A team of scientists is studying three related species of thrushes, which are a type of bird. In all three species, the thrushes feed on insects and build nests in trees. The team uses a computer simulation to predict the populations of each species in a tract of forest, both with and without the presence of other thrush species. The results are shown in the table.

Based on the computer simulations, which statement MOST likely describes an ecological relationship among the three species?

(A) All three species compete for the same niche, and species B is the strongest competitor.

(B) Species A and species C compete for the same niche, and species C is the stronger competitor.

(C) Species B fills a different niche than either species A or species C.

(D) Either species A or species C out-competes species B for its niche.

Answer:

Vacuole within the onion cell expands, pushing the cytoplasm outwards

Explanation:

If an onion cell that is placed into an external solution whose solute concentration is lower (hypotonic), i.e. having less salt, than that of the cytosol (because it had previously been in a salty solution), the vacuole within the cell will expand, pushing the cytoplasm outwards.

Answer:

somatic nerves

Explanation:

found in quizlet flashcards

Somatic nerves deliver commands to the muscles directing voluntary movement and communicating information back to the central nervous system.

The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that is associated with the voluntary movements of the body.

It involves the nerves that go into muscles and skin and control the conscious movements of our body.

The somatic nerves enable to control and movement of the muscles throughout the body.

It feeds information related to our senses such as sound, taste, touch, and smell, back to the central nervous system.  

Our sense of touch also uses somatic nerves to send information back to the central nervous system.

Only sight sense is the exception because the optic nerve cells are directly connected with the brain.

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A gene is said to be epistasis when its presence suppresses the effect of a gene at another locus.

What'smore, epistasis causes the marginal (i.e., additive) effects of alleles to be dependent on the prevailing genetic background. The additive component of genetic variance is therefore responsible for the immediate response of allele frequencies to selection, although these additive effects may vary over time.

Epistatic gene ,a gene that determines whether or not a trait will be expressed. The system skin color in man , example is independent of the gene responsible for albinism of skin color.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Answer:

Winds are generally weak because the equator is a region of mostly low air pressure.

Near the equator, the trade winds converge into a broad east to west area of light winds. The area is known as the doldrums because there are light winds.

Explanation:

This statement best describes the role of the cell membrane in this model the cell membrane allows water to enter and leave the cell.

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1. sounds like a song

-sis & -er ending and hydro prefix

2. imagine a room where you live and place each word in a place in the room

3. use a scent while reading the list again and again

and bring the scent with you during the test

4. unusual associations

these are macromolecules

macro molecules sound like macaroni molecules

Answer:

1. B. majority of them are found along the edges of some continents

2. D. mountain ranges, volcanoes and earthquake epicenters are located in transform fault boundaries.

DNA is often transferred directly through conjugation between bacterial cells.

In bacteria, conjugation is a process through which bacteria transfer their DNA - genetic material from one bacterium to another.

In this process, one bacteria is the donor, and the other is the recipient of the genetic material.

The material is transferred either through a bridge-like connection or by a cell-to-cell connection.

The donor bacterium contains the material of fertilization or the fusion of male and female gametes.

To put it simply, the process of conjugation is not only vital for the evolution of bacteria but also for a human good cause.

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Answer:

The ability of an animal to relate a present complex scene to its own previous history of learning conferred an adaptive evolutionary advantage

Explanation:

The ability of an animal to relate a present complex scene to its own

Segments of double-stranded (duplex) DNA of a chromatid that have noncomplementary regions are called heteroduplex segments.

In the field of genetics, heteroduplex segments of the DNA are the regions of the DNA in which the strands are not complimentary to each other. Heteroduplex segments may be caused due to mismatches or insertions or deletions.

The two strands of the DNA are compatible with each other for the major part. However, an error such as a mismatch may occur which in turn causes a heteroduplex segment to form. In chromatids, heteroduplex segments may be present as a result of crossing over.

Heteroduplex segments are often created in the laboratory for testing purposes. It helps scientists in studying mismatched pairs so they can be diagnosed.

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The F1 progeny of a hybrid between round and wrinkled pure breed cell lines were fully round, not half round and wrinkled, as blending theory would suggest.

"A monohybrid cross is a cross between two individuals having homozygous genotypes that produce the opposite phenotype for a certain genetic characteristic." "A Monohybrid Cross is a cross characteristics of a monohybrid (TT and tt). A monohybrid results in the transfer of one gene.

Mendel's Second Law - the law for independent assortment; the segregation of alleles from one allelic pair during gamete production is independent of the segregation of alleles from another allelic pair.

The ratio of incidence of various phenotypes in just about any cross containing Mendelian traits, particularly the 3:1 ratio demonstrated by the second filial generation with offspring from parents who differ in respect to a single character.

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This  decribes the point mutations.

Point mutation occur when a nucleotide is swapped for another nucleotide and can be missense , non sense or silent mutations. Chromosomal mutation occur when an abnormal number of chromosomes.

Point Mutation is a genetic alterations caused  by the substitution of a single nucleotide for another nucleotide.

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Fossil evidence indicates that complex life forms developed approximately 3.5 billion years before present.

In addition to impressions, preserved remains, and indications of life, fossils represent the best-preserved evidence of past life on Earth. The most common sources of fossils are the hard parts of a creature, such as the exoskeleton, bones, stone imprints, and shells. Due to the unusual conditions that must exist for a fossil to form, they are exceedingly uncommon. The earliest fossil living forms date back 3.5 billion years. Cyanobacteria, one of the planet's first life forms, left behind these fossils. Since these cyanobacteria lived in thick bacterial mats, the fossil record has preserved them.

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Answer:

White blood corpuscles

Explanation:

The are made in the bone marrow along with red blood corpuscles. It moves along blood and into tissue looking for bacteria, fungi, parasite, virus etc., to destroy.

A high mass star will not be able to generate enough energy beyond the silicon fusion cycle to stop its collapse because iron fusion doesn't generate excess energy and gas pressure to prevent the core from collapsing. Instead, it requires additional energy.

A high mass star or massive star is a star that is more than 8 times the mass of the sun. For nuclear fusion to continue to occur in such a star, two things are needed, high temperature and pressure. The more temperature and pressure a star has, the more likely it is able to fuse heavier elements like silicon and iron.

Towards the end of the life cycle of a massive star, it starts to fuse silicon, forming iron atoms. These heavy iron particles remain at the core of the star without undergoing any further nuclear fusions. This is because iron has a too much positively charged protons in its nuclei, which causes it to repel the protons in other smaller nuclei like helium, preventing nuclear fusion. Thus, more energy is needed for iron fusion to occur and doesn't give back excess energy or any gas pressure to prevent the core from collapsing, leading to a supernova.

Hence, the reason why nuclear fusion does not work beyond the silicon fusion is that iron fusion requires energy and does not produce any gas pressure.

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Although there are many different types of cells in the human eye, rods and cones are responsible for sensing light. Rods are more sensitive to light intensity than cones are to color. Rods have a considerably greater convergence and hence send more information per ganglion, making them more sensitive to light. This allows for crisper vision in low light conditions or the dark.

It is concentrated on areas of the retina that are predominately made up of rod photoreceptors when you are not looking directly at something. Compared to the cones, which are gathered in the area of the retina used for direct vision, they are more sensitive to low light.

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These are the terms and characteristics associated with prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic cells are defined by the following terms and characteristics: The nucleoid region of DNA, Circular chromosome, small cell size There are very few intracellular membranes.

Peptidoglycan-containing cell walls and Eukaryotic Cells: DNA within a nucleus Cells with a wide range of sizes, mitochondria, multiple membrane-enclosed organelles, and linear chromosomes.

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If an embolus breaks off in a systemic vein in the leg, it would be able to pass through the artery of lungs.

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Answer: Baby with type A is the mother's baby

Explanation:

Father has blood type O (father received an O from each parent making him OO)

Mother has blood type is AB

Therefore the possible combinations of the child's blood type are AO and BO. Since A and B are dominant blood types and O is recessive- the baby can have blood type A if they received AO from their parents or B if they received BO from their parents.

Of the three babies with blood types O, AB and A, baby with blood type A belongs to the mother.

We compared lipid dynamics and physiological responses during simulated wintering and transition to spring conditions in the cold-adapted blue mussel Mytilus edulis and the warm-water species oyster Crassostrea.

To simulate overwintering, animals were housed at 0 °C, 4 °C, and 9 °C for 3 months, then gradually switched to 20 °C and held at 20 °C for 5 weeks under spring-summer conditions. was simulated. Changes in lipid class and fatty acid composition were associated with clearance rates and oxygen consumption. We found that there are large interspecies differences in intriglyceride (TAG) metabolism during wintering. Mussels used her TAG stores in the digestive glands for energy metabolism or reproductive processes during the winter, whereas oysters did not accumulate large TAG stores prior to wintering. His TAG in mussels contained higher concentrations of 20:5n-3 compared to  oysters and diet. This helps offset the cold effect by lowering the melting point of TAG and  increasing the availability of cold storage fat. Mussels appear to be able to mobilize 20:5n-3 and 18:4n-3 more than other fatty acids. We also found that both mussels underwent major remodeling of membrane phospholipids. Unsaturation indices decreased in the gills and digestive glands of both species during the early stages of warming, mainly due to decreases in 22:6n-3 and 20:5n-3. In the digestive glands, the desaturation index  did not increase with decreasing temperature beyond a threshold reached at 9 °C, whereas it was completely negative in the gills, as predicted by the homeobiscus fit. ratio was observed. The presence of digestive enzymes and acids in the microenvironment of the digestive gland may create specific requirements for membrane stability.

However, That oysters had a lower metabolic rate than mussels, as predicted by Halbert's theory of membranes as metabolic pacemakers, is consistent with the lower desaturation index of their lipids.

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Answer:

The ocean absorbs nitrogen gas from the atmosphere.

Explanation:

In open ocean areas with low concentrations of nutrients (oligotrophic regions) some of this nitrogen is taken up by microbes and formed into various chemical compounds.

Resource partitioning is an ecological mechanism where two or more different species differentiate in ecological niches in order to coexist in the same region, which is in this case exploited by Anolis species.

Resource partitioning can be defined as an ecological process in which similar species develop certain adaptations to cohabit a given geographic area, thereby having different niches but living in the same region.

In this case, Anolis species live in the same area and also eat the same resources but they have adapted to cohabit by avoiding any type of harmful competition and thus coexist.

In conclusion, resource partitioning refers to an ecological phenomenon where two or more species differentiate in their niches to cohabit in the same region, which is in this case exploited by Anolis species.

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Because of a random confluence of circumstances including a volcanic eruption, a downpour, and further ashfall, the Laetoli footprints were created and preserved.

These findings support the idea that significant evolutionary changes to hominin bipedalism occurred within the last 3.66 million years, as the Laetoli footprints offer a clear snapshot of an early hominin bipedal gait that likely involved limb posture that was slightly but significantly different from our own. Myr

Seven million years ago, the oldest known human forebears were discovered there. In 1978, the oldest known biped was discovered there.

The earliest stone tools were created by Homo habilis during the early Stone Age, often known as the Lower Paleolithic.

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A curved, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative rod with a length of 1.04–1.06 m is known as Vibrio cholerae. Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease that poses a serious health risk to people in developing countries. It is caused by a facultative human pathogen that is present in coastal waters.

The cell wall serves a variety of purposes. It is adaptable but gives the cell strength, assisting in preventing physical harm to the cell. Additionally, it provides the cell its shape and enables the organism to keep its overall shape. The cell wall can defend the cell from infections like bacteria that are attempting to enter. Numerous small molecules can pass through the cell wall due to its structure, but larger ones that could harm the cell cannot.

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Answer: Melioidosis, also called Whitmore's disease, is an infectious disease that can infect humans or animals. The disease is caused by the bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei or B. pseudomallei, which is found in contaminated soil and water.

Explanation:

The principle used to determine whether an allele is experiencing evolution is called the - Hardy- Weinberg law of equilibrium.

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The role of the snake in this food web is Heterotroph.

A heterotroph is a secondary consumer that eats other animals and plants to fulfil their energy needs.

They cannot produce their own food and rely on organic matter to substance for nutrition.

Snake eats other organisms such as rodents, birds, rabbits, insects, reptiles, slugs, earthworms, eggs of other animals, frogs, toads etc.

They eat food through their mouth and swallow them . Their nutrition is heterotrophic nutrition.

On the contrary, autotrophs produce their own food, producers also make their own food, while saprotroph rely on organic matter for their food and nutrition.

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