An ice crystal falls vertically from a cloud.
What happens to the acceleration of the ice crystal as it falls?

For most double stranded DNA eukaryotic viruses, DNA replication occurs in nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Viruses must rely on host cells for metabolic and reproductive functions since they are obligate intracellular parasites.

Although each virus type and species has a unique life cycle, all viruses replicate through the same fundamental steps. The attachment, entry, uncoating, replication, maturity, and release phases can be used to categorise the many stages of the viral life cycle.

DNA viruses only need to produce mRNA, therefore replication utilises techniques that are well-known in cell biology, including transcription of mRNA from dsDNA and replication of dsDNA inside the cell nucleus. Some larger viruses code for their own enzymes, while the majority utilise host enzymes for these operations.

However, ssDNA viruses first use the DNA enzymes of the host cell to convert their ssDNA to intermediate dsDNA, which is then translated into mRNA.

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Answer:

1.5m

Explanation:

i hope this helps

The force that causes an acceleration of 35 m/s² with a mass of 80,000 kg is 2,800,000 N.

Solution:

Force (N) = mass (kg) × acceleration (m/s²)

According to this question, a rocket has a mass of 80,000 kg and accelerates at a rate of 35 m/s². The force can be calculated as follows:

F = 80,000kg × 35m/s²

F = 2,800,000N

The force is equal to the outlet mass flow rate times the outlet velocity times the free stream mass flow rate minus the free stream velocity. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over a specified time. Calculate acceleration by dividing the change in velocity by the change in time.

This characteristic is known as the velocity ratio  and is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the force by the distance traveled by the load. Force is push or pull. Shear is the component of force acting perpendicular to a plane. Push is force, but not all force counts as push. So they are not exactly the same and the given statement is incorrect.

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The right answer is "2800000 N"

Answer explanation:

Force = mass × acceleration

= 80,000 kg × 35 m/s2

= 2,800,000 N.

Hope it helps ✨✨

Sound energy is what travels in waves through matter.

Sound Energy is basically the result of a substance's vibration whenever movement of it's constituent particles is induced. It arises when a force, either sound or pressure, makes an object vibrate and the vibrations moving through something is what it is. The energy moves through the substance in waves.

In these waves, the particles move up and down which means that the kinetic energy has been transferred to them. Such waves that travel in the world around us are called mechanical waves and sound waves are a good example of how these propagate.

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The kind of energy that propagates through matter in waves is known as sound energy.

When a force, such as sound or pressure, causes an item or material to vibrate, the outcome is sound energy. Waves of that energy pass through the material. The sound waves are referred to as kinetic mechanical energy.

The propagation of vibrations through material is referred to as the sound energy. Noise is created when an item vibrates, which releases sound energy. Pressure waves are created by the sound vibrations and move through a material like air, water, wood, or metal.

Some of the examples of sound energy are:

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Answer:  velocity

Explanation:

The answer is velocity, because it describes how fast it is going and in what direction

Consider a cube with eight protons that are fixed in place at each corner. Near the cube's center, a ninth proton floats unimpeded. There is no gravity and no other charges nearby.

There are 3 protons and 3 neutrons in the first isotope. Three protons and four neutrons make up the second isotope and 4/2 + 4/6 = 4.4614 is the potential at the middle of a face. The proton will be pushed outward by the fields of all eight charges, thus this is smaller than in the center and things will only get worse from there.

Although it is fairly flat around x = 0, if you plot this as a function of x, you will find that it is in fact a declining function. Thus, the proton is capable of escaping. If you wish to verify that it is always negative (for x > 0), you can compute the derivative of (x) and plot that result.

Since the potential is unlimited in the cube's corners, the proton will obviously not be able to escape if it moves from the center to those points.

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The two main steps of protein synthesis and the key molecules involved in the process are:

The second step in protein synthesis is translation. Translation takes place in organelles called ribosomes. Messenger RNA reaches and attaches to ribosomes under the influence of ribosomal RNA and enzymes. The information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA sequences and crosses the nuclear membrane to ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Protein synthesis is a two-step process that reduces the complexity of the processes involved in protein synthesis. Description Transcription is the process by which RNA molecules are produced using double-stranded DNA molecules. The first step in protein synthesis is transcription the unfolding of DNA, and the generation of messenger RNA chains.

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If infrared radiation is released by the Earth and there is an increased level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, then it is absorbed and heats the atmosphere (option A).

Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are well known to increase global warming because they trap the radiation that otherwise will be dissipated from the atmosphere to space.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that greenhouse gases are associated with global warming and it is the reason for which the dramatic increase in carbon dioxide levels may be dangerous.

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Answer:

Explanation:

A meteoroid is an inevitably solid object ranging in size from 10 microns to 1 meter moving in interplanetary space. Meteoroids can be primary objects, as well as derivative fragments of larger celestial bodies (not only asteroids).

The example of the first student does NOT correspond to reality:

1. "A comet is mainly composed of ice and dust, and a meteoroid is composed of debris of comets and sometimes debris of asteroids."

In 2.5 hours, a plan covered 3000 miles in the north. The plane is moving at a 1200 km/ hr speed.

Distance = speed time is the formula used to solve the distance problem.

It measures how far an object travels in a certain amount of time.. Velocity is defined as the distance an object travels in one unit of time.

Given,

2 and a half hours

1200 kilometer.

Distance/Time = Velocity

= 3000/2.5

= 1200km/ hr

By dividing the amount of time it took the object to go a certain distance by the overall distance, one can calculate the object's initial velocity. V is the velocity, d is the distance, and t is the time in the equation V = d/t.

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A 10N force for a distance of 5 m will produce the greater change in kinetic energy of the body.

According to the work energy theorem, the change in kinetic energy of the body is equal to the work done by the forces on the body.

So, we can write,

W = ΔK

ΔK in kinetic energy change,

W is the work done.

Now, the force is 10N exerted over a distance of 5m. so,

10 x 5 = ΔK

ΔK = 50J.

Now, the exerted force is 20N over a distance of 2m, so,

20 x 2 = ΔK

ΔK = 40J.

Hence, the 20N force is producing more change in kinetic energy of the body.

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By adding solvent, a stock solution is transformed into a diluted solution. Therefore, 80.9 mL of Na2S2O3 stock solution are required.

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The magnetic field at center of a fictitious tube is 7.68 × 10⁻¹⁰ Tesla.

A magnetic field is the area around a magnet where you can feel the effects of magnetism. We use magnetic fields as a tool to describe how magnetic forces are distributed in the surrounding space and in anything that is magnetic in nature. Magnetic fields are created by moving the charges and intrinsic magnetic moments of elementary particles.

It is denoted by B or H . The units of magnetic field is Tesla.

formula : B = μ₀ × I/ 2πr

where, B ---> magnetic field

μ₀ ---> permeability of free space

r --> distance in meters

I ---> magnitude of electric current in ampere

the value of μ₀= 4π × 10⁻⁷ T m / A

we have given that, I = 1.0 A , r = 130 × 20 /100 => r = 26 m

putting all the values in above formula we get ,

B = 4π× 10⁻⁷× 1 / 2π× 26 = 4×10⁻⁷/52

= 7.6 × 10⁻¹⁰ T

Hence, the magnetic field is 7.6 × 10⁻¹⁰ T.

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The engine's valves can open and close during each cylinder's firing because a timing chain synchronizes the rotation of the crankshaft and camshaft(s), ensuring proper timing.

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When light with a wavelength of 550 nm shines on the provided metal, an electron is released from it, but not when light with a wavelength of 560 nm does so.

Whether a waveform signal travels over space or along a wire depends on its wavelength, which is the separation between two identical spots (adjacent crests) in subsequent cycles.

We know that;

Energy of electron e=hμ

∵ μ= c/λ

So ; e= hc/λ

Here h and c are constant so;

e ∝ 1/λ

Based on this ratio, we may conclude that:;

Less energy is released when the wavelength is larger, or vice versa.

Therefore, when light with a wavelength of 550 nm shines on the specified metal, an electron is released from it, but not when light with a wavelength of 560 nm does.

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estimated effective nuclear charge experienced by a 3 p electron of chlorine is 6.1.

What is nuclear charge ?

In atomic physics, the net nuclear charge is the actual amount of positive (nuclear) charge experienced by electrons in a multi-electron atom. The term "effective" is used because the shielding effect of negatively charged electrons prevents higher energy electrons from experiencing the full nuclear charge of the nucleus due to inner layer repulsive effects. The net nuclear charge experienced by an electron is also called the nuclear charge. The strength of the nuclear charge can be determined by the oxidation number of the atom. Most of the physical and chemical properties of elements can be described in terms of their electronic configurations. . It is known that the magnitude of the ionization potential depends on the following factors:

atomic size;

nuclear charge;

Inner shell shielding effect u

The extent to which the outermost electrons penetrate the charge cloud created by the inner electrons.

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The tension in the cable is 147N.

Here we have to find the tension in the cables.

The given values are:

Mass of the loudspeaker = 20kg

Height (h) = 2m

Length (l) = 3m

Acceleration due to gravity(g) = 9.8 m/s²

Weight of the loudspeaker = mg

                                             = 20 × 9.8

                                             = 196N

Now according to Newton's second law we have:

TsinФ + TsinФ - weight = 0

T = tension

2TsinФ = weight

T = weight/ 2sinФ

We have to find the value of sinФ

sinФ = h/l

        = 2/3

T = 196/( 2 × 2/3)

  = 147N

Therefore the tension is 147N.

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The work done by the applied force is 21.23 J.

The work done by the gravity is 29.4 J.

The magnitude of the normal force between the block and the wall is 9.8 N.

The work done by the applied force on the block is calculated by applying the following equation for work done.

W = Fd cosθ

where;

The applied force on the block is calculated as follows;

Fsinθ - μmgsin(90) = ma

at a constant velocity, the acceleration of the block = 0

Fsinθ - μmg = 0

Fsinθ = μmgsinθ

F =  μmg/sinθ

F = (0.4 x 1 x 9.8)/sin(29)

F = 8.09 N

The work done by the applied force is calculated as;

W = Fcosθ x d

W = (8.09 x cos29) x 3

W = 21.23 J

The work done by the gravity is calculated as follows;

W = Fn cosθ x d

where;

W = mg cosθ x d

W = 1 x 9.8 x cos(0) x 3

W = 29.4 J

The magnitude of the normal force between the block and the wall is calculated as follows;

Fn = mg cosθ

where;

Fn = 1 x 9.8 x cos(0)

Fn = 9.8 N

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The conservation of energy allows to find the result for the change in temperature of the bullet is ΔT = 195ºC.

What is temperature?
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance. It is measured in various units, such as Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Rankine. Temperature is related to the amount of energy in a system, and it can be increased or decreased by adding or removing energy. In the absence of energy, the temperature of a system will remain constant. Temperature is an important factor in many physical and chemical processes, such as the rate of chemical reactions, the movement of particles, and the rate of evaporation. It also affects the properties of many materials, such as the hardness of metals and the melting and boiling points of liquids. Temperature is an important part of the Earth's climate, as it affects air pressure, wind patterns, and other atmospheric conditions. In addition, temperature plays an important role in biology, as it affects the growth and development of living organisms.

Given parameters

Mass of the bullet m = 5 g = 5 10-3 kg

Bullet velocity v = 300 m / s

Half of the energy is transformed into internal energy in the bullet.

Specific heat lead ce = 128 J / kg ºC

To find

Bullet temperature change.

The conservation of energy is an important law of conservation of physics, stable that energy cannot be created, not destroyed only transformed.

Let's look for the mechanical energy of the bullet that is totally kinetic.

 Em = K = ½ m v²

Em = ½ 5 10-3 (300) ²

Em = 2.25 10² J

They indicate that half is transformed into internal energy.

U = Em / 2

U = 2.25 10² / 2

U = 1.25 10² J

The energy is

 U = Q = ΔT=    

Let's calculate.

 ΔT = 1.95 10²

 ΔT = 195ºc

In conclusion using the conservation of energy we can find the result for the change in temperature of the bullet is:

  ΔT = 195ºC

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The change in temperature is 480.76 173.077 degree C

What is specific heat capacity?

The amount of heat (J) absorbed by a substance per unit mass (kg) as its temperature rises by 1 K (or 1 °C) is known as the specific heat capacity.

The kinetic energy of the bullet, KE = (1/2) m v^2

                                        = (1/2) * 6.3 * 10^(-3) * (500)^2

                                         =787.5 J

The amount of heat, Q, available  = (1/2) KE

                                                        =393.75 J

If c is the specific heat capacity and dT is change in temperature then, Q = msdT

dT = Q/(m s)

   = 393.75 / (6.3* 10^-3   * 0.13*10^3*)

   = 480.76 173.077 degree C

Therefore, the change in temperature is 480.76 173.077 degree C

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The work done by the aluminum in 216 Joules.

The ratio of the increase in length to the original length for each degree increase in temperature is called the coefficient of linear expansion. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion describes the change in the length of a material as a function of temperature. A distinction is made between the average thermal coefficient of expansion and the physical coefficient of linear expansion.

calculation:-

Work done = msT2 -T1

= 8000000 g × 2 × 1/000000 ( 20- 10)

= 600

density = 2.7

work done per unit = 600/2.7

= 216 jolues

The volume expansion coefficient is three times the linear expansion coefficient. Heating an object changes its dimensions. It depends on your body type. Expansion can be done in length in which case it is called linear expansion. Heating a square wafer causes expansion in two planes lengthwise and widthwise. We call this range dilation.

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A triangle's midsegment is the section of a line joining the midpoints of its two sides. The midsegment of a triangle is half as long and parallel to the third side.

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We can't see any galaxies fifteen billion light-years away because looking fifteen billion light-years away means looking to a time before the universe even existed.

The universe, according to science, began with an explosion of space itself (the explosion is called the Big Bang) around 13.8 billion years ago. Gravity, a fundamental force that pulls masses toward each other, gradually drew matter together to form the first stars and the first galaxies.

Cosmic inflation, which is an extension of the Big Bang, explains why the universe is so homogeneous (or evenly composed) and how galaxies are distributed across space.

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Drain current for Q1, [tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = I / 3

Drain current for Q2, [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 2 I / 3

Drain current for Q1 is,

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( W / L ) ( [tex]v_{GS1}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex] )²

Drain current for Q2 is,

[tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( 2 W / L ) ( [tex]v_{GS2}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex] )²

From the circuit, for both Q1 and Q2 transistors,

Gate voltage = Source voltage = Threshold voltage

So,

[tex]v_{GS1}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex] = [tex]v_{GS2}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex]

[tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( 2 W / L ) ( [tex]v_{GS2}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex] )²

( [tex]v_{GS2}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex] )² =[tex]i_{D2}[/tex]  / [ 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( 2 W / L ) ]

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( W / L ) ( [tex]v_{GS1}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex] )²

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( W / L ) ( [tex]v_{GS2}[/tex] - [tex]V_{t}[/tex] )²

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( W / L ) [tex]i_{D2}[/tex]  / [ 1 / 2 [tex]k'_{n}[/tex] ( 2 W / L ) ]

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] / 2

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] / [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 1 / 2

In the circuit, constant bias current imposes the constraint.

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] + [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = I

[tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = I - [tex]i_{D1}[/tex]

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] / [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 1 / 2

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] / ( I - [tex]i_{D1}[/tex] ) = 1 / 2

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = I / 2 - [tex]i_{D1}[/tex] / 2

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] + [tex]i_{D1}[/tex] / 2 = I / 2

3 [tex]i_{D1}[/tex] / 2 = I / 2

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = I / 3

[tex]i_{D1}[/tex] / [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 1 / 2

I / 3 = [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] / 2

[tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 2 I / 3

Therefore,

Drain current for Q1, [tex]i_{D1}[/tex] = I / 3

Drain current for Q2, [tex]i_{D2}[/tex] = 2 I / 3

The given question is incomplete. The complete question is :

A design error has resulted in a gross mismatch in the circuit of Fig. P9.24. Specifically, Q2 has twice the W/L ratio of Q1. if [tex]v_{id}[/tex] is a small sine-wave signal, find [tex]i_{D1}[/tex] and [tex]i_{D2}[/tex]. Fig. P9.24. is shown in the image attached.

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"The clock on the big ben tower in London reads 12 noon. If you travel away from the clock at a very high speed and view it with a telescope, you would see it run slower than a clock in your vehicle" (Option A) This phenomenon is known as Time Dilation.

Time dilation is defined in physics and relativity as the difference in elapsed time as measured by two clocks. It is either owing to a difference in relative velocity or a difference in gravitational potential between their places.

When left undefined, "time dilation" generally refers to the impact of velocity.

Time dilation is the "slowing down" of a clock as determined by an observer in relative motion with regard to that clock under the theory of special relativity.

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Full Question:

Suppose you look at the huge clock on the Big Ben Tower in London and it reads 12 noon. If you could travel away from the clock at the speed of light and view it with a telescope, it would:

a) run slower than usual

b) run faster than usual

c) be frozen at 12 noon

Bohr atomic model can not predict spectra for multielectron atom.

What is Bohr atomic model?

The Bohr model postulates  that  the electrons are orbit the nucleus at fixed energy if levels. Orbits further from to the nucleus to exist at highest energy levels.

Sol-

Bohr’s theory was unable to  explained the followings observations :

i) Bohr’s model could not explain the spectra of atoms containing more than one of  electron.

ii) It never not explain the Zeeman effect.

   In presence of the magnetic of field, each of  spectral line gets split up to into fine lines, the phenomenon is known as Zeeman effect.

iii) It could not explain the to Stark effect.

   In presence of the electric of field, each spectral line gets split up into fine lines, the phenomenon is known as as the Stark effect.

iv) The main objection to the Bohr’s model was raised by Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.

    According to the  Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, it is impossible to determine the simultaneously the exact position and the momentum of a small moving particle like an electron.

    But, according to Bohr’s model electron moves in well-defined orbits around the nucleus, and hence its position, as well as momentum, can be determined simultaneously, which is against the of  uncertainty principle.

    So, electron moves in well-defined orbits around to the nucleus is impossible.

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Alice is running from city college to lake merced and back. the distance she ran is the same as her displacement is a False statement.

Distance is all covered distance but displacement is shortest distance. Being a vector quantity, displacement has both a magnitude and a direction. The vector (or straight line) distance between an initial and final position is what is meant by this term. Knowing these two places is consequently all that is necessary to determine the resultant displacement.

Calculate the inverse tangent of the ratio of the displacement components in the y- and x-directions to determine the direction of the displacement vector.

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The net force on the sphere that weighs 13.1 N and displaces 5.1 N of water if it is dropped into a container of water is 8 N

Net force = Fg - Fb

Fg = Force of gravity

Fb = Buoyant force

Fg = 13.1 N

Fb = 5.1 N

Net force = 13.1 - 5.1

Net force = 8 N

The direction is towards the force of gravity since Fg > Fb

Buoyant force is the upward thrust provided by the water on an object that is either floating or submerged in water. Force of gravity is the force acting on a mass due to the presence of gravity. It is also called as weight.

Therefore, the net force on the sphere is 8 N downwards

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The current through the lamp is 0.4A.

Calculation:-

electric powered strength = Voltage×modern-day

P = VI................Equation 1

Make I the problem of the equation

I = P/V.............Equation 2

Given: P = ninety six J/s, V = 230 V.

alternative into equation 2

I = 96/230

I = 0.4A.

His 3 predominant classes of electric lights are incandescent bulbs which produce mild through a filament this is heated to incandescence by using an electric powered current. relying on length and sort bulbs eat between 2 and 100 watts of power. traditional incandescent bulbs use 25-100W and LED bulbs use 2-18W. An incandescent bulb attracts about one hundred ten volts typically much less than 1 amp.

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The velocity of a rollercoaster car is 35.36 m/s.

The rate at which a body's displacement changes in relation to time is known as its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction. SI unit of velocity is meter/second.

Given parameters:

Mass of the rollercoaster; M = 7600 kg.

Kinetic energy of the rollercoaster; E = 4750000 Joules.

We have to find, the velocity of the rollercoaster; v = ?

We know that, Kinetic energy = 1/2× mass × velocity²

⇒ E = 1/2 × mv²

⇒ 4750000 = 1/2 × 7600 × v²

⇒ v = √(2×4750000/7600)

⇒ v =  35.36 m/s.

Hence, the velocity of the rollercoaster is 35.36 m/s.

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