To calculate the percentage change in the bond's price if its YTM increases 75 basis points, we can use the following formula.
[tex]% Change in bond price = - Duration × ΔYTM + (Convexity × ΔYTM²) / 2[/tex] Where: Duration = 4.45ΔYTM = 75 basis points = 0.75%Convexity = 25.59 Therefore, [tex]% Change in bond price = - 4.45 × 0.75 + (25.59 × 0.75²) / 2= - 3.3375 + 11.4141= 8.0766[/tex] The percentage change in the bond's price if its YTM increases 75 basis points is approximately 8.08%.
To estimate the percentage change in the bond's price using modified duration and the convexity correction if the bond's YTM increases 75 basis points, we can use the following formula:[tex]% Change in bond price = - Duration × ΔYTM + (Convexity × ΔYTM²) / 2[/tex]Where: [tex]Duration = 4.45ΔYTM = 75[/tex] [tex]basis points = 0.75%Convexity = 25.59.[/tex]
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A long-term debt issue sold simultaneously in several different national capital markets, but denominated in a currency different than the nation of that issue is called a(an) : Multiple Choice a) world bond.b) international capital bond. c) floating bond.
A long-term debt issue sold simultaneously in several different national capital markets, but denominated in a currency different than the nation of that issue is called a world bond.
A world bond, also known as a global bond, refers to a long-term debt security that is issued and sold simultaneously in multiple national capital markets. It is denominated in a currency that is different from the nation where the bond is issued. The purpose of issuing world bonds is to tap into various global markets and attract a broader range of investors. By offering the bond in different currencies, issuers can diversify their investor base and potentially benefit from favorable interest rates or investor preferences in specific markets.
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According to Batliwala and Dhranj, "Giving poor women access to
economic resources – such as credit – leads to their overall
empowerment."
True
False
Thus, empowering women financially should be prioritized by governments and international organizations to ensure sustainable development and reduce poverty levels.
This statement is true.Batliwala and Dhranj's claim is grounded on a well-established understanding of the importance of financial resources in fostering economic empowerment. For instance, poor women are frequently held back by financial barriers, including limited access to credit, lack of job opportunities, and inadequate income.
Economic empowerment is thus critical to breaking the cycle of poverty and ensuring that women achieve equal rights and opportunities.As a result, governments and international organizations should devote more resources to programs and initiatives that promote women's economic empowerment.
Moreover, providing credit to poor women may not only assist them in developing their businesses and increasing their revenue streams but also help to build their confidence and enhance their bargaining power.The bottom line is that economic empowerment for women is critical in developing countries where they are most vulnerable to financial barriers and economic exploitation.
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When the Federal Reserve buys assets on the open market the monetary base declines because funds flow out of the Fed to the commercial banking system.
True
False
If the reserve requirement is 100% then a $1,000 increase in reserves will lead to a $1,000 increase in M1.
True
False
The Federal Reserve buys assets on the open market the monetary base declines because funds flow out of the Fed to the commercial banking system.
On the other hand, when the Federal Reserve sells securities, it receives payment from the dealer, which reduces the dealer's reserve balance and lowers the monetary base as well. The monetary base is the sum of reserves held by commercial banks and the currency in circulation.
Reserve requirements are the minimum amount of reserves that banks must maintain against their deposits. When the reserve requirement is 100%, then a[tex]$1,000[/tex] increase in reserves will lead to a [tex]$1,000[/tex] increase in M1.False When the reserve requirement is 100%, then a [tex]$1,000[/tex] increase in reserves will lead to a [tex]$1,000[/tex] increase in the monetary base, not M1.
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What are some common pitfalls of intelligence analysis, and how can you avoid them?
Some common pitfalls of intelligence analysis include biases, limited data or incomplete information, and cognitive traps.
Intelligence analysis is a complex process that involves gathering and evaluating information to produce accurate and meaningful insights.
However, there are several common pitfalls that analysts may encounter.
Here are some of them and strategies to avoid them:
1. Cognitive biases:
Analysts can fall victim to cognitive biases, such as confirmation bias (favoring information that supports pre-existing beliefs) or anchoring bias (relying too heavily on initial information).
To mitigate this, analysts should consciously challenge their assumptions, seek diverse perspectives, and consider alternative hypotheses.
2. Lack of objectivity:
Personal opinions and biases can influence analysis.
It is important for analysts to strive for objectivity and separate personal beliefs from the analytical process.
Applying structured analytic techniques, peer review, and external validation can help in maintaining objectivity.
3. Incomplete or biased data:
Limited or biased data can lead to incomplete or inaccurate analysis.
Analysts should be aware of the limitations of their data sources and seek multiple, reliable sources to gather comprehensive information.
It is important to critically evaluate the quality and reliability of the data used in the analysis.
4. Overconfidence:
Analysts may become overly confident in their assessments, leading to unwarranted certainty.
To avoid this, analysts should communicate uncertainties and limitations associated with their analysis.
They should also encourage continuous review and update of analysis as new information becomes available.
5. Lack of collaboration and information sharing:
Analysts working in isolation may miss out on valuable insights or alternative perspectives.
Collaborative approaches, such as team analysis, red teaming, and interagency cooperation, can help overcome this pitfall.
Sharing information and engaging in constructive dialogue with other analysts can enhance the quality of analysis.
6. Inadequate communication of analysis:
Even the most accurate and insightful analysis is ineffective if it is not communicated clearly and effectively.
Analysts should use appropriate visualization techniques, avoid jargon, and tailor their communication to the intended audience.
Feedback from recipients of the analysis can help refine communication strategies.
7. Failure to update analysis:
Intelligence analysis is an iterative process, and new information can emerge that requires updating previous assessments.
Analysts should remain vigilant, continuously monitor developments, and be prepared to revise their analysis based on new evidence or changing circumstances.
By being aware of these common pitfalls and employing strategies to mitigate them, intelligence analysts can enhance the accuracy, objectivity, and usefulness of their analysis.
Ongoing training, critical thinking, and a commitment to professional standards are essential in avoiding these pitfalls and improving the overall quality of intelligence analysis.
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Using Financial Calculator
*10. A company borrows \( \$ 46,825 \) for office equipment. The company agrees to make semiannual payments for \( 7 \frac{1}{2} \) years at \( 8 \% \) per year. Find the amount of the semiannual paym
To find out the semiannual payment of the company which borrowed $46,825 for office equipment, with semiannual payments for 7 1/2 years at 8% per annum can be calculated using the financial calculator.
For this, we will use the formula: PMT
= PV / (((1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r) * (1 + r))Where, PV
= Present value of annuit PMT
= rate per period n
= number of periods Now, putting the values in the formula, we have, PV
= 46825r
= 0.08/2
= 0.04n
= 7.5 x 2
= 15So, PMT
= 46825 / (((1 - (1 + 0.04)^(-15)) / 0.04) * (1 + 0.04))= $3,749.06The amount of the semiannual payment of the company is $3,749.06.
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ABC Corp was invoiced $315,000 from XYZ Corp last year ... they earned a 1% volume rebate on their first $60,000, a 2.5% rebate on the next $120,000, and a 3.5% rebate on their balance over $180,000. What was their total rebate with XYZ Corp last year? Show your calculation. Use brackets if necessary. ____________________________-
ABC Corp purchased 315,000 worth of products from XYZ Corp last year.
They earned a volume rebate of 1% on their first 60,000, 2.5% on the next 120,000, and 3.5% on the balance over 180,000.
We can calculate the rebate earned using the following formula:
Volume rebate = (rebate percentage / 100) * (purchase amount)
So, for ABC Corp:
Rebate on first 60,000 = (1 / 100) * 60,000 = 600Rebate on next 120,000 = (2.5 / 100) * 120,000 = 3,000
Rebate on remaining 135,000 (315,000 - 60,000 - 120,000) = (3.5 / 100) *
135,000 = 4,725
The total rebate earned by ABC Corp is:
600 + 3,000 + 4,725 = 8,325
Hence, ABC Corp's total rebate with XYZ Corp last year is 8,325.
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The unadjusted trial balance: Multiple Choice indicates whether or not errors were made in recording transactions. generally lists account names in alphabetical order. is a preliminary financial statement for external and internal users. is created to determine that total debits equal total credits.
The unadjusted trial balance is a preliminary financial statement for external and internal users. It is created to determine whether the total debits equal total credits. Additionally, it indicates whether or not errors were made in recording transactions.
It generally lists account names in the order in which they appear in the ledger, rather than in alphabetical order.The unadjusted trial balance serves as the starting point for preparing financial statements and is created at the end of an accounting period. The purpose of an unadjusted trial balance is to verify the equality of debits and credits in the general ledger.
This allows errors that have occurred during the accounting period to be detected early on before they become bigger issues in later stages of the accounting cycle.
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a user calls the helpdesk and wants to know where she can find the company's policy about virus protection. to which policy should you refer her?
As per the user's inquiry of where she can find the company's policy regarding virus protection, she must be referred to the company's IT Security Policy.
The IT Security Policy is designed to safeguard the organization's information and technology assets by protecting them from damage, unauthorized access, theft, and other malicious activities. This policy provides guidance to the organization's IT department on information security, as well as outlines the expectations of employees regarding technology use and security procedures.
A typical IT Security Policy would cover the following topics:- Acceptable use of technology- Password management- Access control- Data protection- System monitoring- Incident management- Network security- Remote access and mobile devices- Third-party security policies and contracts The IT Security Policy would also highlight what is expected from employees with regards to cybersecurity, such as reporting any suspicious activity, not sharing passwords, keeping antivirus up to date, and ensuring all devices have up-to-date security patches.
With the information provided in this policy, the user would have a clear understanding of the company's policy on virus protection. It would be advisable to provide the user with a brief summary of the policy and inform her of where she can access it.
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Akhyar Food Industry is a well-known and reputable frozen food supplier. The company is currently deciding whether to expand its sales to supply frozen food to Vietnam. If they enter this new market, the sales are expected to increase by RM10 million. The company also knows that 10% of its sales will ultimately be uncollectible. In addition, all new sales will incur collection costs of 2%, while production and selling costs will be 75% of sales. The accounts receivable tums over is 12.5 times per year. Required: Recommend whether Akhyar Food Industry should enter the new market in Vietnam based on the net profit/(loss) arise. (show all workings)
The relevant calculation and information for determining if Akhyar Food Industry should enter the Vietnamese market is provided below: Sales: RM10,000,000
Expected Bad Debt = 10% x RM10,000,000 = RM1,000,000
Revenue - Bad Debt = RM10,000,000 - RM1,000,000 = RM9,000,000
Collection Costs = 2% x RM10,000,000 = RM200,000
Gross Revenue = RM9,000,000 - RM200,000 = RM8,800,000
Production and Selling Costs = 75% of Gross Revenue = 75% x RM8,800,000 = RM6,600,000
Net Profit = Gross Revenue - Production and Selling Costs
Net Profit = RM8,800,000 - RM6,600,000 = RM2,200,000
Accounts Receivable Turnover = 12.5 times Ave
rage Receivables = Sales / Accounts Receivable Turnover
Average Receivables = RM10,000,000 / 12.5 = RM800,000
Receivable Collection Period = 365 Days / Accounts Receivable Turnover
Receivable Collection Period = 365 / 12.5 = 29.2 days
Net Profit Ratio = Net Profit / Sales
Net Profit Ratio = RM2,200,000 / RM10,000,000
Net Profit Ratio = 22%Conclusion: As we can see from the above calculation, if Akhyar Food Industry enters the Vietnamese market, it can expect to achieve a net profit of RM2.2 million. Therefore, they should enter the new market in Vietnam based on the net profit/(loss) arise.
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in the case strategic human resource management, it is obvious that dean blake's strategy and human resource policies were not appropriate. this explains the lack of support among the faculty. question 1 options: true false
The statement provided about strategic human resource management is an opinion and cannot be evaluated as true or false without further context or evidence.
In order to assess whether Dean Blake's approach and HR rules were suitable or not, as well as if they account for the faculty's lack of support, it is important to have a fuller understanding of the unique circumstances and elements at play. It would rely on a number of variables, including Dean Blake's individual decisions and actions, organizational culture, faculty expectations, and other contextual elements.
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When a company chooses to divest a particular strategic business unit, it ________.(sells off or phases out the strategic business unit)
When a company chooses to divest a particular strategic business unit, it can either sell off or phase out the strategic business unit, depending on the specific circumstances and objectives of the company.
Sell off: Selling off a strategic business unit involves finding a buyer for the unit and transferring ownership to them. This option is typically chosen when the company believes that selling the business unit will result in a favorable financial outcome. It may be done to generate funds, reduce debt, streamline operations, or focus resources on core business areas.
Phase out: Phasing out a strategic business unit involves gradually reducing or discontinuing its operations over a period of time. This approach is typically chosen when the company determines that the business unit no longer aligns with its long-term goals or does not offer sufficient growth potential.
Phasing out allows the company to wind down operations, minimize disruptions, and reallocate resources to more promising areas.
The decision to sell off or phase out a strategic business unit depends on various factors such as market conditions, financial considerations, strategic priorities, and the potential impact on employees and stakeholders. It requires careful evaluation and analysis to determine the most appropriate course of action for the company's overall growth and profitability.
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QUESTION 1 You are the newly appointed audit manager in charge of the audit of an existing client, PharmaSure (Pty) Ltd, a group of 7 private medical clinics. Although this is the first time that you are involved in this client's audit, it is not your first exposure to a client in the health industry. The reporting deadlines for the audit are fairly tight. Some recent events in the PharmaSure group include the following: - An internal audit division was established during the year, comprising of well-experienced and qualified staff members. - The group has established a group of clinics operational in the rural areas. These clinics are audited by another audit firm. Three new directors were appointed during the year. - The government recently announced that they would intervene in increases announced by orivate hospital groups in order to ensure affordable hospital care. - The legislation on the pricing of medicine resulted in a significant decrease in profits earned on medicine. - The group was involved in the development of PharmaClaims, a system developed to facilitate electronic switching of claims and payments between medical practitioners and medical aid schemes. The system was, however, not completed within the expected time frame, which lead to significant losses to the group, putting strain on their cash flow position. - The group is currently involved in two claims against them based on the negligence by their medical staff. The CEO has, however, indicated that they would be fighting these claims. The following information is a summary of the interim results of PharmaSure (Pty) Ltd: You commenced your planning for the audit of PharmaSure (Pty) Ltd three months before yearend. YOU ARE REQUIRED TO: 1.1 List the benefits of proper planning to the audit. (5) Page 10 of 20 FACULTY OF COMMERCE, MANAGEMENT AND LAW 1.2 Discuss, under suitable headings, any aspects that you will consider and procedures that you will perform during the planning stage of the current year audit of PharmaSure (Pty) Ltd. (20)
To ensure adequate planning and coordination of the audit work with the audit team
Benefits of proper planning to the audit of Pharma Sure (Pty) Ltd
There are a number of benefits of proper planning to the audit of Pharma Sure (Pty) Ltd. These benefits include the following: Enhanced audit quality
Efficient and effective utilization of resources Ensure that the audit is performed within the time frame Reduce the possibility of audit failure Adequate scope of work helps in reducing the possibility of missed audit objectives1.
2 Procedures that will be performed during the planning stage of the current year audit of Pharma Sure (Pty) Ltd
There are several procedures that will be performed during the planning stage of the current year audit of Pharma Sure (Pty) Ltd, which include: Performing a detailed review of the previous year's audit files
To identify the significant risks associated with the business of Pharma Sure (Pty) Ltd Conducting a thorough assessment of the internal control system of the organization in place
To identify the areas that need significant improvement Understanding the business and the industry
To help in understanding the nature of the business and its industry, which would assist in identifying potential risk areas Conducting a discussion with the management team
To obtain a clear understanding of the company's strategy, objectives, and the financial reporting process Conducting a preliminary assessment of materiality
To identify and assess the material risks associated with the business of Pharma Sure (Pty) Ltd Preparing the audit plan
To ensure adequate planning and coordination of the audit work with the audit team
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A wage and quantity graph with a downward sloping Demand (D) line, and upward sloping MFC and Supply (S) lines, as well as W1, W2, and W3 labeled on the Wage axis and Q1 and Q2 labeled on the Quantity axis. MFC starts at the same point as S and then increases faster than S, remaining above it. MFC and D intersect at W3 and Q1, S and D intersect at W2 and Q2. W1 and Q2 is the point on S directly below the intersection of MFC and D.
Given the above graph of the supply, demand, and marginal factor cost (MFC) of labor, which of the following represent the equilibrium wage and quantity of workers in the monopsonistic labor market and the socially-optimal wage and quantity of workers?
1. Equilibrium: W3, Q1; Socially-optimal: W1, Q1
2. Equilibrium: W2, Q2; Socially-optimal: W3, Q1
3. Equilibrium: W1, Q1; Socially-optimal: W2, Q2
4. Equilibrium: W1, Q2; Socially-optimal: W1, Q2
5. Equilibrium: W2, Q2; Socially-optimal: W1, Q1
Expert Answer
A monopsonistic labor market exists when there is only one employer in a given field, giving them power over both the wage and the quantity of workers employed. The graph illustrates the supply, demand, and marginal factor cost of labor.
The downward sloping demand curve shows the demand for labor, while the upward sloping MFC curve represents the marginal factor cost of hiring workers. At W3 and Q1, the intersection of MFC and D occurs. This is the equilibrium wage and quantity of labor in the monopsonistic labor market.
However, this is not the socially-optimal level of employment, as it is less than the competitive market level of employment.
In the socially-optimal case, the competitive market should exist, which would be represented by the point where supply and demand intersect.
This would be where the equilibrium wage and quantity are both socially-optimal. Since W1 and Q2 is the point on S directly below the intersection of MFC and D, we can conclude that in the socially-optimal case, the equilibrium is at W1 and
Q1. Thus, the answer is 3.
Equilibrium:
W1, Q1;
Socially-optimal:
W2, Q2.
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given the importance of global trade to the united states, a delicate balance exists between security and the efficient flow of global commerce.
Global trade plays an important role in the United States economy, but it is also essential to maintain a delicate balance between security and the efficient flow of global commerce.
The government of the United States has put many measures in place to ensure that their country remains secure while allowing the trade to flow freely.The United States is the world's largest economy, and international trade is crucial to maintain and grow that position. Therefore, the US government has made security its priority, especially after the 9/11 attacks, by putting in place measures to ensure the safe movement of goods and people. They have worked with other countries to create mutually beneficial partnerships to promote global trade.Security measures such as customs and border protection,
immigration and naturalization, and the Transportation Security Administration have been set up to manage the safe movement of goods and people. Moreover, modern technology, such as biometric screening and x-ray technology, has been employed to ensure that the US ports of entry are safe and secure while allowing the efficient flow of trade.In addition, the US government has been working with other countries to create a more open trade environment by signing international agreements such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP).
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Deed often used by a bank to transfer a property that it had taken after foreclosure from the previous owner?
1) General Warranty Deed
2) Special Purpose Deed
3) Quit Claim Deed
4) Bargain and Sale Deed
In the context of a bank transferring a property it had taken after foreclosure from the previous owner, the most commonly used deed is the Bargain and Sale Deed.The correct answer is option 4.
A Bargain and Sale Deed is a type of deed that conveys the property from the bank (the grantor) to the new owner (the grantee). This deed implies that the bank acquired the property through foreclosure or some other non-voluntary means and does not provide any warranties or guarantees about the property's title or condition.
Unlike a General Warranty Deed, which guarantees the property's title and provides the highest level of protection to the grantee, the Bargain and Sale Deed only transfers the property's ownership without making any warranties.
It is a common choice for banks when transferring foreclosed properties as they typically do not want to assume any liability or responsibility for potential title issues or defects in the property.
The Special Purpose Deed and Quit Claim Deed are not typically used by banks in this specific scenario. The Special Purpose Deed is usually reserved for specific purposes or circumstances outlined in the deed itself, while the Quit Claim Deed is often used to transfer property between parties without any warranties or guarantees.
However, neither of these deeds is as commonly used by banks when transferring foreclosed properties as the Bargain and Sale Deed.
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subject; Foundation of management Thought
Faculty: Event management
(2500 words)
Answer four (4) questions out of the six listed below. The recommended word count for EACH of your answers is about 500 words. (Max, 40 marks). Each question carries equal marks. 1. Contradictory Theories Select two (2) management theories and identify and briefly explain two of their main contradictions (where they differ). Use an example from the contemporary workplace to identify how each of these theories is applied in a real-world setting. [10.00 marks) 2. Organisational Politics How are organisational politics (OP) manifested in the workplace? Rationalise how these politics are managed differently by differing organisational types (choose 2 different organisational types, imaginary or real, to support your response). [10.00 marks] 3. Power in Organisations Critically analyse the concept of power in organisations. What does it mean and how is it applied constructively to create better teams? Cite an example to illustrate your definition. [10.00 marks] 4. Organisational Structure & Empowerment Identify the differences between more centralised and less centralised organisational structures particularly with respect to employee empowerment. Utilise an example from your own workplace or one you are familiar with to illustrate the impact of one of the structures on staff performance. [10.00 marks) 5. The Role of Organisational Culture Interpret the role of culture in affecting an employee's view of what makes a manager a leader and what makes an employee a follower. Utilise the "Symbolic View of Management" in supporting your argument. [10.00 mark) Page 1 of 3 6. Team Management Critique two (2) of the four different perspectives on management that relate to the management of the team, the manager, the work and the collaboration. Cite an example of one (1) of these perspectives from work place scenario that, in your opinion , is important attrubute of collaborative management (10 .00 marks)
Contradictory Theories: Choose two management theories that have conflicting viewpoints or concepts.
Organisational Politics: Discuss how organizational politics are manifested in the workplace. Compare and contrast how different types of organizations manage these politics differently. Choose two different organizational types (real or imaginary) to support your response.
Power in Organizations:
Analyze the concept of power in organizations and its constructive application in creating better teams. Define what power means in this context and provide an example to illustrate your definition.
Organizational Structure & Empowerment:
Highlight the differences between more centralized and less centralized organizational structures, particularly in terms of employee empowerment. Use an example from your own workplace or a familiar one to demonstrate the impact of one of these structures on staff performance.
The Role of Organizational Culture: Interpret the role of organizational culture in shaping an employee's perception of a manager as a leader and an employee as a follower. Support your argument by referencing the "Symbolic View of Management."
Team Management: Critically evaluate two perspectives on team management related to the management of the team, the manager, the work, and collaboration. Choose one perspective that you consider an important attribute of collaborative management and provide an example from a workplace scenario to support your viewpoint.
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Simplify (\mathbf{s} \vee{W}) \wedge \neg(\neg{s} \wedge{W}) to {S} 1. Select a law from the right to apply (S \vee W) \wedge \neg(\neg S \wedge W)
The given expression is :
[tex]$$(s \vee W) \wedge \neg(\neg s \wedge W)$$[/tex]
We will simplify this expression to S. Using the De Morgan's Laws, we have:[tex]$$\neg(\neg s \wedge W)[/tex]
= [tex](\neg \neg s) \vee \neg W$$ $$\Rightarrow s \vee \neg W$$[/tex]
Thus, the given expression becomes:
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}(s \vee W) \wedge (s \vee \neg W) = s \vee (W \wedge \neg W) \\ &= s \vee F \\ &= S\end{aligned}$$[/tex]
Thus, the simplified expression is S.
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Suppose a certain home improvement outlet knows that the monthly demand for framing studs is 2,700 when the price is $4.19 each but that the demand is 3,500 when the price is $3.95 each. Assuming that the demand function is linear, write its equation. Use p for price (in dollars) and q for quantity
This is the equation for the linear demand function of framing studs.
To write the demand function equation, we can use the point-slope form of a linear equation, which is:
(q - q₁) = m(p - p₁)
Where:
q = Quantity demanded
p = Price
(q₁, p₁) = Given point on the demand curve
Given that the demand for framing studs is 2,700 when the price is $4.19 each (q₁ = 2700, p₁ = 4.19) and the demand is 3,500 when the price is $3.95 each (q₂ = 3500, p₂ = 3.95), we can substitute these values into the equation:
(q - 2700) = m(p - 4.19)
Now we can calculate the slope (m) using the two points:
m = (q₂ - q₁) / (p₂ - p₁)
= (3500 - 2700) / (3.95 - 4.19)
= 800 / (-0.24)
= -3333.33 (approximately)
Substituting the slope and one of the points back into the equation, we have:
(q - 2700) = -3333.33(p - 4.19)
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Mobile T inc. Purchased equipment for $100,000 on January 1, Year 1. The equipment had an estimated 10-year useful life and a $20,000 salvage value. McCarron uses the straight-line depreciation method. In its Year 2 income statement, what amount should McCarron report as depreciation expense for the equipment?
In its Year 2 income statement, McCarron should report a depreciation expense of $8,000 for the equipment purchased from Mobile T Inc. on January 1, Year 1. This depreciation expense is calculated using the straight-line depreciation method, which evenly distributes the cost of the equipment over its useful life.
The straight-line depreciation method divides the cost of the equipment ($100,000) minus the salvage value ($20,000) by the useful life (10 years) to determine the annual depreciation expense. In this case, the depreciable base is $80,000 ($100,000 - $20,000), and when divided by 10 years, it results in an annual depreciation expense of $8,000.
By reporting $8,000 as the depreciation expense in its Year 2 income statement, McCarron accurately reflects the gradual reduction in the value of the equipment over time, ensuring the recognition of appropriate expenses associated with its use.
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Consider a sophisticated decision-maker with present-biased (β−δ) preferences. A task must be done on day 1, day 2 , or day 3 , and, once done, generates a future benefit of v. The cost of doing the task (in terms of foregone fun), experienced at the time that the task is done, is 2 on day 1,4 on day 2 , and 8 on day 3 . Assume δ=1. If β<0.5, then, if the decision maker gets to day 2 and has not yet done the task: Regardless of whether he is sophisticated or naive, he will do the task immediately. Regardless of whether he is sophisticated or naive, he will put the task off. If naive, he will put the task off. If sophisticated, he will put the task off.
The task in the given scenario must be completed on either day 1, day 2, or day 3. After completion, the task will result in a future benefit of v, while its cost in terms of foregone fun is experienced when the task is done, which is 2 on day 1, 4 on day 2, and 8 on day 3.
Assume δ=1. If β<0.5, then, if the decision maker gets to day 2 and has not yet done the task:Regardless of whether he is sophisticated or naive, he will do the task immediately.A decision-maker is considered sophisticated if he knows that he is biased in favor of immediate rewards (i.e., his β exceeds δ). On the other hand, a decision-maker is considered naive if he does not recognize this bias.
If β<0.5, the decision-maker is biased against immediate rewards, making it more difficult to start the task earlier. Despite the fact that the cost of doing the task will increase over time, the benefit that the decision-maker will get by waiting until later will outweigh the cost since he is biased against immediate rewards. As a result, he will put the task off. Hence, if the decision maker gets to day 2 and has not yet done the task, and β<0.5, he will put the task off whether he is naive or sophisticated.
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a ________ consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve.
A market consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve.
A market is defined as a collection of individuals or companies who are interested in buying a product or service.
This group is composed of people or businesses that share a common need for a product or service and have the willingness and ability to pay for it.
The market size refers to the number of people or companies in the market who might be interested in buying a particular product.
For example, if a company sells a new line of t-shirts and estimates that 150 people in the market will buy them, the market size for that particular product is 150.
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___________________________ is the process of conveying information in such a way that the message is received and understood.
Communication is the process of conveying information in such a way that the message is received and understood.
It is an essential skill that every person needs to learn in order to establish relationships with others, to learn, to convey ideas and emotions, and to get things done.Communication can take many forms, including verbal, nonverbal, written, and visual. Verbal communication involves the use of spoken words, while nonverbal communication includes facial expressions, body language, and other nonverbal cues that convey meaning. Written communication is conveyed through written words, such as letters, memos, and emails, while visual communication includes the use of images, diagrams, and other visual aids to convey information. In order for communication to be effective, the message must be clear, concise, and relevant to the receiver. The receiver must also be receptive to the message and be willing to listen and understand what is being said. Communication is a two-way process that involves both the sender and the receiver. It requires active listening, feedback, and the ability to adapt to different communication styles.
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The Counting Crows Company uses normal costing. The company began operations at the beginning of Year 1. Because the company is new and because they only make one product, overhead is charged to production on the basis of product units. The denominator level for both Year 1 and Year 2 is 20,000 product units. The budgeted overhead at 20,000 units for both Year 1 and for Year 2 is $60,000 variable and $100,000 fixed. During Year 1, the company actually produced 21,000 units and sold 18,000 units. During Year 2, the company actually produced 22,000 and sold 21,000 units. The company carries no Work in Process inventories and uses the FIFO method to assign costs to Finished Goods as needed. Any underallocated or overallocated overhead is charged totally to Cost of Goods Sold at the end of the year. For both years, the actual direct materials cost was $8 per unit and the actual direct labor cost was $6 per unit. The actual variable overhead cost in Year 2 was $64,000 and the actual fixed overhead cost in Year 2 was $102,000. Question 1 2 pts Assume that the Unadjusted Cost of Goods Sold for Year 2 was $357,000 using variable costing. Compute the Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold using variable costing for Year 2. Do not put a dollar sign in your answer. D Question 2 2 pts Assume that the Unadjusted Cost of Goods Sold for Year 2 was $462,000 using absorption costing. Compute the Adjusted Cost of Goods sold using absorption costing for Year 2. Do not put a dollar sign in your answer. Question 3 2 pts Using absorption costing, how much fixed overhead that happened in Year 2 would be carried over into Year 3? Do not put a dollar sign in your answer. D Question 4 2 pts In Year 1, the net operating income for the company was $35,000 using absorption costing. What would the net operating income for Year 1 be using variable costing? Note: This question is for Year 1 NOT YEAR 2. You should use a reconciliation to find this answer. Do not put a dollar sign in your answer. Question 5 2 pts For external purposes, the company O must use absorption costing O must use variable costing may use either variable costing or absorption costing
The Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold using variable costing for Year 2 is $361,000.The Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold using absorption costing for Year 2 is $466,000.The net operating income for Year 1 using variable costing would be $40,000.
1. To compute the Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold using variable costing for Year 2, we need to consider the underallocated or overallocated overhead. The unadjusted Cost of Goods Sold is given as $357,000. Since the actual variable overhead cost for Year 2 is $64,000, the overhead variance is $4,000 (overallocated). Thus, the Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold is $357,000 + $4,000 = $361,000.
2. The Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold using absorption costing for Year 2 can be calculated by adding the underallocated or overallocated overhead to the unadjusted Cost of Goods Sold. The unadjusted Cost of Goods Sold is given as $462,000. Since the actual fixed overhead cost for Year 2 is $102,000, the overhead variance is $2,000 (underallocated). Therefore, the Adjusted Cost of Goods Sold is $462,000 + $2,000 = $466,000.
3. Under absorption costing, all fixed overhead costs are allocated to the units produced and included in the cost of goods sold. There is no carryover of fixed overhead from one period to another. Therefore, none of the fixed overhead that occurred in Year 2 would be carried over into Year 3.
4. To determine the net operating income for Year 1 using variable costing, we can use a reconciliation statement. The net operating income under absorption costing is given as $35,000. The difference between the net operating income under absorption costing and variable costing is the fixed overhead deferred in inventory, which is $5,000. Therefore, the net operating income for Year 1 using variable costing is $35,000 + $5,000 = $40,000.
5. For external reporting purposes, the company must use absorption costing. Absorption costing is the generally accepted accounting principle (GAAP) method for reporting financial statements. It allocates all manufacturing costs, including fixed overhead, to the cost of goods sold. This method provides a more comprehensive view of the costs incurred in producing goods and is required by external stakeholders, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities. Variable costing, on the other hand, treats fixed overhead as a period expense and only includes variable production costs in the cost of goods sold. While variable costing can be useful for internal decision-making and cost analysis, it is not compliant with external reporting requirements.
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The Taskforce on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures [TCFD] recommends that climate-related risks should be disclosed in mainstream financial reports and that companies should provide information on the following key areas: - Governance: the organisation's governance around climate risks and opportunities (e.g. board oversight, risk management committees). - Strategy: the actual and potential impacts of climate-related risks on the organisation's businesses, strategy and financial planning. Companies should use scenario analysis to assess the impacts of both transition risks and physical risks. They should include a variety of plausible emissions reduction scenarios, both favourable and non-favourable to company interests, including scenarios which align to the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement. - Risk Management: the processes used by the organisation to identify, assess and manage climate-related risks. - Metrics and Targets: the metrics and targets used to assess and manage climate-related risks and opportunities (e.g. setting targets for emissions reduction and energy efficiency to reduce risk exposure). Which of the below best describes the nature of the TCFD recommendations as a regulatory approach? Select one: a. A voluntary, best practice standard that has been developed collaboratively by industry and financial sector institutions to guide companies in meeting their legal obligations and satisfying the expectations of investors and other stakeholders. b. An Australian initiative to require companies to report their greenhouse gas emissions. c. A legally enforceable standard for climate risk disclosure for Australian listed companies.
The TCFD recommendations as a regulatory approach is best described as a voluntary, best practice standard that has been developed collaboratively by industry and financial sector institutions to guide companies in meeting their legal obligations and satisfying the expectations of investors and other stakeholders.
The Taskforce on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommends that climate-related risks should be disclosed in mainstream financial reports and that companies should provide information on governance, strategy, risk management, metrics and targets. The TCFD recommendations were launched in 2017 and are best described as a voluntary, best practice standard that has been developed collaboratively by industry and financial sector institutions to guide companies in meeting their legal obligations and satisfying.
the expectations of investors and other stakeholders.In this context, voluntary refers to the fact that companies are not legally required to follow the TCFD recommendations. However, it is in their best interests to do so as it helps them to mitigate risks and make more informed decisions about climate-related risks and opportunities.
By disclosing climate-related risks in mainstream financial reports, companies are also providing investors and other stakeholders with the information they need to make more informed decisions about their investments and to hold companies accountable for their impact on the environment.
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IDENTIFY STAKEHOLDERS
Brainstorm a list of stakeholders without screening, including everyone who has an interest in your objectives today and who may have one tomorrow. If possible, identify individuals. Use the list to help you brainstorm:
Owners (e.g. investors, shareholders, partners, Board of directors)
Customers (e.g. direct customers, indirect customers, and endorsers)
Employees (e.g. current employees, potential employees, retirees, and dependents)
Industry (e.g. suppliers, competitors, industry associations, industry opinion leaders, and media)
Regulators (e.g. government agencies, Qatari law,)
Interest Groups (Environmentalists, Health Groups, etc)
Stakeholders are those who are interested in the goals of the company or organization and play a vital role in achieving those goals. They can be identified as follows:
Owners: Investors, shareholders, partners, and the board of directors are the primary stakeholders who have a significant influence on the company's decisions.
They are responsible for funding the company and providing support in the form of finance and resources.
Customers: Customers are the lifeline of a business.
Therefore, their feedback is critical to the growth and success of a company. Direct customers, indirect customers, and endorsers are the primary stakeholders in this category.
Employees: Employees are the ones who help a company achieve its goals. Current employees, potential employees, retirees, and dependents are the primary stakeholders in this category.
They help keep the company functioning and drive its growth.
Industry: Suppliers, competitors, industry associations, industry opinion leaders, and media are the stakeholders in this category.
They are responsible for providing the resources necessary for a company's growth and ensuring that the company operates efficiently.
Regulators: Government agencies and Qatari law are the stakeholders responsible for ensuring that companies operate within legal limits. They help ensure that companies meet their obligations and follow all the legal requirements.
Interest Groups: Environmentalists, health groups, and other interest groups are the stakeholders who represent the public's interests. They have an interest in the company's actions and how they impact the environment and society.
In conclusion, identifying stakeholders is critical in determining a company's success.
Knowing who the stakeholders are, what they want, and what their interests are is essential for making informed decisions.
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The following events apply to Montgomery Company for Year 1 , its first year of operation: 1. Recelved cash of $38,000 from the issue of common stock. 2. Performed $57,000 of services on account. 3. Incurred $8,300 of other operating expenses on account. 4. Paid $30,000 cash for salaries expense. 5. Collected $39.000 of accounts receivable. 6. Paid a $3,900 dividend to the stockholders. 7. Pelformed $10,400 of services for cash. 8. Paid $6,400 of the accounts payable. Required a. Record the preceding transactions in general journal form. b. Post the entries to T-accounts and determine the ending balance in each account. c. & d. Determine the amount of total assets at the end of Year 1 , and the amount of net income for Year 1 . Journal entry worksheet D E F G Received cash of $38,000 from the issue of common stock. Note: Enter debits before credits. Post the entries to T-accounts and determine the ending balance in each account. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Determine the amount of total assets at the end of Year 1 , and the amount of net income for Year 1.
a. Record the preceding transactions in general journal form. The following are the general journal entries for Montgomery Company:
Date
Accounts Debit Credit1
Cash38,000
Common Stock38,000 (Issued common stock for cash)
2
Accounts Receivable57,000
Service Revenue57,000 (Provided services on account)
3
Other Operating Expenses8,300
Accounts Payable8,300 (Incurred other operating expenses on account)
4
Salaries Expense
30,000
Cash30,000 (Paid salaries expense in cash)
5
Cash39,000
Accounts Receivable39,000 (Collected accounts receivable in cash)
6
Dividends3,900
Cash3,900 (Paid dividends in cash)
7
Cash10,400
Service Revenue10,400 (Provided services for cash)
8
Accounts Payable6,400Cash6,400 (Paid accounts payable in cash)
b. Post the entries to T-accounts and determine the ending balance in each account. T-Accounts are as follows: [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 1 2.8pt;}[/tex] [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 2 12.6pt;}[/tex] [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 3 12.6pt;}[/tex] [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 4 12.6pt;}[/tex] [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 5 12.6pt;}[/tex] [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 6 12.6pt;}[/tex] [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 7 12.6pt;}[/tex] [tex]_ Account s _{_2 _ C 8 12.6pt;}[/tex]Ending balances are as follows:
Cash = $33,100 (=$38,000 − $30,000 + $39,000 − $3,900)
Accounts Receivable = $0 (=$57,000 − $39,000)
Common Stock = $38,000
Accounts Payable = $1,900 (=$8,300 − $6,400)
Service Revenue = $67,400 (=$57,000 + $10,400)
Salaries Expense = $30,000O
ther Operating Expenses = $8,300Dividends = $3,900
c. Determine the amount of total assets at the end of Year 1. The total assets at the end of year 1 can be determined as follows:
Total Assets = Cash + Accounts Receivable= $33,100 + $0= $33,100
Therefore, the total assets at the end of Year 1 are $33,100.
d. Determine the amount of net income for Year 1.Net income for Year 1 can be determined as follows:
Net Income = Revenues – Expenses= Service Revenue – Salaries Expense – Other Operating Expenses= $67,400 – $30,000 – $8,300= $29,100Therefore, the net income for Year 1 is $29,100.
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Which of the following are e-commence models? i. Business to business ii. Business to government iii. Business to consumer iv. Consumer to consumer
a.
(i); (iii); and (iv)
b.
(ii); (iii); and (iv)
c.
(i); (ii); and (iii)
d.
(i); (ii); (iii); and (iv
option (d) (i); (ii); (iii); and (iv) are the correct answers.
The e-commerce models are Business-to-business (B2B), Business-to-consumer (B2C), Consumer-to-consumer (C2C), and Business-to-government (B2G).
Hence, option (d) (i); (ii); (iii); and (iv) are the correct answers. Business-to-business (B2B)E-commerce transactions between businesses are referred to as business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce. It has the largest value among all e-commerce models, which involves manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers.
Business-to-consumer (B2C)The process of online sales and purchases between businesses and individuals is referred to as business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce. It enables companies to market their products to a global audience.
Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce refers to the online transactions between consumers. It assists consumers in purchasing and selling goods from each other online. Business-to-government (B2G)Business-to-government (B2G) e-commerce refers to transactions between businesses and governmental agencies.
This model allows businesses to conduct government-related activities online.
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The Agreed Value clause in a commercial property insurance form:
A
Replaces the ACV loss valuation with replacement cost
B
Replaces the coinsurance clause and assigns a mutually agreed value to insured property
C
Replaces the ACV valuation with a form of market value
D
Replaces the reporting requirement in the peak season endorsemen
The correct answer is B) Replaces the coinsurance clause and assigns a mutually agreed value to insured property.The Agreed Value clause is a commercial property insurance provision that eliminates the coinsurance clause and assigns a mutually agreed value to the property insured.
In contrast to the more standard commercial property insurance policy, which requires the insured to retain coverage equal to a specific percentage of the property's value, the Agreed Value policy takes the property owner's word for its value. When the policy is written, an agreed value is established, and the insured pays a premium based on that amount, without having to meet any coinsurance obligations if a loss occurs.
The Agreed Value provision allows the insured to avoid paying a penalty if the property is underinsured. If the property is insured for less than its total value, the insurer will pay only a portion of the loss, and the policyholder will bear the brunt of the loss. The insurer's responsibility is reduced in the event of an underinsured loss because the policyholder has agreed to a total value for the property, regardless of its actual worth.In brief, the Agreed Value clause in a commercial property insurance form Replaces the coinsurance clause and assigns a mutually agreed value to insured property.
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Which of the following companies has a market -oriented business definition? a. An electronics company, whose business definition is: "We produce microchips ." b. A hotel, whose business definition is: We rent rooms . C. An apparel company , whose business definition is: "We make and sell women's clothing ." O d. A cosmetic company , whose business definition is : "We sell hope and self-esteem ." O . A pizzeria , whose business definition is: " We sell the world's most delicious pizza"
The company with a market-oriented business definition is the cosmetic company whose business definition is: "We sell hope and self-esteem."
A market-oriented business definition is one that focuses on meeting the needs and wants of customers in the market. It is customer-centric and aims to understand and fulfill customer desires. In the given options, the cosmetic company stands out as having a market-oriented business definition. Their definition, "We sell hope and self-esteem," indicates that they are not just selling cosmetics but also the emotional benefits and self-confidence that customers can derive from their products. This approach shows that the company understands and values the desires and aspirations of their target market, which is an essential characteristic of a market-oriented business.On the other hand, the other options do not explicitly emphasize meeting customer needs or desires. A market-oriented business definition refers to a company's approach to understanding and meeting the needs and wants of customers in the market.
It is an essential concept in marketing and business strategy, as it ensures that a company's products or services are aligned with what the market demands. Out of the given options, the company with a market-oriented business definition is the cosmetic company. Their business definition, "We sell hope and self-esteem," suggests that they are not solely focused on selling cosmetics but also the emotional benefits and self-confidence that customers can derive from their products.They recognize that customers are not just purchasing their products for functional purposes but also for thepsychological impact they can have.
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In your meeting with her, she starts throwing out names and numbers of accounts and hands you several documents. She is proud to tell you she has $16,521 cash in hand. You collect the notes and jot down all the information she is verbally telling you, so as not to miss any important facts. You know the first step you will take is to prepare financial statements in order to establish her current situation. But to give her future oriented advice, you know an analysis of the statements will also be required. Pat emphasizes that all the information you are about to receive is for the most recent fiscal year which ended on December 31st. She tells you taxes were 27% of pre-tax profit of which $9,000 is still owed. She explains there is $142,000 of common stock and she recently paid a dividend of $8,350. She tells you she has a mortgage loan with the long-term portion outstanding of $142,800. The current portion for this period was $14,600. She provides you with a document that lists beginning of the year inventory at $99,780. The document also details several expenses that were incurred throughout the year including utilities at $5,440, depreciation on building and equipment of $18,600, advertising of $14,200, and interest expense of $3,100. The business currently holds $49,000 in other investments that may be sold or turned into depreciable assets in the future. Pat has a smile when she informs you that sales have grown over 12% from the previous year and she expects similar growth for the following year. Her current year sales are $958,337. Of course, her purchases are a major expense for her business, and she spent $833,900 to support her encouraging sales figures. $136,300 is still owed to her suppliers. The owner lets you know that she also has notes payable of $48,000. Pat provides you with copies of documents showing that she paid $369,400 for her property which you see that the land was listed at $109,300, the building and equipment was listed at $232,600 on the document. The owner states that she does allow some of her business customers to get items on credit, causing current, end of year accounts receivables of $54,200. She lets you know during your meeting that her business had a gross profit of $286,660, salary expense of $125,970 and other operating expenses of $5,550. At the beginning of the current year, accumulated depreciation on the building and equipment was $104,100. Lastly, she shows you the previous retained earnings statement and you see her business has previously retained $61,000 of past earnings to help fund the business. Perform ratio analysis on ABC Company. Calculate: a. current ratio, b. quick ratio,
Ratio Analysis of ABC Company:
Current Ratio: Current Ratio is an essential tool to identify the liquidity of a business.
It shows the ability of a business to pay off its current liabilities with its current assets.
The formula for Current Ratio is as follows:
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
For ABC Company, the calculation of Current Ratio is:
Current Ratio = 99,780 + 49,000 + 16,521 / 136,300 + 14,600
Current Ratio = 165,301 / 150,900
Current Ratio = 1.10
Quick Ratio: Quick Ratio is also a tool to identify liquidity.
The quick ratio formula takes only the most liquid of the current assets into consideration.
In other words, it does not take inventory into account.
The formula for Quick Ratio is:
Quick Ratio = (Current Assets - Inventory) / Current Liabilities
For ABC Company, the calculation of Quick Ratio is:
Quick Ratio = 49,000 + 16,521 / 136,300 + 14,600
Quick Ratio = 65,521 / 150,900
Quick Ratio = 0.43
The calculated ratios of ABC Company are:
a. Current Ratio = 1.10b. Quick Ratio = 0.43
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