At a minimum, your vehicle insurance policy must provide coverage of ______ for injury or death of one person. A. $15,000. B. $30,000. C. $10,000.

Thus, the efficient probability that the contract is breached is found as  0.76.

Given,

A has signed a contract with B to buy a machine at a price of $920.

A's value for the machine is $1000. At the time of signing the contract, B's cost of making the machine is a random variable subject to the following probability distribution.

The following is the distribution table:

Let X denote the cost of making the machine by B.

Since the price B charges A is $920, it must be that X ≤ 920.

The probability of contract breach isP(X < 920).

This can be computed as follows:

P(X < 920)

= P(X ≤ 520)

= P(X = 520) + P(X = 920)

 [since cost of making the machine is given in increments of $400]

Hence, the efficient probability that the contract is breached is

P(X < 920) = 0.25 + 0.51

= 0.76

The efficient probability that the contract is not breached is:

1- P(X < 920) = 1 - 0.76

= 0.24

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Based on an average monthly remittance of $30,000.00, the corporation would be regarded a regular remitter, sending that money to another party on a constant basis.

A "remitter" is often a person or institution who distributes money or makes payments to another party. In the context of your inquiry, if a corporation has an average monthly remittance of $30,000.00, it implies that the company sends this amount of money to another party or parties on a regular basis. However, without more information about the nature of these remittances or the precise industry in which the company operates, determining the exact type of remitter they would be is difficult.

Various kinds of remittances are used in many industries and economic operations. A company in the banking sector, for example, may be processing customer payments or transferring funds on behalf of clients. A retail company may remit sales revenues to suppliers or wholesalers. Similarly, a service-based business may pay subcontractors or vendors. It is difficult to establish the precise type of remitter a company would be based merely on the average monthly remittance amount without more specific facts.

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Return on equity = Net income / Stockholders’ equity Return on equity is a profitability ratio that measures how much profit a company is generating from its shareholder’s investments.

Return on equity is calculated by dividing net income by shareholder’s equity.

ROE = 835.56 / [(1,172 + 835.56) / 2]ROE = 835.56 / 1003.78ROE = 0.833b)

Profit Margin Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales Profit Margin = 835.56 / 3,018

Profit Margin = 0.2772 or 27.72%2) Tax Burden Ratio Tax

Burden Ratio = Income Taxes / Taxable Income Tax Burden Ratio = 165.57 / 1001.

13Tax Burden Ratio = 0.1653 or 16.53%3) Interest Burden Ratio Interest

Burden Ratio = Operating Income / EBIT Interest Burden Ratio = 694.99 / 835.56

Interest Burden Ratio = 0.8316 or 83.16%4)

Asset Turnover Ratio Asset Turnover Ratio = Sales / Total Assets

Asset Turnover Ratio = 3,018 / [(10,260 + 6,734 - 6,622) / 2]

Asset Turnover Ratio = 3,018 / 5,686Asset Turnover Ratio = 0.5305 or 53.05%5)

Leverage Ratio Leverage Ratio = Average Total Assets / Average Stockholder's

Equity Leverage Ratio = [(10,260 + 6,734 - 6,622) / 2] / [(1,172 + 1,110) / 2]

Leverage Ratio = 5,686 / 1,141Leverage Ratio = 4.98 times or 498%

Profit Margin = 27.72%Tax Burden Ratio = 16.53%

Interest Burden Ratio = 83.16%Asset Turnover Ratio = 53.05%Leverage Ratio = 498%

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The statement "The term "physical distribution" refers to the receipt of component parts, partially assembled products, or processed goods into a factory within the supply chain" is False. Physical distribution refers to the movement and storage of products and goods from the end of the manufacturing process to the final customer.

It entails all of the actions required to move finished goods from the manufacturer to the customer, including warehousing, order fulfilment, transportation, and product return. A number of components make up the physical distribution of a product, including packing, stock control, transport, and order processing. Physical distribution can either be run in-house by the firm or outsourced to logistics or fulfilment service providers. Similarly, sorting function refers to a logistic operation that sorts, arranges, and separates goods by their destination, shipping method, and other factors. Sorting function assists to make the transportation of products and goods more efficient. Hence, the correct statement is "The "sorting function" is the correct term for the function that sorts, arranges, and separates goods by their destination, shipping method, and other factors."

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To determine the correct statement, let's calculate the depreciation expense and accumulated depreciation for each year.

Depreciation expense per year = (Purchase cost - Residual value) / Useful life

Depreciation expense per year = (£104,500 - £2,500) / 20

Depreciation expense per year = £102,000 / 20

Depreciation expense per year = £5,100

a. Net book value of the machine is £96,000 on 31st December 2020.

To determine the net book value, we subtract the accumulated depreciation from the purchase cost.

Net book value = £94,300

Therefore, statement a is incorrect because the net book value is £94,300, not £96,000.

b. Accumulated depreciation of the machine on 31st December 2019 equals £8,500.

The accumulated depreciation after 1 year (2018) = Depreciation expense per year × Number of years

Accumulated depreciation after 1 year = £5,100 × 1

Accumulated depreciation after 1 year = £5,100

Therefore, statement b is incorrect because the accumulated depreciation on 31st December 2019 is £5,100, not £8,500.

c. The depreciation expense of the machine equals £5,100 on 31st December 2018.

This statement is correct because the depreciation expense per year is £5,100, and the machine was acquired on 30th April 2018, so it had been used for a portion of the year.

Therefore, the correct statement is c. The depreciation expense of the machine equals £5,100 on 31st December 2018.

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Uncertainty, information-seeking, evaluation of alternatives, and risk assessment are typical characteristics in a new buying situation.

In a new buying situation, several characteristics are commonly observed. One key characteristic is uncertainty, as the buyer may lack familiarity with the product, brand, or seller, leading to a sense of unknown outcomes. Information-seeking is also prevalent, as buyers actively seek information to reduce uncertainty and make informed decisions. They may research online, seek recommendations, or consult experts to gather relevant data. Evaluation of alternatives is another common characteristic. In a new buying situation, buyers often compare and assess different options to determine the best fit for their needs. They may consider factors such as features, price, quality, and brand reputation. Risk assessment is also present, as buyers evaluate the potential risks associated with the purchase, such as financial risk, performance risk, or social risk. Understanding and managing these risks play a significant role in decision-making.

Overall, these characteristics reflect the cognitive and behavioral processes involved when individuals engage in a new buying situation, highlighting the information-seeking, evaluative, and risk-conscious nature of the decision-making process.

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Out of the following options given in the question, 'Use of social media' is NOT a way to increase service productivity.

What is service productivity? It is the efficiency with which a company delivers its products or services. A company's productivity is influenced by the quality of its services, staff, operations, equipment, and communication methods. Therefore, in order to increase service productivity, a company must adopt various measures to optimize these factors.

Now let us have a look at all the given options one by one:

(a) Use of SST:SST stands for self-service technology, which refers to technology that enables customers to manage their own service requirements. It has become increasingly popular in recent years, and the reason for its popularity is its convenience and ease of use. The use of SST has helped companies in several ways, such as reducing wait times, increasing customer satisfaction, and reducing labor costs. Thus, the use of SST can increase service productivity.

(b) Cross-training employees: Cross-training employees refers to training employees in various roles and responsibilities in the company. This improves the overall skill set of the employees and helps in increasing service productivity. Cross-training enables employees to handle various types of customers and situations, which results in increased efficiency and productivity.

(c) Use of non-monetary rewards: Non-monetary rewards are rewards that are not related to monetary benefits such as a pay raise. Examples of non-monetary rewards are recognition, awards, appreciation, promotion, etc. The use of non-monetary rewards can improve employee morale, job satisfaction, and motivation. It results in better employee retention, which ultimately leads to increased service productivity.

(d) Employee empowerment: Employee empowerment refers to giving employees the power and autonomy to make decisions and solve problems. Empowered employees have a sense of ownership in their jobs, and they are more motivated to deliver excellent service. They can make quick decisions, which results in faster service delivery and increased service productivity.

(e) Use of social media: Social media can be an effective tool for customer engagement, feedback, and promotion. However, it is not directly related to service productivity. Social media is an optional tool that companies can use to improve their customer engagement and brand image, but it is not a mandatory measure to increase service productivity. Therefore, it is the answer to the given question which states that out of the given options, 'use of social media' is NOT a way to increase service productivity.

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The given information in the problem is:

Net sales = $768,000

Net income = $139,000

Total assets = $7,664,355

We know that the profit margin is the ratio of net income to net sales.

This can be represented as: Profit margin = Net income/Net sales

Now, substituting the values given in the problem, we get:

Profit margin= $139,000/$768,000

Profit margin= 0.181

This value can be converted to a percentage by multiplying it with 100.

Hence, Profit margin= 0.181 × 100

Profit margin= 18.1%

Therefore, the profit margin for Martin Corporation is 18.1%.

Hence, the correct option is 18.10%.

Note: The profit margin indicates how much profit a company generates per dollar of sales. In simple words, it measures the efficiency of the company in generating profit from the sales it makes.

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Derivation of the IS-MP curve The IS-MP curve combines the IS curve and the MP curve in a diagram that portrays the short-term equilibrium of the real economy and nominal interest rate for a given level of output Y.

i. The model consists of three equations:

Philips curve = [tex]+(y-y*)+[/tex]

The IS curve [tex]y=y*−(-∗)+y[/tex]

Monetary policy rule =[tex]∗+∗+(−∗)[/tex]

We can represent the Philips curve in the form below:

πt = πt-1 + λ (yt - y*t)

where πt is the current inflation, πt-1 is last period’s inflation, yt is the current level of output, and y*t is potential output (output if there is no inflation).

The monetary policy rule is represented as follows:

it = r* + πt + a(πt - π*t)

where it is the current nominal interest rate, r* is the equilibrium nominal rate, πt is the current inflation rate, π*t is the inflation target, and a is the response of monetary policy to deviations of inflation from the target.

We can represent the IS curve as below:

Y = C + I + G + NX

where C is consumption,

I is investment,

G is government spending,

and NX is net exports.

The model can be presented graphically in an IS-MP diagram, where the nominal interest rate is on the vertical axis and output is on the horizontal axis.

ii. Central bank's reaction if expected inflation is above the central bank targets

If expected inflation is above the central bank’s targets, the central bank will raise the nominal interest rate.

This is because when inflation is high, the central bank will try to reduce it by raising interest rates.

When the nominal interest rate increases, the cost of borrowing increases, leading to a decrease in demand for goods and services. As demand decreases, output and employment decrease as well, reducing inflation.

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The answer is option 1.According to the notes, the paychecks of United States' auto workers had an impact on the financial crises of the Big 3 automakers (Ford, GM and Chrysler).

The U.S. automakers struggled due to having to pay considerably higher labor costs than their non-unionized counterparts, including salaries, benefits, healthcare, and pensions. Here's why:United States' automakers had higher labor costs compared to their non-unionized counterparts. They had to pay considerably more in salaries, benefits, healthcare, and pensions.

As a result, the automakers struggled to keep up with the costs. In addition, these automakers had large pension funds that were in jeopardy because of high costs, and the recession. For instance, General Motors' pension plan had around 1 million participants and was valued at $134 billion. Therefore, option 1) "The U.S. automakers struggled due to having to pay considerably higher labor costs than their non-unionized counterparts, including salaries, benefits, healthcare, and pensions" is the correct answer.

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A brand that is marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs is known as a global brand.

A global brand is a brand that has a consistent and unified marketing approach across multiple countries or regions. It is characterized by using the same brand name, brand identity, and marketing strategies in different markets. Global brands aim to create a standardized brand image and message to ensure consistency and coherence across geographies. They often employ centrally coordinated marketing programs that align with the brand's overall positioning, values, and target audience. By maintaining a consistent brand presence, global brands can benefit from economies of scale, brand recognition, and customer loyalty on a global scale. They can leverage their reputation and associations with quality, reliability, and innovation to appeal to consumers in diverse markets.

However, global brands also need to consider local market nuances and adapt their marketing efforts to suit cultural, linguistic, and regulatory differences. This may involve making minor adjustments to products, packaging, or messaging to resonate with specific regional preferences while maintaining the core brand essence.

Overall, global brands seek to create a strong and recognizable brand identity across borders, leveraging their global reach to achieve competitive advantage and capture market share in multiple countries.

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Rohan died of the covered illness 40 days after the 30 day survival period. Therefore, the-A.  insurer will pay the benefit, and it will be paid out to Rohan's beneficiary.

The insurer will pay the benefit and it will be paid out to Rohan's beneficiary.

Rohan purchased a Critical Illness (CI) policy on his own life and was later diagnosed with a covered illness.

The policyholder selects the beneficiary when he purchases the policy. The beneficiary is the person who will receive the benefit amount in the event of the policyholder's death.

A critical illness policy is a contract in which the insurer pays a lump sum if the policyholder is diagnosed with a covered illness, such as cancer, stroke, or heart attack, and meets the policy's survival period requirements.

However, the benefit amount is paid out only if the policyholder survives the survival period as defined in the policy, which is usually 30 to 90 days after the date of diagnosis.

Therefore, in this case, Rohan met the survival period requirements.

Hence, option a. is correct.

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Cost-of-living allowances are payments provided to employees working in a host country to offset differences in day-to-day expenses between their home and host countries, ensuring a similar standard of living.

Cost-of-living allowances are payments provided to employees working in a host country to offset the differences in expenses for day-to-day necessities between their home or parent country and the host country. These allowances are designed to ensure that employees can maintain a similar standard of living in the host country compared to their home country. The purpose of cost-of-living allowances is to address the variations in prices, inflation rates, and overall cost of living that exist between different countries.

Cost-of-living allowances take into account factors such as housing costs, transportation expenses, food and groceries, healthcare, education, and other essential items. By providing these allowances, employers aim to bridge the gap between the higher or lower cost of living in the host country compared to the parent country.

The purpose of cost-of-living allowances is to ensure that employees do not face financial hardships or significant disparities in their purchasing power when working in a different country. It helps maintain employee morale, motivation, and overall well-being, enabling them to focus on their work rather than struggling to meet their basic needs.

It is worth noting that cost-of-living allowances are distinct from other types of allowances such as performance incentives, tax equalization allowances, flexible benefits, or education allowances, which may have different purposes and objectives within an organization's compensation and benefits framework.

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The return on total assets measures the profitability of a company in relation to its total assets. To calculate this ratio, we divide the net income by the total assets and multiply by 100 to express it as a percentage.

Return on total assets is a financial ratio that measures a company's ability to generate profit from its assets. It is calculated by dividing the net income by the total assets and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage. In this case, River Corp had a net income of $32,750 and total assets of $405,000. By plugging these values into the formula, we find that the return on total assets for River Corp is 8.09%. This means that for every dollar of assets, River Corp generated a return of 8.09 cents in net income.  The return on total assets is an important metric for assessing a company's profitability and efficiency in utilizing its assets.

This means that for every dollar of assets, River Corp generated a return of 8.09 cents in net income. A higher return on total assets indicates better profitability and efficiency in using assets to generate income. It also suggests that the company is effectively managing its resources and generating value for its shareholders. Therefore, with a return on total assets of 8.09%, River Corp performed relatively well in terms of profitability and asset utilization.It indicates how well a company is able to generate income from its investments in assets. In the case of River Corp, with total assets of $405,000 and a net income of $32,750, the return on total assets is calculated as follows:

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The man who tried to deposit a banana in his bank account lacked the function of money, which is "store of value."

Money has several functions, including a medium of exchange, unit of account, store of value, and standard of deferred payment. It is accepted as a means of payment in exchange for goods or services in the first function. In the second function, the prices of products and services are expressed.

In the third function, it can be kept for future transactions as an item of value, and in the fourth function, it is utilized to repay obligations, such as loans, over an extended period of time.Banks generate money by taking in deposits and issuing loans. Deposits are kept by banks, and the money is utilized to give loans.

As a result, new money is created as banks take in deposits and create loans. Money in an economy is critical for its operation. It enables people to purchase goods and services while also allowing companies to grow. Money has various functions, including serving as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, a store of value, and a standard of deferred payment.The Federal Reserve Bank, which is the central bank of the United States, is responsible for overseeing the economy's monetary policy.

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113,350 speaker systems would be the budgeted production units for BTL Company in December 2019. We must compute the budgeted production units by taking into account the projected sales as well as the intended ending and beginning inventory levels in order to establish the number of speakers to be manufactured in December.

given information: - 49,500 units are predicted to be in the initial inventory.  Desired ending inventory: 24,750 units, which is equal to 50% of the anticipated beginning inventory (49,500/2)  Units sold within budget: 138,100 We can use the following calculation to determine the budgeted production units: Budgeted Production Units are calculated as follows: Budgeted Sales + Desired Ending Inventory - Beginning Inventory Putting the values in the formula as substitutes: 138,100 + 24,750 - 49,500 are the budgeted production units. 113,350 are the budgeted production units  The BTL Company's production budget for the month of December 2019 would consist of the the following details: Sales as planned: 138,100 units Ending Inventory Budgeted: 24,750 units Starting inventory budgeted at 49,500 units Units of Production Budgeted: 113,350

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The main answer includes Acidic, Neutral, Acidic, Neutral, Basic

In this sorting module, we are classifying different aqueous solutions at 25∘C as either acidic, neutral, or basic. Based on the provided information, we can determine the classification of each solution.

By analyzing the given data, we can successfully determine the acidity, neutrality or basicity of each solution.

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This agreement is most likely enforceable against Rocco. The Option B.

The agreement is most likely enforceable against Rocco. In this scenario, Rocco orally agrees to sell his Spring Beverage Company to Thirsty Inc. Even though the terms are noted on a sheet of Spring stationery and signed by Rocco, it's important to note that contracts for the sale of goods are generally subject to the requirements of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) in the United States.

According to the UCC, contracts for the sale of goods valued at $500 or more are typically required to be in writing to be enforceable. While Rocco noted the terms on stationery, it remains unclear if the agreement meets the requirements of the UCC.

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Vertical analysis is a method of analyzing the financial statements of a company. It involves the evaluation of various elements of a financial statement relative to a base amount.

Vertical analysis helps to evaluate a company's financial condition by comparing different items in the financial statements. Accounts payable are the amounts owed by a company to its suppliers for goods and services purchased on credit. It is an important element of a company's balance sheet.

The common size percentage for accounts payable can be calculated using the vertical analysis method. Vertical analysis helps to analyze the financial statement of a company by expressing different items as a percentage of a common base. Here's how to compute the common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2 using vertical analysis: Step 1: Determine the base amount for the vertical analysis.

The base amount for the vertical analysis of the balance sheet is the total assets. Step 2: Determine the total assets for year 2. Total assets for year 2 is $3,000,000. Step 3: Determine the accounts payable for year 2. Accounts payable for year 2 is $300,000. Step 4: Compute the common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2.

The common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2 is calculated as follows: Common size percentage = (Accounts payable / Total assets) × 100Common size percentage = ($300,000 / $3,000,000) × 100Common size percentage = 0.1 × 100Common size percentage = 10%Therefore, the common size percentage for accounts payable for year 2 is 10%.

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After 5 years, Nora's total savings in her savings account will be $1575.To find Nora's total savings after 5 years, we need to calculate the simple interest on her initial deposit of $1500.

The formula for simple interest is: Simple Interest = Principal × Rate × TimeIn this case, the principal is $1500, the rate is 0.1% (which is equivalent to 0.001), and the time is 5 years. So, plugging in the values into the formula, we have:Simple Interest = $1500 × 0.001 × 5 = $7.50The simple interest earned after 5 years is $7.50.To find the total savings, we add the simple interest to the initial deposit:Total Savings = Initial Deposit + Simple Interest = $1500 + $7.50 = $1575
Therefore, Nora's total savings after 5 years will be $1575.To calculate Nora's total savings after 5 years, we can use the formula for simple interest, which is:Simple Interest = Principal × Rate × Time

In this case, the principal is $1500, the rate is 0.1% (or 0.001 as a decimal), and the time is 5 years.Plugging in the values into the formula, we get:Simple Interest = $1500 × 0.001 × 5   = $7.50So, Nora earns $7.50 in simple interest after 5 years.Therefore, Nora's total savings after 5 years will be $1575.It's important to note that simple interest is calculated based on the initial deposit amount and does not compound over time. In this case, Nora's savings account has an annual simple interest rate of 0.1%, meaning that she earns 0.1% of her initial deposit each year as interest.

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Edgeworth Box is an economic model, named after Francis Ysidro Edgeworth, that can help in demonstrating how two-party, two-good exchange relationships can be in equilibrium. In an Edgeworth box, the preferences of the two consumers are represented by lines (and not curves) with different marginal rates of substitution (the slopes of the lines are different). In this case, the competitive market equilibrium is necessarily on the price line that goes through the initial endowment.

Therefore, option (A) is the correct answer. This is because; the competitive market equilibrium in an Edgeworth box, where the preferences of the two consumers are represented by lines (and not curves) with different marginal rates of substitution, is necessarily on the price line that goes through the initial endowment.

It can be observed that with unequal slopes of the indifference curve, the point of maximum satisfaction for both the consumers can't be located on the contract curve. However, an optimal point of equilibrium is located on the price line. The allocation of goods to each consumer varies with the preference of the consumers.

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Calculation of each stock's coefficient of variation is given below:

Formula for coefficient of variation:

CV = (Standard deviation of expected return / Expected return)x100

Calculation of CVX:

CVX = (0.25 / 0.13)x100CVX = 192.31

Calculation of CVY:

CVY = (0.25 / 0.15)x100CVY = 166.67

As a diversified investor, the relevant risk is measured by standard deviation of expected returns.

the stock with the lower standard deviation of expected returns is riskier.

Stock Y has the lower standard deviation so it is riskier than Stock X.

Thus, the correct option is II.

Calculation of each stock's required rate of return is given below:

Formula for required rate of return:

Expected return = Risk-free rate + Beta*(Market risk premium)

Calculation of rx:

Expected return of Stock X = 6% + 1.3*5%

Expected return of Stock X = 13.5%rx = 13.5%

Calculation of ry:

Expected return of Stock Y = 6% + 1.5*5%

Expected return of Stock Y = 13.5%ry = 13.5%d)

Based on the two stocks' expected and required returns, the stock that would be more attractive to a diversified investor is the one that has a higher expected return.

In this case, both stocks have the same expected return of 13.5%.

However, the stock with the higher beta will have a larger increase in its required return.

In this case, Stock Y has a higher beta, so it will have a larger increase in its required return.

Thus, the correct option is Stock Y.

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The Paralympic athletes should feel that they are experiencing "d) under-reward." Managers can motivate employees to increase their efforts by "c) matching rewards to employee needs." The correct answers are d) and c).

Paralympic athletes feel "under-rewarded" compared to Olympic athletes due to a significant pay disparity and exclusion from opening ceremonies.

They receive only 10 percent of the payment given to Olympic athletes, despite participating in the same event. This disparity leads to a perception of unfair treatment and being rewarded less than they deserve.

Managers can motivate employees by "matching rewards to employee needs" and considering higher-order needs, intrinsic value, and changing needs over time.

By understanding and addressing individual needs, managers can provide incentives that are meaningful and valuable to employees, thus enhancing their motivation and willingness to exert more effort.

Additionally, considering higher-order needs, acknowledging the intrinsic value of rewards, and recognizing that employee needs can change over time can also contribute to effective motivation strategies. The correct options are d) and c).

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is given below "Currently the U.S. Olympic Committee (USOC) pays Olympic athletes $25,000 for each gold medal, $15,000 for a silver medal, and $10,000 for a bronze medal. Since 1960, the Paralympics for disabled athletes has been a part of the Olympic Games, yet the USOC pays disabled athletes only 10 percent of what the Olympic athletes are paid, and Paralympic athletes are not allowed to participate in opening ceremonies. Paralympic athletes are angry at being treated unfairly.

1) The Paralympic athletes should feel that they are experiencing __________.

a, negative outcome

b, adverse valence

c, over-reward

d, under-reward

e, negative instrumentality

2) Managers can motivate employees to increase their efforts by _________.

a, relying on the innate value of extrinsic rewards

b, satisfying higher-order needs first

c, matching rewards to employee needs

d, expecting employees’ needs to remain stable

e, doing all of these"--

The firm will maximize its profit by producing in the short run.

1. The given information states that the marginal cost (MC) is equal to the average variable cost (AVC) at $22. This implies that the additional cost of producing one more unit is equal to the average variable cost at that level of production.

2. The information also states that MC is equal to the average total cost (ATC) at $30. This means that the additional cost of producing one more unit is equal to the average total cost at that level of production.

3. Furthermore, the information states that MC is equal to the marginal revenue (MR) at $35. This indicates that the additional revenue earned from selling one more unit is equal to the marginal cost at that level of production.

4. In order to maximize profit, a firm in a competitive market should produce where marginal cost equals marginal revenue (MC = MR). This condition ensures that the firm is producing at an optimal level where the additional revenue from selling one more unit equals the additional cost of producing that unit.

5. Since MC = MR at $35, the firm should produce at a level where the marginal cost is $35 per unit. This is the point where the firm maximizes its profit in the short run.

6. Therefore, the firm will maximize its profit by producing in the short run, as it operates at the level where MC = MR, which ensures optimal profit maximization.

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The formula for number of customers required for profit is similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0, profit is used in the numerator. This is the answer to the question. In business, the number of customers required for profit is a calculation that determines the number of units sold and revenues earned, which is an important measure of financial performance.

The formula for number of customers required for profit is similar to the number of customers required for breakeven formula, but instead of 0, profit is used in the numerator.

The formula for number of customers required for profit is as follows:

Number of Customers Required for Profit = (Fixed Costs + Desired Profit) / (Price - Variable Costs).

Therefore, the number of customers required for profit is the number of customers a business needs to sell its product to generate a profit after covering all of its costs.

In other words, the formula calculates the number of customers needed to reach the business's desired profit margin.

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To start a business of recycling waste, the amount needed will vary depending on the scale of the business. One can start a small business with as little as $10,000 while a large business can require up to $1,000,000. This will include the cost of buying the necessary machinery, licenses, permits, and rent for the business premises. The money to start the business can come from personal savings, bank loans, or investors. It is important to have a well-detailed business plan to attract potential investors. The spending will mainly be on equipment, marketing, rent, utilities, and employee salaries.

The budget Excel file will have the following sections:

1. Start-up costs- This will include the cost of buying equipment such as shredders, balers, and forklifts, as well as the cost of licenses and permits.

2. Monthly expenses- This will include rent, utilities, salaries, and marketing expenses.

3. Revenue projections- This will estimate the amount of revenue that the business will generate.

It will also show when the break-even point will be reached. The break-even point is the point where the total revenue equals the total expenses.

In conclusion, starting a recycling waste business requires adequate planning and capital. The money to start the business can come from personal savings, bank loans, or investors. The budget Excel file will help in keeping track of the start-up costs, monthly expenses, and revenue projections.

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a. It is crucial for Mr Ranjit to safeguard his investment against any unexpected fall in the stock market.  

b. The most appropriate hedging strategy for Mr Ranjit is to purchase the KLCI futures at 1194.0 in June to cover his current share portfolio value of RM1 million.    

c. Mr Ranjit's profits are as follows:  

Change in Portfolio Value = RM1,000,000 - (1182/100 × RM1,000,000) = RM18,000Profits from futures market = (1194 - 1182) × RM50 = RM600  

Profits from Hedging = RM18,000 + RM600 = RM18,600  

d. The hedging strategy has worked well for Mr Ranjit, as it has reduced the risk of any unexpected decline in the stock market, and he has benefitted from the futures market's profits.  

e. A hedger can use the futures market to protect his position in the cash market by taking the following steps:  

To reduce risk, he buys futures to cover his current position, which provides security to his current holdings.As the futures contracts expire, the position in the futures market is closed, and the hedger profits or losses based on the differential between the spot and futures market rates.

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During the first month of operations ended March 31, Ice Box Refrigeration Company manufactured 165,000 mini refrigerators, of which 150,000 were sold.

Operating data for the month are summarized as follows:

1) Preparing Income Statement Based on Absorption Costing Concept Sales of the firm are given as $11,250,000. The cost of goods sold in an absorption costing system includes direct materials, direct labor, variable manufacturing overhead, and fixed manufacturing overhead. Let's calculate the cost of goods sold to get the gross profit.

Direct materials $1,980,000Direct labor $4,290,000 Variable manufacturing costs $412,500 Fixed manufacturing costs $2,475,000 Total manufacturing costs $9,157,500Add opening inventories $0 Less closing inventories (15,000)Cost of goods sold $9,142,500.

Gross Profit = Sales - Cost of goods sold= $11,250,000 - $9,142,500 = $2,107,500 Selling and administrative expenses are given as $1,575,000, which is deducted from the gross profit to obtain the operating income.

Operating Income = Gross Profit - Selling and Administrative Expenses= $2,107,500 - $1,575,000= $532,5002) Preparing Income Statement Based on Variable Costing Concept Under the variable costing method, only variable costs are included in the cost of goods sold.

Direct materials $1,980,000Direct labor $4,290,000.

Variable manufacturing costs $412,500.

Variable selling and administrative expenses $450,000.

Total variable costs $7,132,500 Contribution Margin

= Sales - Variable Costs

= $11,250,000 - $7,132,500

= $4,117,500.

Fixed Manufacturing costs of $2,475,000 and Fixed Selling and administrative expenses of $1,125,000 are not included in cost of goods sold, hence they will be treated as period costs. Therefore, fixed costs will be treated as a deduction from the contribution margin to calculate the operating income.

Operating Income = Contribution Margin - Fixed Costs= $4,117,500 - $3,600,000= $517,5003.

Explanation of the Difference in the Amount of Operating Income Reported in (1) and (2)The difference in the amount of operating income between the two methods of costing is due to the difference in the treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead costs. Under absorption costing, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are included in the cost of goods sold and are expensed as the units are sold.

In contrast, under variable costing, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are treated as period costs and are deducted from the contribution margin to calculate operating income. The sale of 150,000 mini-refrigerators resulted in $2,107,500 of operating income under absorption costing and $517,500 of operating income under variable costing. Therefore, there is a difference of $1,590,000 between the two methods.

This difference can be explained by the fact that absorption costing assigns fixed manufacturing overhead costs to products while variable costing does not. Hence, under absorption costing, some of the fixed manufacturing overhead costs assigned to the unsold units are deferred to the future periods. This leads to a higher amount of operating income under absorption costing as compared to variable costing.

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Payback period:This term refers to the amount of time required for an investment to produce sufficient income to recover its initial costs.

Annual income:Annual income is the sum of all the money received during the year, including wages, salaries, interest, dividends, and rental income.Interest rate:An interest rate is the percentage rate charged on a loan or borrowed capital over a certain length of time.Mosquito repellant DEET is a process used to repel mosquitoes. A mosquito repellent is a substance that is designed to repel mosquitoes. The Payback period at i=0% per year?Initially, the cost of the mosquito repellent process is $165,000, and the annual cost is $43,000, while the annual revenue is $90,000. As a result, the payback period is the amount of time it takes to recover the initial investment. The payback period can be calculated using the following equation:Payback period = Initial investment / Annual incomePayback period = $165,000 / $90,000 = 1.83 yearsThe payback period at i=0% is determined to be 2 years (rounded to the nearest integer).The Payback period at i=12% per year?Payback period = Initial investment / Annual income Payback period = $165,000 / $90,000 = 1.83 yearsThe payback period formula for a project at a given interest rate is slightly different from the payback period formula for a project at 0% interest. The formula is as follows:Payback period = Initial investment / Annual income – (Interest rate / 100)Payback period = $165,000 / $90,000 – (12 / 100) = 1.29 yearsThe payback period at i=12% is determined to be 1 year (rounded to the nearest integer).Therefore, the payback period at i=0% is determined to be 2 years (rounded to the nearest integer) and the payback period at i=12% is determined to be 1 year (rounded to the nearest integer).

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The machine value is RM 31,300. Journal entry: Debit Fixed Asset (Machinery) RM 31,300, Credit Cash/Bank or Accounts Payable RM 31,300.

The invoice price, transportation charges, and first phase maintenance costs can all be added up to determine the machine worth.

Machine value is calculated as follows: Invoice price + Transportation + First-phase maintenance costs = RM 30,000 + RM 300 + RM 1,000.

                 = RM 31,300

The next journal entry can be created to document the machine's purchase:

Debit: Fixed Asset (for instance, machinery) RM 31,300

    Cash/Bank, or Accounts Payable, as Credit              RM 31,300

The fixed asset's (Machinery's) general ledger would show an initial balance of RM 31,300. Any subsequent transactions involving the machinery would be recorded in accordance with this balance, which indicates the machine's value.

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