A single supreme court case can involve justices writing several different opinions, The Supreme Court struck down part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 as unconstitutional, thus establishing that it had the power to determine the constitutionality of laws.
The supreme court of the us is the highest courtroom inside the land and the simplest part of the federal judiciary specially required by using the charter. The charter does now not stipulate the range of preferrred courtroom Justices; the range is about as a substitute by means of Congress.
The ideally suited court docket has been conferred with strength to direct switch of any civil or criminal case from one kingdom high courtroom to some other state high court or from a court docket subordinate to any other nation excessive courtroom.
A superb courtroom is the very best court within the hierarchy of courts in maximum prison jurisdictions. other descriptions for such courts include court of closing hotel, apex court docket, and excessive (or final) court of attraction. extensively talking, the choices of a excellent court docket aren't challenge to in addition evaluate by using any other courtroom.
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Ophra is a cash basis taxpayer who is employed in the publishing industry. This year her employer informed her that because of her outstanding performance she is entitled to a free world cruise. Ophra asked her employer to issue the cruise tickets to her parents, and he complied with this request. Identify the principle that will determine whether Ophra or her parents are taxed on the value of the cruise tickets:
A) Assignment of income.
B) Constructive receipt.
C) Return of capital principle.
D) Wherewithal to pay.
E) All of the choices are correct.A
A) Assignment of income is the correct answer.
According to this principle, Oprah will be taxed on the value of cruise tickets. It is just an assignment of income like gifts.
It is standardized. No further explanation is required.
You can directly assign a portion of your income to another individual through an assignment of income. Numerous taxpayers wrongly believe that assigning your income to someone else will cut your taxable income, even though there are many good reasons to do so. You can divert taxes, but you cannot divert income when you assign income.
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Which best describes a Political Action Committee PAC?
A political action committee (PAC) is a company connected to an interest group that collects campaign donations and gives them to political candidates.
In the US, a political action committee (PAC) is a 527 organization that collects member campaign contributions and distributes those funds to campaigns in support of or opposition to candidates for office, laws, or ballot initiatives. In an effort to regulate campaign funding in the US, the legal term PAC was developed. Other democracies use alternative words for the amount spent on political campaigns or other electoral activities (see political finance).Under the Federal Election Campaign Act as amended by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002, a group at the federal level in the United States becomes a PAC when it receives or spends more than $1,000 to influence a federal election and registers with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) (also known as the McCain-Feingold Act). A organization may establish a PAC at the state level in accordance with the state's election laws.Thus this is what best describes a Political Action Committee.
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regarding union shops, an arrangement in which joining a union is totally voluntary is called a (an) ____ shop: agency closed open freelance
Regarding union shops, an arrangement in which joining a union is totally voluntary is called a (an) open shop.
A union shop, also referred to as a put up-access closed shop, is a form of a union protection clause. below this, the organization concurs to both handiest rent labor union individuals or to require that any new personnel who are not already union participants end up individuals inside a positive amount of time.
Union save, association requiring workers to enroll in a selected union and pay dues inside a unique time frame after starting employment—generally 30 to ninety days. Such an arrangement ensures that people will pay for the advantages of union representation.
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New hampshire is the only state that has no law requiring adults to do what while driving
a. True
b. False
This statement is true.
New Hampshire is the solely U.S. nation that does not by way of regulation require grownup drivers to wear safety belts whilst running a motor vehicle.
Does New Hampshire have a seat belt law?Drivers and person the front seat passengers need to wear seat belts in the District of Columbia and all states without New Hampshire. New Hampshire has no law that covers drivers or passengers 18 and older. Child restraint laws range through state.
Can you force in New Hampshire at 15 and a half?New Hampshire residents can start mastering to drive at the age of 15½ but should be at least sixteen years historic to apply for a driver license. Drivers underneath 18 years old ought to complete an permitted Driver Education Program and furnish written permission from a guardian or guardian in order to practice for a driver license.
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https://brainly.com/question/598371#SPJ4place these major moments in the history of american foreign relations in chronological order from earliest to most recent.
misappropriation is a civil offense punishable by compensatory and punitive damages but is not a criminal offense in any state.
It is true. Misappropriation is not a crime in any state, but it is a civil infraction that can result in compensatory and punitive penalties.
Misappropriation is the illegal use of someone else's name, likeness, identity, possessions, discoveries, or inventions without that person's consent and with the intent to cause that person harm.
Another meaning of the phrase is the willful and improper use of resources, especially when carried out by a public figure.
In terms of criminal law, misappropriation refers to the willful, unlawful use of another person's money or property for one's own benefit or another unauthorized purpose, especially by public officials, trust trustees, executors or administrators of decedents' estates, or by anyone with a duty to look after and safeguard the property of others (a fiduciary duty). Misappropriation can take several forms depending on the jurisdiction and the value of the property.
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which of the following best describes legislation that could be used to address problems with overfishing?
Legislation that could be used to address problems with overfishing was the convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora that uses trade rules to protect commercially valuable species.
There is the approaches that commonly used to combat the problem of overfishing is Aquaculture or fish farming method that can be used to increase the availability of species like salmon and shrimp for consumption because it increased concerns about the impact of overfishing.
The legislation deals with overfishing was the Magnuson stevens fishery conservation & management act is the primary law that governs marine fisheries management in U.S. federal waters. Its objectives that included the preventing of overfishing.
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Which is an example of criteria?; What should a grading rubric include?; What is a rubric used for?; Who creates a rubric?
An evaluation tool known as a rubric is used to score projects, products, and performance. It consists of three sections: indicators, a rating system, and performance standards.
The rubric outlines what is required of you and your students as well as how it will be evaluated.
A holistic rubric has a single scale on which all the evaluation factors are taken into account simultaneously (e.g., clarity, organization, and mechanics). With a holistic rubric the rater offers a single score (typically on a 1 to 4 or 1 to 6 point scale) based on an overall appraisal of the student work.
A rubric is a scoring tool that explicitly represents the criteria for scoring student work. The rater matches an entire piece of student work to one description on the scale.
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unless stated otherwise by the court, the conditions surrounding spousal support are generally .
Unless stated otherwise by the court, the conditions surrounding spousal support are generally death and remarriage of supported spouse.
A supported spouse who is cohabiting (living with) a new partner is often assumed to have a lower need for support.
The purpose of temporary spousal support is to maintain the parties' pre-divorce standard of living while the divorce is still proceeding.
In general, a court has a great deal of latitude to decide how to fairly divide the family's income in order to keep both parties as similar to their pre-divorce circumstances as is practicable.
Payments for spousal support are typically taxed to the recipient and deducted to the payer. Spousal support will be referred to as alimony on a tax return.
Couples who are able to make their own arrangements can frequently benefit from this tax policy by setting up payments so that both parties receive the greatest potential tax results.
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dan owns a parcel of land that has a river running through it. according to the legal rights granted to him as a landowner, he will not be allowed to build a dam across the length of the river to access all of the water for his crops, even if the dam is on his property.
The owner of the dominant tenement has the right to cross or pass over the property owned by the owner of the servient tenement.
An easement is a positive or negative right of access to real property that belongs to someone else. Positive rights are those that the right's holder is permitted to use the land for. Negative rights refer to those that the right holder has to stop the other landowner from using their property in a specific way. The easement helps the landowner and the "dominant tenement," which is their property. The "servient tenement" refers to the property over which the right is exercised (and there must be property to exercise the right over).A right of way serves as the best illustration of an easement. The owner of the dominating tenement has the right to cross or pass across the possessed land.
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a utilitarian government has to balance the gains from greater income equality against the losses from distorted work incentives. to maximize total utility, therefore, the government
A utilitarian government has to balance the gains from greater income equality against the losses from distorted work incentives. to maximize total utility, therefore, the government political philosophy.
utilitarianism bases the authority of presidency and the sanctity of character rights upon their software, for that reason presenting an opportunity to theories of herbal law,
Utilitarianism is an ethical concept that determines proper from incorrect with the aid of specializing in outcomes. it's far a shape of consequentialism. Utilitarianism holds that the most ethical preference is the one with a purpose to produce the greatest suitable for the greatest range.
The Utilitarian approach assesses an action in phrases of its outcomes or effects; i.e., the internet advantages and expenses to all stakeholders on an character degree. It strives to attain the greatest suitable for the finest wide variety while developing the least quantity of damage or stopping the best quantity of struggling.
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the criminal justice network is said to be based on several key, yet erroneous, assumptions. list 2 assumptions and explain why they are erroneous.
The criminal justice system is claimed to be founded on three essential, yet incorrect, assumptions. Because network components collaborate and have shared interests, the network follows a set of formal procedural norms to assure fair treatment of all members, which results in justice.
Everyone accused of a crime is treated fairly and is deemed innocent unless proven guilty. Each individual is given a prompt public trial before an impartial jury of his or her peers and is represented by competent legal counsel.
The criminal justice system was created to provide "justice for everyone." This includes safeguarding the innocent, punishing offenders, and establishing a fair judicial system to assist maintain national order. In other words, it protects our citizens.
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state constitutions can give additional rights, apart from those provided by the u.s. constitution. True/False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
the key difference between modern liberals, conservatives, and libertarians is their view of
In keeping with the common US meanings of conservative and liberal, libertarianism in the United States has been described as conservative on economic issues.
Economic liberalism and fiscal and liberal conservatism on personal liberty, civil libertarianism,and cultural liberalism.The Liberals focused on the government still running much of the economy, but with more social freedoms, and the conservatives focused on the government continuing to uphold traditional social norms but allowing freedoms,especially around the use of free markets.Liberalism is the predominant ideology of the left and conservatism is the predominant ideology of the right.Those who hold beliefs between liberalism and conservatism or a mix of beliefs on this scale are called moderates.
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Certain courts are specialized courts, which means that they
do not have trials
are only at the state level
have limited jurisdiction
are appellate courts
Certain courts are specialized courts, which means that they have limited jurisdiction.
What courts are defined as specialized courts?
Specialized courts are those that were established with a narrow scope of jurisdiction in a particular area of law. Usually, this jurisdiction is the only one. A special court has a streamlined and shorter process for dealing with certain unique cases. They were created in accordance with a law intended to address particular disputes that fell under their purview.
Through various Central and State laws, more than 25 special courts were established between 1950 and 2015. By implementing strategies and processes that are better suited to the category of cases they handle, specialized courts can also improve case management. This can increase their effectiveness and ability to address complicated problems that arise under their purview.
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Which of the following is NOT a sign of intoxication?
Clumsiness
Slurred speech
Aggression
Coherent statements
Analyze the major provisions of the Texas Constitution today
In which of the following ways are the legislative institutions of Texas and the United States similar?
The Speaker of the House is selected by members of the House.
The House of Representatives can impeach officials from other branches.
Senators serve longer terms than representatives.
The legislature is required to create balanced budgets.
Senators are elected statewide.
Both uphold each individual citizen's rights. Both enshrine the people as the fundamental source of political authority. Both give branches the ability to restrain one another's activity.
Each member of the Texas Legislature serves a single legislative district because the state uses single-member districts. Also applicable to congressional seats is this. The state legislative and congressional districts are reconfigured every ten years following the U.S. census in order to ensure proportionate representation. The Texas and American constitutions both call for representative government with three parts or departments each holding a portion of the political authority. But the Texas Constitution is far lengthier and more complex than the U.S. Constitution.
The separation of powers between the three branches of government in the Texas government is similar to that in the US.
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why does the government get involved in chemical regulation? give one reason.
The goal of numerous national legislation or international initiatives like treaties, strategies, or agreements is to regulate chemicals.
The Chemicals Act was enacted when?On June 22, 2016, President Obama approved the bill and made it law. Bonnie Lautenberg, the senator's widow, attended the signing ceremony at the White House. EU: REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals) and CLP (Classification, Labeling, and Packaging) regulations govern the management of chemicals in Europe.
How do laws get made by the EPA?Congress grants the EPA the authority to develop regulations in order to make the laws operational on a daily basis. Regulations specify exactly what is permitted and what is not.
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how are political parties organized and how can citizens participate in political parties?
Voting allows citizens to take part in the democratic process. Leaders are chosen by the people who will serve as their representatives and champion their causes. Only citizens of the United States have two particular privileges: the ability to vote in federal elections and to run for federal office.
Voting allows citizens to take part in the democratic process. Leaders are chosen by the people who will serve as their representatives and champion their causes. Many people have a strong sense of devotion to their community and actively participate in activities that raise the standard of living there. The term "citizen participation" refers to this.
According to the public participation principle, individuals who will be impacted by a decision have a right to participate in its formulation. Participation by the public suggests that their input will have an impact on the choice.
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nursing home care company is charged with violating a rule of the social security administration. most likely, nursing home care will be required to appear at a hearing presided over by a federal appellate court judge. a federal district court judge. an administrative law judge. a u.s marshal.
Nursing home care company is charged with violating a rule of the social security administration. most likely, nursing home care will be required to appear at a hearing presided over by an administrative law judge.
A nursing home referred to a facility for the residential care of elderly or disabled people. It may also be referred to as skilled nursing facility or long-term care facilities.
Nursing homes care provide a wide range facilities of medical and personal services to residents, including twenty four an hour supervision, prepared meals, and assistance with mobility issues like rehabilitation services such as speech or physical therapy sessions may also be available.
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which government agency is responsible for making sure medications are safe to use?
The food and drug administration (FDA) is responsible for making sure medications are safe to use.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is in charge of ensuring the security, safety, and efficacy of biological goods, medical devices, our country's food supply, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting products in order to safeguard the public's health. The FDA also offers the general public precise, fact-based health information.
Located under the Department of Health and Human Services, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal organization. The FDA is in charge of ensuring the safety of food, tobacco products, dietary supplements, prescription and over-the-counter medications, vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, blood transfusions, medical devices, electromagnetic radiation emitting devices (ERED), cosmetics, animal foods & feed, and veterinary products in order to protect and advance public health.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. after the elections in___, the republican party held all statewide offices and comprised the majority in both the texas house and senate.
After the elections in Texas, the republican party held all statewide offices and comprised the majority in both the texas house and senate.
An election is a proper group choice-making system via which a populace chooses an man or woman or a couple of individuals to maintain a public workplace. Elections were the same old mechanism through which modern-day consultant democracy has operated since the 17th century. An election is a proper institutional decision-making manner by means of which a populace chooses a man or woman or multiple people to keep the public workplace.
Elections were the same old mechanism via which current representative democracy has operated since the 17th century.[1] Elections can also fill places of work in the legislature, once in a while inside the govt and judiciary, and for local and local government. This procedure is also used in lots of other non-public and commercial enterprise organizations, from golf equipment to voluntary institutions and agencies.
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T/F which of the following law enforcement employees are mandated to receive licensing from the texas commission on law enforcement?
1)All commissioned peace officers 2)Jailers for the county jail 3)Dispatchers and telecommunications worker 4)Jailers for privately run jails. This four types of law enforcement employees are TRUE.
Law enforcement is the action of some government officials who work in an organized way to uphold the law by finding, discouraging, rehabilitating, or punishing those who transgress the laws and standards that govern that society. Police, courts, and prisons are all included in the phrase. These three elements can work together or separately by exchanging records and cooperating with one another. Organizations exist to deter a range of non-criminal infractions of laws and conventions by the implementation of less severe penalties like probation, despite the fact that law enforcement might be more interested in the prevention and prosecution of crimes.
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if an officer does not investigate an accident, the driver and/or owner of a motor vehicle which is involved in that accident must file a report to the police:
If any officer is not investigating an accident, then the driver or any owner for that particular motor vehicle must be involved in this accident must file a proper report to the head of police i.e., law-enforcement officer.
Every law-enforcement officer who withinside the direction of responsibility investigates a motor automobile twist of fate ensuing in harm to or loss of life of any individual or overall assets harm to an obvious volume of $1,500 or more, both on the time of and on the scene of the twist of fate or thereafter and elsewhere, with the aid of using interviewing contributors or witnesses shall, inside twenty-4 hours after finishing the investigation, ahead a written record of the twist of fate to the Department.
The record shall encompass the call or names of the coverage service or of the coverage agent of the auto legal responsibility coverage on every automobile worried withinside the twist of fate. Any record filed pursuant to subsection A of this segment shall encompass facts as to (i) the rate of every automobile worried withinside the twist of fate and (ii) the form of motors worried in all injuries among passenger motors and motors or mixtures of motors used to move assets, and (iii) whether or not any vans worried in such injuries had been included or uncovered.
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In the ___________ form of municipal government, the mayor shares appointive and removal power with a city council.
a. strong mayor-council
b. weak mayor-council
c. commission
d. council-manager
In the strong mayor-council form of municipal government, the mayor shares appointive and removal power with a city council.
A municipality is usually a single administrative department having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by way of national and local laws to which it is subordinate. The term municipality may also suggest the governing frame of a given municipality.[1] A municipality is a trendy-motive administrative subdivision, instead of a special-cause district. The time period is derived from French municipalité and Latin municipalis.[2] The English phrase municipality derives from the Latin social settlement municipium (derived from a phrase meaning "obligation holders"), relating to the Latin communities that provided Rome with troops in change for his or her personal incorporation into the Roman nation (granting Roman citizenship to the population) even as permitting the communities to retain their own neighborhood governments (a restricted autonomy).
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Which of the following best describes the Scopes Monkey Trial?
The 1925 prosecution of science instructor John Scopes for attempting to teach creation in Tennessee public school, that had been deemed unlawful by recent laws, is known as Scopes Trial, referred as Scopes Monkey Trial.
The State of Tennessee vs. John Thomas Scopes, also known as that of the Scopes Monkey Trial, had been an American legal case that took place from July 10th to July 21st, 1925. John T. Scopes, a high school teacher, was accused of breaking the Butler Act of Tennessee, which made it unlawful for educators to teach about human evolution in either state-funded school. The trial was purposefully set up to generate notoriety for the little Tennessee town of Dayton, in which it was held.
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Currently, law enforcement agencies are not permitted to collect DNA samples from criminal suspects who have been arrested for serious crimes until after they have been convicted. T/F?
The given statement is FALSE. It is now largely accepted procedure to obtain DNA samples from criminals who have been found guilty.
The databases of DNA that have resulted from the routine judicial upholding of legislation authorizing the collecting of DNA from both serving and former prisoners have evolved into effective tools for the analysis of forensic evidence gathered from crime scenes. The databases assist in clearing deserving suspects and guiding law enforcement personnel away from fruitless inquiries. They also aid in the conviction of guilty criminals and the exoneration of the falsely convicted. Collecting DNA samples from suspects who are arrested but not prosecuted is a trend that is generating a lot of discussion. A total of 20 states have established laws requiring DNA collection after an arrest, as has the federal government. Because of this legislation, there are worries that crime labs won't be able to handle an inflow of samples from a new source and that reconviction DNA collection may infringe on Fourth Amendment privacy rights.
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(True or False) an agreement that involves an option to buy real property need not be in writing for the option to be enforced.
Yes, the above statement is true. Indeed, an agreement that involves an option to buy real property need not be in writing for the option to be enforced.
An agreement is a declaration of two or more parties' consent. It happens as a result of an offer and an acceptance and symbolizes the fusion of ideas toward a common objective. One can express an agreement through words, actions, and in some cases even silence.
To agree several requirements must be met for a contract to be considered enforceable by a court: legality, capacity, offer, consideration, intention, certainty, and acceptance.
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Which of the following best defines the term judicial activism?
"Judicial activism" refers to a judge's propensity to interpret the Constitution in accordance with their personal beliefs.
The use of the court's scrutiny jurisdiction to declare government measures invalid is known as judicial activism. There is minimal consensus over which examples of that power are unwanted, yet the word is typically employed to highlight unpleasant exercises of that authority.The Roe v. Wade ruling, which held that laws prohibiting abortion were unconstitutional because they infringed a person's right to privacy, is regarded by many as one of the most important cases of judicial activism in American history.It happens as a result of the system's widespread inefficiency and inactivity. The violation of basic human rights has also led to judicial activism. Judicial activism has become more significant as a result of the misapplication and abuse of various Constitutional provisions.Thus this is the definition of Judicial activism.
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Which federal law sets the minimum standards for most voluntarily established pension and health plans in private industry to provide protection for individuals in these plans?
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) is a federal law that sets minimum standards for most voluntarily established retirement and health plans in private industry to provide protection for individuals in these plans.
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) is a federal tax and labor law in the United States that establishes minimum requirements for pension plans in private industry (Pub.L. 93-406, 88 Stat. 829, enacted September 2, 1974. It contains guidelines for how transactions involving employee benefit plans will be taxed at the federal level. In order to safeguard the interests of participants in employee benefit plans and their beneficiaries, ERISA was passed by:
Requiring beneficiaries to receive financial and other plan-related information;Establishing guidelines for plan fiduciaries' behavior;Granting access to the federal courts and adequate remediesLearn more about The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974To visit this link
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