Germanium (Ge) with a charge of -4
Calculate the average atomic mass of an unknown element if 95.00% of all the atoms have a mass of 31.972 amu, 0.76% has a mass of 32.971 amu and 4.22% have a mass of 33.967 amu. Record your answer to 4 decimal places.
Answer:
32.06 amu
Explanation:
(31.972 amu x 95%) + (32.971 amu x 0.76%) + (33.967 amu x 4.22%) =
(31.972 x .95) + (32.971 x .0076) + (33.967 x .0422) =
30.3734 + .2505796 + 1.4334074 = 32.057387 = 32.06 amu
The unknown element is Sulfur.
Describe how new scientific discoveries led to the revisions of Mendeléev's periodic table?
There were many scientific discoveries led to the revision of mendeleev's periodic table.
Beyond Mendeleev's original 63 elements, periodic charts today more elements are included. The majority of the elements in the present periodic tables number 108 or 109.Today's tables have rows that display elements in Mendeleev's column order. In other words, Mendeleev listed the components of what we now refer to as a "period" vertically. In contrast to Mendeleev's table, where chemical "groups" were displayed horizontally, they are now displayed vertically.Mendeleev's arrangement was based on the atomic ratios at which elements produced oxides, binary compounds with oxygen, whereas modern periodic tables are organised in increasing order of atomic numbers.Discoveries of isotopes lead to Change in position of isotopes which were placed wrongly in Mendeleev's periodic table. Mendeleev's periodic law was unable to explain the location of isotopes.There were mamy anomalies in Mendeleev's periodic table which were later revised according to the new discoveries.
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90. A piece of wood sinks in ethanol but floats in
gasoline. Give a range of possible densities for
the wood. Refer to Table 3.6 on page 90.
in order for the wooden to waft in fuel, it needs to have a density much less than the density of fuel and so as for it to sink in ethanol, it must have a greater density than the density of ethanol however ethanol is denser than gasoline therefore if it sinks in ethanol it has to also sink in fuel.
If the wood pressure is much less than the object's weight, the object will sink. So, the piece of timber floats in water whilst located in ethanol it sinks. ethanol is lighter than water so it needs to drift to the floor of the water but this isn't always the actual case. The ethanol in water neither sinks nor floats, alternatively it mixes thoroughly to form a homogenous solution. The purpose of this blending of two solutions is hydrogen bonding between ethanol and water.
Density is a measure of how heavy something is compared to its size. If an item is greater dense than water it will sink while placed in water, and if it's miles much less dense than water it'll float. Density is a functioning asset of a substance and doesn't depend on the amount of substance.
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what are 3 main ways thermal energy can be transfered
Thermal energy transfers occur in three ways: through conduction, convection, and radiation. When thermal energy is transferred between neighboring molecules that are in contact with one another, this is called conduction.
Egyptian papyrus with 71% of its original carbon-14 atoms Aboriginal charcoal with 28% of its original carbon-14 atoms. Mayan headdress with 89% of its original carbon-14 atoms Neanderthal skull with 5% of its original carbon-14 atoms
A0 is the initial activity, AT is the activity at time T, and H is the half-life, expressed in units of T, where AT = A0 e(-T/H).
What we know when we replace it produces...
0.71 = (1) e(-T/5730)
Calculate T: loge(0.71) = -T/5730
T = -loge(0.71) (5730)
For all aboriginal charcoal,
T = 1962 (conservatively rounded to T = 2000).
0.28 = (1) e(-T/5730)
Find T by solving for loge(0.28) = -T/5730.
T = -loge(0.28) (5730)
For a mayan headdress,
T = 7294 (conservatively rounded, T = 7000) 0.89 = (1) e(-T/5730)
Calculate T by using loge(0.89) = -T/5730.
T = -loge(0.89) (5730)
T = 667 for neanderthals
(roughly rounded to T = 700). 0.05 = (1) e(-T/5730)
Find T by solving loge(0.05) = -T/5730.
T = -loge(0.05) (5730)
(Conservatively rounded, T = 17000; T = 17165)
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The _______ law of thermodynamics states that energy conversions result in energy lost in a nonuseful form like heat.
The second law of thermodynamics states that energy conversions result in energy lost in a nonuseful form like heat.
The second law of thermodynamics states that although heat can do work, it is not always possible to convert heat completely into other types of energy, because in an energy conversion process an amount of energy is useful and other one is not useful due to the fact that it cannot be transformed.
In general terms, the second law of thermodynamics speaks of the efficiency in the processes of energy conversion and entropy in systems.
What is entropy?Entropy is defined as the degree or amount of disorder or randomness of a system.
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Can someone please help me
Who was the first person to apply experiment methods to his atomic theory
A cubic box has a side length of 5 cm. The mass of the box is 250 g. What is the density? HINT: You were not
given the volume of the box, only the side length).
Answer:
Explanation:
bdbdh
When moving down a column in the Periodic Table, which of the following increases? PLEASE HELP!!!
OPTIONS
Number of valence electrons
Melting point of the element
Possible number of bonds formed
Metallic character of the element
Answer:
Metallic character of the element
Explanation:
What controls the amount of light that passes though the lens of the camera?
Aperture controls the amount of light that passes though the lens of the camera.
Briefing :The parameter known as aperture determines how much the lens's diaphragm opens to let light enter the camera. In other words, it regulates the amount of light that reaches the sensor or film as well as the size of the opening in the diaphragm. Different lenses have different minimum and maximum values for the aperture.
What controls the light in a camera?The ISO, the Aperture, and the Shutter Speed are the three different ways you can regulate how much light your camera captures. The ISO can be compared to your film stock. If you had the good fortune to shoot film, you would be aware that a lower ISO produces clearer images and requires less light.
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Answer:
I hope this helps.
Explanation:
When it is raining or snowing (precipitation), every water molecule has 2 atoms of hydrogen bonded with 1 atom of oxygen (H2O).-
Two hydrogen and one oxygen atoms combine to form two hydrogen molecules, or 2H₂O.
The process of evaporation never stops. Water bodies continuously lose water, which builds up in the atmosphere as water vapors.
Later, these vapors precipitate back into water and reach the earth as rain or snow. Hydrogen bonds form between nearby hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules in the case of water. A bond called a hydrogen bond is produced by the attraction between individual water molecules. A structure made up of two or more atoms that are chemically connected to one another is called a molecule. A compound or elemental molecule could be the structure. An elemental molecule, like ozone (O₃) or chlorine, only contains one type of atom (Cl₂). One or more distinct components combine to form a composite molecule.
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What is the relationship between the following two compounds?
a. constitutional isomers
b. stereoisomers
c. identical
d. not isomers; different compounds entirely
These are stereoisomers so option b.
constitutional isomers are structural isomers who have specific type of isomers that share the same molecular formula but different bonding structure and patterns. To identify a constitutional isomer the easy way is to count the number of carbon and the degree.
Isomers that have same composition but have different orientation in space is known as stereoisomers. it is of two types diastereomers and enantiomers.
the non-superimposable mirror images are formed by enantiomers.
diastereomers are not mirror images but they are non-superimposable
Here in this figure the given are stereoisomers and it is diastereomer.
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this question was incomplete and there was no figure. i gave attached a fig accordingly answered the question.
PLEASE ANSWER FAST I REALLY NEED IT!!! 50 POINTS
Explain how the properties of matter can be used to explain substances? Describe at minimum of five properties using complete sentences.
Answer: All matter has physical and chemical properties. Physical properties are characteristics that scientists can measure without changing the composition of the sample under study, such as mass, color, and volume (the amount of space occupied by a sample). Chemical properties describe the characteristic ability of a substance to react to form new substances; they include its flammability and susceptibility to corrosion. All samples of a pure substance have the same chemical and physical properties. For example, pure copper is always a reddish-brown solid (a physical property) and always dissolves in dilute nitric acid to produce a blue solution and a brown gas (a chemical property).
Physical properties can be extensive or intensive. Extensive properties vary with the amount of the substance and include mass, weight, and volume. Intensive properties, in contrast, do not depend on the amount of the substance; they include color, melting point, boiling point, electrical conductivity, and physical state at a given temperature. For example, elemental sulfur is a yellow crystalline solid that does not conduct electricity and has a melting point of 115.2 °C, no matter what amount is examined (Figure 1.3.1). Scientists commonly measure intensive properties to determine a substance’s identity, whereas extensive properties convey information about the amount of the substance in a sample.
All matter has physical and chemical properties. Physical properties are characteristics that scientists can measure without changing the composition of the sample under study, such as mass, color, and volume (the amount of space occupied by a sample). Chemical properties describe the characteristic ability of a substance to react to form new substances; they include its flammability and susceptibility to corrosion. All samples of a pure substance have the same chemical and physical properties. For example, pure copper is always a reddish-brown solid (a physical property) and always dissolves in dilute nitric acid to produce a blue solution and a brown gas (a chemical property).
Physical properties can be extensive or intensive. Extensive properties vary with the amount of the substance and include mass, weight, and volume. Intensive properties, in contrast, do not depend on the amount of the substance; they include color, melting point, boiling point, electrical conductivity, and physical state at a given temperature. For example, elemental sulfur is a yellow crystalline solid that does not conduct electricity and has a melting point of 115.2 °C, no matter what amount is examined (Figure 1.3.1). Scientists commonly measure intensive properties to determine a substance’s identity, whereas extensive properties convey information about the amount of the substance in a sample.
Explanation: Read the article and simplify it in your own words.
Which of these is an example of copyright infringement?
A.producing and selling a drug that another company invented
B.selling print copies of a book after purchasing the digital file
C. selling a machine that someone else invented
D. creating a logo that looks very similar to a competitive logo
I need the right answer
b.selling print copies of a book after purchasing the digital file
Aloha, I'm here to help you today! <3
Answer:
Option. A Producing and selling a drug that another company invented
Explanation:
infringement refers to the act of unlawful copying of material under intellectual property law.If you don't have permission produce or sell this drug that would be copyright.
Hope this helps you! <3
Have an Awesome day! :P
What is the proof of a 750-ml bottle of rum that contains 4.73 moles of ethanol, c2h5oh, which has a density of 0.785 g/ml?
The proof of a 750-ml bottle of rum is 74.
In the US, alcohol proof is equal to twice the percent of alcohol (ethanol) by volume, so for example, 180 proof alcohol is a 90% ethanol solution by volume.
d = 0.785 g/ml; density of the solution
n(ethanol) = 4.73 mol; amount of the alcohol
m(ethanol) = 4.73 mol × 46 g/mol
m(ethanol) = 217.58 g; mass of ethanol
V(ethanol) = 217.58 g ÷ 0.785 g/mol
V(ethanol) = 277.17 ml; volume of ethanol
%v/v = 277.17 ml ÷ 750 ml × 100%
%v/v = 37%; the percent of alcohol (ethanol) by volume
the proof = 37 × 2 = 74
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How many times should you read the label information before you open the container?
Answer: 2 Just to clarify
Explanation:
11. In the boxes below make Bohr models for each of the elements.
a. Determine how many electrons, protons, and neutrons there are in each atom.
b. Draw a Bohr model of each element using the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons
Electrons.
Protons
Neutrons
HELIUM
Electrons
Protons
Neutrons
OXYGEN
The atomic number represents the number of protons, whereas the mass number represents the quantity of protons and neutrons. The number of protons equals the amount of electrons.
In a Bohr diagram, where do you determine the number of neutrons?The atomic number is the number of protons. The number of neutrons may be calculated by subtracting the number of protons from the atomic mass, which is then rounded to the closest whole number.
For neutrally charged species, the number of electrons in an atom equals the atomic number of an element. This signifies that the number of electrons and protons in an element are equal. As a result, the number of electrons in oxygen is eight.
The number of valence electrons in neutral atoms equals the atom's main group number. A periodic table column can be used to determine an element's main group number. Carbon, for example, belongs to group 4 and contains four valence electrons.
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What determines whether a carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a tetrahedral configuration or a planar configuration?
The presence or absence of double bonds between the carbon atom and other atoms determines whether a carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a tetrahedral configuration or a planar configuration.
The condition of electronic configuration is the one that determines the kinds as well as the number of bonds that a carbon atom will form with other atoms. When two carbon atoms are bonded by a double bond, the particular atom which is joined to the carbon exists in the same plane as the place of carbons. The organic molecules called hydrocarbons consists of only hydrogen and carbon.
Because reason of having four electrons by carbon in its valence shell, it is capable of forming four covalent bonds with that of other atoms. Whenever carbon forms four bonds with other atoms, the resulting molecule thus formed has a shape of tetrahedral. Generally, there are three basic types of covalent bonds which include single bonds, double bonds as well as triple bonds.
A carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a planar configuration with the presence or absence of double bonds.
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Prepare 1.0 l of 0.1 m citrate buffer, ph = 4.95, from crystalline citric acid (fw = 210) and 1.0 m naoh.
To make 1 L of citrate buffer (pH 3.0 to 6.2), follow these instructions
A. 800 mL of distilled water should be ready in a convenient container.
B. Add the solution with 25.703 g of sodium citrate dihydrate.
C. Add 2.421 g of citric acid in the mixture.
D. Use HCl or NaOH to adjust the solution's pH to the appropriate level.
E. Add distilled water until there is 1 L in the container.
What is a buffer?
Buffer solution refers to a solution whose pH is not significantly changed by the addition of modest amounts of either an acid or a basic. The solution of reserve acidity or alkalinity that resists pH change upon the addition of a modest amount of acid or alkali is known as a buffer.
Use these directions to create 1 L of citrate buffer (pH 3.0 to 6.2).
A handy container with 800 mL of distilled water should be prepared.
B. Include the sodium citrate dihydrate solution, which contains 25.703 g.
C. Include the mixture with 2.421 g of citric acid.
D. To bring the pH of the solution to the proper range, use HCl or NaOH.
E. Fill the container with distilled water until it measures 1 L.
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A 0.137 mol of n2o gas occupies a volume of 846 ml at a pressure at 2.37 atm. what temperature is the gas?
The temperature of a 0.137 moles of N₂O gas occupying volume of 846mL at a pressure 2.37atm is 178.48K
An ideal gas equation is :
PV = nRT
Here: P = pressure of a gas (in atm)
V =volume of a gas(in Litre)
n = number of moles of a gas
R = universal gas constant ( 0.082 [tex]\frac{Latm}{molK\\}[/tex])
T = temperature of a gas( in kelvin)
calculation:
substitute the given values provided question in the equation.
2.37×0.846 = 0.137×0.082×T
T = 178.48K
Result : The temperature of a given N₂O gas is 178.48K.
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The first eight ionization energies of a third row element are 1012, 1907, 2914, 4964, 6274, 21267, 25431, and 29872 kj/mol. Identify the element.
The third row element is phosphorus (P).
The ionization energy (Ei) is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence electron, when element lose electrons, oxidation number of element grows (oxidation process).
Nonmetals are far right in the main group and they have highest ionization energy, because they have many valence electrons.
Sixth ionization energy is much higher than fifth, atom has five valance electrons. Element in a third row tith five valence electrons is phosphorus.
Electron configuration for phosphorus: ₁₅P 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³.
Phosphorus lost five valence electron to form cation with stable electron configuration as noble gas neon (atomic number 10).
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Ethanol+is+supplied+in+a+90%+solution.+you+need+275+ml+of+75%+ethanol+for+your+experiment.+how+would+you+make+this+solution?
98.684 ml of 95% ethanol solution and 26.316 ml of water are required to prepare 125 ml of 75% ethanol solution.
What is a solution?
A solution is a uniform mixture of two or more components with particles smaller than one nanometer.
There are many different types of solutions, such as soda water, salt-and-sugar solutions, and others. In a solution, each component appears as a separate phase. The distribution of the particles is uniform, or there is particle homogeneity. This explains why the full contents of a soft drink bottle have the same flavour.
Let x ml of the 95% ethanol solution be the volume.
According to the law of conservation of mass, the amount of ethanol in x millilitres of 95% ethanol solution is equivalent to the amount in 125 millilitres of 75% ethanol solution.
⟹M1 V1 =M 2 V 2
In this instance: M 1 = 0.95, V 1 = x ml, M 2 = 0.75, V 2 = 125 ml, and V 1 = 98.684 ml.
But [V 2] = 125 ml for the ultimate volume.
Therefore, 98.684 ml of 95% ethanol solution and 26.316 ml of water are required to prepare 125 ml of 75% ethanol solution.
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The dye ________ turns ________ in the presence of acid products and is included in fermentation broth for some diagnostic tests.
The dye phenol red turns yellow in the presence of acid products and is included in fermentation broth for some diagnostic tests.
Phenol is an ordinary pH indicator and at a lower pH value i.e >7, Phenol red is a colorless compound. It is used to perform some diagnostic tests in the fermentation process.
The compound exhibits a sudden change in color as a result of a higher ph value.
It is composed of both negatively charged and positive charged particles i.e sulfate and ketone groups.
When it reacts with an acid the pH of phenol solution ranges between 6-8 and shows a quick transition from red to yellow indicating a pH change.
The transition from red to yellow is due to the loss of proton by the ketone group.
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An unknown gas has a density of 0.862 g/l at 298 k and 2.14 atm. what is the molar mass of the gas?
By ideal gas approximation, the molar mass is 9.84 x 10¯³.
We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation
P . V = n . R . T
where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that
ρ = 0.862 g/l
T = 298 K
P = 2.14 atm = 216835.5 Pa
Find the molarity of gas
P . V = n . R . T
P / (R. T) = (n/V)
M = P / (R. T)
M = 216835.5 / (8.31 . 298)
M = 87.56 M
Find the molar mass
M = (gr/Mr) / lt
M = (gr/lt) x 1/Mr
M = ρ / Mr
87.56 = 0.862 / Mr
Mr = 9.84 x 10¯³
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Which of the following is a valid conversion factor?
Group of answer choices
A.one meter over 10 centimeters
B.10 hectometers over one meter
C.one cubic centimeter over one liter
D.one kilogram over 1,000 grams
One kilogram over 1000 grams is the valid conversion factor. So the correct option is D.
What is the conversion factor?
Unit conversion is the expression of the same feature in a different unit of measurement. Time, for example, can be stated in minutes rather than hours, and distance can be translated from miles to kilometers, feet, or any other length measurement.
Measurements are frequently stated in one set of units, such as feet, but need alternative units, such as chains. A conversion factor is a numerical equation that allows for the equal exchange of feet and chains.
The AA conversion factor is a number that is used to multiply or divide one set of units into another. When converting to an equivalent value, the proper conversion factor must be utilized. To convert inches to feet, for example, the suitable conversion value is 12 inches equal to 1 foot. The suitable conversion value for minutes to hours is 60 minutes = 1 hour.
Therefore, the correct option is D.
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Answer:
one kilogram over 1,000 grams
Explanation:
I got it right on the test.
If you had excess chlorine how many moles of aluminum chloride could be product from 25g of aluminum?
0.925 moles aluminium chloride can be prepared with excess chlorine and 25g Al, Al being the limiting element.
What is limiting reagent?
As soon as the first reagent in a reaction is completely used, no other reactions can take place. The material that has been completely consumed when a specific chemical reaction is complete is the limiting reagent, sometimes referred to as the limiting reactant.
Molecular weight of AlCl3 that is aluminum chloride = 133g
Thus, for one mole of AlCl3 27 g Al is require and 3*35.5g of cl is required.
Now we have only 25 g of Al and excess Cl, thus Al becomes the limiting reagent here,
hence, 1 mole Al = 27 g
25 g Al = 25/27 moles Al = 0.925 mole Al
Thus, 0.925 moles aluminium chloride can be prepared with excess chlorine and 25g Al, Al being the limiting element.
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HELP ASAP PLEASE!! GIVING BRAINLIEST!!
1. What information can the atomic emission spectra of a distant star yield for scientists?
A. chemical composition of the star
B. age of the star
C. number of electrons in the star
D. distance to the star
Explanation:
distance of the star ....
Answer:
number of electrons in the star
How many moles of aluminum ions, bicarbonate ions, and oxygen atoms are present in 34.0 g of aluminum bicarbonate?
34g Al(HCO3)3 gives 34/210 moles = 0.1619 moles
0.1619 moles Al(HCO3)3 has 3*0.1619 = 0.4857 moles HCO3-
0.1619 moles Al(HCO3)3 has 0.1619 moles aluminium ions
0.1619 moles Al(HCO3)3 has 9*0.1619 moles oxygen = 1.4571 moles oxygen
what are moles?
In chemistry, a mole, sometimes spelled mol, is a common scientific measurement unit for significant amounts of very small objects like atoms, molecules, or other predetermined particles. The mole designates 6.02214076 10 23 units, which is a very huge number.
Aluminium bicarbonate has a formula of Al(HCO3)3 and it molecular weight is 210g.
1 mole HCO3- weighs 61 g
1 mole Al(HCO3)3 has 3 moles of HCO3-
210 g Al(HCO3)3 gives 1 mole
Thus, 34g Al(HCO3)3 gives 34/210 moles = 0.1619 moles
1 mole HCO3- weighs 61 g
1 mole Al(HCO3)3 has 3 moles of HCO3-
0.1619 moles Al(HCO3)3 has 3*0.1619 = 0.4857 moles HCO3-
0.1619 moles Al(HCO3)3 has 0.1619 moles aluminium ions
0.1619 moles Al(HCO3)3 has 9*0.1619 moles oxygen = 1.4571 moles oxygen
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All but one of the halides will produce a precipitate with _____________.
a) chlorine
b) sodium
c) silver
d) nitrate
e) ammonium
f) hydroxide
All but one of the halides will produce a precipitate with Silver.
What are Halides?In chemistry, a halide (rarely halogenide) is a binary chemical compound made of two elements or radicals, one of which is an atom of a halogen and the other of which is an element or radical that is less electronegative (or more electropositive) than the halogen. These elements or radicals can be combined to form a fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, astatide, or theoretically a Tennessee compound. Under the right circumstances, the alkali metals immediately react with halogens to generate halides with the general formula MX (X = F, Cl, Br, or I). The hal- syllable in halide and halite reflects the fact that many salts are halides. At room temperature, all Group 1 metals produce halides, which are white solids.To learn more about Halides, refer to:
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what does a good hypothesis require
