Assuming the sun's energy is radiated uniformly in all directions, the total power is (π [tex]r . ^{2}[/tex] * σ[tex]R^{2} T^{4}[/tex])/[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
According to Stefan's law, if the sun were a perfect blackbody, its energy output per second would be:
P=σA[tex]T^{4\left \ }[/tex]
(Where P is energy radiated per second and A is the area of the sun.)
⇒P=σ×4π[tex]R^{2} T^{4}[/tex].............(1)
Assuming r>>r., the strength of this power at the earth's surface is
I= P/4π[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
⇒I= σ×4π[tex]R^{2} T^{4}[/tex]/4π[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
(Inserting the value obtained from equation (1))
⇒I= σ[tex]R^{2} T^{2}[/tex]/[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
Due to its great distance from the sun, the earth only receives a small portion of the energy that is radiated. The earth can be visualized as a little disc with a radius equal to that of the planet.
The disc's surface area is [tex]r .^{2}[/tex] hence the earth's total radiant energy as received is:
PE=π[tex]r. ^{2}[/tex]×I
P E = (π [tex]r . ^{2}[/tex] * σ[tex]R^{2} T^{4}[/tex])/[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
Assuming the sun's energy is radiated uniformly in all directions, the total power is (π [tex]r . ^{2}[/tex] * σ[tex]R^{2} T^{4}[/tex])/[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
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3. What are the values of the graduations (unmarked lines) in each of the
following graduated cylinders?
Q
(A)
50
3
graduations =
(B)
50
-40
-30
-20
10
graduations =
(C)
25
-20
-15
10
5
graduations =
The values of the Graduations for A , B and C will be 0.2 ml, 2ml and 1ml respectively.
Graduated Cylinder - A popular piece of scientific equipment used to measure the volume of a liquid is a graduated cylinder, sometimes referred to as a measuring cylinder or mixing cylinder. Its form is slender and cylindrical. Each marked line on the graduated cylinder indicates the volume of liquid that has been measured.
The clear graduated cylinder is widely used for volume measurements and is regarded to be more accurate than a beaker since it contains permanently marked incremental graduations.
To calculate the value of graduations-
1. Subtract the two values to get the value between the labeled graduations.
2. Determine how many spaces there are between the two graduations. Keep in mind that volume equals space.
3. Divide the number of gaps by the value between the graduations.
For cylinder A.
2 ml- 1ml = 1ml
Number of spaces = 5
∴1/ 5 = 0.2
Graduation = 0.2ml
For cylinder B -
20-10 = 10
number of spaces = 5
∴10/ 5 =2
Graduation = 2ml
For cylinder C-
10-5 = 5
Number of spaces= 5
∴5/5 = 1
Graduation = 1ml
Hence , Graduations for A , B and C will be 0.2 ml, 2ml and 1ml respectively.
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Your question is incomplete. Please find the missing image below.
One example of a chemical reaction is when H20 (water) melts and changes its state from ice to liquid.
When water (H₂O) melts and changes its state from ice to liquid is not a example of chemical reaction .it a example of physical change.
A chemical reaction is defined as when one or more substances (reactants) form a new substances ( product ).
When ice melts and changes to water , there will be no new substances is form. water is made up of H₂O and ice is also made up of H₂O. its just a change in the state , solid to liquid. Physical change are the change in which only physical properties of matter changes and no new substances is formed. so, in case of ice to liquid only the change in physical properties changes and physical change is a temporary change . we can turn water to ice by freezing.
Thus, When water (H₂O) melts and changes its state from ice to liquid is not a example of chemical reaction .it a example of physical change.
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What would be the ph of solutions 8 and 9 give a relavent chmeical equation and related ph calculation compare the calculated value and experimental value?
The ph of solutions 8 is 4.75 and the PH of solution 9 is 9.25.
The pH of a solution is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration, which in turn is a measure of its acidity. Pure water dissociates slightly into equal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxyl (OH−) ions.
Now,
CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O
pH = p Ka + log [CH3COONa] /[снз соон]
4.15 +( log 0.10m x 5 mL/ (0.1 Mx 10 mL) - (0.10 x5))
pH= 4.75
Calculated value is less than experimental value.
For solution 9:
NH4NO3 + NaOH -> Na No3 + H2O + NH3
pH = P ka + log( [NH3] [NH4+])
= 9.25 + log ((0.10Mx5 mL) (0.1M x 10.0 mL -0.10 mx 5.0ml).
PH = 9.25
Calculated value is less than experimental value.
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(ch3)3coh draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the tools (for bonds and charges), atoms, and templates toolbars. Online
This molecule is called tert-butyl alcohol, also known as tert-butanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol (IUPAC nomenclature).
All carbon atoms are [tex]sp^{3}[/tex] hybridized. The oxygen atom has the same hybridization, with two of the orbitals being taken by the nonbonding electron pairs, and two by the C-O and the O-H bond.
Tert-butanol is a commonly used polar organic solvent, with a boiling point of 83 degrees Celsius and a density of 0.775 g/mL. Because it has an unusually high freezing point (26 degrees Celsius), pure tert-butanol is often solid at room temperature.
It is colorless, but has a characteristic camphorous smell, and is very miscible with water (dry tert-butanol is usually obtained through distillation over potassium or sodium).
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4NaOH+2H₂CO3→2Na₂CO3+4H2O
What is the mass of 2H₂CO3?
Are the reactants elements or compounds?
Answer:
1. 62 grams 2. Compounds
Explanation:
assuming you want the molar mass, the answer to the 1st question is 62 grams.
The reactants are compounds due to there being 2 or more elements together
Liquid A and Liquid B are clear liquids. They are placed in open containers and allowed
to evaporate. When evaporation is complete, there is a white solid in container A, but
no solid in container B. Fromthese results, what can you infer about the two liquids?
(Choose all that are correct.)
Which of the following is a statement of ideas meant to explain forensic evidence?
Observation
Hypothesis
Theory
Law
4. Recall that you may have seen bubbles of gas forming during the redox reaction. These bubbles are due to a side reaction between some of the aluminum wire and acid (H* ions) formed by the hydrolysis of the copper ions. Write a balanced net ionic reaction that occurs between aluminum metal and acid ions. This is a redox reaction. Which element is oxidized, which element is reduced.
The reaction is single displacement reaction you may have seen bubbles of gas forming during the redox reaction
This bubbles are due to the side reaction between leftover aluminum wire and acid (H⁺) ion formed by the hydrolysis of copper ion in this reaction single displacement reaction are seen here a single displacement reaction or single replacement reaction or exchange of reaction in which element is replaced by another in a compound and in this reaction redox reaction are seen means oxidation and reduction takes place simultaneously called redox an balanced net ionic reaction that occurs between aluminum metal and acid ions are
Al⁺ + H⁻ in that Al is oxidized and H ion is reduced element in that reaction
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Which isotope, when bombarded with bismuth-209, would yield two neutrons and an isotope with atomic number 121 and mass number 299?
The Sr-92 isotope, when bombarded with bismuth-209, would yield two neutrons and an isotope with atomic number 121 and mass number 299
When it comes to nuclear research, there are always new isotopes and elements being created. The Sr-92 isotope is one of the latest discoveries, and it has the potential to change the game when it comes to nuclear power.
When this isotope is bombarded with bismuth-209, it yields two neutrons and an isotope with an atomic number of 121 and a mass number of 299. This is a huge breakthrough because it could potentially be used to create a new form of nuclear power.
There is still a lot of research that needs to be done in order to make this a reality, but the potential is there. It will be interesting to see how this develops in the coming years.
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Guys please help me ‼️‼️
How old are atoms that are made up in a car???
The atoms made up in a car are as old as the car.
Cars are made up from metals and elements which are made up of atoms.
Atoms, which are little bits of matter, are what distinguish one chemical element from the others. A negatively charged core nucleus and one or more orbiting electrons make up an atom. The positively charged nucleus houses one or more protons and neutrons, which are relatively heavy particles.
Any material with mass and volume is considered matter because it occupies space. The observable cosmos is made up of matter, which coupled with energy serves as the foundation for all objective occurrences.
Car is consequently matter comprised of atoms.
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What is the best type of graph to use in science when showing the relationship
between 2 variables?
scatter plot
bar graph
histogram
circle graph
Question 6 of 25
Which phrase best describes a car that has negative acceleration?
A. The car is slowing down.
B. The car is moving fast.
C. The car is moving slowly.
Answer:
C. the car is moving slowly
A buffer resists change in ph when ___________ amount of acid or base is added to it.
A buffered solution will resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
How does a buffer withstand pH changes?Buffers are solutions that resist pH changes when small amounts of acid or base are added. They are able to do so because they contain an acidic component, HA, which neutralises OH- ions, and a basic component, A-, which neutralises H+ ions. Because Ka is a constant, the [H+] will be directly proportional to the [HA]/[A-] ratio. Buffer, as defined, is a conjugate acid-base pair that can withstand pH changes when small amounts of strong acids or bases are added. When a strong base is added, the buffer's acid neutralises the hydroxide ions (OH -start superscript, start text, negative, end text, end superscript).The strong acid reacts with the weak base in the buffer to form a weak acid, which produces few H ions in solution and therefore only a little change in pH.To learn more about A buffer resists change in ph refer to
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15. If the density of magnesium is 1.7 g/cm³, how many grams would be needed to fill a container that
has a volume of 25 cm³? You must show your work using dimensional analysis.
1. Which of these properties of an iron nail is a physic
A does not burn when a flame is applied
B. reacts with hydrochloric acid to release hydrogen gas
C. composed of only one piece instead of fragments
D. rusts
Answer:
.
Explanation:
A compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen used in rocket fuels. When burned in an excess of oxygen, a 0. 312 g sample yields 0. 458 g co2 and 0. 374 g h2o. In a separate experiment, the nitrogen content of a 0. 486 g sample is converted to 0. 226 g n2. What is the empirical formula of the compound?.
The empirical formula of the compound is CH₄N (N-methyl amide).
A sample of 0. 312g produces 0.458 g CO₂ and 0.374g H₂O.
The nitrogen content of a 0.486g sample is converted to 0.226g N₂.
Unknown :
The empirical formula of the compound = ?
Moles of C = 0.458g/(44g/mol) = 0.010409 mol
Mass of C = 0.010409 mol * 12
= 0.1249 g
Moles of H = (2*0.374g)/(44g/mol) = 0.0415 mol
Mass of H = 0.0416g
Mass of N in sample = 0.312g - (0.1249g + 0.0415g)
= 0.1456g
Moles of N = 0.1456g/ (14g/mol) = 0.0104 mol
Moles of C : H : N = 0.0104 : 0.0415 : 0.0104
= 1 : 4 : 1
So, the empirical formula of the compound, N-methyl amide is CH₄N.
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When sodium oxide is added dropwise to a buffered solution the_____ component of the buffer consumes the added hydroxide ion
When sodium oxide is dropped into a buffered solution, the buffer's weak acid component consumes the added hydroxide ion.
What exactly is a buffer?A buffer must contain a weak acid and its conjugate base. There are several ways to make a solution containing these two components: buffers can be made from weak acids or bases and their salts.
When the solution contains a buffer, the hydroxide (OH-) ions react with the weak acid in the buffer solution instead of with water, likely to result in water and A- ions.
Thus, the buffer's weak acid absorbs the extra hydroxide ions from the solution.
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Potassium reaches its equilibrium potential when there are equal concentrations of potassium inside and outside the cell. true or false
Statement that potassium reaches its equilibrium potential when there are equal concentrations of potassium inside and outside the cell is false.
Equilibrium potential of potassium at which the electrical and concentration forces are balanced for a potassium ion is not when there are equal concentrations of potassium inside and outside the cell.
Equilibrium potential for potassium ion is negative, because there is difference between concentration of ions of potassium inside and outside the cell.
The sodium-potassium pump releases three Na+ ions, while in the same time two K+ ions exit the cell. For this process one molecule of ATP is consumed.
The concentration of sodium is high outside the cell (extracellular fluid) and the concentration of potassium is high inside the cell (cytoplasm).
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How solve stiochiometry problem easily
Answer:
Balance the equation.Convert units of a given substance to moles.Using the mole ratio, calculate the moles of substance yielded by the reaction.Convert moles of wanted substance to desired units.
The mass required to trigger a mouse trap is 157g. what is the largest mass of cheese a 4 oz. mouse could carry and not set off the trap?
Given,
Mass required to trigger a mouse trap =157grams
Mass of mouse = 4 ounces (oz)
we need to find the largest mass of cheese a mouse should carry to not set off the trap-
Firstly, we need to convert oz into grams
⇒ 4 x 28.3 = 113.2 grams
∴Mass of cheese in grams = 113.2
For the mouse to not set off the trap, mass of mouse + mass of cheese should be less than 157 grams.
⇒113.2 + mass of cheese < 157
⇒ Mass of cheese < 157 - 113.2
Mass of cheese < 43.8 gm
Hence, the mouse should carry a cheese of 43.8 grams to not set off the trap.
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The mouse should carry a 43.8 grams block of cheese in order to avoid setting off.
Given,
A mouse trap requires 157 grams of mass to set off.
Mouse weight is 4 ounces (oz)
To avoid setting off the trap, we need to determine how much cheese a mouse should be able to carry.
First, we must change an ounce into grams.
4 x 28.3 equals 113.2 grams.
The mass of cheese is 113.2 grams.
Mass of mouse plus mass of cheese must be less than 157 grams for the mouse to avoid setting off the trap.
113.2 + cheese mass equals 157.
157 cheese mass - 113.2= 43.8 g of cheese total.
Hence, In order to avoid setting off the trap, the mouse should carry a 43.8-gram block of cheese.
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The above shows an immovable chamber at 298 K with a pressure of 450 kPa. If the temperature rises to 377 K, what is the new pressure of the chamber? kPa Round your answer to 3 significant digits. Do not include units in your answer.
Taking into account the Gay-Lussac's law, the new pressure of the chamber is 569.295 kPa.
Gay-Lussac's lawGay-Lussac's law indicates that, as long as the volume of the container containing the gas is constant, as the temperature increases, the gas molecules move faster. Then the number of shocks against the walls increases, that is, the pressure increases.
That is, the gas pressure is directly proportional to its temperature: when there is a constant volume, as the temperature increases, the gas pressure increases, and when the temperature decreases, gas pressure decreases.
Gay-Lussac's law can be expressed mathematically as follows:
P÷T= k
Considering an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
P₁÷T₁= P₂÷T₂
New pressureIn this case, you know:
P₁= 450 kPaT₁= 298 KP₂= ?T₂= 377 KReplacing in Gay-Lussac's law:
450 kPa÷ 298 K= P₂÷ 377 K
Solving:
(450 kPa÷ 298 K)× 377 K= P₂
569.295 kPa= P₂
Finally, 569.295 kPa will be the new pressure.
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Calculate the molar solubility of agcl in a solution made by dissolving 10.0 g of cacl2 in enough water to make up a 1.00 l solution.
Mass of CaCl2 = 10 g.
Volume of solution = 1 L.
To determine the solubility, the concentration of CaCl2 solution has to be determined.
The formula for calculating the Molarity (conc. in mol/L) is:
Molarity = Number of Moles of the solute/Volume of solvent in L
The number of moles of solute is determined using the formula:
Number of moles = Mass in g/Molar mass in g/mol = 10g/110.98 g/mol = 0.09 mole.
Now, Molarity = 0.09/1 = 0.09 M
So, the concentration of CaCl2 is 0.09M
CaCl2 dissociates into Ca2+ and 2Cl− ions as shown below.
CaCl2→Ca2+ + 2Cl−
The concentration of Cl− ions in the solution = 2×0.09M =0.18M.
Substitute these values in the expression for the solubility product
Ksp = [Ag+][Cl−] = s×(s+0.18)
Since the value of Ksp is very low, the value of s will be negligible compared to 0.052, and hence,
(s+0.18) ≈0.18
Ksp = s×0.18
1.8×10^−10 =0.052 s
s = 1.8×10^−10/0.18
s = 10 x 10^-10 or 1 x 10^-9M
Therefore, the solubility of AgCl in the given CaCl2 solution is 1x10^-9 M
What is Molar solubility?The amount of moles of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent before it becomes saturated is known as molar solubility. The amount of solute that dissolves in a liter of solution is most frequently expressed as the number of moles. As a result, it is typically expressed as "M" and measured in moles/liter.
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Darlene had given the guy at the recycling place four hundred aluminum cans with a mass of 53.96 grams each. How many moles of aluminum are in each can? How many molecules of aluminum did Darlene give the recycling guy altogether?
1mol=mass in grams of any element
1mol=6.02 x 10^23 things
1. The number of mole of aluminum in each can is 2 moles
2. The number of molecules of aluminum that Darlene gave to the recycling guy altogether is 4.816×10²⁶ molecules
Description of moleThe mole of a substance is related to it's mass and molar mass according to the following equation:
Mole = mass / molar mass
1. How to determine the mole in each can of aluminumMass of one Al can = 53.96 gMolar mass of Al = 27 g/mol Mole of one Al can =?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of one Al can = 53.96 / 27
Mole of one Al can = 2 moles
2. How to determine the number of moleculeNumber of Al cans = 400Mole of one Al can = 2 molesTotal mole = 2 × 400 = 800 molesNumber of molecules =?From Avogadro's hypothesis,
1 mole of Al = 6.02×10²³ molecules
Therefore,
800 moles of Al = 800 × 6.02×10²³
800 moles of Al = 4.816×10²⁶ molecules
Thus, Darlene gave to the recycling guy a total of 4.816×10²⁶ molecules
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what is the chemical formula for muscotive
The chemical formula of muscovite is given as (KF)₂(Al₂O₃)₂(SiO₂)(H₂O).
What is Muscovite?The mineral muscovite is very useful in the formation of rocks. It is composed of aluminum and potassium in the hydrated form and is part of the mica family. It can be found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks.
Rocks are massive structures which could be found above or below the earth's surface. They are formed by molten magma or by the deposition of materials in layers overtime. Some types of rocks are formed from changes in existing rocks.
The Muscovite could be used in cosmetics as well as to make a paint to shine The chemical formula of muscovite is given as (KF)₂(Al₂O₃)₂(SiO₂)(H₂O). We can see that it contains the elements aluminum, potassium and silicon.
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If you start with 0.10 mol of sulfur in the reaction vessel how many moles of oxygen would need to be added to form so2 , assuming so2 forms exclusively?
The number of mole of oxygen needed for the reaction is 0.1 mole
Balanced equationWe'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This shown below:
S + O₂ --> SO₂
From the balanced equation above,
1 mole of S required 1 mole of O₂
How to determine the mole oxygen neededThe mole of oxygen needed to react with 0.1 mole of sulphur can be obatined as follow:
From the balanced equation above,
1 mole of S required 1 mole of O₂
Therefore,
0.1 mole of S will also require 0.1 mole of O₂
Thus, 0.1 mole of O₂ is needed for the reaction
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When 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 are mixed with 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of NaOHa precipitate forms. How many moles of precipitate is formed? Fe(NO 3 ) 3 (aq)+3 NaOH(aq)-Fe(OH) 3 (s)+3 NaNO 3 (aq)
6.701×10²¹moles of precipitate of iron hydroxide are formed.
How to calculate number of moles ?Number of moles can be calculated using molar mass and Avogadro's number. The formula of which is,
number of moles=1/molar mass×Avogadro's constant
In the question given , by carrying out the reaction between iron nitrate and sodium hydroxide a precipitate of iron hydroxide is going to be formed.
The moles of iron hydroxide can be calculated by substituting the values in the formula,
1/89.86×6.022×10²³=6.701×10²¹ moles.
Hence,6.701×10²¹ moles of precipitate is formed.
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What three resources play a major role in the development in a country?
Answer:
Capital Formation:
Natural Resources:
Marketable Surplus of Agriculture
Conditions in Foreign Trade:
Explanation:
While you are conducting your experiment, you notice that the ball bounces at a different height and in a different direction for each trial. You look at the ground and see it is uneven. What could you do?
Substance
Sodium (Na)
Chlorine (CI)
Sodium Chloride
(NaCl)
Physical
Appearance
Shiny, soft, solid
metal
Greenish gas
C
White crystals
Boiling Point
(°C)
883
-34
1,465
Change When
Added to Water
Which statement best describes the properties of sodium chlorine, and sodium chloride?
A
All have similar physical properties but different chemical properties
B
All have similar chemical properties but different physical properties.
All have similar chemical and physical properties.
D All have different chemical and physical properties.
Forms new
compound
Forms new
compound
Dissolves in water
I gotta say it's D cause all of those all react differently towards another chemical.
Which one of the following pairs cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution? explain why.
a. hno3, nano3
b. sr(oh)2, nahso4
c. na3po4, na2hpo4
d. nh3, nh4cl
e. na2so4, khso4
RbOH, HBr cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution.
What is meant by Buffer Solutions?The pre-equivalence point in the titration of a weak acid is identified by a buffering area. The buffering area forms because of the presence of a conjugate acid-base pair. The pH just slightly changes at this point. Due to this, we may use the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation to estimate the pH at the pre-equivalence point. Additionally, buffer solutions are frequently used in biochemical investigations to keep the pH within a specific range.Strong base (RbOH) and strong acid make up the duo (HBr). We are unable to create a buffer solution as a result. You can create buffer solutions by mixing a weak acid with its conjugate base. The conjugate base or acid is frequently provided as a salt. For instance, option A includes a conjugate acid-base pair in which the ammonium ion is the weak acid and ammonia is the weak base.Hence, RbOH, HBr cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution.
option C is correct.
The correct question is,
Which one of the following pairs cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution?
A) NH3, NH4CI
B) NaC2H3O2, HCl (C2H3O-2)
C) RbOH, HBr
D) KOH, HF
E) H3PO4, KH2PO4
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