Animals can be trained to perform many behaviors through _____; that is, by providing well-timed rewards as the animals progressively better approximate the desired behaviors.

Answer:

Changes to Earth's climate driven by increased human emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases are already having widespread effects on the environment: glaciers and ice sheets are shrinking, river and lake ice is breaking up earlier, plant and animal geographic ranges are shifting, and plants and trees are blooming ...

Explanation: Global climate change is not a future problem. Changes to Earth’s climate driven by increased human emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases are already having widespread effects on the environment: glaciers and ice sheets are shrinking, river and lake ice is breaking up earlier, plant and animal geographic ranges are shifting, and plants and trees are blooming sooner.

Effects that scientists had long predicted would result from global climate change are now occurring, such as sea ice loss, accelerated sea level rise, and longer, more intense heat waves.

When coffee is added to the milk and than lactose added to the coffee and milk solution glucose will be produced because lactose contain sugar and glucose is present in lactose.

Glucose present in milk is known and lactose and the color of milk is white due to presence of calcium in it. In milk sugar is found in the form of lactose and when milk is added with coffee glucose will be produced.

Coffee is a brownish bean shaped seed which is dried by the farmers and than blended into fine powder the powder is added with milk and sugar and coffee will be prepared. Generally coffee is found in Brazil and other countries.

Therefore, When coffee is added to the milk and than lactose added to the coffee and milk solution glucose will be produced because lactose contain sugar and glucose is present in lactose.

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Answer:biome

Explanation:

A gene is said to be epistasis when its presence suppresses the effect of a gene at another locus.

What'smore, epistasis causes the marginal (i.e., additive) effects of alleles to be dependent on the prevailing genetic background. The additive component of genetic variance is therefore responsible for the immediate response of allele frequencies to selection, although these additive effects may vary over time.

Epistatic gene ,a gene that determines whether or not a trait will be expressed. The system skin color in man , example is independent of the gene responsible for albinism of skin color.

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Answer:Your answer is t cell receptor and epitope

Although neurons have much in common with other cell types, they are structurally and functionally unique. Specialized projections called axons allow neurons to transmit electrical and chemical signals to other cells. Neurons can also receive these signals through root-like extensions known as dendrites.

Neurons are cells responsible for transmitting nerve impulses. Cellular devices are citable cells, that is, they can respond to a membrane stimulus that is different from the electrical potential difference in the cell.

Whit this information we can conclude that Nerve cells, which are also called neurons, are one of the main components of this system. Neurons are a type of cell whose specialty is to receive and conduct impulses to other cells. In addition to neurons, glial cells also make up nervous tissue.

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The majority of nonsyndromic hearing loss is passed down in an autosomal manner. Mutations in the GJB2 gene cause approximately half of all serious autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss; these cases are referred to as DFNB1.

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Explanation:

fishes like Fish like angelfish, neon tetras, discus, and common algae eating catfish live in temperate forests

The F1 progeny of a hybrid between round and wrinkled pure breed cell lines were fully round, not half round and wrinkled, as blending theory would suggest.

"A monohybrid cross is a cross between two individuals having homozygous genotypes that produce the opposite phenotype for a certain genetic characteristic." "A Monohybrid Cross is a cross characteristics of a monohybrid (TT and tt). A monohybrid results in the transfer of one gene.

Mendel's Second Law - the law for independent assortment; the segregation of alleles from one allelic pair during gamete production is independent of the segregation of alleles from another allelic pair.

The ratio of incidence of various phenotypes in just about any cross containing Mendelian traits, particularly the 3:1 ratio demonstrated by the second filial generation with offspring from parents who differ in respect to a single character.

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Answer:

The structure of a prokaryotic cell membrane is much more complicated than the structure of a eukaryotic cell membrane is false.

Explanation:

They are not as complicated but are more simple than that of eukaryotic cells. Organelles  inside membranes are only found in eukaryotes; they are absent in prokaryotes. DNA from prokaryotes is circular as well, but DNA from eukaryotes is linear. Prokaryotes being solely unicellular, but Eukaryotes can develop into multicellular organs. Prokaryotic cells have no membrane-bound organelles, in contrast to eukaryotic cells.  Moreover, prokaryotic cells are much less physically complicated than eukaryotes, but because all of the biomolecules inside prokaryotic cells are moving about together, they are much more chemically complex. Eukaryotic cells are more complicated because organelles are divided into separate compartments. Therefore, they require a more complicated procedure like mitosis, that also evenly distributes the cytoplasm as well as organelles amongst some of the daughter cells.

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Answer: I believe itś genetic information

Explanation:

There are DNA in chromosomes so it would have to be genetic information.

The molecule is produced as a waste product of the metabolism of glucose by cells is carbon dioxide and water.

The glucose undergoes many processes to be completely oxidized and runs through different cycles like glycolysis which is the first cycle the glucose enters into and it forms pyruvic acid or pyruvate by the net release of 2 ATP which is adenosine triphosphate and then it enters into Krebs cycle or also known as TCA cycle .

Where it releases the carbon dioxide as the waste product and then using the chemical energy it enters into electron transport chain or ETC which is also called as hydrogen transport chain releasing 36 ATPs .

Which is the maximum amount of ATPs released which will now be used by the whole body by using O2 or oxygen and releasing out H2O that is water and these waste products which are carbon dioxide and water are released in outside environment through the cell membranes and this process of formation of carbon dioxide and water is the oxidation of glucose to genrate ATP and this whole process is known as cellular respiration.

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Carbon dioxide and water is the molecule is produced as a waste product of the metabolism of glucose by cells.

The step of energy metabolism in which a glucose molecule is converted into two molecules of pyruvic acid, with a balance of two molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is glycolysis.

Living beings need energy, which is normally provided by the energy metabolism of nutrients such as glucose, for example. In glucose metabolism, the first step, called glycolysis, occurs, in which two molecules of pyruvate and two molecules of ATP are produced, which is an anaerobic process. ATP, therefore, acts as a store of energy, being required and used by other cells when needed.

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Four of the 92 naturally occurring elements—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen—compose around 96% of the mass of the human body.

A substance that cannot be converted into another substance is known as an element. Each of the approximately 100 elements has a unique form of atom. Atoms from at least one or more elements are present in everything in the cosmos. All known elements are listed in the periodic table, with those with related properties being grouped together.

The metals and non-metals are the other two basic categories into which the elements can be separated. It is common for metals to be shiny, malleable (able to bend), and electrically conductible. These characteristics are often absent from nonmetals.

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The reasons why the solution could turn from yellow to blue are;

the term indicator has to do with a kind of substance whose color changes in proportion to the concertation of hydrogen ions in the solution. Thus the indicator solution would have different colors in an acidic, basic and neutral solutions. As such, the pH indicator bromothymol blue is blue in an alkaline solution and yellow in an acidic solution.

The combination of factors that would make the color to change from yellow to blue when;

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A tool made to catch insects is a bug vacuum. A bug vacuum can be used to draw insects in and capture them, limiting their escape. This device is marketed as an alternative to utilizing poisonous sprays. Bug vacuums are not just effective but also risk- and toxin-free.

Questions with answer

Making a Science Bug Vacuum Experiment

Water should be put into a container.

Add a few drops of food coloring to the watercolor to give it color.

In the middle of a dish or plate, carefully place and light a candle.

Circulate the candle with the colored water.

Over the candle's top, place an empty, clear glass.

They are mostly used to remove dust and debris from laminated floors, hardwood floors, carpets, velveteen furniture, and upholstery. Cars and stairs are also cleaned using them. Vacuum cleaners come in a variety of types depending on their functions.

If ants are gathered in a single line or concentrated in the same place for some reason, a vacuum is an efficient technique to get rid of them. They can easily be eliminated by running the vacuum over them. Everything there was simple. Actually, the most crucial aspect of your duty is getting rid of the ants.

It takes more than just a quick task to maintain a house clean to vacuum the carpets. Additionally, it might help deter pests. Even though vacuuming by itself won't keep bugs out of your home, it's a crucial step in keeping them under control and avoiding a full-blown infestation.

Vacuum technology is used in a variety of products, including those used on a daily basis. Examples include the freeze-drying or vacuum packaging of food, coating of PET lemonade bottles to prevent the loss of carbon dioxide gas, coating of architectural glass to prevent the loss of thermal energy, and recycling of mercury from batteries or other electronic devices.

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As the body is flooded by an artificial opiate (for example, heroin), the brain stops producing its own natural opiate called endorphins.

Your body releases endorphins as chemicals (hormones) in response to pain or stress. In addition, they are released while engaging in pleasure activities like eating, getting massages, and having sex.. Endorphins aid in pain relief, stress reduction, and overall wellbeing.

According to research, vitamin C controls the release of endorphins. Vitamin C supplements are simple to use, or you can try to get it from your food on its own.

When you hit your stride, your body releases molecules that contain endorphins.. These are the substances that cause "runner's high," a brief but intensely euphoric state that occurs after vigorous activity, according to popular culture.

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Answer:

Biosphere 2 is an American Earth system science research facility located in Oracle, Arizona. Its mission is to serve as a center for research, outreach, teaching, and lifelong learning about Earth, its living systems, and its place in the universe.It is a 3.14-acre (1.27-hectare) structure originally built to be an artificial, materially closed ecological system, or vivarium. It remains the largest closed ecological system ever created.

Constructed between 1987 and 1991, Biosphere 2 was originally meant to demonstrate the viability of closed ecological systems to support and maintain human life in outer space[4] as a substitute for Earth's biosphere. It was designed to explore the web of interactions within life systems in a structure with different areas based on various biological biomes. In addition to the several biomes and living quarters for people, there was an agricultural area and work space to study the interactions between humans, farming, technology and the rest of nature as a new kind of laboratory for the study of the global ecology. Its mission was a two-year closure experiment with a crew of eight humans ("biospherians").Long-term it was seen as a precursor to gain knowledge about the use of closed biospheres in space colonization. As an experimental ecological facility it allowed the study and manipulation of a mini biospheric system without harming Earth's biosphere.

Its seven biome areas were a 1,900-square-meter (20,000 sq ft) rainforest, an 850-square-meter (9,100 sq ft) ocean with a coral reef, a 450-square-meter (4,800 sq ft) mangrove wetlands, a 1,300-square-metre (14,000 sq ft) savannah grassland, a 1,400-square-meter (15,000 sq ft) fog desert, and two anthropogenic biomes: a 2,500-square-meter agricultural system and a human habitat with living spaces, laboratories and workshops. Below ground was an extensive part of the technical infrastructure. Heating and cooling water circulated through independent piping systems and passive solar input through the glass space frame panels covering most of the facility, and electrical power was supplied into Biosphere 2 from an onsite natural gas energy center.

Biosphere 2 was only used twice for its original intended purposes as a closed-system experiment: once from 1991 to 1993, and the second time from March to September 1994. Both attempts, though heavily publicized, ran into problems including low amounts of food and oxygen, die-offs of many animals and plants included in the experiment (though this was anticipated since the project used a strategy of deliberately "species-packing" anticipating losses as the biomes developed), group dynamic tensions among the resident crew, outside politics, and a power struggle over management and direction of the project. Nevertheless, the closure experiments set world records in closed ecological systems, agricultural production, health improvements with the high nutrient and low caloric diet the crew followed, and insights into the self-organization of complex biomic systems and atmospheric dynamics. The second closure experiment achieved total food sufficiency and did not require injection of oxygen.

In June 1994, during the middle of the second experiment, the managing company, Space Biosphere Ventures, was dissolved, and the facility was left in limbo. Columbia University assumed management of the facility in 1995 and used it to run experiments until 2003. It then appeared to be in danger of being demolished to make way for housing and retail stores, but was taken over for research by the University of Arizona in 2007. The University of Arizona took full ownership of the structure in 2011.

Lincoln’s position on the issue of suffrage for Blacks was that only some Blacks should be able to vote.

Abraham Lincoln’s standpoint on suffrage for Blacks is answer D.

Answer:

Only some African Americans should be able to vote.

Explanation:

The behavior of fully committing to the group at the expense of an individual member’s needs is called altruism.

When we take actions to advance the welfare of others, even at risk or expense to ourselves, we are being altruistic. A generous and altruistic person engages in or displays altruistic behavior when they care about the welfare of others. However, many of our society's most significant institutions the fine arts, NGOs, and humanitarian charities rely on the generosity of affluent people with altruistic motives.

Avoiding actions that could benefit you personally if they would cost others. sacrificing oneself or taking a risk to assist someone. Even in times of scarcity, share resources. demonstrating care for the welfare of another person.

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The tissue that is usually well vascularized and has an extensive extracellular matrix is called epithelial tissue.

Therefore, the correct answer is epithelial tissue.

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Answer:

Plasma

Explanation:

Platelets are what heals cuts, Red blood cells are oxygen only and white blood cells are to fight infections.

Implied line creates a sense not only of enclosure and connection, but also movement and direction.

Invisible lines are implied lines. Along with movement and direction, they also produce a sense of enclosure and connectedness. A line that implies the edge of an object or a plane inside of an object is referred to as an implied line in art.

The line may be interrupted by sporadic marks, specified by value, color, or texture, or it may not even be discernible. This is a potent weapon that any artist can employ since, with any inferred line, our brain perceives that the line must exist.

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Answer: Melioidosis, also called Whitmore's disease, is an infectious disease that can infect humans or animals. The disease is caused by the bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei or B. pseudomallei, which is found in contaminated soil and water.

Explanation:

The phrase "theory of evolution by natural selection," put out by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the nineteenth century is more commonly known as the theory of evolution.

Evolution is decided by four principles: variation, inheritance, selection, and time. These are regarded as the elements of natural selection's evolutionary mechanism.

Darwin cited fossil evidence, biogeographical evidence, and anatomical evidence to bolster his idea of evolution through natural selection.

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Answer:

Boreal and northern tundra ecosystems typically obtain carbon (carbon sink) stored in plant biomass and new soil organic matter during the short summer growing season, when photosynthesis and plant growth are greater than normal. normal. carbon respired by plants and soil back into the atmosphere.

Explanation:

Answer:

1. B. majority of them are found along the edges of some continents

2. D. mountain ranges, volcanoes and earthquake epicenters are located in transform fault boundaries.

(b) cranial nerve vii is the cranial nerve carries most taste signals from the tongue to the brain.

The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) and the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) are the two cranial nerves that innervate the tongue and are responsible for taste. The anterior (front) two-thirds of the tongue are innervated by the facial nerve, while the posterior (back) one-third of the tongue is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

The vagus nerve, also known as cranial nerve X, conveys taste information from the back of the mouth. The nucleus of the solitary tract is a region of the brain stem where the cranial nerves transmit taste information to the brain.

Information about tastes travels from the solitary tract's nucleus to the thalamus, then to the cerebral cortex. The limbic system also receives information about taste, just like it does for smell (hypothalamus and amygdala).

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TheThe  formula of maximum heart rate is based on age , substrate your age by 220.

The tissue in your heart may remodel as a result of high blood pressure. For instance, the tissue could thicken in an effort to beat more forcefully. This thicker tissue has a harder time carrying electrical impulses. The longer it takes for electrical impulses to be transmitted,the slower your pulse may become as a result.

You can find your maximum heart rate based on your age. To estimate your maximum age related heart rate , subtrsubtracteacte your age from 220. For example, if you are 65 year old then your heart rate would be

220-65→155 beats per minute.

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Explanation:

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Tropical rainforests are complex ecosystems with a diverse array of organisms, and the interactions between these organisms are vital for the functioning of the ecosystem.

A tropical rainforest is a dense forest found in areas with high annual rainfall and warm, humid climates.

Tropical rainforests are complex ecosystems with a diverse array of organisms, and interactions between these organisms are critical to the ecosystem's functioning.

Food chains, which depict the transfer of energy and nutrients from one organism to another, are one way to describe these interactions. Here are two examples of tropical rainforest food chains:

Insect food chain: Insects are abundant in tropical rainforests and serve as the foundation of many food chains. A food chain, for example, could begin with plant leaves, which are consumed by a caterpillar.

Fruit tree food chain: The fruit tree food chain is another important food chain in a tropical rainforest.

Thus, this interconnectedness is what makes tropical rainforests such diverse and fascinating ecosystems.

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