is 2.092 x 10⁶ joules.
What are joules?The Joule is the unit of work or energy in the SI system (J). A force of one Newton traveling one meter in its own direction produces the work equivalent to one joule.
Our bodies store extra calories as body fat when we consume more calories through food and drink than we burn off. If this keeps happening, we might eventually gain weight.
There are different units, which is why there is a conversion of these units.
1 kilocalorie = 4184 joule
500 x 4184 = 2.092 x 10⁶
500.0 = 2.092 x 10⁶
Thus, the conversion is 500.0 calories is 2.092 x 10⁶ joules.
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What is the molar mass of Co(NO3)2?
The molar mass of Co(NO₃)₂ is 182.9 g/mol.
What is the molar mass of a compound?The molar mass of a compound is the mass of one mole of that compound.
The molar mass of a compound is determined from the sum of the atomic masses of the elements in the compound.
The molar of Co(NO₃)₂ is determined as follows:
atomic mass of Co = 58.9 g/mol
atomic mass of N = 14 g/mol
atomic mass of O = 32 g/mol
Molar mass of Co(NO₃)₂ = 58.9 + 2 * (14 + 16 * 3)
Molar mass of Co(NO₃)₂ = 182.9 g/mol
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Question 4
An empty container weighs 34.50 g. When filled with water at 25°C, it weighs 37.21 g including the weight of
the container. When the same container is filled with an unknown liquid at 25°C, it weighs 38.95 g including
the weight of the container. Determine the density of the unknown liquid at 25°C.
Additional info
Density of water is 0.997048 g/mL at 25°C.
1.32 g/mL
1.05 g/mL
0/4 pts
0.611 g/mL
The density of the unknown liquid is 1.64 mL
What is density?The density of a substance is simply defined as the mass of the subtance per unit volume of the substance. Mathematically, it can be expressed as
Density = mass / volume
How to determine the volume of the containerWe can obtain the volume of the container by calculating the volume of the water. This is illustrated below:
Mass of empty container = 34.5 gMass of container + water = 37.21 gMass of water = 37.21 - 34.5 = 2.71 gDensity of water = 0.997048 g/mLVolume of water = ?Density = mass / volume
Thus,
Volume = mass / density
Volume of water = 2.71 / 0.997048
Volume of water = 2.718 mL
How to determine the density of the unknown liquidMass of empty container = 34.5 gMass of container + unknown liquid = 38.95 gMass of unknown liquid = 38.95 - 34.5 = 4.45 gVolume = 2.718 mLDensity of unknown liquid =?Density = mass / volume
Density of unknown liquid = 4.45 / 2.718
Density of unknown liquid = 1.64 mL
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how many kilograms of gasoline fill a 12.0 gal gas tank?
State the guideline you can use to predict the formula of:
A cation formed when a metal reacts to form an ionic compound.
An anion formed when a non-metal reacts to form an ionic compound.
We can predict formula of ionic compounds by:
Take a look at where the elements are listed on the periodic table. The amount of electrons that an element would need to gain or lose in order to resemble an atom of a nearby noble gas is one of the similarities that atoms in the same column as one another (group) tend to display.Alkali metal group I ions have +1 charges.Alkaline earth metals (group 2 ions) have a +2 charge.Nonmetal group 6 ions have a charge of -2.Halides in group 7 have a -1 charge.The charges of the transition metals cannot be predicted in a straightforward manner. Check out a table of charges (valences) to see potential values. The +1, +2, and +3 charges are most frequently employed in beginning and general chemistry courses.Keep in mind that the positive ion is always stated first when writing an ionic compound's formula.These are the few guidelines we can use to product formula.
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Calculate the mass of camphor (C₁0H₁60) that contains a billion (1.00 × 10°) hydrogen atoms.
Be sure your answer has a unit symbol if necessary, and round it to 3 significant digits.
The mass of camphor (C₁₀H₁₆O) that contains 1×10⁹ hydrogen atoms is 1.58×10⁻¹⁴ g
How to determine the mole of hydrogenWe'll begin by obtaining the mole of hydrogen that contains 1×10⁹ atoms. This can be obtained as follow:
From Avogadro's hypothesis,
6.02×10²³ atoms = 1 mole of hydrogen
Therefore,
1×10⁹ atoms = (1×10⁹ atoms × 1 mole) / 6.02×10²³ atoms
1×10⁹ atoms = 1.66×10⁻¹⁵ mole of hydrogen
How to determine the mole of C₁₀H₁₆ONow, we shall determine the mole of C₁₀H₁₆O that contains 1.66×10⁻¹⁵ mole of hydrogen. This is illustrated below
16 moles of H is present in 1 mole of C₁₀H₁₆O.
Therefore,
1.66×10⁻¹⁵ mole of H will be present in = (1.66×10⁻¹⁵ × 1) / 16 = 1.04×10⁻¹⁶ mole of C₁₀H₁₆O
How to determine the mass of C₁₀H₁₆OMole of C₁₀H₁₆O = 1.04×10⁻¹⁶ moleMolar mass of C₁₀H₁₆O = (12×10) + (1×16) + 16 = 152 g/moleMass of C₁₀H₁₆O =?mole = mass / molar mass
Cross multiply
Mass = mole × molar mass
Mass of C₁₀H₁₆O = 1.04×10⁻¹⁶ × 152
Mass of C₁₀H₁₆O = 1.58×10⁻¹⁴ g
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Which one of the conversions below could be performed with these two conversion factors
alone?
Density—> molar mass or/formula mass—>
(A) number of atoms in a sample -> moles of molecules in a sample
(B) moles of molecules -> number of molecules
(C) grams -> volume
(D) volume -> moles
(E) grams -> moles
The conversions that could be performed with these two conversion factors alone, Density—> molar mass or/formula mass—> is volume ---> moles; option D
What are conversion factors?Conversion factors are expressions or values which are used to convert from one unit or value to another.
The conversion factor given is:
Density—> molar mass or/formula mass—>
volume = density/mass
moles = mass/molar mass
Volume to moles = density/mass --> mass/ molar mass
Volume to moles = density ---> molar mass or formula mass
The conversion of volume to moles will therefore require density and molar mass or formula.
In conclusion, conversion factors are used to convert from one unit value to another.
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A platinum solid weighs 175 g. Look up its density and calculate the volume in dm3 this platinum solid occupies.
The volume of the platinum solid is determined as 8.16 cm³.
Volume of platinum solid
The volume of the platinum solid is calculated from its density and mass as shown below.
V = m/ρ
where;
V is the volume of the platinum solidm is the mass of the platinum solidρ is the density of the platinum solid = 21.45 g/cm³Volume of the platinum solid is calculated as follows;
V = 175 g / 21.45 g/cm³
V = 8.16 cm³
Thus, the volume of the platinum solid is determined as 8.16 cm³.
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Which elements would form metallic bonds?
Select all correct answers.
iridium
cadmium
iron
chlorine
The elements that would form metallic bonds are as follows:
IronIridiumWhat is a metallic bond?A metallic bond in chemistry is a chemical bond in which mobile electrons are shared over many nuclei and therefore, leads to electrical conduction.
Metallic bonds are formed strictly by metallic elements in the periodic table.
Iridium is a chemical element with symbol Ir with an atomic number of 77. It is a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal.
Iron is also a metallic chemical element with symbol Fe.
Therefore, the elements that would form metallic bonds are as follows:
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Answer:
Iridium
Cadmium
Iron
Explanation:
Test.
an old gas station, gasoline leaks from an underground storage tank.
classification:
explanation:
Regular maintenance inspections and the replacement of damaged underground tanks are necessary to prevent gasoline leaks.
What causes gasoline leak?When tanks are damaged and rusted or if pipelines and connection points are poorly fitted, gasoline leaks might occur.A major environmental risk as well as a harm to people and property are posed by gasoline leaks.Leaks of gasoline can start fires that endanger lives and destroy property.Additionally, gasoline leaks can contaminate land, water, and soil, destroying vital aquatic and soil creatures.In our house, gasoline spills are quite frequent. Due to the higher likelihood that they will start a fire, explosion, or even carbon monoxide poisoning, they can be extremely deadly.Therefore, gasoline leaks can be avoided by performing routine maintenance checks and replacing damaged underground tanks.
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Which of the following has the longest wavelength?
X-rays
Microwave
Ultraviolet
Gamma
When aluminum metal reacts with iron(III) oxide to form aluminum oxide and iron metal, 429.6 kJ of heat are given off for each mole of aluminum metal consumed, under constant pressure and standard conditions. What is the correct value for the standard enthalpy of reaction in the thermochemical equation below? 2 Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) → 2 Fe(s) + Al2O3(s)
The standard enthalpy of reaction in the thermochemical equation:
2 Al(s) + Fe₂O₃ (s) → 2 Fe(s) + Al₂O₃ (s) is 859.3 kJ/mol
What is the enthalpy of a reaction?The enthalpy of a given reaction is the amount of heat given off or absorbed when reactants react to form products in that reaction.
A reaction having negative enthalpy change indicates that heat is given off in the reaction and the reaction is said to be exothermic.
A reaction having positive enthalpy change indicates that heat is absorbed in the reaction and the reaction is said to be endothermic.
The amount of heat given off or the enthalpy change when one mole of aluminum metal completely reacts with iron(III) oxide to form aluminum oxide and iron metal is 429.6 kJ of heat.
The correct value for the standard enthalpy of reaction in the thermochemical equation below is determined as follows:
2 Al(s) + Fe₂O₃ (s) → 2 Fe(s) + Al₂O₃ (s)
According to the equation of the reaction, two moles of aluminum reacts completely with iron(III) oxide to form aluminum oxide and iron metal.
The standard enthalpy of reaction = 429.6 kJ/mol * 2
The standard enthalpy of reaction = 859.3 kJ/mol
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What happens as a chemical bond forms?
OA. Energy is released.
B. Heat energy is destroyed.
OC. The atoms gain energy.
OD. The bonding atoms get farther apart.
2. Students mixed 100 grams of 20°C water with 100 grams of water at an unknown
temperature. The final mixture was 40°C. What was the unknown initial temperature of the
second water sample?
The unknown temperature of the second sample is 80 degree C
In the law of conservation of energy, energy neither be created nor be destroyed - only it change one form to another form of energy.
Now,
Mass of the first sample of water , m1 = 100 g
Initial temperature for first sample , t1 = 20 degree C
Mass of the second sample of water , m2 = 100 g
Initial temperature of the second sample , t2 = ?
Final temperature for first sample = 40 degree C
c is known as the specific heat of the water
Now we are solving this problem the law of conservation of energy
Q(gain) = - Q(lost)
(m1c(delta t)1) = -(m2(delta t)2)
m1(Final temperature- t1) = - m2(Final temperature- t2)
t2 - Final temperature = m1(Final temperature- t1) / m2
t2 - 40 = 100 (40 - 20) / 100
t2 - 40 = 20
t2 = 20 + 40
t2 = 80 degree C
Hence, the initial temperature of second sample is 80 degree C
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Convert 25.4 m3 to liters
Answer:
25400 liters
Explanation:
1 cubic meter is 1000 liters
25.4 cubic meter is 25.4×1000 liters= 25400
The ammonium ion has one nitrogen atom and four hydrogen atoms.
What is the chemical formula of ammonium?
O NH4
O N4 H4
O N₁ H
O NH
Answer:
1.) NH₄
Explanation:
Atoms are depicted by letters in chemical formulas. Nitrogen atoms are represented by the letter "N" and hydrogen atoms are represented by the letter "H". One letter indicates one atom.
As such, if there is 1 nitrogen atom and 4 hydrogen atoms in ammonium, the chemical formula is NH₄.
How were Churchill's and Stalin's views of the postwar world different from Roosevelt's?
A. They wanted all nations to focus on domestic issues and not get involved with each other
B. They favored keeping spheres of personal influence
C. They believed in a return to colonial powers and borders
D. They believed in international organizations to arbitrate disputes
They wanted all nations to focus on domestic issues and not get involved with each other.
What did Churchill think about Roosevelt?Churchill stated, "I conceived an admiration for him as a statesman, a man of affairs, and a war leader," following Roosevelt's death on April 12, 1945. He was the best American friend that Britain has ever found, continued Churchill. The "Special Relationship" was created by their close personal relationship.
What did Stalin Churchill and FDR agree to at the Yalta Conference?Along with agreeing to include France in Germany's postwar governance, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin also agreed that Germany should bear some, but not all, of the burden of making reparations after the war.
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13a. [3 marks]
A 4.406 g sample of a compound containing only C, H and O was burnt in excess oxygen. 8.802 g of CO2 and 3.604 g of H20 were produced.
Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
The empirical formula of the original compound given the combustion analysis data is C₂H₄O
How to determine the mass of Carbon Mass of CO₂ = 8.802 gMolar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol Molar of C = 12 g/mol Mass of C =?Mass of C = (12 / 44) × 8.802
Mass of C = 2.4 g
How to determine the mass of HMass of H₂O = 3.604 gMolar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol Molar of H = 2 × 1 = 2 g/mol Mass of H =?Mass of H = (2 / 18) × 3.604
Mass of H = 0.4 g
How to determine the mass of O
Mass of compound = 4.406 gMass of C = 2.4 gMass of H = 0.4 gMass of O =?Mass of O = (mass of compound) – (mass of C + mass of H)
Mass of O = 4.406 – (2.4 + 0.4)
Mass of O = 1.606 g
How to determine the empirical formula C = 2.4 gH = 0.4 gO = 1.606 gEmpirical formula =?Divide by their molar mass
C = 2.4 / 12 = 0.2
H = 0.4 / 1 = 0.4
O = 1.606 / 16 = 0.1
Divide by the smallest
C = 0.2 / 0.1 = 2
H = 0.4 / 0.1 = 4
O = 0.1 / 0.1 = 1
Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is C₂H₄O
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A teacher listed the following two processes.
• Process 1: water changing to ice in a freezer
• Process 2: steam coming out of a kettle filled with hot of water
Which set of statements correctly identifies the change of energy taking place in each example?
Answer:
both because water changes to ice in a freezer and liquid turns into gas when heated at a certain temperature
Assertion (A) : When HCl is added to zinc granules, a chemical reaction occurs.
Reason (R) : Evolution of a gas and change in colour indicate that the chemical reaction is taking
place.
The assertion and the reason that is given for HCl and zinc granules are true, but the reason is not correct for the assertion.
What is assertion?The assertion is the statement that is taken on the hypothesis. A chemical reaction takes place when weak hydrochloric acid is applied to a test tube containing zinc granules.
Here, we can observe how bubbles from the test tubes cause a colorless, odorless gas to develop.
As a result, when zinc granules are inserted in a test tube and diluted hydrochloric acid is added, A colorless, odorless gas that is evolving with bubbles was seen.
Thus, for HCl and zinc granules, both the claim and the explanation are accurate, however, the explanation is flawed in support of the claim.
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A measurement is accurate if it
Answer:
If a measurement closely matches the recognized standard for that measurement, it is considered accurate.
Explanation:
Precision:
“Precision means how close the measured values are to each other.”
A precise measurement is one that has less absolute uncertainty.
Measurement of Precision:
The Precision of measurement is found out by the instrument being
used. It is described by the least count of the measuring instrument. The smaller a physical quantity, the more precise instrument should be used.
Example:
Let the length of a pencil is measured with a meter rod and vernier caliper.
It shows that readings of the vernier caliper are more precise than the metering rod.
A 20.0 ounce bottle of Mountain Dew contains 77.0 g of sugar. How many
calories would a person consume in a 365 day year if they drank one 20.0
ounce bottle of Mountain Dew per day? One gram of sugar provides 3.87
calories.
The amount of calories consumed in 365 day is 10877 calories.
What is energy in calories?Energy is the ability to do work.
Energy is present in the food that we eat such carbohydrates, protein, and lipid,
The SI unit of energy is Joules.
However, calories is the unit used in measuring energy found in foods.
For carbohydrate, the energy in calorie present per gram of carbohydrate is 3.87 cal/g.
The 20.0 ounce bottle of Mountain Dew contains 77.0 g of sugar.
Amount of energy in one bottle = 3.87 * 77 = 298 cal
In 365 days, amount of calories consumed = 298 cal * 365
amount of calories consumed = 10877 calories
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Choose the statements that are true. Check all that apply. Choose the statements that are true.Check all that apply.
a. The chemical formula gives the conversion factor between the kind of element and the formula.
b. The chemical formula indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms of each type.
c. The chemical formula allows the determination of mass percent composition.
d. The formula mass allows the conversion between the mass of molecules and the kinetic energy of the molecules.
The following are true about the chemical formula;
The chemical formula indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms of each type.The chemical formula allows the determination of mass percent composition.What is the chemical formula?The chemical formula of a compound is the representation of the substance of paper. We can use the chemical formula of a compound to show the way that the compounds are or the atoms that compose them.
The following are true about the chemical formula;
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When hydrogen sulfide is formed from a reaction in water, its low solubility causes it to bubble up in the form of a foul smelling gas.
What volume of 0.122 M hydrobromic acid is required to react completely with 142 mL of 0.166 M lithium sulfide according to the balanced equation
below?
2 HBr(aq) + Li₂S (aq) → H₂S (g) + 2LiBr (aq)
ANSWER: ____mL
Round your answer to the nearest whole number and do not use scientific notation.
The volume of 0.122 M hydrobromic acid required to react completely with 142 mL of 0.166 M lithium sulfide is 386 mL
Balanced equation2HBr(aq) + Li₂S (aq) → H₂S (g) + 2LiBr
From the balanced equation above,
The mole ratio of the acid, HBr (nA) = 2The mole ratio of the base, Li₂S (nB) = 1Data obtained from the questionFrom the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Volume of base, Li₂S (Vb) = 142 mLConcentration of base, Li₂S (Cb) = 0.166 MConcentration of acid, HBr (Ca) = 0.122 MVolume of acid, HBr (Va) =? How to determine the volume of HBrCaVa / CbVb = nA / nB
(0.122 × Va) / (0.166 × 142) = 2
(0.122 × Va) / 23.572 = 2
Cross multiply
0.122 × Va = 23.572 × 2
Divide both side by 0.122
Va = (23.572 × 2) / 0.122
Va = 386 mL
Thus, the volume of hydrobromic acid required for the reaction is 386 mL
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Cobalt is element 27. Cobalt-60 is used in the medical treatment of cancer. How many neutrons and protons are contained in the nucleus of this isotope?
33 neutrons, 33 protons
27 neutrons, 27 protons
33 neutrons, 27 protons
27 neutrons, 33 protons
Convert 28.56 meters to feet
Answer:
93.7 feet
Explanation:
To convert meters to feet, all you have to do is multiply by 3.281.
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determine the maximum mass of sodium chlorate that will dissolve in 40g of water 30 degress
The maximum mass of sodium chlorate that will dissolve in 40g of water 30 degrees is 3.98816 g.
What is the maximum mass?The maximum mass is the theoretical yield that can be produced in a chemical reaction.
Given that, the temperature T is 30°C
The mass is 40 grams
S = 0.0043302 + 0.084330 + 3.5714 = 9.9704 g Sodium chlorate per 100 g water
Since 100 g of water can dissolve 9.9704 g of Sodium chlorate
By the formula of maximum mass
40 g of water can dissolve
(9.970440) / 100 = 3.98816 g Sodium chlorate
Thus, the maximum mass of sodium chlorate is 3.98816 g.
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Explain why the name 1-propane is incorrect
