Free cash flow (FCF) is a metric that represents the cash generated or produced by a company after accounting for capital expenditure (CAPEX) and any other expenses required to sustain the business.
It is calculated as:
FCF = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)
In this problem, the company ABC has paid a one-time free cash flow of 163 in one year.
We need to find out the present value of the company's unlevered equity. To find the present value of the company's unlevered equity, we need to use the discounted cash flow (DCF) method.
The formula for DCF is:
DCF = FCF / (1 + r)n
where FCF = free cash flow, r = required return, and n = number of years.
In this case, the free cash flow is 163, the required return is 0.18, and n = 1 (since the cash flow is for one year).
DCF = 163 / (1 + 0.18)1= 138.14
The present value of the company's unlevered equity is 138.14.
This is the value at which the firm's unlevered equity could be sold today.
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Rohan purchased a Critical Illness (CI) policy on his own life. A few months later he was diagnosed with a covered illness. Rohan died of the covered illness 40 days after the 30 day survival period. Will the insurer pay the benefit and to whom will it be paid out? Select one: a. Yes the insurer will pay the benefit to his beneficiary b. No because he had to survive 90 days from the date of diagnosis c. The insurer will not pay since critical illness is a living benefit product d. Yes the insurer will pay the benefit to Rohan's estate
Rohan died of the covered illness 40 days after the 30 day survival period. Therefore, the-A. insurer will pay the benefit, and it will be paid out to Rohan's beneficiary.
What is the reason?The insurer will pay the benefit and it will be paid out to Rohan's beneficiary.
Rohan purchased a Critical Illness (CI) policy on his own life and was later diagnosed with a covered illness.
The policyholder selects the beneficiary when he purchases the policy. The beneficiary is the person who will receive the benefit amount in the event of the policyholder's death.
A critical illness policy is a contract in which the insurer pays a lump sum if the policyholder is diagnosed with a covered illness, such as cancer, stroke, or heart attack, and meets the policy's survival period requirements.
However, the benefit amount is paid out only if the policyholder survives the survival period as defined in the policy, which is usually 30 to 90 days after the date of diagnosis.
Therefore, in this case, Rohan met the survival period requirements.
Hence, option a. is correct.
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During the first month of operations ended March 31, IceBox Fridgeration Company manufactured 165,000 mini refrigerators, of which 150,000 were sold. Operating data for the month are summarized as follows:
1
Sales
$11,250,000.00
2
Manufacturing costs:
3
Direct materials
$1,980,000.00
4
Direct labor
4,290,000.00
5
Variable manufacturing cost
412,500.00
6
Fixed manufacturing cost
2,475,000.00
9,157,500.00
7
Selling and administrative expenses:
8
Variable
$450,000.00
9
Fixed
1,125,000.00
1,575,000.00
Required:
1. Prepare an income statement based on the absorption costing concept.
2. Prepare an income statement based on the variable costing concept.
3. Explain the reason for the difference in the amount of operating income reported in (1) and (2).
During the first month of operations ended March 31, Ice Box Refrigeration Company manufactured 165,000 mini refrigerators, of which 150,000 were sold.
Operating data for the month are summarized as follows:
1) Preparing Income Statement Based on Absorption Costing Concept Sales of the firm are given as $11,250,000. The cost of goods sold in an absorption costing system includes direct materials, direct labor, variable manufacturing overhead, and fixed manufacturing overhead. Let's calculate the cost of goods sold to get the gross profit.
Direct materials $1,980,000Direct labor $4,290,000 Variable manufacturing costs $412,500 Fixed manufacturing costs $2,475,000 Total manufacturing costs $9,157,500Add opening inventories $0 Less closing inventories (15,000)Cost of goods sold $9,142,500.
Gross Profit = Sales - Cost of goods sold= $11,250,000 - $9,142,500 = $2,107,500 Selling and administrative expenses are given as $1,575,000, which is deducted from the gross profit to obtain the operating income.
Operating Income = Gross Profit - Selling and Administrative Expenses= $2,107,500 - $1,575,000= $532,5002) Preparing Income Statement Based on Variable Costing Concept Under the variable costing method, only variable costs are included in the cost of goods sold.
Direct materials $1,980,000Direct labor $4,290,000.
Variable manufacturing costs $412,500.
Variable selling and administrative expenses $450,000.
Total variable costs $7,132,500 Contribution Margin
= Sales - Variable Costs
= $11,250,000 - $7,132,500
= $4,117,500.
Fixed Manufacturing costs of $2,475,000 and Fixed Selling and administrative expenses of $1,125,000 are not included in cost of goods sold, hence they will be treated as period costs. Therefore, fixed costs will be treated as a deduction from the contribution margin to calculate the operating income.
Operating Income = Contribution Margin - Fixed Costs= $4,117,500 - $3,600,000= $517,5003.
Explanation of the Difference in the Amount of Operating Income Reported in (1) and (2)The difference in the amount of operating income between the two methods of costing is due to the difference in the treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead costs. Under absorption costing, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are included in the cost of goods sold and are expensed as the units are sold.
In contrast, under variable costing, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are treated as period costs and are deducted from the contribution margin to calculate operating income. The sale of 150,000 mini-refrigerators resulted in $2,107,500 of operating income under absorption costing and $517,500 of operating income under variable costing. Therefore, there is a difference of $1,590,000 between the two methods.
This difference can be explained by the fact that absorption costing assigns fixed manufacturing overhead costs to products while variable costing does not. Hence, under absorption costing, some of the fixed manufacturing overhead costs assigned to the unsold units are deferred to the future periods. This leads to a higher amount of operating income under absorption costing as compared to variable costing.
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When Arthur Andersen audited Enron, they should have recognized an acceptable level of detection risk is inversely related to the:
a. Assurance provided by substantive testing
b. Risk of misapplication of audit procedure
c. Preliminary judgement about materiality levels
d. Risk of failing to discover material misstatements.
The option is d. Risk of failing to discover material misstatements.
Auditors should recognize that an acceptable level of detection risk is inversely related to the risk of failing to detect significant misstatements. In other words, the greater the auditor's concern about the risk of material misstatement, the lower the acceptable level of detection risk and the more persuasive the evidence required to reduce detection risk to an acceptable level. The auditor's assessment of risk is the driving force behind audit planning, control, and testing activities.
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river corp's total assets at the end of last year were $405,000 and its net income was $32,750. what was its return on total assets? river corp's total assets at the end of last year were $405,000 and its net income was $32,750. what was its return on total assets? 9.62% 8.09% 8.98% 7.52% 7.20%
The return on total assets measures the profitability of a company in relation to its total assets. To calculate this ratio, we divide the net income by the total assets and multiply by 100 to express it as a percentage.
Return on total assets is a financial ratio that measures a company's ability to generate profit from its assets. It is calculated by dividing the net income by the total assets and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage. In this case, River Corp had a net income of $32,750 and total assets of $405,000. By plugging these values into the formula, we find that the return on total assets for River Corp is 8.09%. This means that for every dollar of assets, River Corp generated a return of 8.09 cents in net income. The return on total assets is an important metric for assessing a company's profitability and efficiency in utilizing its assets.
This means that for every dollar of assets, River Corp generated a return of 8.09 cents in net income. A higher return on total assets indicates better profitability and efficiency in using assets to generate income. It also suggests that the company is effectively managing its resources and generating value for its shareholders. Therefore, with a return on total assets of 8.09%, River Corp performed relatively well in terms of profitability and asset utilization.It indicates how well a company is able to generate income from its investments in assets. In the case of River Corp, with total assets of $405,000 and a net income of $32,750, the return on total assets is calculated as follows:
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currently the u.s. olympic committee (usoc) pays olympic athletes $25,000 for each gold medal, $15,000 for a silver medal, and $10,000 for a bronze medal. since 1960, the paralympics for disabled athletes has been a part of the olympic games, yet the usoc pays disabled athletes only 10 percent of what the olympic athletes are paid, and paralympic athletes are not allowed to participate in opening ceremonies. paralympic athletes are angry at being treated unfairly. to achieve perceived equity, the paralympic athletes are suing the usoc for larger rewards. paralympic athletes have decided to deal with the inequity by:
The Paralympic athletes should feel that they are experiencing "d) under-reward." Managers can motivate employees to increase their efforts by "c) matching rewards to employee needs." The correct answers are d) and c).
Paralympic athletes feel "under-rewarded" compared to Olympic athletes due to a significant pay disparity and exclusion from opening ceremonies.
They receive only 10 percent of the payment given to Olympic athletes, despite participating in the same event. This disparity leads to a perception of unfair treatment and being rewarded less than they deserve.
Managers can motivate employees by "matching rewards to employee needs" and considering higher-order needs, intrinsic value, and changing needs over time.
By understanding and addressing individual needs, managers can provide incentives that are meaningful and valuable to employees, thus enhancing their motivation and willingness to exert more effort.
Additionally, considering higher-order needs, acknowledging the intrinsic value of rewards, and recognizing that employee needs can change over time can also contribute to effective motivation strategies. The correct options are d) and c).
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is given below "Currently the U.S. Olympic Committee (USOC) pays Olympic athletes $25,000 for each gold medal, $15,000 for a silver medal, and $10,000 for a bronze medal. Since 1960, the Paralympics for disabled athletes has been a part of the Olympic Games, yet the USOC pays disabled athletes only 10 percent of what the Olympic athletes are paid, and Paralympic athletes are not allowed to participate in opening ceremonies. Paralympic athletes are angry at being treated unfairly.
1) The Paralympic athletes should feel that they are experiencing __________.
a, negative outcome
b, adverse valence
c, over-reward
d, under-reward
e, negative instrumentality
2) Managers can motivate employees to increase their efforts by _________.
a, relying on the innate value of extrinsic rewards
b, satisfying higher-order needs first
c, matching rewards to employee needs
d, expecting employees’ needs to remain stable
e, doing all of these"--
A process for producing the mosquito repellant Deet has an initial investment of $165,000 with annual costs of $43,000. Income is expected to be $90,000 per year. What is the payback period at i=0% per year? At i=12% per year? (Note: Round your answers to the nearest integer.) The payback period at i=0% is determined to be years. The payback period at i=12% is determined to be years.
Payback period:This term refers to the amount of time required for an investment to produce sufficient income to recover its initial costs.
Annual income:Annual income is the sum of all the money received during the year, including wages, salaries, interest, dividends, and rental income.Interest rate:An interest rate is the percentage rate charged on a loan or borrowed capital over a certain length of time.Mosquito repellant DEET is a process used to repel mosquitoes. A mosquito repellent is a substance that is designed to repel mosquitoes. The Payback period at i=0% per year?Initially, the cost of the mosquito repellent process is $165,000, and the annual cost is $43,000, while the annual revenue is $90,000. As a result, the payback period is the amount of time it takes to recover the initial investment. The payback period can be calculated using the following equation:Payback period = Initial investment / Annual incomePayback period = $165,000 / $90,000 = 1.83 yearsThe payback period at i=0% is determined to be 2 years (rounded to the nearest integer).The Payback period at i=12% per year?Payback period = Initial investment / Annual income Payback period = $165,000 / $90,000 = 1.83 yearsThe payback period formula for a project at a given interest rate is slightly different from the payback period formula for a project at 0% interest. The formula is as follows:Payback period = Initial investment / Annual income – (Interest rate / 100)Payback period = $165,000 / $90,000 – (12 / 100) = 1.29 yearsThe payback period at i=12% is determined to be 1 year (rounded to the nearest integer).Therefore, the payback period at i=0% is determined to be 2 years (rounded to the nearest integer) and the payback period at i=12% is determined to be 1 year (rounded to the nearest integer).
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Assume for a competitive firm that MC=AVC at $22,MC=ATC at $30, and MC=MR at $35. This firm will Multiple Choice maximize its profit by producing in the short run. minimize its losses by producing in the short run. realize a profit of $13 per unit of output. shut down in the short run.
The firm will maximize its profit by producing in the short run.
1. The given information states that the marginal cost (MC) is equal to the average variable cost (AVC) at $22. This implies that the additional cost of producing one more unit is equal to the average variable cost at that level of production.
2. The information also states that MC is equal to the average total cost (ATC) at $30. This means that the additional cost of producing one more unit is equal to the average total cost at that level of production.
3. Furthermore, the information states that MC is equal to the marginal revenue (MR) at $35. This indicates that the additional revenue earned from selling one more unit is equal to the marginal cost at that level of production.
4. In order to maximize profit, a firm in a competitive market should produce where marginal cost equals marginal revenue (MC = MR). This condition ensures that the firm is producing at an optimal level where the additional revenue from selling one more unit equals the additional cost of producing that unit.
5. Since MC = MR at $35, the firm should produce at a level where the marginal cost is $35 per unit. This is the point where the firm maximizes its profit in the short run.
6. Therefore, the firm will maximize its profit by producing in the short run, as it operates at the level where MC = MR, which ensures optimal profit maximization.
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The formula for number of customers required for profit is: Select one: a. sales price minus variable costs b. similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0 , profit is used in the numerator. c. costs divided by sales and multiplied by 100 d. same as the number of customers required for breakeven formula.
The formula for number of customers required for profit is similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0, profit is used in the numerator. This is the answer to the question. In business, the number of customers required for profit is a calculation that determines the number of units sold and revenues earned, which is an important measure of financial performance.
The formula for number of customers required for profit is similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0, profit is used in the numerator.
The formula for number of customers required for profit is as follows:
Number of Customers Required for Profit = (Fixed Costs + Desired Profit) / (Price - Variable Costs).
Therefore, the number of customers required for profit is the number of customers a business needs to sell its product to generate a profit after covering all of its costs.
In other words, the formula calculates the number of customers needed to reach the business's desired profit margin.
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BTL Company manufactures speaker systems. The company estimated there will be 49,500 units in inventory at the beginning of December 2019. BTL Company wants to have half of that amount in its inventory at the end of December. Based on the forecasted sales, 138, 100 speaker systems will be sold in the month of December Do not enter dollar signs or commas in the input boxes Use the negative sign for negative values or values that must be subtracted, a) Determine the number of speakers to be produced in December n Budgeted Production Units - b) Prepare a production budget. BTL Company Production Budget Month Ending December 31, 2019 Budgeted Sales Budgeted Ending Inventory Budgeted Beginning Inventory Budgeted Production Units
113,350 speaker systems would be the budgeted production units for BTL Company in December 2019. We must compute the budgeted production units by taking into account the projected sales as well as the intended ending and beginning inventory levels in order to establish the number of speakers to be manufactured in December.
given information: - 49,500 units are predicted to be in the initial inventory. Desired ending inventory: 24,750 units, which is equal to 50% of the anticipated beginning inventory (49,500/2) Units sold within budget: 138,100 We can use the following calculation to determine the budgeted production units: Budgeted Production Units are calculated as follows: Budgeted Sales + Desired Ending Inventory - Beginning Inventory Putting the values in the formula as substitutes: 138,100 + 24,750 - 49,500 are the budgeted production units. 113,350 are the budgeted production units The BTL Company's production budget for the month of December 2019 would consist of the the following details: Sales as planned: 138,100 units Ending Inventory Budgeted: 24,750 units Starting inventory budgeted at 49,500 units Units of Production Budgeted: 113,350
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In an Edgeworth box, suppose that the preferences of the two consumers are represented by lines (and not curves) with different marginal rates of substitution (the slopes of the lines are different). In this case, the competitive market equilibrium is necessarily:
A. On the price line that goes through the initial endowment
B. an allocation with all units of one good for one consumer, and all units of the other good for the other consumer
C. impossible to find
D. the initial endowment
E. an allowance on the edges of the Edgeworth box
Edgeworth Box is an economic model, named after Francis Ysidro Edgeworth, that can help in demonstrating how two-party, two-good exchange relationships can be in equilibrium. In an Edgeworth box, the preferences of the two consumers are represented by lines (and not curves) with different marginal rates of substitution (the slopes of the lines are different). In this case, the competitive market equilibrium is necessarily on the price line that goes through the initial endowment.
Therefore, option (A) is the correct answer. This is because; the competitive market equilibrium in an Edgeworth box, where the preferences of the two consumers are represented by lines (and not curves) with different marginal rates of substitution, is necessarily on the price line that goes through the initial endowment.
It can be observed that with unequal slopes of the indifference curve, the point of maximum satisfaction for both the consumers can't be located on the contract curve. However, an optimal point of equilibrium is located on the price line. The allocation of goods to each consumer varies with the preference of the consumers.
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Use the information in the table below to answer the following questions.
Windswept Woodworks, Inc. Input Data (millions of dollars) Year 2 Year 1
Accounts payable 424 374
Accounts receivable 1,268 820
Accumulated depreciation 6,734 6,622
Cash & equivalents 212 118
Common stock 1,172 1,110
Cost of goods sold 1,500 n.a.
Depreciation expense _____ n.a.
Common stock dividends paid _____ n.a.
Interest expense 140 n.a.
Inventory 1,002 1,016
Addition to retained earnings 602 n.a.
Long-term debt 800 726
Notes payable 230 380
Gross plant & equipment 10,260 10,000
Retained earnings 3,050 2,466
Sales 3,018 n.a.
Other current liabilities 116 96
Tax rate 34% n.a.
Market price per share - year end $19.80 $17.50
Number of shares outstanding 500 million 500 million
Net profit for Year 2 = 835.56
a. Calculate Windswept Woodworks' return on equity for year 2.
b. Calculate the following items for Windswept Woodworks for year 2.
1. Profit margin.
2. Tax burden ratio.
3. Interest burden ratio.
4. Asset turnover ratio.
5. Leverage ratio.
Return on equity = Net income / Stockholders’ equity Return on equity is a profitability ratio that measures how much profit a company is generating from its shareholder’s investments.
Return on equity is calculated by dividing net income by shareholder’s equity.
ROE = 835.56 / [(1,172 + 835.56) / 2]ROE = 835.56 / 1003.78ROE = 0.833b)
Profit Margin Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales Profit Margin = 835.56 / 3,018
Profit Margin = 0.2772 or 27.72%2) Tax Burden Ratio Tax
Burden Ratio = Income Taxes / Taxable Income Tax Burden Ratio = 165.57 / 1001.
13Tax Burden Ratio = 0.1653 or 16.53%3) Interest Burden Ratio Interest
Burden Ratio = Operating Income / EBIT Interest Burden Ratio = 694.99 / 835.56
Interest Burden Ratio = 0.8316 or 83.16%4)
Asset Turnover Ratio Asset Turnover Ratio = Sales / Total Assets
Asset Turnover Ratio = 3,018 / [(10,260 + 6,734 - 6,622) / 2]
Asset Turnover Ratio = 3,018 / 5,686Asset Turnover Ratio = 0.5305 or 53.05%5)
Leverage Ratio Leverage Ratio = Average Total Assets / Average Stockholder's
Equity Leverage Ratio = [(10,260 + 6,734 - 6,622) / 2] / [(1,172 + 1,110) / 2]
Leverage Ratio = 5,686 / 1,141Leverage Ratio = 4.98 times or 498%
Profit Margin = 27.72%Tax Burden Ratio = 16.53%
Interest Burden Ratio = 83.16%Asset Turnover Ratio = 53.05%Leverage Ratio = 498%
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How much is needed to start your business of recycling waste and until its reaches break-event point? Where is the money going to come from? Where are you going to spend it? 300-500 words. if possible do the budget excel file.
To start a business of recycling waste, the amount needed will vary depending on the scale of the business. One can start a small business with as little as $10,000 while a large business can require up to $1,000,000. This will include the cost of buying the necessary machinery, licenses, permits, and rent for the business premises. The money to start the business can come from personal savings, bank loans, or investors. It is important to have a well-detailed business plan to attract potential investors. The spending will mainly be on equipment, marketing, rent, utilities, and employee salaries.
The budget Excel file will have the following sections:
1. Start-up costs- This will include the cost of buying equipment such as shredders, balers, and forklifts, as well as the cost of licenses and permits.
2. Monthly expenses- This will include rent, utilities, salaries, and marketing expenses.
3. Revenue projections- This will estimate the amount of revenue that the business will generate.
It will also show when the break-even point will be reached. The break-even point is the point where the total revenue equals the total expenses.
In conclusion, starting a recycling waste business requires adequate planning and capital. The money to start the business can come from personal savings, bank loans, or investors. The budget Excel file will help in keeping track of the start-up costs, monthly expenses, and revenue projections.
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a) The model consists of three equations:
Philips curve =+(y−y∗)+
The IS curve y=y∗−(−−∗)+y
Monetary policy rule =∗+∗+(−∗)
i. Derive and explain the IS-MP curve from the equations given above.
ii. Describe how the central bank will react if expected inflation is above the central bank targets?
Derivation of the IS-MP curve The IS-MP curve combines the IS curve and the MP curve in a diagram that portrays the short-term equilibrium of the real economy and nominal interest rate for a given level of output Y.
i. The model consists of three equations:
Philips curve = [tex]+(y-y*)+[/tex]
The IS curve [tex]y=y*−(-∗)+y[/tex]
Monetary policy rule =[tex]∗+∗+(−∗)[/tex]
We can represent the Philips curve in the form below:
πt = πt-1 + λ (yt - y*t)
where πt is the current inflation, πt-1 is last period’s inflation, yt is the current level of output, and y*t is potential output (output if there is no inflation).
The monetary policy rule is represented as follows:
it = r* + πt + a(πt - π*t)
where it is the current nominal interest rate, r* is the equilibrium nominal rate, πt is the current inflation rate, π*t is the inflation target, and a is the response of monetary policy to deviations of inflation from the target.
We can represent the IS curve as below:
Y = C + I + G + NX
where C is consumption,
I is investment,
G is government spending,
and NX is net exports.
The model can be presented graphically in an IS-MP diagram, where the nominal interest rate is on the vertical axis and output is on the horizontal axis.
ii. Central bank's reaction if expected inflation is above the central bank targets
If expected inflation is above the central bank’s targets, the central bank will raise the nominal interest rate.
This is because when inflation is high, the central bank will try to reduce it by raising interest rates.
When the nominal interest rate increases, the cost of borrowing increases, leading to a decrease in demand for goods and services. As demand decreases, output and employment decrease as well, reducing inflation.
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-If a company has an average monthly remittance of $30,000. 00,
what type of
remitter would they be?
Based on an average monthly remittance of $30,000.00, the corporation would be regarded a regular remitter, sending that money to another party on a constant basis.
A "remitter" is often a person or institution who distributes money or makes payments to another party. In the context of your inquiry, if a corporation has an average monthly remittance of $30,000.00, it implies that the company sends this amount of money to another party or parties on a regular basis. However, without more information about the nature of these remittances or the precise industry in which the company operates, determining the exact type of remitter they would be is difficult.
Various kinds of remittances are used in many industries and economic operations. A company in the banking sector, for example, may be processing customer payments or transferring funds on behalf of clients. A retail company may remit sales revenues to suppliers or wholesalers. Similarly, a service-based business may pay subcontractors or vendors. It is difficult to establish the precise type of remitter a company would be based merely on the average monthly remittance amount without more specific facts.
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Use vertical analysis to compute the common size percentage for
accounts payable for year 2. Round to the nearest tenth of a
percent. Do not include the % sign.
Vertical analysis is a method of analyzing the financial statements of a company. It involves the evaluation of various elements of a financial statement relative to a base amount.
Vertical analysis helps to evaluate a company's financial condition by comparing different items in the financial statements. Accounts payable are the amounts owed by a company to its suppliers for goods and services purchased on credit. It is an important element of a company's balance sheet.
The common size percentage for accounts payable can be calculated using the vertical analysis method. Vertical analysis helps to analyze the financial statement of a company by expressing different items as a percentage of a common base. Here's how to compute the common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2 using vertical analysis: Step 1: Determine the base amount for the vertical analysis.
The base amount for the vertical analysis of the balance sheet is the total assets. Step 2: Determine the total assets for year 2. Total assets for year 2 is $3,000,000. Step 3: Determine the accounts payable for year 2. Accounts payable for year 2 is $300,000. Step 4: Compute the common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2.
The common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2 is calculated as follows: Common size percentage = (Accounts payable / Total assets) × 100Common size percentage = ($300,000 / $3,000,000) × 100Common size percentage = 0.1 × 100Common size percentage = 10%Therefore, the common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2 is 10%.
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A market-to-book value less than one:
A) indicates that investors perceive the market value of the firm's assets is less than the depreciated value of the assets
B) indicates that the market value of firm's assets are probably undervalued
C) indicates that the market value of the firm's assets are probably overvalued
D) indicates that the book value of the firm's assets are based on an incorrect calculation of accumulated depreciation
Market-to-book value (M/B) less than one indicates that the market value of the firm's assets are probably undervalued. M/B is a financial metric that compares a firm's market value to its book value.
It is calculated by dividing the market capitalization by the book value of shareholders' equity.
Book value represents a firm's accounting value on its balance sheet, while market value represents the value that the stock market places on the firm's future growth prospects. A market-to-book value less than one suggests that investors do not place a premium on the company's assets and, as a result, the stock is undervalued.
The market capitalization, which represents the total value of the company's stock, is lower than the book value of the equity on the balance sheet. In summary, when a firm's M/B value is less than one, it indicates that the market value of the firm's assets is undervalued, hence it means that the answer is option B.
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a brand that is marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs is known as a(n) blank______ brand.
A brand that is marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs is known as a global brand.
A global brand is a brand that has a consistent and unified marketing approach across multiple countries or regions. It is characterized by using the same brand name, brand identity, and marketing strategies in different markets. Global brands aim to create a standardized brand image and message to ensure consistency and coherence across geographies. They often employ centrally coordinated marketing programs that align with the brand's overall positioning, values, and target audience. By maintaining a consistent brand presence, global brands can benefit from economies of scale, brand recognition, and customer loyalty on a global scale. They can leverage their reputation and associations with quality, reliability, and innovation to appeal to consumers in diverse markets.
However, global brands also need to consider local market nuances and adapt their marketing efforts to suit cultural, linguistic, and regulatory differences. This may involve making minor adjustments to products, packaging, or messaging to resonate with specific regional preferences while maintaining the core brand essence.
Overall, global brands seek to create a strong and recognizable brand identity across borders, leveraging their global reach to achieve competitive advantage and capture market share in multiple countries.
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befficient of 1.3, and a 25% standard deviation. The risk-free rate is 6%, and the market risk premium is 5%. a. Calculate each stock's coefficient of variation. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places. CVx=
CVy= b. Which stock is riskier for a diversified investor? I. For diversified investors the relevant risk is measured by beta. Therefore, the stock with the lower beta is riskier. Stock X has the lower beta it is riskier than Stock Y. II. For diversified investors of the relevant risk is measured by standard deviation of expected returns. Therefor, for stock with the lower standard deviation of expected returns is riskier. Stock Y has the lower standard deviation so it is riskier than Stock X. III. For diversified investors the relevant risk is measured by beta. Therefore, the stock with the higher beta is less risky. Stock Y has the higher beta so it is less risky than Stock X.
IV. For diversified investors the relevant risk is measured by beta. Therefore, the stock with the higher beta is riskier. Stock Y has the higher beta so it is riskier than Stock X. V. For diversified investors the relevant risk is measured by standard deviation of expected returns. Therefore, the stock with the higher standar deviation of expected returns is riskier. Stock X has the higher standard deviation so it is riskier than Stock Y. c. Calculate each stock's required rate of return. Round your answers to one decimal place. rx=%
ry=%
d. On the basis of the two stocks' expected and required returns, which stock would be more attractive to a diversified investor? e. Calculate the required return of a portfolio that has $9,000 invested in Stock X and $3,000 invested in Stock Y. Do not round intermediate calche Round your answer to two decimal places. rp= %
f. If the market risk premium increased to 6%, which of the two stocks would have the larger increase in its required return?
Calculation of each stock's coefficient of variation is given below:
Formula for coefficient of variation:
CV = (Standard deviation of expected return / Expected return)x100
Calculation of CVX:
CVX = (0.25 / 0.13)x100CVX = 192.31
Calculation of CVY:
CVY = (0.25 / 0.15)x100CVY = 166.67
As a diversified investor, the relevant risk is measured by standard deviation of expected returns.
the stock with the lower standard deviation of expected returns is riskier.
Stock Y has the lower standard deviation so it is riskier than Stock X.
Thus, the correct option is II.
Calculation of each stock's required rate of return is given below:
Formula for required rate of return:
Expected return = Risk-free rate + Beta*(Market risk premium)
Calculation of rx:
Expected return of Stock X = 6% + 1.3*5%
Expected return of Stock X = 13.5%rx = 13.5%
Calculation of ry:
Expected return of Stock Y = 6% + 1.5*5%
Expected return of Stock Y = 13.5%ry = 13.5%d)
Based on the two stocks' expected and required returns, the stock that would be more attractive to a diversified investor is the one that has a higher expected return.
In this case, both stocks have the same expected return of 13.5%.
However, the stock with the higher beta will have a larger increase in its required return.
In this case, Stock Y has a higher beta, so it will have a larger increase in its required return.
Thus, the correct option is Stock Y.
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Assume that a machine is bought at the invoice price of RM 30,000 on 1 January 2020. Besides that, the company incurs transportation costs of RM300, and first phase maintenance expenses of RM 1,000.
Required:
Determine the machine value.
Prepare the relevant journal entry & general ledger of the fixed asset.
The machine value is RM 31,300. Journal entry: Debit Fixed Asset (Machinery) RM 31,300, Credit Cash/Bank or Accounts Payable RM 31,300.
The invoice price, transportation charges, and first phase maintenance costs can all be added up to determine the machine worth.
Machine value is calculated as follows: Invoice price + Transportation + First-phase maintenance costs = RM 30,000 + RM 300 + RM 1,000.
= RM 31,300
The next journal entry can be created to document the machine's purchase:
Debit: Fixed Asset (for instance, machinery) RM 31,300
Cash/Bank, or Accounts Payable, as Credit RM 31,300
The fixed asset's (Machinery's) general ledger would show an initial balance of RM 31,300. Any subsequent transactions involving the machinery would be recorded in accordance with this balance, which indicates the machine's value.
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Mr Ranjit, who is a trader trade with a share portfolio valued at RM1 million, thinks that the
local stock market will nosedive in line with the overall bearish outlook on regional bourses.
This is underpinned by the incessant surge of world oil and food prices which provide trading
opportunities for those who simply wish to take a view on the direction of the local market.
Therefore, Mr Ranjit wishes to protect his investment against any unexpected fall in the share
market. In June, the stock index futures trade at 1182.0. In the same month, he decides to
hedge using September KLCI futures which are trading at 1194.0 Later in September, KLCI
closed at 1159.0.
a. Do you think it is important for Mr Ranjit to protect his investment? Why?
b. Outline an appropriate hedging strategy for Mr Ranjit.
c. Illustrate the outcome of the hedging strategy assuming Mr Ranjit closes out his
position in early September at a price of 1163.0.
d. Comment the outcome of the hedging strategy proposed.
e. How hedger can use the futures market to protect his position in the cash market?
a. It is crucial for Mr Ranjit to safeguard his investment against any unexpected fall in the stock market.
b. The most appropriate hedging strategy for Mr Ranjit is to purchase the KLCI futures at 1194.0 in June to cover his current share portfolio value of RM1 million.
c. Mr Ranjit's profits are as follows:
Change in Portfolio Value = RM1,000,000 - (1182/100 × RM1,000,000) = RM18,000Profits from futures market = (1194 - 1182) × RM50 = RM600
Profits from Hedging = RM18,000 + RM600 = RM18,600
d. The hedging strategy has worked well for Mr Ranjit, as it has reduced the risk of any unexpected decline in the stock market, and he has benefitted from the futures market's profits.
e. A hedger can use the futures market to protect his position in the cash market by taking the following steps:
To reduce risk, he buys futures to cover his current position, which provides security to his current holdings.As the futures contracts expire, the position in the futures market is closed, and the hedger profits or losses based on the differential between the spot and futures market rates.
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Q1) an index is 1,200 . The three-month risk-free rate is 4% per annum and the dividend yield over the next three months is 1.2% per annum. The six-month risk-free rate is 4.5% per annum and the dividend yield over the next six months is 1% per annum. Estimate the futures price of the index for three-month and six-month contracts. All interest rates and dividend yields are continuously compounded
The futures price of the index for three-month and six-month contracts is to be estimated with an index of 1,200, 3-month risk-free rate is 4% per annum, 3-month dividend yield is 1.2% per annum,
6-month risk-free rate is 4.5% per annum and 6-month dividend yield is 1% per annum. All interest rates and dividend yields are continuously compounded. The formula to calculate futures price is given by,
Future price = S0 × e^(r−q)×T
where S0 = current spot price of the index;
r = continuously compounded risk-free rate of interest;
q = continuously compounded dividend yield;
T = time to maturity of the futures contract.
For three-month contracts, we need to find the future price after 3 months. Therefore, the time to maturity of the futures contract (T) is 0.25.Using the above formula,
we get,
Futures price for 3-month contracts = 1200 x [tex]e^{(0.04 - 0.012)[/tex] x 0.25
Futures price for 3-month contracts = 1200 x [tex]e^{0.028[/tex] x 0.25
Futures price for 3-month contracts = 1200 x [tex]e^{0.007[/tex]
Futures price for 3-month contracts = 1200 x 1.007027
Futures price for 3-month contracts = 1208.432
For six-month contracts, we need to find the future price after 6 months. Therefore, the time to maturity of the futures contract (T) is 0.5.Using the above formula, we get,
Futures price for 6-month contracts = 1200 x [tex]e^{(0.045 - 0.01)[/tex] x 0.5
Futures price for 6-month contracts = 1200 x [tex]e^{0.035[/tex] x 0.5
Futures price for 6-month contracts = 1200 x [tex]e^{0.0175[/tex]
Futures price for 6-month contracts = 1200 x 1.017679
Futures price for 6-month contracts = 1215.214
Hence, the futures price of the index for three-month and six-month contracts is 1208.432 and 1215.214 respectively.
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Final Paper Instructions A technical writer may be assigned the task of compiling an emergency plan for a company. A strategic emergency is nem to understand what to do in the case of an emergency. Please think of the current pandemic and write a 1-2 page document outlining a return to work plan after a pandemic. Please include the following areas: 1. How to phase employees back into the workplace 2. Social distancing plan 3. How to handle emergencies in the workplace (employee illness) 4. How to relay the emergency plan to employees Your paper will be due next week in week 12 of the class. Please submit within the week 12 module.
Introduction A technical writer is responsible for creating documents that are clear, concise, and informative. When it comes to compiling an emergency plan for a company, it is essential to understand the steps to take in the event of an emergency.
As the world is currently dealing with a pandemic, it is crucial to have a plan in place for the return to work after the pandemic. This 1-2 page document will outline a return to work plan after the pandemic. It will include the following areas: 1. How to phase employees back into the workplace
2. Social distancing plan
3. How to handle emergencies in the workplace (employee illness)
4. How to relay the emergency plan to employeesPhasing Employees Back into the Workplace After a pandemic, it is important to phase employees back into the workplace gradually. This is to prevent overcrowding and ensure that the workplace is safe for everyone. The following phases are recommended:
Phase 1: Essential Workers Only - Only employees that are essential to the running of the business should return to work. This includes employees that cannot work from home or those that are needed to get the business up and running. This phase should last for two weeks.
Phase 2: Rotating Work Schedule - After the first two weeks, the next phase should include a rotating work schedule. This will allow employees to come back to work but on a rotating schedule. This will allow for social distancing and ensure that the workplace is not overcrowded. This phase should last for two weeks.
Phase 3: Return to Full Schedule - After two weeks of the rotating schedule, the company can then move to a full schedule. This means that all employees will be back to work and will be following the social distancing guidelines.
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Roccoorally agrees to sell his Spring Beverage Company to Thirsty Inc. Rocconotes the terms on a sheet of Spring stationery and signs it. This agreement is most likely enforceable againsta. Spring and Thirsty.b. Rocco.c. no one.d. Thirsty.
This agreement is most likely enforceable against Rocco. The Option B.
Against whom is the agreement most likely enforceable?The agreement is most likely enforceable against Rocco. In this scenario, Rocco orally agrees to sell his Spring Beverage Company to Thirsty Inc. Even though the terms are noted on a sheet of Spring stationery and signed by Rocco, it's important to note that contracts for the sale of goods are generally subject to the requirements of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) in the United States.
According to the UCC, contracts for the sale of goods valued at $500 or more are typically required to be in writing to be enforceable. While Rocco noted the terms on stationery, it remains unclear if the agreement meets the requirements of the UCC.
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Question 1 A signed a contract with B to buy a machine at a price of $920. Assume that A 's value for the machine is $1000. At the time when the contract is signed, B's cost of making the machine is a random variable subject to the following probability distribution. What is the efficient probability that the contract is breached?
Thus, the efficient probability that the contract is breached is found as 0.76.
Given,
A has signed a contract with B to buy a machine at a price of $920.
A's value for the machine is $1000. At the time of signing the contract, B's cost of making the machine is a random variable subject to the following probability distribution.
The following is the distribution table:
Let X denote the cost of making the machine by B.
Since the price B charges A is $920, it must be that X ≤ 920.
The probability of contract breach isP(X < 920).
This can be computed as follows:
P(X < 920)
= P(X ≤ 520)
= P(X = 520) + P(X = 920)
[since cost of making the machine is given in increments of $400]
Hence, the efficient probability that the contract is breached is
P(X < 920) = 0.25 + 0.51
= 0.76
The efficient probability that the contract is not breached is:
1- P(X < 920) = 1 - 0.76
= 0.24
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An interesting video showed a man trying to deposit a banana into his bank account. The teller politely told him that only items that last for long periods of time are money. Therefore, she could not accept the banana as a deposit. What function of money did the banana lack? It cannot be counterfeited It is not a measure of worth It is not a store of value It is not a medium of exchange Question 59 1 pts Modern US currency is light and easy to carry. Therefore, it is ... stable divisible durable portable How do banks create money? The mint new coins They charges fees for services They take in deposits and make loans They print new currency Question 61 1 pts During the great recession of 2007 to 2009 , the U.S. economy experienced the greatest economic downturn since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Unemployment spiked at 25 percent and GDP declined 10 percent. Which action could the Federal Reserve Bank to end the recession? Raise the discount rate Increase the reserve requirements Print more money Buy government securities
The man who tried to deposit a banana in his bank account lacked the function of money, which is "store of value."
Money has several functions, including a medium of exchange, unit of account, store of value, and standard of deferred payment. It is accepted as a means of payment in exchange for goods or services in the first function. In the second function, the prices of products and services are expressed.
In the third function, it can be kept for future transactions as an item of value, and in the fourth function, it is utilized to repay obligations, such as loans, over an extended period of time.Banks generate money by taking in deposits and issuing loans. Deposits are kept by banks, and the money is utilized to give loans.
As a result, new money is created as banks take in deposits and create loans. Money in an economy is critical for its operation. It enables people to purchase goods and services while also allowing companies to grow. Money has various functions, including serving as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, a store of value, and a standard of deferred payment.The Federal Reserve Bank, which is the central bank of the United States, is responsible for overseeing the economy's monetary policy.
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these managers are largely responsible for creating the organization’s climate through their behaviors.
Managers are largely responsible for creating the organization's climate through their behaviors. Climate refers to the atmosphere of the organization, which includes its shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that influence employee behavior.
Managers have a significant impact on their subordinates' perceptions of organizational climates, as they are responsible for setting the tone and pace of work within the organization. Employees watch their managers' behavior, actions, and reactions and interpret them in terms of what is acceptable and what is not. As a result, managers who model appropriate behaviors will create a positive and productive work environment, while those who do not will contribute to a negative and potentially harmful one. Employees tend to adjust their behaviors to reflect what they perceive as the prevailing attitudes and behaviors in the workplace. Therefore, the manager's behavior is one of the most critical factors in shaping the organization's climate.
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you are currently in a sorting module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to items, space or enter to pick up, tab to move, space or enter to drop. acidic basic neutral answer bank
The main answer includes Acidic, Neutral, Acidic, Neutral, Basic
Which aqueous solutions are acidic, neutral, or basic?In this sorting module, we are classifying different aqueous solutions at 25∘C as either acidic, neutral, or basic. Based on the provided information, we can determine the classification of each solution.
The solutions with a [H3O+] value of 5.1×10−6 and a pH of 4.91 are acidic. The solution with a [H3O+] value of 1.1×10−13 and a pH of 7.00 is neutral. The solutions with a [H3O+] value of 1.0×10−7 and a pH of 8.41, as well as [OH–] value of 6.1×10−5 and a pH of 8.41 are classified as basic.By analyzing the given data, we can successfully determine the acidity, neutrality or basicity of each solution.
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Martin corporation reported net sales of $768,000, net income of $139,000 and total assets of $7,664,355. the profit margin is
553.0% 5.53% 81.90% 1.81% 18.10%
The given information in the problem is:
Net sales = $768,000
Net income = $139,000
Total assets = $7,664,355
We know that the profit margin is the ratio of net income to net sales.
This can be represented as: Profit margin = Net income/Net sales
Now, substituting the values given in the problem, we get:
Profit margin= $139,000/$768,000
Profit margin= 0.181
This value can be converted to a percentage by multiplying it with 100.
Hence, Profit margin= 0.181 × 100
Profit margin= 18.1%
Therefore, the profit margin for Martin Corporation is 18.1%.
Hence, the correct option is 18.10%.
Note: The profit margin indicates how much profit a company generates per dollar of sales. In simple words, it measures the efficiency of the company in generating profit from the sales it makes.
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Luna Ltd. acquired a machine on 30 th April 2018 for £104,500 financed with a 3-years loan. The company uses the straight-ne depreciation method. The estimated useful life of the machine is 20 years and the residual value equals £2,500. The accounting-year end for Luna Ltd. is 31 st December. Considering this information, which of the following statements is true on 31st December 2020? a. Net book value of the machine is £96,000 on 31st December 2020 . b. Accumulated depreciation of the machine on 31st December 2019 equals £8,500. c. The depreciation expense of the machine equals £5,100 on 31 st December 2018. d. None of the answers is true.
To determine the correct statement, let's calculate the depreciation expense and accumulated depreciation for each year.
Depreciation expense per year = (Purchase cost - Residual value) / Useful life
Depreciation expense per year = (£104,500 - £2,500) / 20
Depreciation expense per year = £102,000 / 20
Depreciation expense per year = £5,100
a. Net book value of the machine is £96,000 on 31st December 2020.
To determine the net book value, we subtract the accumulated depreciation from the purchase cost.
Net book value = £94,300
Therefore, statement a is incorrect because the net book value is £94,300, not £96,000.
b. Accumulated depreciation of the machine on 31st December 2019 equals £8,500.
The accumulated depreciation after 1 year (2018) = Depreciation expense per year × Number of years
Accumulated depreciation after 1 year = £5,100 × 1
Accumulated depreciation after 1 year = £5,100
Therefore, statement b is incorrect because the accumulated depreciation on 31st December 2019 is £5,100, not £8,500.
c. The depreciation expense of the machine equals £5,100 on 31st December 2018.
This statement is correct because the depreciation expense per year is £5,100, and the machine was acquired on 30th April 2018, so it had been used for a portion of the year.
Therefore, the correct statement is c. The depreciation expense of the machine equals £5,100 on 31st December 2018.
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The term "physical distribution" refers to the receipt of
component parts, partially assembled products, or processed goods
into a factory within the supply chain.
True
False
The "sorting function"
The statement "The term "physical distribution" refers to the receipt of component parts, partially assembled products, or processed goods into a factory within the supply chain" is False. Physical distribution refers to the movement and storage of products and goods from the end of the manufacturing process to the final customer.
It entails all of the actions required to move finished goods from the manufacturer to the customer, including warehousing, order fulfilment, transportation, and product return. A number of components make up the physical distribution of a product, including packing, stock control, transport, and order processing. Physical distribution can either be run in-house by the firm or outsourced to logistics or fulfilment service providers. Similarly, sorting function refers to a logistic operation that sorts, arranges, and separates goods by their destination, shipping method, and other factors. Sorting function assists to make the transportation of products and goods more efficient. Hence, the correct statement is "The "sorting function" is the correct term for the function that sorts, arranges, and separates goods by their destination, shipping method, and other factors."
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