The RN is aware that appropriate discharge instructions should state that 2 sets of gloves should always be worn when preparing chemotherapy medications, used needles or syringes should be placed in a plastic container designated for chemotherapy, and waste should be placed in chemo bags and collected by medical supply companies.
Chemotherapy, also referred to as CTx, is a form of cancer care that entails the administration of one or more anti-cancer drugs as a part of a predetermined chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy can be used to treat diseases, increase lifespan, or lessen their effects (palliative chemotherapy). One of the main subspecialties of the medical field known as medical oncology, which is dedicated exclusively to pharmacotherapy for cancer, is chemotherapy.
To reduce exposure to chemotherapy medications at home, abide by following safety recommendations.
1) Use reusable gloves
2) Carefully handle the clothes
3) Employ a plastic container
4) Remove spillage
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The complete question is:
An oncology client w/ a Hickman catheter is being discharged to receive chemo via cassette pump at home. The RN is aware that discharge instructions should include what information? Select all that apply.
1 always use 2 pairs of gloves when preparing chemo meds
2 discarded chemo cassettes and tubing can be placed in regular trash
3 used needles or syringes must be placed into plastic chemo receptacle
4 linens soiled w/ chemo drugs can be washed w/ regular laundry
5 waste is placed into chemo bags and picked up by medical supplies
a 3 year old child is being treated for asthma. the child weighs 31.5 lb (14.3 kg). the primary healthcare provider has prescribed albuterol syrup 5 mg po every 8 hours. what action should the nurse take?
The nurse should administer 0.83 mL of albuterol syrup every 8 hours to the 3 year old child weighing 31.5 I b (14.3 kg).
What is the best treatment for asthma in children?The best treatment for asthma in children depends on the severity of the condition. Generally, doctors will prescribe medications such as inhaled corticosteroids and/or bronchodilators to reduce inflammation in the airways and help prevent asthma symptoms. Proper use of medication is important to keep the asthma under control. Additionally, avoiding triggers that can worsen asthma symptoms, such as pet dander, tobacco smoke, and dust mites, is essential in achieving and maintaining good asthma control. Lastly, parents should be sure their child receives a yearly physical exam and immunizations to help avoid the onset of any illnesses that could trigger asthma symptoms. With the right treatment and preventative measures, children can live healthy, happy lives despite their asthma.To learn more about asthma refer to:
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The nurse should administer 0.83 mL of albuterol syrup every 8 hours to the 3 year old child weighing 31.5 I b (14.3 kg).
What is the most effective treatment for childhood asthma?The best treatment for asthma in children depends on the severity of the condition. Generally, doctors will prescribe medications such as inhaled corticosteroids and/or bronchodilators to reduce inflammation in the airways and help prevent asthma symptoms.Proper use of medication is important to keep the asthma under control. Additionally, avoiding triggers that can worsen asthma symptoms, such as pet dander, tobacco smoke, and dust mites, is essential in achieving and maintaining good asthma control.Lastly, parents should be sure their child receives a yearly physical exam and immunizations to help avoid the onset of any illnesses that could trigger asthma symptoms.To know more about asthma, visit:
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it is recommended that personal service workers such as nurses, doctors, teachers and salon professionals be inoculated against which infectious disease?
The infectious disease is Viral Hepatitis B. The hepatitis B virus, which can be prevented by vaccination, causes hepatitis B, a liver infection (HBV).
What is meant by HBV?By way of blood, sperm, or other bodily fluids, the virus is spread from one person to another. Sneezing or coughing won't help spread it. HBV is frequently transmitted through: physical intimacy. This test has a Not Detected normal range. 1.00-9.00 log IU/mL (10-1,000,000,000 IU/mL) is the quantitative range for this test. If "Not Detected," the existence of inhibitors in the patient samples or an HBV DNA concentration below the test's detection threshold is not ruled out.The main viral protein of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that circulates in patient serum is called hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and it is a crucial virologic marker for determining the severity of chronic HBV infection and the effectiveness of antiviral treatment.To learn more about HBV refer to:
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an adult patient with a history of recurrent sinusitis and allergic rhinitis reports chronic tearing in one eye, ocular discharge, and eyelid crusting. the provider suspect nasolacrimal duct obstruction. which initial treatment will the provider recommend?
Warm compress is the initial treatment will the provider recommend.
What symptoms does the patient experience other than tearing, ocular discharge, and eyelid crusting?The patient may also experience irritation, redness, burning, or itching of the eyes. The patient may also experience sensitivity to light, blurred vision, or excessive blinking. Patients may also experience a gritty or sandy feeling in their eyes, as well as pain or discomfort. In severe cases, the patient may experience swelling of the conjunctiva, which is the thin membrane that lines the inside of the eyelid and the white of the eye. In some cases, the patient may experience a foreign body sensation, meaning they may feel as if something is stuck in their eye. Additionally, the patient may experience a decrease in vision, as well as a feeling of heaviness in the eyelids. Finally, the patient may experience a discharge that is watery and yellow or green in color.To learn more about allergic rhinitis refer to:
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a client with invasive carcinoma of the bladder is scheduled for a cystectomy and an ileal | conduit. the client expresses worries about the possibility of offensive odors associated with- the urinary diversion. how would the nurse respond?
The nurse responds "Tell me more about what you are thinking."
Bladder cancer is any of the many types of cancer that can occur in the tissues of the urinary bladder. Symptoms include blood in the pee, urinating difficulty, and low back pain. Cancerous epithelial cells that line the bladder cause it. The stage of the cancer determines the treatment.
Smoking, family history, prior radiation therapy, recurrent bladder infections, and chemical exposure are all risk factors for bladder cancer. The most common kind is transitional cell cancer. Two other types are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. To make a diagnosis, cystoscopy and tissue samples are frequently employed. Cancer staging is determined by transurethral resection and medical imaging.
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the nurse places inflatable compression sleeves on the legs of a client undergoing a cesarean birth under regional anesthetic. when does the nurse tell the client that the sleeves will be removed?
At the beginning of a caesarean section, six separate layers of the abdominal wall and uterus are opened individually. Once the baby is delivered the uterus is closed with a double layer of stitching.
when does the nurse tell the client that the sleeves will be removed?
The areas that are considered “clean” are the parts that will be touched when removing PPE. These include inside the gloves; inside and back of the gown, including the ties; and the ties, elastic, or ear pieces of the mask, goggles and face shield.Removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Perform hand hygiene immediately on removal.All PPE should be removed before leaving the area and disposed of as healthcare waste.They derive of a fluid-resistant, material and are designed to protect the patient and wearer from the transfer of microorganisms, body fluids, and particulate matter. As with masks, gowns can be worn for up to 4 hours and should be changed if soiled, damp or if the wearer needs to take a break.To learn more about cesarean refers to:
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a patient has a gradually enlarging nodule on one upper eyelid and reports that the lesion is painful. on examination, the lesion appears warm and erythematous. the provider knows that this is likely to be which type of lesion?
The provider knows that this is likely to be Hordeolum type of lesion.
Skin lesions are spots of your skin that vary from the surrounding skin. Skin lesions are frequent and can be caused by an accident or damage to your skin, such as sunburn. They might be a symptom of underlying problems such as infections or autoimmune diseases.
Skin lesions are patches of skin that vary from the surrounding skin. They are frequently lumps or patches, and they can be caused by a variety of conditions. A skin lesion is defined by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery as an abnormal lump, bump, ulcer, sore, or pigmented region of the skin. A developing lesion can damage healthy tissue while weakening the bone, making it more prone to fractures.
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which individual has a valid reason to take a vitamin/mineral supplement? a. someone who is addicted to drugs or alcohol b. someone who is feeling tired and wants a supplement to provide energy c. someone who believes that food grown on today's soils lack nutrients d. someone who is stressed and does not get enough exercise
Someone who is addicted to drugs or alcohol.
Are vitamin supplements necessary?Most people do not need to take vitamin supplements and can get all the vitamins and minerals they need by eating a healthy, balanced diet. Vitamins and minerals, such as iron, calcium and vitamin C, are essential nutrients that your body needs in small amounts to work properlyThe best time to take fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin D, A, and K is with a meal containing fats. You should take water-soluble vitamins like vitamin C, B12, and B6 in the morning on an empty stomach. Take multivitamins or prenatal vitamins with a meal or snack containing fat and a glass of water
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a nurse is working with community officials to decrease the incidence of violence in the community. which primary preventive measures might the nurse suggest?
Nursing professionals must wash and disinfect their hands, properly wear personal protective equipment, and handle sharp objects in a safe manner in order to follow the necessary precautions.
Which of the nurse's actions points to the proper application of conventional precautions?Nursing professionals must wash and disinfect their hands, properly wear personal protective equipment, and handle sharp objects in a safe manner in order to follow the necessary precautions.Stroke can be prevented both directly and indirectly by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, which includes not using tobacco, eating well, and exercising regularly. In the general population and during the acute phase of a hemorrhagic stroke, it is crucial to control excessive blood pressure.Stroke can be prevented both directly and indirectly by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, which includes not using tobacco, eating well, and exercising regularly.To learn more about Nursing professionals refer to:
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f 5 * according to published estimates, why do you suspect the impact of health care on premature deaths in the us is relatively small compared to other factors?
The idea that modern healthcare significantly increases life expectancy in developed nations serves as a common justification for health care spending and financing for scientific research.
Why do you think that health care will have an impact?We looked at 4 alternative approaches for calculating the impact of medical care upon health outcomes.The RAND Healthcare Insurance Experiment, Wennberg and colleagues' investigations of local area variance, Park and colleagues' study on County Health Rankings plus Roadmaps, and four method analyses by McGinnis & Schroeder were used to assess the implications of medical treatment to health outcomes.The estimates from the 4 methodologies, which used various data sets, ranged between 0% to 17% of early mortality attributed to access or delivery issues with healthcare. The impact of behavioral variables was estimated to be between 16% and 65%.The findings all point to the possibility that 10% or less of premature deaths or other adverse health outcomes are attributable to limited access to medical treatment.While behavioral and socioeconomic variables may have more significant impacts, health care has only a moderate impact on the expansion of US life expectancy.To learn more about health care refer to;
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when a patient has symptoms that may indicate more than one condition, what must the practitioner do first?
The practitioner must make a differential diagnosis.
What is differential diagnosis ?When more than one condition's symptoms closely resemble yours and more testing is required before a proper diagnosis can be made, a differential diagnosis is made. On your healthcare provider's differential diagnosis list of possible ailments, tests will eliminate some of them. The diagnostic procedure that gets rid of mistakes includes a differential diagnosis. In order to avoid putting you in danger, your healthcare provider or doctor's priority is to treat the appropriate condition. Instead of treating symptoms without understanding the cause, your healthcare professional will arrive at the correct diagnosis with the use of additional testing that will help them establish a differential diagnosis. A differential diagnosis could result in an incorrect diagnosis if any step of the diagnostic procedure is missing.
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an unlicensed assistive personnel (uap) is asked to transfer a client with left hemiplegia from the bed to a wheelchair. the nurse tells the uap the safest approach for this transfer is what method?
Use a mechanical lift to move client from the bed into the wheelchair.
What is the safest approach for this transfer?Safety for both personnel and client is paramount when moving a large physically disabled client out of bed and onto a wheelchair. A mechanical lift should be used by the UAP, who should roll the client into the sling, fasten the lift loops, and then let the machine do the actual lifting. For the client's safety and the UAP's safety, this lift is delicate and safe. Get the client out of bed and into a wheelchair using a mechanical lift.When the left side of the body is paralyzed as a result of neurological damage from a stroke or traumatic brain injury, this condition is referred to as left hemiplegia. Fortunately, a lot of people with left hemiplegia have the chance to restore movement on their affected side and enhance their general quality of life. So, option 4 is correct.The complete question is :
An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is asked to transfer a client with left hemiplegia from the bed to a wheelchair. The nurse tells the UAP the safest approach for this transfer is what method?
1. Lift client from edge of bed, supporting under arms and pivot to chair.
2. Utilize a slide board to transfer client from bed to the wheelchair.
3. Apply nan ambulation belt around client's waist and pull into the chair.
4. Use a mechanical lift to move client from the bed into the wheelchair.
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Use a mechanical lift to move client from the bed into the wheelchair.
What is the safest approach for this transfer?Safety for both personnel and client is paramount when moving a large physically disabled client out of bed and onto a wheelchair.A mechanical lift should be used by the UAP, who should roll the client into the sling, fasten the lift loops, and then let the machine do the actual lifting.For the client's safety and the UAP's safety, this lift is delicate and safe.Get the client out of bed and into a wheelchair using a mechanical lift.When the left side of the body is paralyzed as a result of neurological damage from a stroke or traumatic brain injury, this condition is referred to as left hemiplegia.Fortunately, a lot of people with left hemiplegia have the chance to restore movement on their affected side and enhance their general quality of life. So, option 4 is correct.The complete question is :
An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is asked to transfer a client with left hemiplegia from the bed to a wheelchair. The nurse tells the UAP the safest approach for this transfer is what method?
1. Lift client from edge of bed, supporting under arms and pivot to chair.
2. Utilize a slide board to transfer client from bed to the wheelchair.
3. Apply nan ambulation belt around client's waist and pull into the chair.
4. Use a mechanical lift to move client from the bed into the wheelchair.
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which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client with partial hypertension and esophageal varices
An instruction plan for a patient having partial hypertension or esophageal varices should contain the following: Try not to squeeze yourself when using the restroom. Don't do too much heavy lifting. Before using aspirin, a physician should be contacted.
What are esophageal varices and hypertension?High blood pressure, often known as hypertension, is blood pressure that really is greater than normal. Your blood pressure alterations are influenced by your regular activities. If blood pressure measurements are often over normal, hypertension may be identified (or hypertension).Some of the symptoms include early-morning headaches, nosebleeds, irregular heartbeats, changes in vision, and ear ringing. Severe hypertension can cause weariness as well as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, anxiety, and trembling of the muscles.Esophageal varices are abnormal, swollen veins in the canal that joins the neck and stomach (esophagus). The most frequent cause of this illness among people affected is severe liver issues. Esophageal varices develop whenever a clot or scarring tissue inside the liver restricts blood flow normally to a liver.Avoid squeezing yourself to go to the bathroom.Limit your hard lifting.A doctor should be consulted before using aspirin.To learn more about hypertension refer to:
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the nurse is conducting a physical examination of an 18-month-old with suspected intussusception. which finding would the nurse identify as the hallmark of this condition? a) skin tenting b) perianal skin tags c) abdominal pain and guarding d) a sausage-shaped mass in the upper midabdomen
Nerves fail to form in all or part of the large intestine (colon). Waste from digestion cannot pass through the part of the colon lacking nerve tissue. The normal colon swells with blocked stool
what is skin tenting?
The skin is very slow to return to normal, or the skin "tents" up during a check. This can indicate severe dehydration that needs quick treatment. You have reduced skin turgor and are unable to increase your intake of fluids (for example, because of vomiting)Skin turgor refers to the elasticity of your skin. When you pinch the skin on your arm, for example, it should spring back into place with a second or two. Having poor skin turgor means it takes longer for your skin to return to its usual position. It's often used as a way to check for dehydration.The skin is very slow to return to normal, or the skin "tents" up during a check. This can indicate severe dehydration that needs quick treatment. You have reduced skin turgor and are unable to increase your intake of fluids (for example, because of vomiting).To learn more about skin refers to:
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the nurse is caring for a postoperative client. the health care provider has written a prescription for a pain medication, and the prescription gives a dosage range for the amount the nurse may give depending on the severity of the client's pain. this type of functioning within the health care team is called:
A client who has recently undergone surgery is being cared for by the nurse; this is an example of collaborative functioning within the healthcare team.
What exactly is healthcare team collaboration?Health care professionals are said to collaborate when they take on complementary tasks, work constructively, share responsibility for decision-making, and develop and implement strategies for patient care.To describe health care teams, people frequently use the words interprofessional, multiprofessional, interdisciplinary, and multidisciplinary.A client who has recently undergone surgery is being cared for by the nurse; this is an example of collaborative functioning within the healthcare team.Health care professionals are said to collaborate when they take on complementary tasks, work constructively, share responsibility for decision-making, and develop and implement strategies for patient care.To learn more about healthcare team refer to:
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which nursing action represents measures taken to protect the client from a mode of infection transmission in the chain of infection?
The nursing actions that indicate measures taken to protect the client from a form of spreading infection in the chain of infection are as follows:
"Donning personal protection equipment" (1)"Disposing of soiled gloves in the appropriate receptacle" (3)"Wearing gloves when coming into contact with the client's secretions" (4)"Performing hand hygiene after the removal of soiled gloves" (6)
The first is wearing PPE or personal protection equipment. This prevents the infectious agent from touching the nurse's hands and spreading to other customers. Next, properly disposing of dirty gloves prevents infectious organisms from spreading outside the contagious client's room. When handling client secretions, nurses should always wear gloves. Infection management requires handwashing. Washing or using an alcohol-based sanitizer both before and after glove removal decreases infection risk. When secretions are present, gloves and appropriate hand cleanliness help prevent the nurse's hands from spreading infections.
This question should be provided with options, which are:
Donning personal protection equipment.Administering the Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) immunization to a child.Disposing of soiled gloves in the appropriate receptacle.Wearing gloves when coming into contact with client's secretions.Teaching importance of long pants and sleeves and insect repellent to reduce the risk of West Nile Virus.Performing hand hygiene after removal of soiled gloves.The correct answers are 1, 3, 4 and 6.
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difference between humoral and cell mediated immunity ?
Answer:
Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies produced by B-lymphocytes and responsible for protecting against extracellular pathogens, while cell-mediated immunity is mediated
Explanation:
In contrast to cell-mediated immunity, which relies mostly on mature T cells, macrophages, and the production of cytokines in response to an antigen, humoral immunity produces antigen-specific antibodies instead of depending on antibodies for its adaptive immunological activities. Antibody-mediated immunity is another name for homunculus immunity. B cells will develop into plasma B cells, which may manufacture antigen-specific antibodies, with the aid of helper T cells. Cell-mediated immunity normally kicks in when cells are attacked by a virus, bacterium, or fungus at specific body areas (intracellular invaders). T cells are also capable of identifying malignant cells with the aid of MHC class I proteins.
the nurse is monitoring the status of a client in active labor. the nurse interprets that which findings are consistent with dystocia? select all that apply
A high level of mother worry, signs of fetal distress, and the failure of the fetus to descend are all indicators of dystocia.
What is dystocia?"Dystocia" (difficult or obstructed labor)2 refers to a wide range of conditions, from "abnormally" sluggish cervix dilation or fetal descent during active labor to entrapment of the fetal shoulders following head delivery ("shoulder dystocia," an obstetric emergency). An unusual or challenging birth is referred to as dystocia. The uterus' inertia and the birth canal's insufficient size are examples of maternal causes, as are fetal causes (oversized fetus, abnormal orientation as the fetus enters the birth canal). In other breeds, the problem is more prevalent.Unusual delayed or prolonged labor is referred to as labor dystocia. It can be detected during the first stage of labor (from the start of contractions until full cervical dilating) or the second stage of labor (complete cervical dilation until delivery).To learn more about dystocia, refer to:
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a nurse is reviewing the medical record of a woman who has given birth vaginally. the record reveals that the client required a right mediolateral episiotomy during birth. when assessing the client, the nurse would inspect which area to evaluate the status of the episiotomy?
The nurse would inspect the perineal area to evaluate the status of the episiotomy.
Does the episiotomy site appear red, swollen, or inflamed?Yes, the episiotomy site is likely to appear red, swollen, and inflamed in the days following the birth. This is very normal and is a result of the trauma caused by the episiotomy. The client may also experience some pain and soreness in the area, along with some slight discharge. The nurse should assess the episiotomy site for signs of infection such as increased redness, swelling, and pain, as well as any unusual odor or discharge. The nurse should also ask the client about her pain level and provide her with instructions on how to care for the area. This can include warm sitz baths and applying an ice pack to help reduce swelling. The nurse should also remind the client to take steps to promote healing such as avoiding strenuous activities, refraining from sexual intercourse, and keeping the area clean and dry. It is also important to watch for signs of infection, such as fever, chills, and foul-smelling discharge.To learn more about episiotomy refer to:
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a client just had a total hip replacement and is experiencing restlessness and changes in mentation. which complication would the nurse consider the client may be experiencing based on these responses?
A client who recently underwent a complete hip replacement is uneasy and showing behavioural abnormalities. Based on the client's reactions, the nurse assumes that the client may be experiencing the complication of hypovolemic shock.
An emergency situation known as hypovolemic shock occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body due to significant blood or other fluid loss. Blood loss from significant injuries or large blood vessel ruptures is the most frequent cause of hypovolemic shock. Hemorrhagic shock is what this is. Additionally, it can be acquired by burns, acute vomiting, or even bleeding heavily during pregnancy. Patients who have lost too much fluid may have cramping, orthostatic hypotension, and/or thirst. Abdominal or chest discomfort may be experienced as a result of mesenteric and coronary ischemia caused by severe hypovolemic shock. Brain hypoperfusion can also cause agitation, drowsiness, or confusion.
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Mrs. Jones recovered from her recent hospitalization for treatment of AKI secondary to pyelonephritis. During her hospitalization, it was discovered that Mrs. Jones has developed early signs of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) evident by her increasing fatigue and difficulty controlling her high blood pressure over the years. During her hospitalization, an echocardiogram (ECG) was performed which showed that she currently has a 40% ejection fraction as well as mild left ventricular hypertrophy. Upon discharge, her antihypertensive regimen was changed to the following;
Discontinue
Lisinopril 10mg PO daily
Start
Metoprolol (Lopressor) 25mg PO BID
Furosemide (Lasix) 20mg PO daily
Continue the following
Ibuprofen 800mg PO q 6 hrs for moderate pain (4-6 verbal scale)
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen 5/325mg PO q 4 hrs for severe pain (7-10)
Aspirin 81mg PO q day
Vitamin D 800IU q HS
Calcium 600mg q HS
Hydroxychloroquine 400mg q day
Please answer the following questions about the pharmacological management of Mrs. Jones;
Which of the listed medications are prescribed to address Mrs. Jones new diagnosis of CHF?
Briefly describe how each of these medications help with CHF (ex: inotrope, reduce peripheral vascular resistance, etc.) BE SPECIFIC and use your drug book as a guide.
Are there safety concerns the patient needs to be aware of with these medications (Hint: synergistic effects? Self-assessments prior to administration?) If so, what are they?
What precautions/assessments need to be taken as the nurse when administering these medications to Mrs. Jones?
What important educational points does the nurse need to give Mrs. Jones regarding the newly prescribed medications?
Pyelonephritis is kidney inflammation that is usually brought on by a bacterial infection. The most typical symptoms are fever and discomfort in the flanks.
Which of the listed medications are prescribed to address Mrs. Jones new diagnosis of CHF?Metoprolol is a beta blocker that is commonly prescribed for congestive heart failure. Aspirin is a blood thinner that has been known to be prescribed to patients with heart disease. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that rids the body of excess fluids and sodium in urine which helps relieve the heart’s workload.
Briefly describe how each of these medications help with CHF (ex: inotrope, reduce peripheral vascular resistance, etc.) BE SPECIFIC and use your drug book as a guide.Aspirin thins the blood to lower the risk of blood clotting by inhibiting platelet aggregation by preventing the synthesis of thromboxane A2. Metoprolol suppresses beta1-receptor activation, which lowers blood pressure by preventing the release of renin from the kidneys, relieving symptoms of heart failure. In the loop of Henle, furosemide prevents salt and water absorption and promotes urine production. This aids in the treatment of CHF because it lowers blood pressure, decreases cardiac output, and reduces intracellular and extracellular fluid volume.
Are there safety concerns the patient needs to be aware of with these medications (Hint: synergistic effects? Self-assessments prior to administration?) If so, what are they?The patient should be aware that taking aspirin together with diuretics like furosemide may lessen its efficacy, particularly if the patient has renal impairment, which she has given that she was treated for AKI. Additionally, she should be informed that combining NSAIDs with aspirin might raise the risk of GI side effects, and that ibuprofen in particular may have diminished cardioprotective and stroke-preventive properties. The patient should be aware that NSAIDs may lessen Metoprolol's therapeutic effectiveness. The patient using furosemide has to be advised that NSAID use, along with Ibuprofen use, may impair diuresis, and that strongly acidic solutions should be avoided.
What precautions/assessments need to be taken as the nurse when administering these medications to Mrs. Jones?For Metoprolol, the assessments that need to be done before administering the drug include cardiovascular assessment as this drug can further depress myocardial contractility, worsening heart failure and to monitor for bronchospasm and dyspnea, as the drug competitively blocks beta2-adrenergic receptors in bronchial and vascular smooth muscles. For Furosemide, the nurse needs to assess the patient’s weight before and periodically during therapy to monitor fluid loss. The nurse should also monitor blood pressure, hepatic and renal function, as well as BUN, blood glucose, and serum creatinine, electrolyte and uric acid levels. For aspirin, the nurse should assess cardiovascular and respiratory function, as well as GI function, as this drug can cause CNS depression, GI bleeding and tinnitus.
What important educational points does the nurse need to give Mrs. Jones regarding the newly prescribed medications?To avoid disrupting the patient's sleep by increasing the urge to pee, it is recommended to take the once-daily dose of furosemide in the morning. It should also be given with food or milk to reduce GI distress. Additionally, as the medicine may result in orthostatic hypotension, she should be urged to walk slowly, eat foods high in potassium, and consume less salt. When using metoprolol, the patient should be instructed to never crush or chew the drug and to take it at the same time each day. They should be instructed to keep an eye on their heart rate and to alert their provider if it drops below 60 BPM.
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the nurse is providing information to the family of a child about a synthetic cast that has been applied to the child for the treatment of a clubfoot. which information would the nurse provide to the mother?
"The foot should be kept elevated for the first 24 to 48 hours."
"Reposition the infant every 2 to 4 hours until cast is thoroughly dried."
"The edges of the cast can be 'petaled' with small pieces of moleskin or adhesive tape."
Clubfoot describes a number of foot abnormalities normally gift at birth (congenital) wherein your infant's foot is twisted out of form or role. In clubfoot, the tissues connecting the muscles to the bone (tendons) are shorter than standard. Clubfoot is a reasonably commonplace delivery illness and is commonly an isolated hassle for an otherwise healthy new child.Clubfoot can be slight or excessive. about half of of youngsters with clubfoot have it in both ft. in case your infant has clubfoot, it's going to make it harder to stroll usually, so doctors normally suggest treating it quickly after start.
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the nurse is performing a breast assessment. which statement made by the client indicates a risk of breast cancer? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may be correct.
The nurse is performing a breast assessment. Which statement made by the client indicates the risk of breast cancer.
"My first child was born when I was 32." "I noticed a slight discharge from a nipple." "I consume two to four glasses of alcohol a day."What was the risk of breast cancer? Females are more likely than men to develop breast cancer.Breast lumps, bloody nipple discharge, and changes in the texture or form of the nipple or breast are all indications of breast cancer.The type of cancer being treated depends on its stage. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery could all be used. Even though you might not feel it, the first sign of breast cancer is typically a lump in the breast that causes no pain. Instead, a simple screening mammography can identify a lot of abnormalities.Breast cancers can be soft, rounded, tender, or even painful, but they are more likely to be a painless, hard mass with uneven edges.
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a nurse admitting a client to the hospital is completing the medication profile (or medication history). which information should be included
While a nurse admitting a client to the hospital there is completing the medication profile or medication history of the client and it includes medications and their dosage.
A patient's drug therapy is documented in their patient medication profile (PMP). By improving the pharmacist's capacity to carry out his professional responsibilities effectively, the profile can help provide patients with better treatment. The chance of a patient having a pharmaceutical misadventure can be reduced in part by having an accurate drug profile, but these profiles are usually erroneous and untrustworthy, according to Angus Thompson.
By doing this, there will be less chance of medication duplication or adverse interactions between different prescriptions. Doctors who are familiar with and have access to medication history of the client will be aware of any potential adverse drug combinations or allergies.
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what are the criteria usually used for determining whether a live virus vaccine is contraindicated in adults with hiv?
CD4 counts less than 200 is the criteria usually used for determining whether a live virus vaccine is contraindicated in adults with HIV.
People with CD4 counts under 200 should not receive live virus vaccines since they include a short burst of the virus and could result in a mild version of the illness. Thankfully, the majority of HIV/AIDS vaccines are "immobilised" vaccines, that really don't carry a viable pathogen.
The virus known as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) targets the immune system of the body. AIDS can develop from HIV if it is not managed. There isn't a cure that works right now. People who contract HIV are permanently infected.
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the client was seen and treated in the emergency department (ed) for a concussion. before discharge, the nurse explains the signs/symptoms of a worsening condition. the nurse determines that the family needs further teaching if they state they will return to the ed if the client experiences which sign/symptom?
Minor headache
Why am I suffering from a mild headache?Headaches can be caused by a hit to the head or, in rare situations, be an indication of a more serious medical condition. Stress. Emotional stress and despair, as well as the use of alcohol, missing meals, changing sleep habits, and taking too much medicine are all factors. Poor posture can also cause neck and back discomfort.
Minor headaches are little more than annoyances that may be alleviated with an over-the-counter pain medicine, some food or coffee, or a brief rest. However, if your headache is severe or uncommon, you should be concerned about a stroke, tumor, or blood clot. Fortunately, such issues are uncommon.
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what is the justification as part of the sdwa surface water treatment rule (swtr) for considering turbidity to be a health-related parameter, rather than an aesthetic parameter?
Reduced sickness brought on by microorganisms in drinking water is the goal of the Surface Water Treatment Rules (SWTRs).
What is surface water treatment rule?Reduced sickness brought on by microorganisms in drinking water is the goal of the Surface Water Treatment Rules (SWTRs). Legionella, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium are a few of the microorganisms that cause disease. Water filtration and disinfection systems are mandated by the SWTRs for surface water sources. Coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection are common processes used in public water systems to treat water. Other than the Great Lakes, all of the nation's lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams are considered to be inland surface waterways. Lakes can be separated from marshes by their size and depth. the property owner's legal entitlement to watercourses that border their land and include water (such as streams, rivers, etc.).
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a patient has an irregularly shaped wound at the left medial malleolus. the skin around the wound is darkened. the underlying cause of this wound is most likely:
Because this area typically experiences the most venous pressure as a result of venous insufficiency, venous ulcerations are more likely to develop there (damaged veins).
What is a medial malleolus?At the point where the bones meet in the ankle joint, or the articular surface, medial malleolar fractures affect this area. The break may occur on its own, although it typically follows traumas to the outside of the ankle or a fracture of the smaller of the two lower leg bones, the fibula. However, at the beginning, you'll find it simpler to use crutches. You can walk on your foot as long as it's comfortable for you. Elevating it will assist because swelling frequently gets worse at night. You have been given a boot, but it does not help the healing of the fracture; it is solely for your comfort.Medial side ankle discomfort can be brought on by stress fractures of the medial malleolus.To learn more about medial malleolus refer to:
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to diagnose alzheimer disease, the health care provider would order which test to detect apolipoprotein e4 (apoe4)?
In order to diagnose Alzheimer's disease, apolipoprotein e4 (apoe4) is found by genetic testing.
Alzheimer's disease is a chronic condition that progressively impairs memory and other critical mental abilities. Memory and other crucial mental functions are eventually destroyed as a result of the degeneration and death of brain cell connections and the cells themselves. The main signs of it are confusion and memory loss.
Apo E4 genetic testing could be useful for identifying Alzheimer's. The level of folic acid in blood can be checked using a folic acid level test. Electrolytes in blood can be checked using a serum electrolyte test. A complete blood count test can be used to determine a person's overall health. To rule out further treatable causes of dementia or delirium, several tests may be carried out.
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shantay, a 23-year-old woman, has tested positive for hiv. she observes red or purple blotches under her skin. in the context of conditions associated with aids, shantay is most likely suffering from the condition called
They happen when small blood vessels leak blood under your skin's surface. Purpura isn't a medical condition but a sign of another condition causing the bleeding.
What is purple blotches?
Purpura occurs when small blood vessels burst, causing blood to pool under the skin. This can create purple spots on the skin that range in size from small dots to large patches. Purpura spots are generally benign, but may indicate a more serious medical condition, such as a blood clotting disorder.Over time, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays weakens the connective tissues that hold the blood vessels in their place. This weakness makes the blood vessels fragile, which means that even after a minor bump, red blood cells can leak into the deeper layers of the skin, causing the distinctive purpura to appear.Henoch-Schonlein purpura (also known as IgA vasculitis) is a disorder that causes the small blood vessels in your skin, joints, intestines and kidneys to become inflamed and bleed. The most striking feature of this form of vasculitis is a purplish rash, typically on the lower legs and buttocks.
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Shantay has tested positive for HIV and she observes red or purple blotches under her skin. Shantay is most likely suffering from the condition called Kaposi's sarcoma.
Define Kaposi's sarcoma.An instance of cancer that develops in the lining of blood and lymph vessels is Kaposi's sarcoma. On the legs, foot, or face, Kaposi's sarcoma tumors (lesions) often present as painless purple patches. In addition, lesions may appear in the vagina, lymph nodes, or mouth.
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), commonly known as the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is the virus that causes Kaposi's sarcoma (KSHV). It is believed that the virus spreads through sexual activity, by blood or saliva, or when a woman gives birth to her child.
To diagnose Kaposi sarcoma, doctors often perform a biopsy in which they take a tiny sample of tissue from the skin lesion for microscopic inspection.
The risk of Kaposi's sarcoma is higher in those who have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS. HIV weakens the immune system, which promotes the growth of HHV-8-carrying cells.
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a child with sickle cell anemia is being discharged after treatment for a crisis. which instructions for avoiding future crises should the nurse provide to the client and his family? select all that apply.
To assist prevent upcoming sickle cell crises, the nurse should propose a preventive measure are take in adequate oxygen, Keep your fluid intake high, Stay away from extreme cold or heat.
What should people with sickle cells stay away from?Exercise should be somewhat intensive but should be avoided if you have sickle cell disease. While you should be active, it is recommended to avoid activities that make you really out of breath.Acute chest syndrome, a dangerous lung illness that can lead to dehydration from drinking, is something you should avoid.To assist prevent upcoming sickle cell crises, the nurse should propose a preventive measure are, Take in adequate oxygen, Keep your fluid intake high, Stay away from extreme cold or heat, Decrease your risk of contracting infections and treat them as soon as they arise, Visit a general practitioner.Take in adequate oxygen, Keep your fluid intake high, Stay away from extreme cold or heat, Decrease your risk of contracting infections and treat them as soon as they arise, Visit a general practitioner.To learn more about sickle cell crises refer to:
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