Answer:G1 I hope this is helpful please mark me brainlist if correct then no if wrong
Explanation:
The G1 checkpoint determines whether all conditions are favorable for cell division to proceed. The G1 checkpoint, also called the restriction point, is the point at which the cell irreversibly commits to the cell-division processThe G1 checkpoint, also known as the restriction point in mammalian cells and the start point in yeast, is the point at which the cell becomes committed to entering the cell cycle.The first stage of interphase is called the G1 phase, or first gap, because little change is visible. However, during the G1 stage, the cell is quite active at the biochemical level. The cell is accumulating the building blocks of chromosomal DNA and the associated proteins, as well as accumulating enough energy reserves to complete the task of replicating each chromosome in the nucleus.
among molluscs, only members of the class have a circulatory system, in which all of the blood is contained in vessels to maintain higher blood pressure.
Among mollusks, only members of the class have a circulatory system, in which all of the blood is contained in vessels to maintain higher blood pressure. Annelids.
The circulatory machine is made up of blood vessels that bring blood far away from and closer to the heart. Arteries bring blood far from the coronary heart and veins convey blood returned to the heart. The circulatory system carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, and eliminates waste merchandise, like carbon dioxide.
Arteries bring blood far away from the heart and veins convey blood returned to the coronary heart. The circulatory gadget includes oxygen, vitamins, and hormones to cells, and removes waste merchandise, like carbon dioxide.
Our coronary heart is the best circulatory machine organ. Blood is going from the coronary heart to the lungs to get oxygen. The lungs are a part of the breathing system. Your coronary heart then pumps oxygenated blood via arteries to the rest of the body.
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one-way anova is used to determine if differences exist between the means of three or more populations under dependent sampling.
To ascertain whether there are differences between the means of three or more populations under dependent sampling, one-way ANOVA is performed.
What can you infer from a one-way ANOVA?In order to ascertain whether there is statistical support that the linked population means are statistically substantially different, one-way ANOVA ("analysis of variance") examines the means of two or more independent groups. A parametric test is one-Way ANOVA. Another name for this test is the one-factor ANOVA
Can two groups be studied using ANOVA?One-way ANOVAs are typically used when there are three or more categorical independent groups, although they can also be employed when there are only two groups (but an independent-samples t-test is more commonly used for two groups).
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How can we best summarize the role of watson and crick in discovering the structure of dna?.
They created a key speculation for the shape of DNA. (They did now no longer carry out experiments themselves; they created a accurate speculation the usage of statistics from a couple of sources.)
Watson and Crick evolved their thoughts approximately genetic replication in a 2d article in Nature, posted on May 30, 1953. The had proven that during DNA, shape is function: the double-stranded molecule may want to each produce genuine copies of itself and deliver genetic instructions.
Taken in 1952, this picture is the primary X-ray image of DNA, which caused the invention of its molecular shape through Watson and Crick. Created through Rosalind Franklin the usage of a method referred to as X-ray crystallography, it found out the helical form of the DNA molecule.
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which classification group is the largest? (meaning they are the most inclusive, or has the most number of different organisms).
The kingdom is the largest classification category, right? (i.e., they are the most diverse or have the greatest variety of creatures).
Which level of classification has the broadest scope and the largest diversity of organisms?The taxon that has the most species is called a kingdom. In terms of taxonomy, it is the broadest classification for the organisms. The five-kingdom division was introduced by R.H. Whittaker. Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia are all included in this division.
On Earth, prokaryotes are by far the most prevalent group of creatures. They include the Bacteria and the Archaea, two of the three main classifications of living things, making them by far the most diversified in terms of both metabolism and phylogeny.
The kingdom, the largest category, is at the very top of the taxonomic hierarchy, followed by phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Most inclusive refers to the highest position in the taxonomic categories.
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A donkey and a beetle both use legs for locomotion, but the donkey has an internal bony skeleton while the beetle has an exoskeleton made of chitin. Which of the statements accurately describe the relationship between the donkey and beetle? choose all that apply.
Legs in donkey and the beetle are analogous structures. D) The donkey and the beetle do not share a recent common ancestor because the legs of these organisms have a common purpose but not a common structure.
What are convergent evolution and analogous structures?Convergent evolution is the emergence of phenotypical similarities in different groups independently from each other.
Convergent evolution occurs when two or more taxonomic groups share the same traits or characteristics even when they do not share a common ancestor.
Usually, this is a pattern observed in groups that are exposed to the same or similar environmental pressures. The development of these similar phenotypes is related to higher fitness and competitive ability.
The traits or characteristics developed by these different and distant groups are analogous structures.
Analogous structures are those body parts of different organisms that accomplish the same function, but they originated from different areas. These structures do not share the same origin.
In the exposed example, the donkey and a beetle's legs are analogous structures. We can tell it because,
donkey and a beetle do not share a recent common ancestorlegs have a different origin in donkey and beetlelegs are used for locomotion in both species. In both cases, legs have the same function.Among the option, option D is the correct one. The donkey and the beetle do not share a recent common ancestor because the legs of these organisms have a common purpose but not a common structure.
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what is the difference between nonhomologous end-joining (nhej) and homology-directed repair (hdr) in the context of genome editing?
While HDR-breaks require a template to assist repair, NHEJ-break end can be ligated with out it.
In biology, what does homology mean?Homology refers to similarity at all levels due to a common origin (organism, population and species). Genealogs classified as homoplasts do not have a common ancestor among species. Homoplasy is resemblance resulting from a shared ancestry at the organism & population levels but not at the species.
What is an example of homology?Homologies are characteristics shared by two or more species and derived from their common ancestor. For instance, our common ancestor who lived more than 300 Mya ago left us with both the humans five-fingered hand and also the lizard's five-toed foot.
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in reactions mediated by protein kinases what does phosphorylation of successive proteins ddo to drive the reaction
Phosphorylation of successive proteins drives the reaction by causing the proteins to change shape. The proteins can then bind to each other, or to other molecules, more tightly.
This increased binding affinity allows the proteins to work together more efficiently to drive the reaction.Protein kinases are enzymes that phosphorylate other proteins. Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to a protein. This modification can change the activity of the protein. Protein kinases are important in many cellular processes, including cell division, cell signaling, and cell death.
Protein kinases can phosphorylate multiple proteins in a cascade, which is a series of reactions in which each reaction is catalyzed by a different enzyme. The phosphorylation of successive proteins in a cascade can amplify the signal that is being transmitted.
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lymphatic tissue is found in the greatest quantity in a) the adult spleen. b) the adult thymus. c) bone marrow. d) the tonsils. e) peyer's patches.
Lymphatic tissue is found in the greatest quantity in the adult spleen.
So option (a) is the correct answer.
A network of tissues, veins, and organs known as the lymphatic tissue. It collaborates to transport lymph, a colourless, watery fluid, back into your circulatory system (your bloodstream). Your body's arteries, smaller arteriole blood vessels, and capillaries each day carry about 20 litres .
These organs include the tonsils, adult spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes (which have the highest lymphocyte concentration). Initial lymphocyte development occurs in the bone marrow. Stromal cells, for example, are present in the lymphoid organs as additional cell types.
Lymphatic tissue defends your body from pathogens, regulates body fluids, absorbs lipids from the digestive tract, and eliminates cellular waste.
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If 32 % of the nucleotides in a DNA molecule are guanine, what percentage of the nucleotides will be thymine?
36 %
32 %
18 %
64 %
The DNA contains four nitrogen bases, with purines and pyrimidines having a one-to-one ratio. If 32% of the DNA has guanine, then 18% will be thymine. The third option is true.
How is the DNA base pair formed?The DNA nucleotide has four bases, such as adenine (A) and guanine (G); these are purines with double ring structures, and the other two are cytosine (C) and thymine (T); these are pyrimidines. A purine forms a bond with a pyrimidine, for example, A with T and C with G. If the guanine is 32%, then the cytosine is 32% too, as they make a bond with each other. The GC bond will take 64% of the total, the AT bond will take 36%, and each will be 18%.
Hence, the thymine is 18%.
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reganglionic sympathetic fibers typically synapse with sympathetic chain ganglia unless they pass through, forming____________nerves that instead enter collateral ganglia.
splanchnic
preganglionic sympathetic fibers typically synapse with sympathetic chain ganglia unless they pass through, forming splanchnic nerves that instead enter collateral ganglia.
The sympathetic nerves enter the spinal cord through the intermediolateral horn and exit through the T1 through L2 segments. Before the postganglionic nerve fibers reach the target tissue, the preganglionic nerve fibers synapse in either the paravertebral sympathetic chain ganglia or the prevertebral ganglia.
The splanchnic nerves are bilateral autonomic nerves that supply stomach and pelvic viscera. Except for the pelvic splanchnic nerves, which carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, all splanchnic nerves carry preganglionic (presynaptic) sympathetic fibers.
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which substances show variations in composition on both a particulate level and a macroscopic level?
A heterogeneous mixture shows variations in composition on both a particulate level and a macroscopic level.
The mixture's composition is not consistent.
What is heterogeneous mixture?
If the composition of a mixture varies over time, it is said to be heterogeneous. Vegetable soup is a sophisticated mixture. The proportions of the different vegetables and other ingredients will vary.
Heterogeneous mixes are made up of two or more different phases. Examples include ice cubes in a liquid, sand and water and salts and oils.
Therefore, a heterogeneous mixture shows variations in composition on both a particulate level and a macroscopic level.
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Who was present for the new record-breaking jump in 2012
AnswerAnswer: Felix Baumgartner
Explanation:
To repair a thymine dimmer by nucleotide excision repair, in which order do the necessary enzymes act?.
When repairing a thymine dimer via nucleotide excision repair, the essential enzymes Endonuclease, DNA polymerase I, and DNA ligase should be used in that order.
Which enzyme is necessary for thymine dimer excision repair?According to the needs of the cell, a number of processes, including photolyase, can remove or repair T-T dimers from DNA. A photo reactivating enzyme termed photolyase, which has chromophores capable of absorbing blue light photons, is present in several organisms (of wavelength 350-450 nm).
What enzyme is in charge of mending thymine dimers with light energy?Photoreactivation can be used to fix pyrimidine dimers. A thymine dimer is split into two thymine monomers during photoreactivation, an enzyme reaction triggered by light (between 300 and 600 nm).
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How does a homeostatic imbalance, such as diabetes, provide evidence for feedback mechanisms that maintain homeostasis?
The homeostatic imbalance, such as diabetes, provides evidence for feedback mechanisms that maintain homeostasis because they are able to increase or decrease the imbalance of the system and thus we can observe the outcome.
What is a biological feedback mechanism?A biological feedback mechanism is any type of pathway in an organism whose output is able to modify the input of the system, thereby producing a relationship that may be positive (i.e., positive biological feedback mechanism) or negative (i.e., negative biological feedback mechanisms).
The biological feedback mechanism is able to change the input and therefore we can trace a given output by means of its input.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a biological feedback mechanism can be used to understand the intrinsic features of a homeostatic mechanism by observing the relationships between the output and the input, which may be positive or negative.
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What is the blood type of individuals who cannot add the terminal sugar to the h substance?.
The blood type of individuals who can't add the terminal sugar to the H substance is the O blood type.
Blood types are determined by the presence (or absence) of certain antigens in the blood. Antigens are substances that are able to trigger the immune response.
The major blood type groups are based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells. In addition to A and B antigens, there is also a protein that can be either present or absent called the Rh factor. Combined, A and B antigens and Rh factor create eight major groups of blood types.
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Does a monopolistically competitive firm tend to have a more elastic or less elastic demand than a monopoly? explain why.
Answer: The monopolistically competitive firm will have a more elastic demand than a monopoly because there will likely be more close substitutes. A monopoly has fewer substitutes and no close substitutes. The greater number of substitutes will cause elasticity to increase. It is easier for individuals to switch to consuming other goods when prices rise.
The heart can be found in which body cavity?
spinal
cranial
thoracic
pelvic
Answer:
thoracic
Explanation:
Answer:
C
Explanation:
thoracic cavity is the correct answer can you mark me brainliest I need it please and thank you :P
what are the four common structures of all living cells? how did these structures differ between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell models in photo 1?
All cells share four common components: 1) a plasma membrane, outer protection that separates the interior of the cell from its surrounding surroundings; 2) cytoplasm, including a jelly-like region within the cell wherein other cellular additives, are determined; three) DNA, the genetic cloth of the cell, and 4) ribosomes.
The structures which are observed in all kinds of cells are the cellular membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA. The cellular membrane also referred to as the plasma membrane, is the outer barrier of the cell. It protects the cell and allows modify what is going in and out through selective permeability.
Prokaryotes are usually unicellular, at the same time as eukaryotes are regularly multi-celled organisms. additionally, eukaryotic cells are more than 100 to 10,000 times large than prokaryotic cells and are much extra complicated. The DNA in eukaryotes is saved inside the nucleus, even as DNA is stored within the cytoplasm of prokaryotes.
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the two sorting processes eukaryotic cells may follow to produce new daughter cells that receive the correct number and types of chromosomes are
Two sorting processes eukaryotic cells may follow to produce new daughter cells that receive the correct number and types of chromosomes are mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis is a process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells that occurs when a parent cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells. Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes .
Mitosis is used to produce new identical somatic (body) cells for growth and healing while meiosis is used to produce sex cells (eggs and sperm).
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Why would contractile vacuoles be of little value to one celled organisms living in the ocean.
Contractile vacuoles be of little value to one celled organisms living in the ocean because in a hypotonic solution water will enter the organism because there is more solute inside the cell than outside the cell.
What are Contractile vacuoles?Contractile vacuoles are intracellular structures involved in osmoregulation. It occurs mainly in protists and unicellular algae. Formerly known as pulsatile or pulsatile vacuoles. The contractile vacuole complex (CV) is an osmoregulatory organelle in free-living amoebae and protozoa that regulates intracellular water balance by accumulating excess water and expelling it from the cell, thus controlling the water balance in ponds.Allows cells to survive under hypotonic stress such as A vacuole is a membrane-enclosed organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help release waste products. In plant cells, vacuoles help in maintaining water balance. Tropomyosin, along with other proteins actin and myosin, is a ubiquitous contractile protein in animal cells that functions to regulate contraction in both muscle and non-muscle cells.To learn more about Contractile vacuoles from the given link :
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How would this affect the ability of the leaf to retain water especially in dry conditions?
If the stomata are open in dry condition, the leaf could lose water vapor and dehydrate or dry out.
Photosynthesis is when green plants and other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. Plant photosynthesis generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a by-product.
If the stomata are open in dry conditions to carry out the process of photosynthesis then the leaf loses water vapor and dehydrates. To lower the rate of water vapor loss through the openings of the stomata the guard cells close to prevent further loss of water vapor.
Less water for photosynthesis, so the rate of photosynthesis and glucose production decreases.
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which of the following is/are true of a bacteriophage entering the lysogenic cycle? group of answer choices upon incorporation into the host genome, it is referred to as a provirus all of these are correct upon incorporation into the host genome, it is referred to as a prophage it is called a temperate phage
Bacteriophage entering the lysogenic cycle upon incorporation into the host genome, it is referred to as a prophage it is called a temperate phage is true.
Some bacteriophages with lysogenic life cycles are considered to be temperate phages. The bacteriophage nucleic acid is incorporated into the host bacteria's genome during lysogeny, which results in the prophage. In this stage, the bacterium continues to exist and grow properly. Bacteriophages are virulent phages that only utilise the lytic cycle.The difference between lysogenic and lytic cycles is that lysogenic cycles propagate the viral DNA through regular prokaryotic replication, but lytic cycles are more immediate because they cause the very quick production of multiple copies of the virus and cell death. The lysogenic cycle differs from the lytic cycle in that the host cell is not directly lysed during the lysogenic cycle. Phages that only reproduce using the lytic cycle are referred to as virulent phages, whereas phages that reproduce using both the lytic and lysogenic cycles are referred to as temperate phages.To know more about Bacteriophages check the below link:
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HI! PLEASE HELP (it will mean a lot)
Which hormones help the body resist stress and make stored nutrients available to prepare the body for action?.
When under stress, cortisol accesses protein reserves through the liver's gluconeogenesis pathway in order to provide the body with glucose.
Which hormone aids the body in coping with stress?The main stress hormone, cortisol, raises blood sugar levels (glucose), improves how well your brain uses glucose, and increases the availability of compounds that help tissues heal. Cortisol also prevents actions that can be needless or harmful in a fight-or-flight situation.
What hormone is secreted to support energy maintenance during prolonged stress?The endocrine glands on top of your kidneys, the adrenal glands, generate and release the steroid hormone cortisol. Your body's response to stress is one of the many things that cortisol has an impact on.
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Which area of the brain is associated with consolidation of information into long-term memories?.
Area of the brain that is associated with consolidation of information into long-term memories is called : the hippocampus.
What is the function of hippocampus?The hippocampus is the catalyst for long-term memory but actual memory traces are encoded at different places in the cortex.
The hippocampus is important for the rapid formation of new memories and for prolonged process of consolidating newly acquired memories into permanent storehouse of autobiographical and world knowledge in the neocortex .
When long-term memories are formed, hippocampus retrieves the information from working memory and starts to change the physical neural wiring of brain. The new connection formed between neurons and synapses stay as long as they are in use.
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A forensic anthropologist is attending your school’s career
fair. She brings with her both actual bone specimens as well as a presentation.
She picks up a hip bone and says “did you know that when you are born this bone
is actually three separate bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis? In most of you
they are just now beginning to fuse together.” Then, while holding a femur she
explained that “the ends of the long bones fuse to the shaft at various ages,
and for the femur, this is between 14 and 21 years, and for the clavicle, it
occurs between 20 and 30 years of age. Why do you think the skeleton starts off
with more separate bones and fuses them along the life span? Are there any
advantages to either unfused or fused bones?
The skeleton(hipbones) starts off with more separate bones and fuses them along the life span to allow for complete development of underlying organs and for flexibility needed during the birth of the developing foetus. This flexibility is the advantage of the unfused bone before birth.
What is skeleton?Skeleton is defined as the hard structures that makes up the musculoskeletal system specific f the body which provides support and ability for movement.
During the development of the foetus, not all the bones of the body are fused especially the bones of the skull and the bones of the hip. This leads to the total number of bones in a baby being 300 bones and that of an adult is 206.
After birth, the bones of an infant undergoes ossification. That is to say that the skull and hip bones which where separate before birth fuses together and forms a stronger structure.
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When are the genes involved in lactose metabolism in e. Coli expressed and when are they turned off?.
Genes involved in lactose metabolism can be found in the E. coli lac operon. Only when lactose and glucose are both present does it express.
E. coli processes lactose in what way?By hydrolyzing the 1,4 glycosidic link on the lactose disaccharide in E. coli, -D-glucosidase produces -D-glucose and -D-galactose.
The lac operon turns on when there is lactose present?When lactose is available in the environment, it binds to the repressor protein and inhibits it from binding to the operator, allowing the transcription of the genes in the lac operon. Repressing the repressor is therefore how the lac operon is activated.
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If the haploid number of an organism is 5, then each dividing diploid cell will have how many chromatids at mitotic metaphase?.
Haploid = 1 chromosome. diploid = 1 chromatid.
A haploid number of an organism = 5.
A diploid number of an organism = 10.
Chromosomes are duplicating in the metaphase stage, so 10 x 2 = 20 chromatids.
Therefore, each dividing diploid cell will have 20 chromatids at mitotic metaphase.
A diploid germ cell divides into four haploid cells into two cell divisions. This process does not occur in organisms that reproduce via asexual processes such as binary fission. A haploid cell contains only one set of chromosomes. Diploids, as the name suggests, contain two sets of chromosomes.
Haploid cells are formed through the process of meiosis. A diploid cell is a cell with two complete sets of chromosomes. Diploid cells have paired chromosomes from both biological parents. Mitosis produces a diploid cell if the parent cell is also diploid. Mitosis produces two genetically and morphologically identical cells.
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In what important way does research on taste aversion conducted by john garcia and robert koelling demonstrate how biology can strongly influence classical conditioning? responses by showing that some associations between unconditioned and conditioned stimuli are more easily learned than others by showing that some associations between unconditioned and conditioned stimuli are more easily learned than others by showing that pairing the conditioned stimulus with the unconditioned stimulus is not required by showing that pairing the conditioned stimulus with the unconditioned stimulus is not required by showing that the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus must be presented together by showing that the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus must be presented together by showing that cognition is not necessary for conditioning to occur by showing that cognition is not necessary for conditioning to occur by showing that all learning cues can be conditioned equally well.
John Garcia and Robert Kahring used flavored water. There was combination of taste (conditioned stimulus) and nausea (unconditioned stimulus) that led to the illness experienced. In case of, taste was combined with other unconditioned stimuli and no conditioning occurred.
What is Classical Conditioning Theory?Classical conditioning is a behaviorist theory of learning that occurs unconsciously. It has been hypothesized that when naturally occurring and environmental stimuli are repeatedly paired, the environmental stimulus ultimately elicits a response similar to that of the natural stimulus.Learning through classical conditioning pairs autoconditioned responses with specific stimuli. This creates behavior.Why is classical conditioning important?Most psychologists now agree that classical conditioning is a fundamental form of learning. In addition, Pavlovian principles are known to influence human health, emotions, motivation, and the treatment of mental disorders. Classical conditioning has many clinically relevant uses.
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As the frequency of muscle action potentials _______________, the strength of the resulting muscular contraction ____________.
As the frequency of muscle action potentials increase, the strength of the resulting muscular contraction increases.
Muscle contraction is caused by the activation of tension-producing regions within muscle cells. Because muscle tension can be created without changes in muscle length, such as when holding something heavy in the same position, muscle contraction does not always imply muscle shortening in physiology. Muscle relaxation, or the return of the muscular fibres to their low tension-generating state, occurs after a muscle contraction has finished.
Both length and tension can be used to characterise muscle contractions. The muscle contraction is referred to as isometric if the muscle tension varies but the muscle length does not. But if the tension in the muscle remains constant during the contraction, the contraction is said to be isotonic. When the muscle length shortens, eccentric contractions take place; when the muscle lengthens, eccentric contractions take place. Muscle contractions play a variety of roles in the spontaneous motions that underpin locomotor activity because they can cause variations in length and tension throughout a range of time. Therefore, in skeletal muscles that contract during locomotor activity, neither length nor tension are likely to stay the same.
Because they require synaptic input from motor neurons, skeletal muscle contractions in vertebrates are neurogenic. Multiple muscle fibres can be innervated by a single motor neuron, which causes the fibres to contract simultaneously. The sliding filament theory describes how each skeletal muscle fiber's protein filaments move past one another after being innervated to cause a contraction. Depending on how frequently action potentials occur, the contraction that results may be referred to as a twitch, summation, or tetanus. The length-tension connection states that muscle tension in skeletal muscles is highest when the muscle is stretched to an intermediate length.
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