The empirical formula of a compound is C₂H₅O.
Take 100 grams of compound:
1) ω(C) = 53.31% ÷ 100% = 0.5331
m(C) = ω(C) × m(compound).
m(C) = 0.5331 × 100 g.
m(C) = 53.31 g.
n(C) = m(C) ÷ M(C).
n(C) = 53.31 g ÷ 12 g/mol.
n(C) = 4.44 mol; amount of carbon
2) ω(H) = 11.18 % ÷ 100% = 0.1118
m(H) = 0.1118 × 100 g.
m(H) = 11.18 g.
n(H) = 11.18 g ÷ 1 g/mol.
n(H) = 11.18 mol; amount of hydrogen
3) ω(O) = 35.51 % ÷ 100%.
ω(O) = 0.3551
m(O) = 0.3551 × 100 g
m(O) = 35.51 g.
n(O) = 35.51 g ÷ 16 g/mol.
n(O) = 2.22 mol.
4) n(C) : n(H) : n(O) = 4.44 mol : 11.18 mol : 2.22 mol /2.22 mol.
n(C) : n(H) : n(O) = 2 : 5.03 : 1
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Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig were trying to solve the problem of seeing atoms directly. List the criteria and constraints of the problem they were trying to solve.
Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning were trying to solve the problem of seeing atoms directly. The criteria and constraints of the problem they were trying to solve are given below :
The scanning tunneling microscope is the method used to see the atoms, was developed by Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning.
Criteria : Criteria is defined as the requirements we need to solve the problem. The standard needed to create successful solution. Criteria is specific outcome for a problem.
STM should be of metal.
STM works on the top of tip.
It works by scanning sharp metal. Bringing the tip very close to surface.
Applying electric voltage to tip .
Constraints: constraints is defined as the limits based on resources and environment. It has the conditions the problem must satisfy.
Does not require other than sharp tip.
It is limited by wavelength of light.
Thus, Heinrich Rocher and Gerd Binning were trying to solve the problem of seeing atoms directly. The criteria and constraints of the problem they were trying to solve are discussed above.
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160 cm³ of ethyl alcohol has a mass of 126.4 grams. What is the density of this alcohol?
1.27 g/cm³
1.8 g/cm³
1.0 g/cm³
0.79 g/cm³
Answer: 1.27 g/cm3
Explanation:
160cm3/126.4 grams
A pure titanium cube has an edge length of 2.71 inin . how many titanium atoms does it contain? titanium has a density of 4.50g/cm34.50g/cm3.
The number of Ti atoms will be 1.9×10^25 atoms of Ti
The contribution of atom per unit cell is 2( BCC)
Edge length of unit cell is given as 2.7 ×1 inch
we will convert it in cm so it becomes 6.93 cm
we have to calculate number of Ti atoms .we have to calculate number of Ti atoms .
Density of Ti is given as 4.50g/cm³
volume of unit cell= a³
(6.93)³= 340.68 cm³
Volume of unit cell will be 340.68cm³
we can calculate mass of unit cell
density=mass/volume
4.5= mass/ 340.68
mass= 1530
no of moles can be calculated as mass/molar mass
=32.02 moles
No of atom contained by 1 mole will be
32.02 × 6.022 × 10²³
=1.92 ×10^25
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There will be 1.92× 10²⁵ Ti atoms in the final product . It is a BCC type of unit cell and by using edge length and density of the cube, the number of titanium atoms in the unit cells can be calculated.
Two atoms contribute to each unit cell ( BCC)
The unit cell's edge length is specified as 2.7 1 inch.
We'll convert it to centimeters, making it 6.93 cm.
We must determine the quantity of Ti atoms
Ti has a density of 4.50g/cm3.
cell volume equals a³
(6.93)³= 340.68 cm³
The unit cell's volume will be 340.68 cm³
We can determine a unit cell's mass.
density=mass/volume
4.5= mass/ 340.68
mass= 1530
Mass/molar mass can be used to compute the number of moles.
=32.02 moles
The number of atoms in 1 mole will be
32.02 × 6.022 × 10²³
=1.92 ×10²⁵
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Consider a gas cylinder containing 0.100 moles of an ideal gas in a volume of 3.300 L with a pressure of 1.00 atm. The cylinder is surrounded by a constant temperature bath at 400.0 K. With a constant external pressure of 5.00 atm, the cylinder is compressed to 0.660 L.
Calculate the q(gas) in J for this compression process.
The heat energy of the system is determined as -267.5 J.
What is the work done in compressing the gas?
Compression of a gas occurs in an isothermal process.
The work done by the gas is determined from the product of external pressure and change in volume of the gas.
The work done in compressing the gas is calculated as follows;
w = -PΔV
w = -P(V₂ - V₁)
w = P(V₁ - V₂)
w = 1 atm(3.3 L - 0.66 L)
w = 2.64 atm.L
1 atm.L = 101.325 J
2.64 atm.L = ?
= 267.5 J
Heat energy of the gasThe heat energy of the system is negative work done and it will be calculated as follows;
q = -w
q = -267.5 J
Thus, the heat energy of the system is determined as -267.5 J.
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What is the net force and direction of the block?
Answer:
We know that the forces are added if they are in the same direction and they are subtracted if they are in opposite directions. So, the net force = 10 N (North) + 10 N (North) = 20 N (North) and 8 N (West) - 8 N (East) = 0. Therefore the net force on the block is 20 N in the North direction
When acetanilide is mixed with an inorganic compound such as sand, what happens to the melting point of the sample?
When acetanilide is combined with an inorganic compound like sand, the melting point of the sample remains constant. Because acetanilide has a melting point of 114.3° Celsius, the melting point after mixing the inorganic compound will be the same as before crystallization.
What is Acetanilide?
Acetanilide is a colorless, odorless solid chemical that resembles a leaf or flake. N-phenylacetamide, acetanil, and acetanilid are other names for it.
Acetanilide is used to stabilize cellulose ester varnishes and as a hydrogen peroxide decomposition inhibitor. It has also been used as an intermediator in the synthesis of rubber accelerators, dyes and dye intermediates, and camphor. Acetanilide is used to make 4-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl chloride, a key intermediate in the production of sulfa drugs.
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Analyze the structure of 4‑sec‑butyl-5-ethyl-3-methyloctane. Identify the number of ethyl and methyl groups in the compound. Note that these groups are not necessarily confined to those specifically mentioned in the name.
One methyl group and one ethyl group.
What is a compound?
A compound can be obtained by a combination of atoms. We know that an organic compound would have a parent chain which is the longest straight chain of carbon atoms. There are normally side chains that could be attached to the longest chain.
We can see the compound that we are analyzing to be 4‑sec‑butyl-5-ethyl-3-methyloctane. The image of the compound is found in the image attached to this answer.
We can see that there is one methyl group and one ethyl group.
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Which would you expect to be the stronger nucleophile in a polar aprotic solvent?
In a polar aprotic solvent:
(a) [tex]CH_{3} O^{-}[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]CH_{3} CO_{2} ^{-}[/tex]
(b) [tex]H_{2} O[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]H_{2} S[/tex]
(c) [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} N[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} P[/tex].
The nucleophiles have more mobility in solution because polar aprotic solvents do not significantly hydrogen bind to them. In these circumstances, nucleophilicity and basicity have a strong correlation.
(a) The negative charge in [tex]CH_{3} CO_{2} ^{-}[/tex] is in resonance with carboxylic group so [tex]CH_{3} O^{-}[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]CH_{3} CO_{2} ^{-}[/tex].
The strength of a nucleophile grows along the periodic table in polar protic liquids. On the other hand, the strength diminishes down the periodic table in polar aprotic solvents.
(b) Sulphur atom is placed below Oxygen atom in periodic table as elements are placed on the basis of their atomic number in the periodic table so [tex]H_{2} O[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex]H_{2} S[/tex].
(c) Phosphorus atom is placed below Nitrogen atom in periodic table as elements are placed on the basis of their atomic number in the periodic table so [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} N[/tex] is a better nucleophile than [tex](CH_{3} )_{3} P[/tex].
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Liquids with many free hydroxide ions (OH-) are called _________.
Answer:
hypothesis testing center of the year with 32 days
Determine the mass of oxygen gas obtained from the decomposition of 7.5 g of hydrogen peroxide according to the equation: 2 H2O2 --> 2 H2O + O2
The mass of oxygen gas obtained from the decomposition of 7.5 g of hydrogen peroxide is 32 grams.
What is mass?Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body.
The equation is
2 H₂O₂ --> 2 H₂O + O₂
H₂O₂ = 2 x 1 + 2 x 16 = 34
mol = m /Mr = 68 / 34 = 2 moles
We must compare the moles of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen gas. According to the corrected equation, this mole ratio is as shown below:
The ratio of moles are
2 : 1
moles = 2/2 = 1 moles
Moles into mass = 32
mol x mr 1 x 32 = 32 grams
Thus, the mass of oxygen gas is 32 grams.
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The pressure of a gas is 0.975 atm when its volume is 400 ml. calculate the pressure if the gas is allowed to expand to 600 ml at constant temperature.
The final pressure is 0.65 atm is allowed to expand the gas. Boyle's law, an experimental gas law, states that as a container's capacity rises, a gas's pressure tends to drop.
1) A current formulation of Boyle's law is:
If the temperature and amount of gas remain constant in a closed system, the absolute pressure exerted by a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to the volume it occupies.
2) Boyle's law can be expressed mathematically as follows:
P ∝ 1/V
or
PV = k
Acc to the Boyle's law ,
P1V1 = P2V2
The initial pressure = 0.975 atm
The initial volume = 400 ml
When the gas is allowed to expand ,
The final Volume = 600 ml
We need to find the Final pressure by using the above formulae and substitute the values in the formulae.
0.975× 400 = P2 ×600 ml
The final pressure = 0.975× 400/600
= 0.65 atm
The final pressure of the gas is 0.65 atm provided that the temperature is constant by using the Boyle's law.
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Copper has a density of 8.96 g/cm3. if a cylinder of copper weighing 20.18 g is dropped into a graduated cylinder containing 20.00 ml of water, what will be the new water level?
The new water level will be = 20 + 5.45 = 25.45 mL.
First step is to calculate the volume of the copper cylinder as follows:
density = mass / volume
volume = mass / density = 48.85 / 8.96 = 5.45 mL
Then we add the volume of the cylinder to the volume of water to get the new water level:
New water level = 20 + 5.45 = 25.45 mL
The elevation of a sea, stream, lake, or reservoir's free surface in relation to a given vertical datum is referred to as the water level, sometimes known as gauge height or stage.
To determine how much is in the tank, ultrasonic sensors use sound waves that bounce off the surface of the liquid. These liquid level sensors feature an accuracy of 0.25% of the detected range and a precision of up to 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) (current reading).
The level spot on two objects that are distant from one another, like posts or stakes in the ground, is frequently determined by the water level.
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What is the density of a substance with a mass of 45. 00 g and a volume of 26. 4 ml?.
1.70 g/mL is the density of a substance with a mass of 45. 00 g and a volume of 26. 4 ml.
What is density ?Mass per unit of volume is referred to as density. Although the Latin letter D can also be used, the symbol for density is most frequently written as (the lower case Greek letter rho). Mass divided by volume is the mathematical definition of density: where is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume. Density is sometimes loosely defined as a substance's weight per unit volume, while this is incorrect scientifically; the term "specific weight" is more appropriate. An example of this is in the oil and gas business in the United States.
The density and mass concentration of a pure substance are numerically equivalent. Density can affect buoyancy, purity, and packing. Varied materials typically have different densities.
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O
6
The symbols of two atoms may be written as shown.
53X 52Y
Which statement about these atoms is correct?
A They are different elements because they have different numbers of neutrons.
They are different elements because they have different numbers of protons.
B
C
They are isotopes of the same element because they have the same nucleon number.
D They are isotopes of the same element because they have the same proton number.
41 Chapter
The only correct statement about the elements is that they are isotopes of the same element because they have the same proton number.
What are isotopes?Isotopes are two atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass number. The fact that they both have the same atomic number tells us that they are atoms of the same element. The atomic number is the identity of an element. It helps us to identify which element is which.
Now, when we have elements that differ in the mass number, what this simply means is that the number of the neutrons that are in the atoms are not the same.
Looking at the two atoms as we have seen in the question which are 53Xand 52Y, we can see that the only correct statement about the elements is that they are isotopes of the same element because they have the same proton number.
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Litre container which holds room air at standard atmospheric pressure. if the container is compressed to a volume of 0.5 litres, what would be the partial pressure of oxygen (po2)?
Partial pressure of oxygen po2= Total pressure * Volume of gas
= 1 atm * 0.5l = 0.5 atmL
what is partial pressure?
Each gas in a mixture of gases has a partial pressure, which is the pressure that would exist if that gas alone filled the entire volume of the original combination at the same temperature.According to Dalton's Law, a perfect gas mixture's total pressure equals the sum of its constituent gases' individual partial pressures.
It claims that the overall pressure exerted by the combination of non-reactive gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the various gases. The pressure applied by each individual gas in a gas mixture is referred to as partial pressure.
Thus,
Partial pressure = Total pressure * Volume of gas
= 1 atm * 0.5l = 0.5 atmL
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Which is NOT an SI base unit?
Second
meter
degree Celsius
kilogram
Answer:
degree Celsius
Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 61.3 grams of c2h6o in 3.4 l solution.
The molarity of a solution containing 61.3 grams of C₂H₆O in 3.4 l solution is 0.39M.
The molarity of a solution is the quantity of solute in moles per liter of solution. Molarity is represented by a capital M. A solution is a combination of two or more compounds in chemistry in which neither substance undergoes chemical change.
Molarity = given mass / molecular weight × volume of solution (in L)
Molarity = 61.3 / 46.07 × 3.4
Molarity = 61.3 / 156.63 = 0.39M
Therefore, the molarity of a solution containing 61.3 grams of C₂H₆O in 3.4 l solution is 0.39M.
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In this system,_____
energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of_____
energy and a little bit of_____
energy. The_____
energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine which generates______
energy. The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of ______
energy and very little_____
energy.
In this system, chemical energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of mechanical energy and a bit of thermal energy.
The mechanical energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine, which generates wind energy.
The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of light energy and very little heat energy.
What is energy?"Energy can be changed from one form to another but is neither created nor destroyed."
The system should have been made up of numerous systems where energy transformations take place, and each of these must adhere to the aforementioned law. These energy conversion processes are not entirely effective since some energy is wasted along the route as heat.
Thus, the correct options are mechanical energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, wind energy, light energy, and heat energy.
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Answer: In this system,_Chemical____
energy from the cyclist is converted to a lot of_Light____
energy and a little bit of__Thermal___
energy. The_Mechanical____
energy from the turning bicycle wheel spins the turbine which generates_Electrical_____
energy. The fluorescent light bulb converts this energy into two new forms: a lot of __Light____
energy and very little_Thermal____
energy.
Explanation:
Explain the effect that increasing the nacl concentration have on osmotic pressure.
Increasing the NaCl concentration will increase the osmotic pressure.
Osmotic pressure, alongside the vapor pressure depression, freezing point depression and the boiling point elevation are the colligative properties od solution.
The direction of osmotic pressure is always from the side with the lower concentration of solute to the side with the higher concentration.
π = c(NaCl) × T(NaCL) × R
π is osmotic pressure
c is concentration of solution.
T is temperature in Kelvins.
R is universal gas constant.
Greater the concentration of sodium chloride, the greater is the osmotic pressure, because the osmotic pressure and the concentratio are in direct proportion.
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In the titration of 46.0 ml of 0.400 m hcooh with 0.150 m lioh, how many ml of lioh are required to reach the halfway point?
122.67 ml of LiOH are required to reach the halfway point.
The balanced equation for the reaction of lithium hydroxide with the acid:
LiOH + HCOOH → HCOOLi + H₂O
V(HCOOH) = 46.0 ml; volume of the acid
c(HCOOH) = 0.400 M; concentration of the acid
c(LiOH) = 0.150 M; concentration of lithium hydroxide
V(LiOH) = ?; volume of lithium hydroxide
At the halfway point: n(HCOOH) = n(LiOH)
c(HCOOH) × V(HCOOH) = c(LiOH) × V(LiOH)
0.400 M × 46.0 ml = 0.150 M × V(LiOH)
V(LiOH) = 0.400 M × 46.0 ml / 0.150 M
V(LiOH) = 122.67 ml; volume of lithium hydroxide
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A website will be most accessible if all of its content can be accessed with:
A. a mouse.
B. no headers.
C.a tab key.
D..a touch screen.
Answer:a mouse
Explanation:
Answer: a mouse
Explanation:
A student obsevers a substance that is highly refletive and able to conduct electricty. The subtance also has a high meltiling point. Which is most likely classification for this subtance
The substance is classified as metal as it is highly reflective, conducts electricity and has a high melting point.
Elements with distinctive chemical and physical characteristics are referred to as metals.
A metal is a substance that has a shiny look when freshly processed, polished, or shattered, and conducts heat and electricity rather effectively. Generally speaking, metals are malleable, ductile, and opaque. These characteristics are the outcome of the metallic link that exists between the metal's atoms or molecules.
Metals make up around 75 percent of all chemical elements that are currently understood. Compared to other elements, metals are denser.
Ferrous metals, which include iron, and non-ferrous metals, which do not, are the two basic categories into which metals may be separated.
Metals are excellent building materials. Strength, hardness, and rigidity are just a few of the qualities that metals possess. Metals may be heated and formed into anything, from a little paperclip to an enormous airplane. They are important for electrics and frying pans since they are strong conductors of heat and electricity.
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The spectrum of an oxygen lamp looks different than the spectrum of a sodium lamp because?
The spectrum of an oxygen lamp looks different because each atom has a unique set of electron orbits.
In chemistry, the word spectrum shows different colors of light after passing through a piece of the prism.
It also indicates the intensity of radiations having different wavelengths and energy.
A simple spectrum looks like a rainbow displaying various colors and intensities of light such as visible light.
Similarly, when an electron jumps from a higher state to a ground state it also emits a spectrum in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
Fluorescence and absorption are examples of the spectrum.
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After extraction of the benzoic acid into the aqueous solution as its anionic salt, the ether solution was then washed with water two further times. What do you think was the purpose of these two wash steps?.
After extracting benzoic acid as its anionic salt into the aqueous solution, two more washes were carried out to get rid of any unreacted inorganic elements that were still present in the ether solution (due to the added separating reagent).
NaOH must be added to a mixture in order to extract benzoic acid; any additional NaOH must then be removed in order to proceed. Additionally, the solution is rinsed with water two or three times to remove any extra NaOH.
Washing is done to lessen the amount of residue and other pollutants in the layers. Because ether is non-polar and water is polar, polar contaminants, such as the residual anionic salt of benzoic acid, tend to migrate to the water during washing, giving you a purer organic layer.
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16.8 g N205
Express your answer using three significant figures.
explain it with the steps, please help me!
Answer:
0.156 grams or 3.49 liters or 9.39E22 atoms
Explanation:
assuming you want moles:
16.8 / 108 = 0.156
assuming you want liters:
0.156 x 22.4 = 3.49
assuming you want atoms:
0.156 x 6.02E23 = 9.39E22
How does a winnowing basket work
Answer:
The farmer places the wheat in the winnowing basket after flailing the grain. The threshing barn doors are opened on windy days. The farmer throws the grain into the air using the winnowing basket, where the wind removes the chaff.
Explanation:
Mauren and Esteban have been investigating various reactions to find out if they are exothermic or endothermic
Which of these reactions are endothermic and which are exothermic
Complete the following statement with a single word: percent error is a quantitative measure of the _________ of a measurement or result.
Complete the following statement with a single word: percent error is a quantitative measure of the inaccuracy of a measurement or result.
The percent error is an error between an observed value and the true value of a measurement.
Percent Error = (Actual Value - Estimated Value / Actual Value) × 100%
Accuracy is the closeness of a measurement to the true value. Accuracy is the basic of analytical chemistry.
There are three types of error in chemistry: gross errors, random errors and systematic errors.
Percent error indicates value of an error during the experiment.
Percent error shows how unavoidable errors affect the experimental results.
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Atoms of which two elements have a combined total of 16 protons?
Atoms of sulfur two elements have a combined total of 16 proton.
Briefing :A chemical element is sulfur. Each sulfur atom has 16 protons in its nucleus, as indicated by its atomic number of 16 and official symbol, S. The number of protons, positively charged nuclear particles, is represented by the atomic number Z. But Z determines an element's identity. If Z=1, the element is hydrogen; if Z=2, the element is helium; and if Z=16, the element is neon.
What is the element sulfur used for?In addition to being a fungicide and an ingredient in black gunpowder, sulfur is used to vulcanize black rubber. However, the majority of sulfur is utilized in the creation of sulfuric acid, which is arguably the most significant chemical produced by western civilisations.
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What is the molar concentration of sodium ion in a 200.0 ml solution prepared from 1.223 g of sodium phosphate (na3po4, 163.9 g/mol), which is a cleaning agent, food additive, and stain remover?
The molar concentration of sodium ion in a 200.0 ml solution prepared from 1.223 g of sodium phosphate (na3po4, 163.9 g/mol) is 0.0373 M
What is molar concentration?
The term "molar concentration" refers to the amount of a substance in a solution represented as a percentage of its volume. It is also used to refer to molarity, quantity concentration, or substance concentration.The number of moles per litre, denoted by the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units, is the most often used unit denoting molarity in chemistry. One mol/L of a solution's concentration is referred to as one molar, or 1 M.
Volume of given solution = 200 ml = 0.2 l
Molecular weight of sodium phosphate = 163.9g
Amount required to make the solution = 1.223g
Thus, no of moles of sodium phosphate = 1.223/163.9 moles = 7.46*10^(-3) moles
Thus molar concentration = molarity = 7.46*10^(-3) moles/0.2 = 0.0373 M
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