Air in a thunderstorm is being heated to temperatures higher than those of the surrounding air by the process of ________, and because of this, the air is ________.

Answer:

50 to 500 Water drops

Explanation:

One cubic centimeter of a typical cumulus cloud contains 50 to 500 water drops.

By multiplying the frequency and wavelength we'll get speed of wave.

what is wavelength?

The separation between two successive wave crests or troughs is known as a wavelength. It is determined by measuring the wave's direction.

A wave's wavelength is the separation between its crests and troughs, which may be measured for electromagnetic, sound, or other types of waves.

The peak of the wave is called the crest, while the dip is its base. Wavelength is measured in length units like meters, centimeters, millimeters, nanometers, etc. since it is a measure of distance or length.

Wavelength of the wave = Wave speed/Frequency

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We need photons of wavelength 0.0177 nm

When photons interact with matter, there are four competing processes. Compton scattering is one of them.

A photon can be completely absorbed, and its energy can eject an electron from its host atom at energies of a few eV to a few keV, which correspond to visible light through soft X-rays. This phenomenon is known as the photoelectric effect.

The Compton effect was discovered by Arthur Compton.

The Compton effect is the lengthening of electron-scattered X-ray and other electromagnetic wave wavelengths. It is the fundamental process by which matter absorbs radiating energy.

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Answer:200N,  

Explanation:

the hammer exerts a force nail, then the nail will exert a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction back on the hammer.

The nail put back a force of 200 N on the hammer in opposite direction.

An external force is an agent that has the power to alter the resting or moving condition of a body. It has a direction and a magnitude. The application of force is the location at which force is applied, and the direction in which the force is applied is known as the direction of the force.

Given that; hammer puts a force of 200 N on a nail.

According to Newton's Third Law of motion, every action has equal and opposite reaction.

So, the nail put back a magnitude of 200 N force on the hammer in opposite direction.

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The alpha emissions and beta emissions occur 7 times in this series of decays.

The sum of the mass number and atomic number on both sides of a nuclear equation must be the same. This topic involves two forms of radioactive decay: alpha decay and beta decay. From the initial element with an atomic number of less than two, alpha-decay creates an element with a mass number of fewer than four. There are no changes in the mass number of the element during beta-decay. However, the atomic number rises by one.

235U92→231Th90+4He2

231Th90→227Ra88+4He2

227Ra88→223Rn86+4He2

223Rn86→219Po84+4He2

219Po84→215Pb82+4He2

215Pb82→211Hg80+4He2

211Hg80→207Pt78+4He2

207Pt78→207Au79+0e−1

207Au79→207Hg80+0e−1

207Hg80→207Tl81+0e−1

207Tl81→207Pb82+0e−1

Hence, these seven successive alpha and beta emissions would occur in uranium-235 decay series until it reaches Pb-207.

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The stopping distance of the car is 49.9 m

The following data were obtained from the question:

The stopping distance can be obtained as illustrated below:

v² = u² + 2as

0² = 25.28² + (2 × -6.4 × s)

0 = 639.0784 - 12.8s

Collect like terms

-12.8s = 0 - 639.0784

-12.8s = -639.0784

Divide both sides by -12.8

s = -639.0784 / -12.8

s = 49.9 m

Thus, the stopping distance of the car is 49.9 m

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The reason why the micropipette must be calibrated with oleic acid solution and not with water is that Oleic acid can spread out unlike water. Hence, the drop volume will be different skewing the volume.

Oleic acid does have the characteristic of spreading out across a monolayer with a measurable thickness. Water, on the contrary hand, contains a variety of drop sizes, which skews the volume and thus affects the calibration. Because of this, oleic acid is recommended.

Water repels the non-polar chain (it is hydrophobic), while water attracts the polar end (hydrophilic). A very dilute oleic acid solution in pentane shall be used. The pentane evaporates quickly, leaving behind a thin layer of plain oleic acid.

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A cylinder initially contains a liquid-vapor mixture of water. water has a total mass of 10 kg and a quality factor of x1= 0.8.

Numerous variables, including the quantity of salt (or salinity), bacteria levels, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and the number of debris suspended in the water, are used to determine the quality of water (turbidity). The individual index values of some or all of the parameters within the five categories of water quality parameters are averaged to create the WQI. Turbidity (NTU*) of the water and/or Secchi disk depth (in meters or feet); Oxygen that has been dissolved: Oxygen concentration in milliliters. They consist of nutrients, pH, temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen (nitrogen and phosphorus). One of the most crucial elements of water management is the assessment and management of water quality. With increasing worries and understanding about the effects on the environment and public health, this has gained substantial worldwide significance throughout time.

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The vehicle took 2.6 seconds to accelerate.

Acceleration is the rate at of change of velocity. It is a vector quantity. That is, it has both magnitude and direction.

Given that a vehicle accelerates to 22.60 m/s after being stopped at a red light. The vehicle travels 29.46 m while accelerating from the intersection. How fast was its acceleration?

The parameters to be considered are:

Let us first calculate the acceleration by using the formula

v² = u² + 2as

22.6² = 0 + 2 × a × 29.46

510.76 = 58.92a

a = 510.76 / 58.92

a = 8.67 m/s²

Now, we can know how fast was its acceleration by using the formula

v = u + at

22.6 = 0 + 8.67 × t

22.6 = 8.67t

t = 22.6 / 8.67

t = 2.61 s

Therefore, the vehicle took 2.6 seconds to accelerate.

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When a diode is reverse-biased and the bias voltage is increased, what will happen to the reverse current will not change.

A diode is a semiconductor device that essentially switches current in a single direction.

While restricting current flow in the other direction considerably, it makes it easy for current to flow in one way.

Because they transform alternating current (ac) into pulsing direct current, diodes are also known as rectifiers (dc).

The type, voltage, and current capability of diodes are all rated.

Anode (positive lead) and cathode, define the polarity of diodes (negative lead).

The majority of diodes only let current flow when anode voltage is provided in the positive direction.

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Answer:

He exceeded the speed limit

Explanation:

[tex]{ \tt{ \frac{38 \times {10}^{8} \: m }{1 \: s} }} = { \tt{ \frac{ \frac{1}{1609} \: mi}{ \frac{1}{3600} \: hr} }} \\ \\ { \tt{ = ( \frac{1}{1609} \times 38 \times {10}^{8} ) \times (3600)}} \\ \\ = 8.5 \times {10}^{9 } \: mih {}^{ - 1} [/tex]

When burned with just the stoichiometric amount of air, under conditions where no heat is lost, the temperature range in which it will produce flames is around 2100 K to 2300 K.

Stoichiometric combustion, in which all available oxygen is fully used, is burning without excess or lack of air. The general equation of a stoichiometric combustion can be determined by presuming that nitrogen reacts in extremely small amounts and is discovered after combustion in molecule form.

Stoichiometric or theoretical air is the smallest amount of air required for a fuel to burn completely. Stoichiometric combustion theoretically gives the ideal fuel to air ratio, which reduces losses and gets all of the energy from the fuel; but, in practice, stoichiometric combustion is not possible due to a variety of different variables.

Since heat losses are unavoidable, 100% efficiency is not possible.

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The stopping distance for a car traveling at a velocity of 20 m/s and acceleration of -4 m/s^2 is 50 m.

The above situation is a case of motion in one dimension, which is governed by the following equations,

V = u + at ..........(i)

V^2 - u^2 = 2as ..........(ii)

S = ut + 1/2 at^2 .........(iii)

As we are given the initial velocity, the final velocity, and the acceleration, therefore we have to apply the second equation to get the answer

v^2 - u^2 = 2as

Here v is the final velocity = 0 m/s

u is the initial velocity = 20 m/s

a is the acceleration = -4 m/s^2

And s is the distance traveled by car

Putting the given values in the above equation,

(0) ^2 - (20)^2 = 2(-4)s

-400 = -8s

S = 50 m

Hence, The stopping distance for a car traveling at a velocity of 20 m/s and acceleration of -4 m/s^2 is 50 m.

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Complete Question -

(a) A car speedometer has a 5.0% uncertainty. What is the range of possible speeds when it reads 90 km/h? (b) Convert this range to miles per hour. (1 km=0.6214 mi)

a) 94.5 km/h to 85.5km/h

b) 58.7 mi/h to 53.1 mi/h

v = 67.0 km/h

dv/v %  = 5

dv/v = 0.05

dv= 0.05 * 67

dv = 3.35

lowest speed = v- dv

= 67-3.35

=63.65

so upto 1 decimal lowest speed is 63.6

highest speed = v +dv

= 67 + 3.35

= 70.35

so highest  speed  upto 1 decimal = 70.9

lowest speed = 63.6 km/h

= 63.6 * 5/18

= 17.1 m/s ( upto 1 decimal)

highest speed = 70.9 km/h

= 70.9 * 5/18

=19.1 m/s ( upto 1 decimal}

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Yes, it is correct to say that if no net impulse is exerted on a system, then no change in the momentum of the system will occur.

Impulse is defined as the instantaneous force applied to the object for a very short duration. It is given by the product of force and time. The expression of the impulse is given by

I =  F × t where ,

F is the force

t is the time

The impulse is also defined as the change in the momentum of the object, that is,

[tex]I=Pf-Pi[/tex] where [tex]Pf[/tex] is the final momentum of the object [tex]Pi[/tex] is the initial momentum of the object

Hence, if the net impulse is zero, therefore

0=[tex]Pf[/tex]=[tex]Pi[/tex]

[tex]Pf[/tex]=[tex]Pi[/tex]

hence the momentum of the object will also not change.

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The independent variable in the given scenario is the presence of carbon dioxide. The correct option is A.

The term "independent variable" means precisely what it seems like. It is a parameter that is independent of all the other variables individuals are attempting to measure.

In mathematical modeling, data techniques, and exploratory sciences, dependent and independent variables are variables. According to the hypothesis, this variable has a direct effect on the dependent variable.

In the given scenario, the temperature of atmosphere is getting changed by the presence of carbon dioxide, so it can be better to say that here, carbon dioxide is independent variable and temperature is dependent one.

Thus, the correct option is A.

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By using Hooke's Law, the spring constant is 0.62 lb/ft.

We need to know about Hooke's Law to solve this problem. Hooke's Law describes the force applied to spring (elastic materials) will proportional to spring constant and displacement under the elastic condition. It can be described as

F = k . x

where F is force, k is spring constant and x is displacement.

From the question above, we know that

F = 8 lb

x = 13 ft

By substituting the given parameters, we get

F = k . x

8 = k . 13

k = 8/13

k = 0.62 lb/ft

Hence, the spring constant is 0.62 lb/ft.

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If a sheet of aluminum foil is held in front of a radioactive source. Two types of radiation are detected on the other side. The alpha particle radiation will not be detected.

The ability of some unstable atoms to emit nuclear radiation spontaneously, typically in the form of alpha or beta particles frequently accompanied by gamma rays, is known as radioactivity.

As given in the problem statement, if a sheet of aluminum foil is held in front of a radioactive source. Two types of radiation are detected on the other side, then we have to find which type of radiation will not be detected on the other side.

When a radioactive source is in front of a sheet of aluminum foil. On the opposite side, radiation of two different sorts is seen. There won't be any indication of alpha particle radiation.

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The symbol of the ion having 12 protons and 10 electrons would be Mg²⁺ , therefore the correct answer is option A.

An atom's atomic number is determined by the total number of protons it contains. Both the number of neutrons and the number of electrons contained inside an atom have no connection to the atomic number.

We must determine the symbol for the ion with 12 protons and 10 electrons according to the problem.

As is well knowledge, the magnesium atom, symbolized by Mg2+, contains 12 electrons and 10 protons.

Thus, the correct answer is option a.

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[tex]{ \qquad\qquad\huge\underline{{\sf Answer}}} [/tex]

According to snells law :

[tex]\qquad \sf  \dashrightarrow \: n_1 ×sin \: i = n_2 \times sin \:r [/tex]

[ n corresponds to the refracting index of a medium ]

now, as we know :

Now, let's proceed according to the formula ~

[tex]\qquad \sf  \dashrightarrow \: 1 \times \sin(40 \degree) = 1.33 \times \sin(r) [/tex]

[tex]\qquad \sf  \dashrightarrow \: \sin(r) = \cfrac{1 \times sin \: r}{1.33} [/tex]

[ sin 40° = 0.6428 ]

[tex]\qquad \sf  \dashrightarrow \: \sin(r) = \cfrac{0.6428}{1.33} [/tex]

[tex]\qquad \sf  \dashrightarrow \: \sin(r) \approx \cfrac{1}{2} [/tex]

[tex]\qquad \sf  \dashrightarrow \: r \approx 30 \degree[/tex]

Hence, the angle of refraction is equal to 30°

The distance traveled by the puck is 0.203 m.

This can be defined as the length between two points.

To calculate the distance which the puck accelerate, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Hence, the distance traveled by the puck is 0.203 m.

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When earth catches up to a slower-moving outer planet and passes it in its orbit, in the same way that a faster runner overtakes a slower runner in an outside lane, the outer planet exhibits retrograde motion.

What do you mean by retrograde motion?

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The aqueous solution with a ph of 2.00 is diluted from 1.0 l to 3.0 l.The ph of the diluted solution will be 2.48.

The pH serves as a gauge for a solution's acidity or alkalinity, as well as its hydrogen ion concentration. The pH scale typically ranges from 0 to 14. Acidic aqueous solutions at 25 °C are those with a pH below 7, and basic or alkaline solutions are those with a pH above 7.

Anything that is acidic is below 7.0, while everything that is alkaline or basic is above 7.0. A pH scale that lists the pH values of common substances and ranges from 0 (extremely basic/alkaline) to 14 (very basic/alkaline).

A solution's pH is a significant indicator of its chemical composition. The pH can affect how readily available nutrients are, how biological processes work, how bacteria behave, and how chemicals behave.

Aqueous solutions are made up of water and one or more dissolved materials. Solids, gases, or other liquids can all dissolve in an aqueous solution.

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An example of kinetic energy is pouring rain.The correct response to this question is (c) pouring rain.

Kinetic energy is the capacity for a moving thing to perform work. An object must be moving in order for it to have kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is measured in joules (J), much like all other types of energy.

There must be some kind of motion that an object goes through for it to have kinetic energy. By taking them as a whole and ignoring any potential "kinetic energy" that their molecules may have, all the other alternatives in this situation are just of stationary objects.

Therefore, an example of kinetic energy is pouring rain.The correct response to this question is (c) pouring rain.

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The concentration of the fully deprotonated glycylglycine 100 mm solution at ph 9.0 is 8.8mM.

In an acid-base process, deprotonation (or dehydronation) refers to the removal (transfer) of a proton (or hydron, or hydrogen cation), (H+), from a Brnsted-Lowry acid.

The formula that can be used in this context:

pH = pKa2 + log base/acid

9.0 = 8.13 + log deprotonated/ protonated

0.87 = log [deprotonated] / [protonated]

[deprotonated] / [protonated] = 10^0.87 = 7.4 → 1

Here we have been provided that,

Ct = the provided total concentration of glycylglycine = 100mM

so, Ct = [deprotonated] + [protonated]

100mM - [deprotonated] = [protonated]

Thus, setting up the values in equation 1, we have

[deprotonated glycylglysine ] / 100mM - [deprotonated] = 7.4

⇒ [deprotonated glycylglysine ] = 7.4 [100mM] - 7.4[deprotonated]

⇒ [fully deprotonated] = 7.4 [100mM] / 8.4

= 88.09 mM

≈ 88mM

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The addition operation of the given figures is determined as 19.95 m in 4 significant figure.

A significant figure is a figure or a digit that contributes to how accurately something can be measured.

The given values;

2 m ------> 1 significant figure

9.35 m ---------> 3 significant figure

8.6 m -------------> 2 significant figure

Addition operator in mathematics is denoted by the symbol "+" and it implies summing the giving digits together.

2 m + 9.35 m + 8.6 m = 19.95 m (4 significant figure).

Thus, the addition operation of the given figures is determined as 19.95 m in 4 significant figure.

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The percentage of its surface area would be covered by glucose transporters is 100%.

As the cell is nearly spherical, the surface area of a cell with a diameter of 2.0 mm is equal to

A= 4πr^2 = 4 pi 1 x (10^-3)^2= 12.5 x 10^-6 m^2.

The area occupied by glucose transporters is approximately 12 nm^2 or 1.2 x 10^-6 m^2.

So, the %age of area covered by glucose transporters = Surface area of the cell/ Area occupied by glucose transporters= 12.5 x 10^-6 m^2/1.2 x 10^-6 m^2 x 100 = 100%.

Thus, the percentage of its surface area that would be covered by glucose transporters is 100%.

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The average velocity will be more useful if you wanted to know how long it would take you to get to a store and come back.

The overall distance the object covers in a given amount of time is its average speed. The scalar quantity represents the average speed. It does not have direction; it is represented by magnitude.

Average Speed=[tex]\frac{total distance}{total time}[/tex]

Average velocity is a vector quantity. The change in position or displacement divided by the time periods during which the displacement happens is known as average velocity. Depending on how the displacement is displaced, the average velocity may be positive or negative. Meters per second (m/s), the SI unit of average velocity, is used.

Average Velocity=[tex]\frac{Total displacement}{Total time}[/tex]

So, in average speed no particular direction is given there can be multiple ways to go to the store and come back so average speed can be different every time.

But in case of average velocity there must be particular shortest route that is known as displacement and that would give an accurate time to go to the store and come back

Hence, average velocity is more useful as compared to average speed.

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Answer:different parallel, straight paths. Each car's velocity as a function of time is shown in the graph. Which of the following claims is correct

about car X and car Y?

Both car X and car Y travel in the same direction.

Explanation: