Answer:
A). The sum of the credits will equal the sum of the debits.
Explanation:
journal entry journal entry can be regarded as record of the business transactions which is made in a accountingbooks of a business.
journal entry that is documented properly will contains correct date as well as amounts to be debited and description of the transaction, it contain amount to be credited as well as a unique reference number.Note that "There is equal amount of credit as well as debit in a journal entry"
Trial balance can be regarded as report that give lists of balances of all general ledger accounts in a firm at a particular point in time, there is compilation of all ledger balance into debit as well as credit account column totals. As rule in trial balance, the total of the debit balances as well as credit balances that is been extracted from the ledger must tally with each other.
Acoma Co. has identified one of its cost pools to be quality control and has assigned $140,400 to that pool. Number of inspections has been chosen as the cost driver for this pool; Acoma performs 30,000 inspections annually. Suppose Acoma manufactures two products that consume 12,600 (Product 1) and 17,400 (Product 2) inspections each.
Assume that Acoma manufacturers only the two products mentioned and they consume 100 percent of the company’s quality inspections. Using activity proportions, determine how much quality control cost will be assigned to each of Acoma’s product lines.
Answer:
Acoma Co.
Product 1 Product 2
Quality control cost assigned $58,968 $81,432
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Cost of quality control = $140,400
Number of annual inspections = 30,000
Cost per inspection = $4.68 ($140,400/30,000)
Product 1 Product 2 Total
Number of inspections 12,600 17,400 30,000
Proportion of inspections 42% 58% 100%
Quality control cost assigned $58,968 $81,432 $140,400
($4.68 * 12,600) ($4.68 * 17,400)
(42% * $140,400) (52% * $140,400)
Samir is a self-employed marketing consultant. He had no income from January through March 2020. His April through December 2020 income subject to SE tax is $55,000.
Samir's SE tax for 2020 is $7,771 [$55,000 x 0.9235 x 0.153 = $7,771]. Samir may reduce his estimated tax payments by how much? Hint: USE Form Schedule SE to help you find the answer.
Answer:
$3,886
Explanation:
Since SELF EMPLOYMENT TAX is 15.3% of your wages which is why the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) make it possible for you to deduct your employer equal portion of your self employment taxes that the employer pays during the year which is 7.65% Calculated as (15.3%/2) which therefore means that Samir may reduce his ESTIMATED TAX PAYMENTS by $3,886 [$55,000 x 0.9235 x 0.0765 = $3,886] while the remaining 7.65%( 15.3% -7.65%) are not deductible because they correspond to employee taxes.
Therefore he may reduce his ESTIMATED TAX PAYMENTS by $3,886.
Smith Construction,Inc.just paid a $2.78 dividend.The dividend is expected to grow by 4% each year for the next three years.After that the company will never pay another dividend ever again.If your required return on the stock investment is 10%,what should the stock sell for today?
A) $7.46
B) $28.91
C) $46.33
D) $15.63
Answer:
A) $7.46
Explanation:
The computation of the stock sell for today is given below:
D1 = 2.78 × (1.04)
= 2.89
D2 = 2.89 × (1.04)
= 3.01
D3 = 3.01 × (1.04) = 3.13
Now the price of the stock is
= 2.89 ÷ (1.1) + 3.01 ÷ (1.1)^2 + 3.13 ÷ (1.1)^3
= $7.46
hence, the correct option is a.
The same should be considered and relevant
ADP reports the following income statement.
AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING INC.
Statement of Consolidated Earnings
For Year Ended June 30, 2019, $ millions
Total revenues $14,175.2
Operating expenses 7,145.9
Systems development and programming costs 636.3
Depreciation and amortization 304.4
Total cost of revenues 8,086.6
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 3,064.2
Interest expense 129.9
Total expenses 11,280.7
Other income expense, net 111.1
Earnings before income taxes 3,005.6
Provision for income taxes 712.8
Net earnings $ 2,292.8
Forecast ADP’s 2020 income statement assuming the following income statement relations. All percentages (other than total revenue growth and provision for income taxes) are based on historic percent of total revenues.
Total revenues growth 13%
Depreciation and amortization $460.5 million
Interest expense No change
Other (income) expense, net No change
Income tax rate 25%
Round your answers to one decimal place.
Answer:
Forecast of 2020 net earnings = $299.2 million.
Explanation:
Note:
a. See part a of the attached excel file for the calculations of the Historic Percent of Total Revenue.
b. See part b of the attached excel file for the Forecast of ADP’s 2020 income statement.
From part b of the attached excel file, we have:
Forecast of 2020 net earnings = $299.2 million.
Bugaboo Co. manufactures three types of cookies: Fluffs, Crinkles, and Snaps. The production process is relatively simple, and factory overhead costs are allocated to products using a single plantwide factory rate based on direct labor hours. Information for the month of May, Bugaboo's first month of operations, follows:
Budgeted Unit Volume Direct Labor Hours per unit
Fluffs 80,000 boxes 0.10
Crinkles 60,000 boxes 0.20
Snaps 20,000 boxes 0.50
Bugaboo has budgeted direct labor costs for May at $8.50 per hour. Budgeted direct materials costs for May are: Fluffs, $0.75/unit; Crinkles $0.40/unit; and Snaps $0.30/unit.
Bugaboo's budgeted overhead costs for May are:
Indirect Labor $280,000
Utilities $65,000
Supplies $45,000
Depreciation $30,000
Total $420,000
Assume that Bugaboo sells all the boxes it produces in May. Round your answers to two decimal places, if necessary.
a. Compute Bugaboo's plantwide factory overhead rate for May.
$_______per direct labor hour
b. Compute May's product cost for each type of cookie.
Cost per box Fluffs Crinkles Snaps
Total manufacturing cost $____ $____ $ ____
Answer:
Bugaboo Co.
a. Bugaboo's plantwide factory overhead rate for May.
$14 per direct labor hour
b. May's product cost for each type of cookie.
Fluffs Crinkles Snaps
Cost per box $3.00 $4.90 $11.55
Total manufacturing cost $240,000 $294,000 $231,000
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Budgeted Unit Volume Direct Labor Hours Total DLH
per unit
Fluffs 80,000 boxes 0.10 8,000
Crinkles 60,000 boxes 0.20 12,000
Snaps 20,000 boxes 0.50 10,000
Total direct labor hours for the three products = 30,000
Budgeted overhead costs for May are:
Indirect Labor $280,000
Utilities $65,000
Supplies $45,000
Depreciation $30,000
Total $420,000
Overhead rate per direct labor hour = $14 ($420,000/30,000)
Fluffs Crinkles Snaps
Direct labor hours 8,000 12,000 10,000
Direct materials per unit $0.75 $0.40 $0.30
Direct materials $60,000 $24,000 $6,000
Direct labor costs 68,000 102,000 85,000
Overhead allocated 112,000 168,000 140,000
Total production costs $240,000 $294,000 $231,000
Cost per box $3.00 $4.90 $11.55
The debt to owners' equity ratio is a common type of liquidity ratio
Answer: No
Explanation: D/E is a solvency ratio. Liquidity ratios are quick and current ratios.
Cioffi Manufacturing Company incorporates standards in its accounts and identifies variances at the time the manufacturing costs are incurred. Journalize the entries to record the following transactions:
a. Purchased 2,450 units of copper tubing on account at $52.00 per unit. The standard price is $48.50 per unit.
b. Used 1,900 units of copper tubing in the process of manufacturing 200 air conditioners.
Answer:
A. Dr Materials $18,825
Dr Direct Materials Price Variance $8,575
Cr Accounts Payable $127,400
B. Dr Work in Process $97,000
Cr Direct Materials Quantity Variance $4,850
Cr Material 92,150
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries
A. Dr Materials $18,825
(2,450*$48.50 per unit)
Dr Direct Materials Price Variance $8,575
[2,450*($52.00 per unit-$48.50 per unit)]
Cr Accounts Payable $127,400
(2,450*$52.00 per unit)
B. Dr Work in Process $97,000
(200*10 units *$48.50)
Cr Direct Materials Quantity Variance $4,850
(2,000 units – 1,900 units) × $48.50
Cr Material 92,150
(1,900 × $48.50 )
Department S had 700 units 70% completed in process at the beginning of the period, 8,800 units completed during the period, and 900 units 37% completed at the end of the period. What was the number of equivalent units of production for the period for conversion if the first-in, first-out method is used to cost inventories? Assume the completion percentage applies to both direct materials and conversion cost.
a. 9,543.
b. 8,310.
c. 8,100.
d. 8,643.
Answer:
d. 8,643
Explanation:
Calculation to determin the number of equivalent units of production for the period for conversion if the first-in, first-out method is used to cost inventories
Units Completed During the period 8,800 units
Add Units Completed at the end 333 units
(900 units *37% )
Less Units Completed at the beginning 490 units
(700 units* 70)
Number of equivalent units 8,643
Therefore the number of equivalent units of production for the period for conversion if the first-in, first-out method is used to cost inventories is 8,643
________ refers to a method of matching a single project of a company to another company with a single business focus in an effort to assign an appropriate level of risk to the project. A. Outside assignment B. Ghosting C. Subjective assignment D. Pure play
The method that should be matched the individual project of a company to the other company having an individual business focus for allocating a risk level is pure-play.
The information related to the pure-play is as follows:
It is to be focused on one business line only.It is distinct from the expanded companies where there are diversify product lines and revenue sources. It determined the beta coefficient because it compared to the other project as an individual business focus.So it cannot be as the outside assignment, ghosting, and subjective assignment.
Therefore we can conclude that the method that should be matched the individual project of a company to the other company having an individual business focus for allocating a risk level is a pure-play.
Learn more about the level of risk here: brainly.com/question/10820234
Zell Company had sales of $1,800,000 and related cost of merchandise sold of $1,150,000 for its first year of operations ending December 31, 20Y3. Zell Company provides customers refunds and allowances for any damaged merchandise. At the end of the year, Zell Company estimates that customers will request refunds and allowances for 1.5% of sales. Assume that on February 3, 20Y4, Zell Company paid a customer a $5,000 cash refund for damaged merchandise. Required: (a) Journalize the adjusting entry on December 31, 20Y3, to record the expected customer refunds and allowances\.\* (b) Journalize the entry to record the cash refund\.\* *Refer to the chart of accounts for the exact wording of the account titles. CNOW journals do not use lines for journal explanations. Every line on a journal page is used for debit or credit entries. CNOW journals will automatically indent a credit entry when a credit amount is entered.
Solution :
a). Date Description Debit($) Credit($)
31st Dec 20Y3 Sales 27,000
(1,800,000 x 1.5%)
Customer refunds payable 27,000
Estimated sales return 16,000
inventory
Cost of merchandise sold 16,000
b). Date Description Debit($) Credit($)
3 Feb, 20Y4 Customer refund payable 5000
Cash 5000
Merchandise inventory 3100
Estimated return inventory 3100
An owner can lease her building for $160,000 per year for three years. The explicit cost of maintaining the building is $55,000, and the implicit cost is $70,000. All revenues are received, and costs borne, at the end of each year. If the interest rate is 5 percent, determine the present value of the stream of:_______.
a. Accounting profits.
b. Economic profits.
Answer:
a. Accounting profits.
Account profit = Revenue - explicit cost
= 160,000 - 55,000
= $105,000
Present value of $105,000 per year for 3 years is:
= 105,000 * Present value interest factor of an Annuity, 3 years, 5%
= 105,000 * 2.7232
= $285,936
b. Economic profit
Economic profit = Revenue - explicit cost - implicit cost
= 160,000 - 55,000 - 70,000
= $35,000
Present value of $35,000 per year for 3 years:
= 35,000 * Present value interest factor of an Annuity, 3 years, 5%
= 35,000 * 2.7232
= $95,312
Note: The profits were treated as annuities as they were constant.
Here and After Corporation plans a new issue of preferred stock. Similar risk stock currently offers an annual return to investors of 18.0%. The company wants the stock to sell for $743.00 per share. What annual dividend must the company offer?
a. $192.85.
b. $4,127.78.
c. $148.45.
d. $133.74.
e. $3,809.94.
Answer: d. $133.74
Explanation:
The dividend paid to preferred shareholders is constant and based on the annual rate of return on the stock. If they plan to sell at a price of $743 per share, the dividend will be:
Dividend = Annual rate of return on stock * Price of stock
= 18% * 743
= $133.74
Huffman Corporation constructed a building at a cost of $30,000,000. Weighted-average accumulated expenditures (WAAE) were $12,000,000, actual interest was $1,200,000, and avoidable interest was $1,600,000. If the salvage value is $2,400,000, and the useful life is 40 years, depreciation expense for the first full year using the straight-line method is
a. $690,000
b. $705,000.
c. $720,000.
d. $735,000.
Answer:
$730,000
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what depreciation expense for the first full year using the straight-line method is
Using this formula
Depreciation expense=Costs of Building+Avoidable interest-Salvage value)/Useful life
Let plug in the formula
Depreciation expense=( $30,000,000 + $ 1,600,000- $2,400,000) / 40 years
Depreciation expense=$29,200,000/40 years
Depreciation expense= $730,000
Therefore depreciation expense for the first full year using the straight-line method is $730,000
The Campbell Company is considering adding a robotic paint sprayer to its production line. The sprayer's base price is $1,080,000, and it would cost another $19,000 to install it. The machine falls into the MACRS 3-year class (the applicable MACRS depreciation rates are 33.33%, 44.45%, 14.81%, and 7.41%), and it would be sold after 3 years for $626,000. The machine would require an increase in net working capital (inventory) of $18,500. The sprayer would not change revenues, but it is expected to save the firm $436,000 per year in before-tax operating costs, mainly labor. Campbell's marginal tax rate is 30%. Cash outflows, if any, should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest dollar.
What is the Year-0 net cash flow?
Answer:
$1,117,500
Explanation:
The net cash flow required immediately( year zero) to get the project underway comprises the sprayer's base price, its installation cost as well as the net working capital of $18,500.
The above-highlighted items are the ones cash outflows required in year zero while other ones are cash inflows or outflows required subsequently.
The net cash flow in year zero is computed thus:
Year-0 net cash flow=$1,080,000+$19,000+ $18,500
Year-0 net cash flow=$1,117,500
Flesch Corporation produces and sells two products. In the most recent month, Product C90B had sales of $23,490 and variable expenses of $7,047. Product Y45E had sales of $34,800 and variable expenses of $13,920. The fixed expenses of the entire company were $15,200. If the sales mix were to shift toward Product C90B with total dollar sales remaining constant, the overall break-even point for the entire company:____________
Answer:
Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin / Sales
Product C90B CMR = ($23,490 - $7,047) / $23,490 = $16,443 / $23,490 = 0.7 = 70%
Product Y45E CMR = ($34,800 - $13,920) / $34,800 = $20,880 / $34,800 = 0.6 = 60%
The rule, the Higher the contribution margin ratio, the lower the Break-Even point. So, if sales mix shifts to product C90B, overall Break-even point Decreases.
Asian Lamp Company manufactures lamps. The estimated number of lamp sales for the last three months for the current year are as follows: Month Sales
October 10,000
November 14,000
December 13,000
Finished goods inventory at the end of September was 3,000 units. Ending finished goods inventory is budgeted to equal 25 percent of the next month's sales. Asian Lamp expects to sell the lamps for $25 each. January sales is projected at 16,000 lamps.
In going from the sales budget to the production budget, adjustments to the sales budget need to be made for
a. cash receipts.
b. finished goods inventories.
c. factory overhead costs.
d. selling expenses
Answer:
Asian Lamp Company
In going from the sales budget to the production budget, adjustments to the sales budget need to be made for
b. finished goods inventories.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Sales Budget October November December January
Ending inventory 3,500 3,250 4,000
Estimated sales units 10,000 14,000 13,000 16,000
Units available for sale 13,500 17,250 17,000
Beginning inventory 3,000 3,500 3,250 4,000
Production units 10,500 13,750 13,750
Sarah inherited a large amount of cash after her grandparents passed away. She would rather overdraw her bank account and max out her credit cards, then deposit the cash into her bank account. This is an example of a consumer ________.
Answer:
a) failing to treat money as fungible
Explanation:
In the given situation, since sarah has been use the money in the form of credit cards rather using the larger cash amount which is in her hand. So this represents that she should be failed for using the 2 forms of money also the fungibility of money means the various forms of money could be used interchangable.
Therefore the option a is correct
On average, it takes one packaging and shipping employee 15 minutes to prepare a package and label, independent of the number or types of items in the shipment, plus 6 minutes per item to bubble wrap and pack it in the carton. What is the packaging and shipping cost assigned to Order 705, which has 40 items?
Question Completion:
Owl Company sells multiple products - very fragile hand carved stone owls. They use a time-driven ABC system. The company's products must be wrapped individually before shipping. The packaging and shipping department employs 12 people. Each person works 20 days per month on average. Employees in this department work an eight hour shift that includes a total of 75 minutes for breaks and a meal. The full compensation, including fringe benefits, for each packaging and shipping employee is $ 4,050 per month.
Answer:
Owl Company
The packaging and shipping cost assigned to Order 705, which has 40 items is:
= $127.50
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Number of people employed by the packaging and shipping department = 12
Working days per employee = 20 days per month on average
Shift per day = 8 hours
Minutes for breaks and a meal = 75 minutes per day
Total minutes spent working per month = (20 * 8 * 60) - (75 * 20) = 8,100
Salary per employee = $ 4,050 per month
Salary per minute = $0.50 ($4,050/8,100)
Minutes spent in preparing a package and label = 15 minutes
Minutes spent for bubble wrap and packaging = 6 minutes per item
Total Packaging and shipping cost = Total Minutes of labor used in Packaging (40 * 6 + 15) * Labor cost per minute
= 255 minutes * $0.50 per minute
= $127.50
An effective price ceiling will cause consumers to: Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the option once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click the option twice to empty the box. check all that apply gain surplus from additional trades.unanswered lose surplus from paying a lower price.unanswered lose surplus from trades that no longer take place.unanswered gain surplus from paying a lower price.unanswered
Answer:
gain surplus from paying a lower price
Explanation:
An effective price ceiling will cause consumers to "gain surplus from paying a lower price."
This is based on the idea that an effective price ceiling usually leads to prices being below the equilibrium price or equates to a lower price.
At this point, the buyers demand more of the products, while the sellers have a lower incentive to produce more. And therefore, the quantity demanded will exceed the quantity supplied.
Hence, consumers gain excess (more demands) by paying a lower price.
A frozen foods company changes an ingredient to meet a new government standard. This is an example of
O following a federal regulation.
O lowering prices for customers.
O reducing the risk for consumers.
o creating a new product.
Components of the master budget are the operating budget, the capital expenditures budget, and the financial budget. Group of answer choices True False
Answer: True
Explanation:
A master budget refers to the lower-level budgets that is within an organization, and the financial plan, the cash flow forecasts, and the budgeted financial statements.
The master budget consists of three main components which are the operating budget, financial budget and the capital expenditures budget.
Therefore, the statement is true.
Payroll Entries Widmer Company had gross wages of $256,000 during the week ended June 17. The amount of wages subject to social security tax was $230,400, while the amount of wages subject to federal and state unemployment taxes was $32,000. Tax rates are as follows:
Social security 6.0%
Medicare 1.5%
State unemployment 5.4%
Federal unemployment 0.8%
The total amount withheld from employee wagen for federal taxes was $51,200.
a. Journalize the entry to record the payroll for the week of June 17. June 7
b. Journalize the entry to record the payroll tax expense incurred for the week of June 17. June 7
Answer:
a.
Date Account Title Debit Credit
June 17 Salaries and Wages Expense $256,000
Social Security taxes Payable $13,824
Medicare taxes payable $3,840
Federal income tax payable $51,200
Salaries and Wages Payable $187,136
Working
Social security taxes payable = 6% * 230,400 = $13,824
Medicare taxes payable = 1.5% * 256,000 = $3,840
Salaries payable = 256,000 - 13,824 - 3,840 - 51,200 = $187,136
b.
Date Account Title Debit Credit
June 17 Payroll tax expense $19,648
FICA Taxes payable $13,824
Medicare taxes payable $3,840
State unemployment taxes payable $1,728
Federal unemployment taxes payable $ 256
Working
FICA = Social security
State unemployment taxes payable = 5.4% * 32,000 = $1,728
Federal unemployment taxes payable = 0.8% * 32,000 = $256
Payroll tax expense = 13,824 + 3,840 + 1,728 + 256 = $19,648
You are offered an investment with returns of $ 1,371 in year 1, $ 3,623 in year 2, and $ 3,830 in year 3. The investment will cost you $ 8,022 today. If the appropriate Cost of Capital is 7.4 %, what is the Net present Value of the investment
Answer:
$-512.90
Explanation:
Net present value is the present value of after-tax cash flows from an investment less the amount invested.
Only projects with a positive NPV should be accepted. A project with a negative NPV should not be chosen because it isn't profitable.
When choosing between positive NPV projects, choose the project with the highest NPV first because it is the most profitable.
NPV can be calculated using a financial calculator
Cash flow in year 0 = $-8,022
Cash flow in year 1 = 1371
Cash flow in year 2 = 3623
Cash flow in year 3 = 3830
I = 7.4
NPV = $-512.90
To determine NPV using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. after inputting all the cash flows, press the NPV button, input the value for I, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
3. Press compute
Guillermo's Oil and Lube Company is a service company that offers oil changes and lubrication for automobiles and light trucks. On average, Guillermo has found that a typical oil change takes 24 minutes and 6.2 quarts of oil are used. In June, Guillermo's Oil and Lube had 980 oil changes. Guillermo's Oil and Lube Company provided the following information for the production of oil changes during the month of June:
Actual number of oil changes performed: 980
Actual number of direct labor hours worked: 386
Actual rate paid per direct labor hour: $14.50
Standard rate per direct labor hour: $14.00
Required:
a. Calculate total direct labor variance for oil changes in June?
b. Calculate The Direct Labor Rate Variance (LRV) and Direct Labor efficiency variance (LEV)
Answer:
that hurts my brain when I try to think of the answer
Summarize the Product Development Process
ABC Corp. issued $100,000 of bonds at a premium; as a result, the company: A. received more than $100,000. B. received less than $100,000. C. will pay the bondholders more money on the maturity date than it received on the issue date. D. received $100,000.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
If the yield to maturity is greater than the bonds coupon rate the bond is selling at a discount. Bond issuers would receive less than the face value of the bond as payment when the bond is sold
If the yield to maturity is less than the bonds coupon rate the bond is selling at a premium. Bond issuers would receive a greater sum than the face value of the bond as payment when the bond is sold
If a bond’s coupon rate is equal to its yield to maturity, then the bond is selling at par. Bond issuers would receive an amount equal to the face value of the bond as payment when the bond is sold
Determine the missing amounts. Unit Selling Price Unit Variable Costs Unit Contribution Margin Contribution Margin Ratio 1. $650 $390 $enter a dollar amount (a) enter percentages % (b) 2. $200 $enter a dollar amount (c) $92 enter percentages % (d) 3. $enter a dollar amount (e) $enter a dollar amount (f) $805
Answer:
(a) $620
(b) 40%
(c) $208
(d) 31%
(e) $2,683
(f) $1,878
Explanation:
Use the following formula to calculate the unit contribution margin
Unit Contribution Margin = Unit Selling Price - Uni variable cost
Use the following formula to calculate the contribution margin ratio
Contribution Margin ratio = ( Unit Contribution margin / Unit Selling Price ) x 100
The working for the question is attached with this answer please find it.
Mott Company's sales mix is 3 units of A, 2 units of B, and 1 unit of C. Selling prices for each product are $37, $47, and $57, respectively Variable costs per unit are $30, $31, and $34, respectively. Fixed costs are $456,000. What is the break-even point in composite units?
a) 1.239 composite units
b) 1357 composite units
c) 2763 composite units
d) 4,606 composite units.
Answer:
6,000 composite units
Explanation:
A B C Total
Selling price per unit 37 47 57
Less: Variable cost per unit 30 31 34
CM per unit 7 16 23
Sales mix 3 2 1
CM per sales mix 21 32 23 76
Break even in composite unit = Fixed cost / CM per sales mix
Break even in composite unit = $456,000 / 76
Break even in composite unit = 6,000
Dance Creations manufactures authentic Hawaiian hula skirts that are purchased for traditional Hawaiian celebrations, costume parties, and other functions. During its first year of business, the company incurred the following costs: Variable Cost per Hula Skirt Direct materials $ 9.60 Direct labor 3.40 Variable manufacturing overhead 1.05 Variable selling and administrative expenses 0.40 Fixed Cost per Month Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 16,125 Fixed selling and administrative expenses 4,950 Dance Creations charges $30 for each skirt that it sells. During the first month of operation, it made 1,500 skirts and sold 1,375. Required: 1. Assuming Dance Creations uses variable costing, calculate the variable manufacturing cost per unit for last month. 2. Complete a variable costing income statement for the last month. 3. Assuming Dance Creations uses full absorption costing, calculate the full manufacturing cost per unit for the last month. 4. Complete a full absorption costing income statement. 6. Suppose next month Dance Creations expects to produce 1,500 hula skirts and sell 1,600. Without recreating the new income statements, calculate the difference in profit between variable costing and full absorption costing. Which would be higher
Answer:
1. $14.05 per unit
2. Contribution Margin $21,381
Net Operating Income $306
3.$24.08 per unit
4.Gross Margin $7,150
Net Operating Income $4,620
6. $1,075
Variable costing would be higher
Explanation:
1. Calculation to determine the variable manufacturing cost per unit for last month
Using this formula
Variable manufacturing cost per unit = Direct material + Direct labor + variable manufacturing overhead
Let plug in the formula
Variable manufacturing cost per unit= $9.60+3.40+1.05
Variable manufacturing cost per unit=$14.05 per unit
Therefore Variable manufacturing cost per unit is $14.05 per unit
2. Calculation to Complete a variable costing income statement for the last month
Variable costing income statement
Sales Revenue $41,250
($30*1,375)
Less: Variable cost per unit $19,869
1,375*($9.60+3.40+1.05 +$0.4)
Contribution Margin $21,381
($41,250-$19,869)
Less: Fixed costs $21,075
($ 16,125+$4,950)
Net Operating Income $306
($21,381-$21,075)
Therefore the complete variable costing income statement for the last month will have Contribution Margn of $21,381 and Net Operating Income of $306
3. Calculation to determine the full manufacturing cost per unit for the last month
Using this formula
Full manufacturing cost per unit = Direct material + Direct labor + variable manufacturing overhead + Fixed manufacturing overhead per unit
Let plug in the formula
Full manufacturing cost per unit= $9.60+3.40+1.05+ $ 16,125/1,500
Full manufacturing cost per unit=$14.05+ $10.75
Full manufacturing cost per unit=$24.08 per unit
Therefore the full manufacturing cost per unit for the last month is $24.08 per unit
4. Calculation to Complete a full absorption costing income statement
Absorption costing Income Statement
Sales Revenue $41,250
($30*1,375)
Less: Cost of Goods sold $34,100
($24.08*1,375)
Gross Margin $7,150
($41,250-$34,100)
Less: Selling expenses $2,530
($0.4*1,375+4,950)
Net Operating Income $4,620
($7,150-$2,530)
Therefore the Complete a full absorption costing income statement will have Gross Margin of $7,150 and Net Operating Income of $4,620
6. Calculation to determine the difference in profit between variable costing and full absorption costing.
Difference=(1,600-1,500)*($16,125/1,500)
Difference= 100*($16,125/1,500)
Difference=100*$10.75
Difference= $1,075
Therefore Variable costing would be higher $1,075
Two leading home appliance companies, Globex Inc. and Pug Tech, are in competition for market share. In their quest for exciting new products, Globex employs an open innovation model, while Pug Tech pursues a closed innovation model. Which of the following statements is most likely true?
a. Globex has a greater chance of capturing market share.
b. Pug Tech has a superior absorptive capacity.
c. Pug Tech will protect its intellectual property with patents and trade secrets.
d. Globex is most concerned with securing first-mover advantages.
Answer: c. Pug Tech will protect its intellectual property with patents and trade secrets.
Explanation:
A closed innovation model means that the company develops the product internally instead of through collaboration with external sources.
Pug Tech will therefore produce new products internally. As a result, they will be able to protect these products from being copied by others through patents and trade secrets because the law will recognize that they have exclusive rights to the new technology seeing as they came up with it.
