A drop taken from the top of a solution of salt and water will not be identical to a drop taken from the bottom of the mixture because the salt and water molecules will be distributed differently throughout the mixture.
What is a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. In a solution, the solute, which is the substance that is dissolved, is evenly dispersed throughout the solvent, which is the substance that the solute is dissolved in.
Salt is denser than water, so it will tend to settle to the bottom of the mixture over time. This means that a drop taken from the top of the mixture will have a lower concentration of salt than a drop taken from the bottom.
Additionally, due to the process of diffusion, the salt molecules will tend to move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration, so the concentration of salt will be different at different points throughout the mixture. Therefore, a drop taken from the top will have less salt concentration than a drop taken from the bottom.
Therefore, as the salt and water molecules are distributed differently throughout the mixture a drop from the solution will be identical to that of the bottom of the jar.
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how do I balance this?
Answer:
4NaHCO3---->2Na2CO3+2CO2+2H2O
How many total ATP are produced through ETS only from two?.
Total ATP are produced through ETS only from two molecule of 3-phosphoglycerate is 28 ATP
In the glycolytic process, one molecule of 3-phosphoglycerate will yield one NADH from the creation of pyruvate, and two acetyl co-A from that. When acetyl Co-A enters the Kreb's Cycle, it produces three NADH and one FADH₂.
Now, this NADH and FADH₂will participate in ETS. Total 14 ATP will form in the following ways:
4 NADH total will result in 4 X 3= 12 ATP.
A total of 1 FADH₂ will result in 1 x 2= 2 ATP. Thus, 14 ATP will be created in total. so if there's 2 the total will be 2 x14 ATP = 28 ATP
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Why C2H4 is non-polar?.
C2H4, also known as ethylene, is a non-polar molecule because its atoms are arranged symmetrically. The two carbon atoms are at the center of the molecule and are bonded to two hydrogen atoms each. The two hydrogen atoms on one side of the molecule are identical to the two hydrogen atoms on the other side, so there is no overall dipole moment (uneven distribution of electrons) in the molecule. This means that there is no separation of electrical charge and no polar bonds, making C2H4 a non-polar molecule.
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Halogens exist in different physical states despite being in the same group. Explain why this is so.
Halogens exist in different physical states despite being in the same group because the reliance on the number of electrons. More and stronger interactions between molecules influence higher temperatures (specifically boiling points). As the atoms increase in size, they grow farther from the center point and are less attracted to it.
What do you understand by molar mass?.
Answer:
Molar mass is the mass of a substance that has 6.022 × 1023 atoms
How many moles of NaOH are needed to make with 45 120 mL of 15% (mass/volume) solution?
360 moles of NaOH are needed to make with 45 120 mL of 15% solution.
What is mole ?The term mole is defined as one mole of any substance is exactly equal to its atomic mass or molecular mass. It is expressed in grams.
The mole is also define as the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities. 1 mole = 6.023 X 10²³
Multiply the molarity by the volume of solution to get the number of moles of solute.
moles of solute = molarity × volume of solution
= 45 × 120 / 15
= 360 moles.
Thus, 360 moles of NaOH are needed to make with 45 120 mL of 15% solution.
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Express the diameter of a ground-state hydrogen atom in meters using power of 10. Do not enter the units; they are provided to the right of the answer box:dH : m
The diameter of a ground-state hydrogen atom using the power of 10, in meters, is 1.058 x 10^{-10} using the value of Bohr radius of Hydrogen atom.
Throughout the development of particle physics, under modern science, scientists have created different models to understand the atom. When we talk about the diameter of an atom, we refer to the Bohr radius, which is the radius from the nucleus to the orbiting shell electron.
In the case of a hydrogen atom, it has one electron, and the Bohr radius in the ground state is 5.29 x 10^{-11} meters.
To find the diameter, we would have to multiply the Bohr radius by 2. as diameter is the double of radius.
Diameter of hydrogen in ground-state = 2 x 5.29 x 10^{-11} meters
= 10.58 x 10^{-11} meters
Thus, the diameter of a hydrogen atom in ground-state, using the value of Bohr radius of hydrogen is 1.058 x 10^{-10} meters using power of 10.
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Is CCl4 a polar covalent bond?.
CCl4 is a nonpolar covalent bond.
This is because the molecule has a symmetrical shape, with the four chlorine atoms arranged around the central carbon atom in a tetrahedral formation. Because the electrons are distributed evenly around the central atom, there is no partial charge on any one side of the molecule, making it nonpolar. As a result, the electrons are evenly distributed among the atoms, resulting in no partial charges. This creates a nonpolar bond because there is no separation of charge, meaning the bond is neutral and has no dipole moment. Additionally, chlorine is more electronegative than carbon, so the electrons are pulled closer to the chlorine atoms, further contributing to the nonpolar nature of the bond.
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How many molecules are present in 64g of SO2?.
To calculate the number of molecules present in 64 grammes of SO2, you first need to know the molar mass of SO2. The molar mass of SO2 is 64.06 g/mol.
Then, you can use the formula: moles = mass divided by molar mass
So, SO2 moles = 64/64.06
The molecular weight of SO2 is approximately 0.998.
Then, you can use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 1023, to calculate the number of molecules:
Molecules = moles multiplied by Avogadro's number
So, molecules of SO2 = 0.998 x 6.022 x 1023
The number of molecules of SO2 present in 64 grammes is approximately 6.00 x 1023.
Note: This is an approximation because the real number of molecules present in 64 g of SO2 can be affected by experimental errors or other sources of uncertainty.
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What volume of Argon gas (at STP) is equal to 1.60 grams of Argon?
1.60 grams of Argon gas at STP is equal to 11.2 L.
What is standard temperature and pressure?
Standard temperature and pressure (STP) is a set of conditions that are commonly used as a reference point for measuring the properties of gases and other substances. At STP, the temperature is defined as 0 degrees Celsius (273.15K) and the pressure is defined as 1 atmosphere (101.325 kPa).
The volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) can be calculated using the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant and T is the temperature.
At STP, the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 0°C (273.15 K)
We can use the equation n = m/M , where n is the number of moles, m is the mass and M is the molar mass.
Given that the mass of Argon is 1.60 grams, we can calculate the number of moles:
n = m/M = 1.60/40 = 0.04 mol
We can substitute the value of n, P, T and R into the ideal gas law to calculate the volume.
V = nRT/P = 0.04 mol * 8.314 J/mol*K * 273.15 K / 1atm = 11.2 L
Therefore, 1.60 grams of Argon gas at STP is equal to 11.2 L.
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What is the need of energy efficiency in cloud computing?.
By optimizing the energy use of cloud computing, businesses can save money on their energy bill and reduce their carbon footprint.
Cloud computing is becoming increasingly popular due to its cost-effectiveness and scalability, but it comes with a cost: energy.
As businesses continue to invest in cloud computing, it is important to understand the need for energy efficiency and the ways this can be achieved.
Furthermore, the most efficient cloud computing systems are more reliable and resilient, making them ideal for businesses that rely on cloud-based services. Investing in energy efficient cloud computing not only saves money, but also helps the environment.
To ensure cloud computing remains a viable long-term solution for businesses, it’s essential for companies to take steps to ensure their cloud infrastructure is energy efficient.
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If motion can produce electric currents from a magnetic field, how could magnets on a railroad provide electricity to a train?
Magnets on a railroad provide electricity to a train by electrifying the propulsion loops generates magnetic fields that both pull the train forward from the front and push it forward from behind.
What is a magnetic field?A magnetic field is described as a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials.
Electrodynamic suspension (EDS) uses superconducting electromagnets or strong permanent magnets that create a magnetic field, this magnetic field induces currents in nearby metallic conductors when there is relative movement and hence pushes and pulls the train towards the designed levitation position on the guide way thereby providing electricity.
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Identify the reagents needed to carry out each transformation, and identify the name of the reaction for each box
In a chemical reaction, reagents can be used to make, measure, or detect other compounds.
What are reagents in organic chemistry?
The term "reagent" in organic chemistry refers to a chemical component (a compound or combination, often composed of tiny inorganic or organic molecules) added to bring about the desired transformation of an organic substance. The Collins reagent, Fenton's reagent, and Grignard reagents are a few examples.
Reactants fluctuate during a chemical reaction, creating a variety of distinct products. While reactants are used to change compounds into new products, solvents are used to dilute solutions or dissolve soluble materials. This distinguishes solvents from reactants.
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what type of chemical bond forms between two atoms bearing opposite charges?
Ionic bonds are created when two oppositely charged ions are attracted to one another by electrostatic force. A chemical element is uniquely defined by its atoms, which are tiny pieces of substance.
An atom is made up of a core nucleus and one or more negatively charged electrons that orbit it. The positively charged, comparatively hefty protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus may be present. Any elementary particle of matter with at least one proton is referred to as an atom. Examples of atoms are neon (N) and hydrogen (H) (Ne). Chemistry's fundamental building component is an atom. It is the lowest fraction of substance into which electrically charged particles cannot be released. It is also the smallest piece of substance with chemical element-like characteristics.
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How would I balance this?
The balanced equation would be [tex]16Cr(s) + 3S_8(s) --- > 8Cr_2S_3 (s)[/tex].
Balancing chemical equationA balanced chemical equation will have as many atoms of different elements in the products as in the reactants. In other words, a balanced chemical equation will obey the law of conservation of atoms.
According to the law of conservation of atoms, atoms can neither be created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to another during the course of chemical reactions.
Following this law, the balanced equation for the reaction would be [tex]16Cr(s) + 3S_8(s) --- > 8Cr_2S_3 (s)[/tex]
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Would you expect hexane to be soluble in water why?
Hexane is not soluble in water.
Hexane is a hydrocarbon compound and is composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbons are nonpolar molecules, and therefore they do not interact well with polar molecules such as water. Because of this, hydrocarbons like hexane tend to be insoluble in polar solvents like water.
Water molecules are polar, which means that they have a partial negative charge on one end and a partial positive charge on the other end. Nonpolar molecules such as hexane, do not have any charges, they do not interact well with water molecules because they do not have any charges to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
Furthermore, Hexane is less dense than water, which means that it will float on top of water and will not mix with it.
In summary, hexane is not expected to be very soluble in water because it is a nonpolar hydrocarbon and does not have any charges to interact with the polar water molecules.
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Which term names the result of two or more atoms combined chemically? A. compound B. gas C. element D. reactant
The result of two or more atoms combines chemically is a molecule. A molecule can also be referred as a compound. Hence the answer to the question is Option A.
Any substance or matter that undergoes a chemical change occurring in a given reaction, especially present at the start of the reaction is called a reactant.
A substance or matter in a state in which it expands freely to fill the whole of space as in container, having no fixed shape (unlike a solid) and having no fixed volume (unlike a liquid) is called a gas.
One of a class of substances or components, that cannot be separated or divided into simpler substances by any chemical means is called an element.
A distinctly formed substance formed by chemical union of two or more ingredients/components such as atoms in definite proportion by weight is called a molecule. A molecule is a group or combined state of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
A compound is a substance/matter which is formed by two or more different types of elements/atoms of elements which are united chemically in a fixed proportion.
Thus, All molecules are not compounds. But, All compounds are molecules.
Hence, the correct answer should be Option A i.e. compound.
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Answer:
compound
Explanation:
no.
In the activity series, the more active elements are found ____________.A. at the bottom. B. in the middle. C. at the top. D. Both (a) and (c)
Answer: At the top
What is Activity Series?
An activity scale is a kind of element classification system that ranks how responsive certain elements are to other elements. The activity series determines reactivity based on how well a particular element can displace hydrogen gas from acidic solutions and water.
Reactivity of elements:
The reactivity of metals is based on imperfect external orbitals or electronic configurations. Metals tend to donate electrons and thus form positively charged ions. Higher atomic number metals tend to be more reactive because their electrons are farther from the positively charged nucleus, making them easier to remove.
Hence, The most reactive metal is at the top of the row and the least reactive metal is at the bottom.
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For an element X it is given that atomic number = 17 and mass number equal 35 write the electronic electron configuration of element X find valency what will be the formula of compound formed between X and Y having valency 3.
Answer:
Electronic configuration of Cl = 2,8,7
Valency of Cl = -1
Explanation:
Given,
The atomic number of X = 17
Element with atomic number 17 = Chlorine(Cl)
The mass number of element = 35
Electronic configuration of Cl = 2,8,7
Valency of Cl = -1
A McLeod gauge measures low gas pressures by com- pressing a known volume of the gas at constant temperature. If 345 cm of gas is compressed to a volume of 0.0457 cm³ under a pressure of 2.51 kPa, what was the original gas pressure?
The pressure of a gas is the force that the gas exerts on the walls of its container.
How do you determine the initial pressure of a gas?Let’s start with the ideal gas law, PV = nRT. In this equation, ‘P’ represents atmospheric pressure, ‘V’ represents volume in liters, ‘n’ represents the number of particles in moles, ‘T’ represents temperature in Kelvin, and ‘R’ represents the ideal gas constant (0.0821 liter atmospheres per moles Kelvin). The force that a gas exerts on the walls of its container is defined as its pressure.
When you blow air into a balloon, it expands because the pressure of air molecules on the interior of the balloon is greater than on the outside. Pressure is a characteristic that governs the direction of mass flow.
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4. A study of the ammonia synthesis at 450°C, N₂ + 3H2 → 2NH3, shows that the rate increases by a factor of 9 when the
partial pressure of hydrogen is tripled and the nitrogen pressure is kept constant. The rate increases by a factor of 27 when
the partial pressure of nitrogen is tripled and the hydrogen is kept constant. (a) Find the rate law for the reaction. (B) How
will the rate change if the hydrogen and nitrogen are both doubled?
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) + Heat is our equilibrium reaction. Let's imagine that we raise the nitrogen gas concentration. We anticipate a rightward change in the equilibrium.
Which reactant, and why 2h2 G o2 G 2h2o L, is the limiting reagent?So, the limiting reagent is oxygen. Let's now determine how much hydrogen is present in excess in the reaction mixture. We'll calculate how many moles of hydrogen are needed to react with 0.4688 moles of dioxygen for that.
If the amounts of both reactants are doubled, what happens to the reaction rate?The rate doubles when the concentration doubles. The rate is inversely related to the square of the reactant concentration. The rate increases by four times when the concentration is doubled.
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What i a cenario where it might be important for you to meaure or calculate volume correctly and why
Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. It is typically measured using cubic units, and estimated using a variety of formulas. For example, a rectangular bathtub that is 1 foot tall, 2 feet wide, and 4 feet long will have a volume of 8 cubic feet.
Finding the volume of an object can help us to determine the amount required to fill that object, like the amount of water needed to fill a bottle, an aquarium or a water tank.
How to measure volume“Volume is the measure of the 3-dimensional space occupied by matter, or enclosed by a surface,” according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s U.S. Office of Weights and Measures. Simply stated, it is the amount of liquid or gas that will take up a defined space.
Commonly measured in cubic units, the standard unit of volume is a cubic meter. Depending on what you are measuring, you can then break it down into the smaller cubic decimeter—known as a liter—and the cubic centimeter, better known as a milliliter
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What is theoretical yield in moles of oxygen when there are 18.3 moles of hydrogen ?
2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O
The theoretical yield of the water in the reaction is 329.4 g.
What is the theoretical yield?
We know that we can be able to obtain the theoretical yield when we look at the stoichiometry of the reaction that we have here. In this case, it is clear that would need to rely on the reaction equation and it would be our guide.
We have that;
2 moles of hydrogen would produce 2 moles of water
18.3 moles of hydrogen would also produce 18.2 moles of water.
Theoretical yield of water would now be;
18.3 * 18 g/mol
= 329.4 g
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The amount of energy required to change 20g of H₂0 to steam is +50 kJ. Calculate the standard heat of vapourization.
The standard heat of vaporization of H₂0 is +2.5 kJ/g.
What is standard heat?The standard heat of formation of a compound is described as the change of enthalpy during the formation of 1 mole of the substance from its constituent elements in their reference state, with all substances in their standard states.
To calculate it, we need to divide the total energy required to change the 20g of H₂0 to steam by the amount of substance being vaporized.
The amount is 20 g
the total energy required = 50kj
Therefore the standard heat of vaporization of H₂0 is 20/50 = +2.5 kJ/g
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The modern periodic table arranges the element in order of the increasing
O atomic mass
O atomic number
O mass number
O atomic mass unit
Answer:
atomic number
Explanation:
# of protons
This is a two part question
Moles to volume (L). How many liters of H₂ are in
13.74 moles of H₂?
Volume (L) to moles. How many moles of O₂ are in
548 Liters of O₂?
1st question : There will be 308.76 liters of H₂ in 13.75 moles. 2nd question : There will be 24.48 moles of 548 liters of O₂ .
For first part, Given we have 13.74 moles of H₂. We know its molecular mass which is 2 grams/mole. Now calculating the total mass :
⇒molecular mass x moles
⇒ 2 x 13.74
⇒27.48 grams
Now, we know that density = mass/volume, Therefore, Volume = mass/density. The density of Hydrogen gas is 0.089 g/l
∴ total mass/ density = volume
⇒27.48 grams/0.089 g/l
⇒308.76 liters
For 2nd part, We can calculate total mass of Oxygen gas by the same density formula which is mass = density x volume. The density of oxygen gas is 1.43 g/l. Therefore,
⇒1.43 x 548
⇒783.64 grams
Now, we can calculate moles by dividing total mass by molecular mas (molecular mass of oxygen gas is 32 grams/mole)
⇒ 783.64/32
⇒24.48 moles
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Where are all the noble gases found in the periodic table?
A. Period 1 B. Period 7 C. Group 1 D. Group 18
All the noble gases are found in Group 18 of the periodic table. Hence, Option D is the correct answer
The noble gases are a group of elements found in the periodic table. They are characterized by their stability and low reactivity. The noble gases are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. All these elements are located in the same group in the Periodic Table, Group 18, also known as the "inert gases" group. They are located on the far right-hand side of the table, and they have the highest electron configurations, which makes them chemically unreactive.
In summary, the noble gases are found in Group 18 of the periodic table and they are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.
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Where are the biggest biodiversity hotspots around the world?
1)Tropical Rain Forest
2)Islands
3)Coral Reef
4)The National Park
Answer: #1 is the awnser
Explanation: trus me
N₂ + H₂=NH3
What volume of hydrogen is necessary to react with 8.0 L of nitrogen to produce ammonia at STP?
The rate of concentration change for hydrogen in the reaction N2 + 3H2 +NH3 is -0.3x10-4 Ms-1.
What is the limiting reactant of N2 3H2 --> NH3?N2(g)+3H2(g) NH3 (g) If equal amounts of each reactant are utilised, hydrogen will be the limiting agent because it takes 3 moles of hydrogen to produce 1 mole of ammonia.The mole ratio for ammonia and nitrogen gas is 2:1, as illustrated by the chemical equation for ammonia generation in figure 1.NPC:N Ratio Calculation in a Parenteral Nutrition Tutorial. Following are the calculations for the nonprotein kcalorie to nitrogen ratio (NPC:N): Calculate the amount of nitrogen you consume each day (1 g N = 6.25 g protein). Subtract grammes of nitrogen from the overall nonprotein kcals. It is the ratio of a substance's mass of carbon to nitrogen (in this case, soil).To learn more about change refer to:
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which gas must not enter the carboy in order for fermentation to occur?
For fermentation process to successfully occur, Oxygen gas (O2) must not enter the carboy, because the pyruvate used in the process, gets completely oxidized when oxygen gas is present.
Fermentation is a metabolic process that always must take place in the absence of oxygen. Many of the beneficial microorganisms, create desired changes in different types of beverages and foods through this process of fermentation. And the resulting products of fermentation reaction thus formed, have better/more favorable flavor and taste, and also more life as they get preserved during the process. In addition to this, these microorganisms also provide several health benefits.
The process of fermentation to occur successfully, does not require oxygen gas as it is an anaerobic process. If by any chance or means, oxygen gas is present, the pyruvate used would be completely oxidized during the reaction forming carbon dioxide and water molecules as the by products, by the action of yeast spiration. Moreover, these yeast species needed in the reaction, produce ethanol only in an anaerobic (oxygen-less) environment by another process called the Pasteur Effect.
There are generally three types of fermentation processes based on the end products obtained using the pyruvate. They are:
Acetic Acid Fermentation, Lactic Acid Fermentation, and Alcoholic Fermentation.
Therefore, Oxygen Gas is the correct answer to this question.
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