A strain of Drosophila known as dunce produces one-half the amount of cAMP phosphodiesterase found in wild-type flies, which causes a learning defect. Another strain of Drosophila known as rutabaga produces a defective adenylyl cyclase protein (one of the AC types expressed in most cells) and also causes a learning defect. A dunce - rutabaga double mutant fly has relatively normal learning. Explain these curious observations.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

From the given observations we can say that there are 2 genes that are responsible for normal learning. It is also given that the dunce and rutabaga mutations are the mutations of 2 different genes.

Due to complementation which is a phenomenon of restoration of normal phenotype if mutants are crossed, it is found that the flies have normal learning behavior if both mutants are crossed.

Let's assume that the Drosophila having this learning effect and it is due to genes D and R where D is the normal gene and dd is the case of mutation that results in duncy phenotype. Similarly, Gene R is responsible for normal learning, and rr results in rutabaga phenotype.

Cross between ddRR (duncy) x DDrr (rutabaga)

Gametes - dR x Dr

F1 progeny - DdRr    

Thus, in heterozygous cases, a single copy of both wild-type alleles D and R complement each other.


Related Questions

which products of photosynthesis are necessary for human life ?



a) carbon dioxide for us to breathe in, as well as sunlight and water.


b) oxygen for us to breathe in , as well as sunlight and water.


c) oxygen for us to breathe in , as well as glucose forcus to consume for energy.


d) carbon dioxide for us to breathe in, as well as glucose for us to consume for energy. ​

Answers

I believe the answer is C. We don’t really breathe in Co2, we breathe it out. Hope this is right and that it helps! My apologies if it doesn’t :(

A woman with a straight hairline has as child with a man who is heterozygous
and has a widow's peak.
What is the mother's genotype?

Answers

Answer:

aa

Explanation:

A widow's peak is the dominant genotype so one must not have that trait. If it was presented then the woman would have the genotype.

A widow's peak is dominant so the man would be either AA or Aa. Since it stated that his is heterozygous (Hetero meaning two different), his genotype would be Aa (again since a widow's peak is the dominant, it only needs one dominant genotype)

The diagram below shows a cell placed in a solution.

A cell is shown placed inside a beaker. It is labeled Cell. The solution inside the beaker is labeled 2% salt solution and the solution inside the cell is labeled 4% salt solution.

What will most likely happen to the cell?

It will expand as water moves out of it.
It will shrink as water moves out of it.
It will expand as water moves into it.
It will shrink as water moves into it.

Answers

The answer is the second option, it will shrink as water moves out of it.


The cell will shrink in size, losing water due to osmosis.

The most likely to happen to the cell is ; ( C ) It will expand as water moves into it

The movement of water in and out of a cell is based on osmosis .The cell membrane of the cell will regulate the movement of water molecules in and out of the cell. based on the solute concentration inside the cell and outside the cell.

When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution ( i.e. a solution with a lower solute concentration as seen in the 2% salt solution ) the water molecules from the hypotonic solution will move into the cell which will cause the cell to be Turgid/expand over time.  

Hence we can conclude that the most likely thing to happen to the cell is ;  It will expand as water moves into it

Learn more : https://brainly.com/question/82248

Which process is represented by the picture below?

A. Vegetative Propagation
B. Meiosis
C. Fertilization
D. Binary Fission



HELPP MEEE

Answers

Answer:

Meiosis is the correct answer

B. Meiosis
Hope this helped!

The...........is also known as the tympanum.

1)eardrum

2)stapes

3)cochlea

4)malleus



Answer and I will give you brainiliest

Answers

Answer:

1

djdhdbbdbdbsbdbdbsb

helpp please !!! thanks

Answers

Answer: it would be b!

Explanation:

Which statement best describes the evolution of hominid structure over time?
The size of the skull decreased.
O The size of the brain cavity increased.
O The shape of the head became flatter.
The shape of the teeth became more pointed.

Answers

Answer:

The size of the brain cavity increased.

Explanation:

Over the years the brain cavity got bigger  and so did our brain and that is why humans are smarter

The evolution of hominid structure over time involved the increase in the size of the brain cavity.

What is evolution?

Evolution refers to the gradual and cumulative changes that occurred in organisms over a long period of time which made them more complex and which they were able to transmit to their offspring.

The hominids were the ancestors of the modern day humans.

Through the process of evolution, the size of the brain cavity increased in hominids resulting in larger brains and more complexity as seen in modern humans today.

Therefore, the increase in the brain cavity of hominids occurred through the process of evolution.

Learn more about evolution at: https://brainly.com/question/26125007

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‼️‼️‼️‼️HELP HELP HELP HELP HELP WHOEVER CAN PLEASE‼️‼️‼️‼️

Answers

Answer: i would say b!

Explanation:

hope i helped! :D

6 In the condition hyperthyroidism, patients have elevated levels of both T3 and 14 due to a malfunction of the
immune system that causes the thyroid gland to overproduce thyroid hormones. Do you think the negative
feedback loops would lead to high levels of TSH or low levels of TSH? Explain.

Answers

I have no idea but good luck

What does DNA do for our bodies? 'T​

Answers

DNA contains the instructions for an needed for an organism to develop, survive, and reproduce.

PLZ HELPPPPPPPPPPPP

Answers

Answer:

you're correct

Explanation:

Answer:

楽しい時間楽しい時間楽しい時間

Explanation:

If you tossed a coin a total of ten times and got a total of three
heads, what is the probability of tossing heads in your next
toss?

Answers

Answer:

The probability of exactly 3 heads in 10 tosses is 1201024.

The probability that result will be head in the next toss is 1/2.

What is Probability?

This is a mathematical term which is used to describe how likely an event is to occur or how true a proposition is. In this scenario, we have two variables which are head and tail.

The probability probability of tossing heads in your next toss is therefore

1/2 = 50% chance.

Read more about Probability here brainly.com/question/24756209

In cocker spaniels, black coat color ( B) is dominant over red ( b), and solid color ( S) is dominant over spotted ( s). In the F 2 generation of a cross between BB ss with bb SS, what fraction of the offspring would be expected to be black and spotted

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -3/16

Explanation:

The cross between BBss and bbSS In cocker spaniels will form gametes that are - Bs and bS. As it is given that  black coat color ( B) is dominant over red ( b), and solid color ( S) is dominant over spotted ( s) then f1 gen would be :

      Bs      Bs

bS BbSs  BbSs

bS  BbSs  BbSs

Now F2 generation;

       BS        Bs        bS        bs

BS   BBSS   BBSs   BbSS   BbSs

Bs   BBSs    BBss   BbSs   Bbss

bS   BbSS   BbSs   bbSS    bbSs

bs   BbSs   Bbss   bbSs     bbss

Here black-spotted that is possible only in two cases, BBss or Bbss, are 3/16

Which location would u most likely NOT expect an earth quake


Location 1
Location 2
Location 3
Location 4

Answers

Answer:

Location 4

Explanation:

The closest you are to a tectonic plate, the most likely is to expect an earthquake. Note how Location 3 is over California. So, location 4 is away from the tectonic plates.

Point mutations resulting in a single amino acid substitution provided evidence that: Select one: A. The genetic code is a triplet code. B. The genetic code is overlapping. C. The genetic code is not overlapping. D. The genetic code is degenerate. E. tRNAs recognize codons.

Answers

Answer:

C. The genetic code is not overlapping.

Explanation:

The genetic code is nonoverlapping because each nucleotide can be part of only one codon or 'codeword' during protein synthesis. Therefore, a particular point mutation in the nucleotide sequence can result in only one amino acid modification. A nonoverlapping genetic code indicates that the same letter (i.e., the same nucleotide) can not be used for two different codons. The non-overlapping nature of the genetic code was discovered by Tsugita and Fraenkel-Conrat (1960) by observing point mutations in the tobacco mosaic virus.

A change or modification in the single nucleotide base of the genetic material is called a point mutation. It can be either addition, deletion or inversion.

The correct answer is:

Option C. The genetic code is not overlapping.

This can be explained as:

The point mutation in the amino sequence tells that the codons are not overlapping and a single nucleotide is a part of only a single type of codon.

A single nucleotide can't be included in two codons.

The same letters of the bases purines and pyrimidines are not a part of two different triplets.

Therefore, point mutation tells that the genetic code is non-overlapping.

To learn more about point mutations and codons follow the link:

https://brainly.com/question/6965985

.
What is a concept?
1.a fact that has been proven
2.the answer to a scientific question
3.an idea that can be used to talk about the world
4.a set of questions related to one topic

Answers

Number 3 is correct
Concept; an abstract idea or general notion

Answer:

an idea that can be used to talk about the world

Explanation:

Meiosis consists of _________ division(s) of the nucleus.

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. four

Answers

Answer:

the answer is two for this question

The movement of glucose across a plasma membrane is achieved by

Answers

Answer:

facilitated diffusion

Explanation:

4. Free or low-cost apps have few of the same benefits as fitness trackers.
True
False

Answers

The given statemnet is false because  Free or low-cost apps can provide many of the same benefits as fitness trackers, albeit with some limitations.Option B

Fitness trackers are dedicated devices designed specifically for monitoring physical activity and collecting data related to fitness goals. They often include features like step counting, heart rate monitoring, sleep tracking, and GPS tracking. These devices may offer a more seamless and integrated user experience, with optimized hardware and software for tracking and analyzing fitness data.

However, free or low-cost apps can offer similar benefits and functionalities, albeit with some trade-offs. Many smartphone apps are available that can track steps, monitor heart rate, record workouts, and provide guidance for various exercises. These apps can be downloaded and installed on smartphones, making them accessible and convenient for users.

While some features might be more accurate or reliable in dedicated fitness trackers due to specialized sensors, smartphone apps can still provide valuable data and insights for tracking fitness progress. They can offer personalized workout plans, track progress over time, provide reminders and notifications, and offer social features for sharing achievements and connecting with others.

Moreover, free or low-cost apps often come with the advantage of being customizable, allowing users to choose the features and functionalities that are most relevant to their specific fitness goals and preferences. They can be easily updated and expanded with new features as technology advances.

In conclusion, while dedicated fitness trackers may offer a more comprehensive and optimized experience, free or low-cost apps can still provide many of the same benefits, making them a viable alternative for individuals seeking fitness tracking capabilities.

Option B

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which of the following would be produced during mitosis

Answers

Answer:

mitosis is a process of cell division in which one cell is divided into two and the two cells produced are exacty similar to the parent cell. chromosome number cell size remains same.

mitosis plays an important role in growth of organisms.

Explanation:

Which of these is NOT found in a bone?

A) cells

B) muscle tissue

C) blood cells

D) nerve tissue

Answers

Answer:

D. Nerve tissue

Explanation:

Why do multicellular cells communicate together?

1. To maintain strength and shape

2. To be more organized

3. To maintain homeostasis

Answers

Answer:

I think 3 because I had the same thing but eah

pretty sure it’s 1 but yeah

which list shows the phase of mitosis in the correct order

Answers

The correct awnser for this should be
D

Answer:    The answer is B.  prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Explanation:    

A geneticist is mapping the chromosomes of the newly captured gremlin. Stripe is heterozygous for three linked genes with alleles Ee, Hh, and Bb, that determine if gremlins are evil (E), have hair (H), and biting teeth (B). In order to determine if the three genes are linked, a standard testcross was done, and the 1000 offspring had the following genotypes: 48 ee Hh bb 36 ee hh Bb 400 ee Hh Bb 4 Ee Hh Bb 426 Ee hh bb 46 Ee hh Bb 38 Ee Hh bb 2 ee hh bb What is the recombination frequency between genes E and H

Answers

the recombination frequency would be between E and H meaning it will have

Recombination frequency determines if two genes are linked or if they segregate independently from each other. The recombination frequency between E and H is 8%

What are linked genes?

Linked genes are those that are too close to each other in the same chromosome and they do not segregate independently.

These are the linked genes that do not exhibit an independent distribution, and they are inherited together more frequently.  

What is recombination frequency?

Recombination frequency can be defined as the crossing over events  frequency occurring between two genes.

The value of recombination frequency indicates weather genes are linked or not. The maximum recombination frequency is always 50%.

When RF is 50% or more, we can assume that genes are not linked.

In the exposed example, we can recognize the parental gametes in the descendants because their phenotypes are the most frequent, while the double recombinants are the less frequent.

Parental)

400 ee Hh Bb

426 Ee hh bb

Double recombinant)

4 Ee Hh Bb

2 ee hh bb

Simple recombinant)

48 ee Hh bb

36 ee hh Bb

46 Ee hh Bb

38 Ee Hh bb

We will call Region I to the area between genes E and H and Region II to the area between genes H and B.

------------E------------H--------------B-----------

              /---RI------//------RII-----/

To calculate the recombination frequency between E and H we just need to consider region I. We will call P1 to the recombination frequency in this region.

P1 = (R + DR) / N

Where:

R is the number of simple recombinants in this region, DR is the number of double recombinants in each region, and N is the total number of individuals.  

Now, let us analyze the information.

We know that individuals carrying double recombinant gametes are

Ee Hh Bbee hh bb

We know that the recessive parent from the testcross could only provide the following gametes ⇒ ehb

This leads us to assume that the followings are the double recombinant gametes from the trihybrid parent,

EHBehb

Since these gametes are the product of a double recombination event in region I and II, we can assume that the parental gametes of the trihybrid individual are

eHbEhB

Hence the simple recombinant gametes in region I are

EHbehB

Now, according to this analysis, we know that

Simple recombinants in region I

36 ee hh Bb

38 Ee Hh bb

Double recombinants

4 Ee Hh Bb

2 ee hh bb

Total number of individuals

N = 1000

Recombination frequency in Region I

P1 = (R + DR) / N

P1 = (38 + 36 + 4 + 2) / 1000

P1 = 80 / 1000

P1 = 0.08 = 8%

The recombination frequency between genes E and H is P1 = 8%

You can learn more about recombination frequency at

https://brainly.com/question/7299933

https://brainly.com/question/13798929

https://brainly.com/question/11629062

The area of the picture highlighted by the green square is a monomer of nucleic acids(DNA/RNA). Which of the following is the name for that monomer?

A. phosphate backbone
B. thymine
C. nucleotide​

Answers

Answer:

C. Nucleotide

Explanation:

There are four types of biological molecules existing in nature. These are: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are biological polymers made up of monomeric units called NUCLEOTIDES.

A nucleotide as depicted in the attached image is a molecule made up of three components namely; Penrose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine). Based on the image in this question;

A represents ADENINE

S represents SUGAR

P represents PHOSPHATE GROUP

Hence, the monomer is a NUCLEOTIDE.

All cells have DNA that must be replicated True or false

Answers

The answer is True.

The process of water moving from the Earth to the atmosphere and back again is called the

A. Earth cycle
B. Atmosphere cycle
C. life cycle
D. water cycle

Answers

water cycle i do believe so D

Can you help me with 1 please

Answers

The answer is option D. We have no way of knowing the number of revolutions of the planets.
The answer should be D

HELPPPPP
How many grams of LiCl are in 235.0 mL of 1.80 M lithium chloride solution?
1
Show Your Work

Answers

Answer:

Mass of LiCi = 17.9352 gm

Explanation:

Given:

Volume of LiCi = 235 ml

Molarity = 1.80 M

Find:

Mass of LiCi

Computation:

Atomic mass of LiCi = 6.9 + 365.5 = 42.4 gm

Mole(n) = Weight / Atomic mass

1.80 = [W / (42.4 x 235)]1000

Mass of LiCi = 17.9352 gm

Please :( Based on your knowledge of evolution, are humans evolving? Support your answer with factual evidence as to
why or why not

Answers

Answer:

Jesus made every one evalution is false

When Charles Darwin introduced the theory of evolution through natural selection 158 years ago, the scientists of the day argued over it fiercely, but the massing evidence from paleontology, genetics, zoology, molecular biology and other fields gradually established evolution's truth beyond reasonable doubt. Today that battle has been won everywhere—except in the public imagination. Embarrassingly, in the 21st century, in the most scientifically advanced nation the world has ever known, creationists can still persuade politicians, judges and ordinary citizens that evolution is a flawed, poorly supported fantasy. They lobby for creationist ideas such as “intelligent design” to be taught as alternatives to evolution in science classrooms. When this article first went to press in 2002, the Ohio Board of Education was debating whether to mandate such a change. Prominent antievolutionists of the day, such as Philip E. Johnson, a law professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and author of Darwin on Trial, admitted that they intended for intelligent-design theory to serve as a “wedge” for reopening science classrooms to discussions of God.

The good news is that in 2005 the landmark legal case Kitzmiller v. Dover in Harrisburg, Pa., set binding precedent that the teaching of intelligent design in U.S. public schools is unconstitutional because the idea is fundamentally religious, not scientific. The bad news is that in response, creationists have reinvented their movement and pressed on. When they lost the ability to claim that creationist ideas are valid science, they switched to arguing that they were only supporting “academic freedom.” Worse, to further obscure the religious roots of their resistance, they now push for “critical analysis” of climate change, cloning research and other scientific endeavors that they paint as culturally oppressive.Explanation:

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