0.800 mol of H2 .800 mol of I2 were added to a 1.00 L container to react at this temperature. The equilibrium constant Kc for this reaction is 53.3H2 + I2 > 2HI at a specific temperature.
What is specific temperature?
There are 0.800 mol of H2 at this temperature. A 1.00 L container held 0.800 mol H2 and 0.800 mol I2 for the reaction. HI focus is present when things are balanced. A. Instead of mol/L, concentrations are given in atmospheres. In a 1.00-L container, 0.100 mol H2 and 0.100 mol I2 are combined, and HI is produced in the process. 0.800 mol h2 and 0.800 mol i2 were placed in a 1.00 l container to react at this temperature. when the reaction's balanced equation.
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When you see Red Cat and An Ox what does that tell you? a. Dr. Song uses the red cat and an ox to refer to her two kids: b. It is short for "Reduction occurs at the Cathode and Oxidation occurs at the Anode' c.Dr. Song has red cat and an ox in her nouse; d.Red cat?? There no such thing: Dr. Song made it Up. She is too bored during quarantine_
At the anode, oxidation takes place whereas at the cathode, reduction takes place.
A non-spontaneous redox reaction is sparked by the application of electrical energy in electrolytic cells, a kind of electrochemical cell. Here, chemical energy is created by converting electrical energy. These are made up of two half cells: a positively charged cathode for reduction and a negatively charged anode for oxidation. The same container that contains the molten electrolyte also houses the two electrodes.
For instance, an electrolytic cell is used to break down salt (NaCl). The general response is:
At cathode: Diminishment
Rightleftharpoons Na + + e-
Oxidation at the anode
Rightleftharpoons, 2Cl-+, and 2e-
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Draw the Lewis structure of (AsF4) Use this stnicture; conjunction with VSEPR theory, predict: The electron domain geometry of the molecule: The molecular geometry (shape ofthe molecule). The bond angles around the centra atom. The polarity of the molecule. The type of hybridization f the central Hom.
The Lewis structure of AsF4 can be drawn as follows:
As F
\/
F
/ \
F F
The molecular geometry of the molecule will also be tetrahedral.
The bond angles around the central As atom will be 109.5 degrees.
The molecule is nonpolar.
The type of hybridization of the central As atom is sp3.
Using VSEPR theory, we can predict the electron domain geometry of the molecule to be tetrahedral, since there are four electron domains around the central As atom. The molecular geometry of the molecule will also be tetrahedral, since the electron domains dictate the shape of the molecule.
The bond angles around the central As atom will be 109.5 degrees, which is the typical bond angle for a tetrahedral molecule.
The molecule is nonpolar, since the four F atoms are equally spaced around the As atom and the molecule has a symmetrical shape. This means that the molecule does not have a permanent dipole moment.
The type of hybridization of the central As atom is sp3, since the As atom is bonded to four F atoms and is therefore in a tetrahedral electron arrangement.
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4.a) Draw two Lewis structures for HCP; one where C is central and one where P is central: b) Calculate formal charge for each atom in each structure: Which structure is favored? Explain your answer: 5. a) Draw all possible resonance structures for HCOSel (C is central) b) Calculate formal charge for each atom in each structure: Which structure is favored? Explain your answer:
One Hydrogen atom (H) and one Oxygen atom (O) surround the central Carbon atom (C) in the HCP Lewis structure (O). Carbon (C) and Phosphorus (P) have a triple bond, and Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) have a single bond.
How can you choose the ideal format for a formal charge?The Lewis structure with the negative formal charges on the most electronegative atoms is the one to choose from when faced with a choice between numerous Lewis structures with similar formal charge distributions.
How do you determine the preferred resonance structure?The resonance forms with the fewest non-zero formal charge atoms are selected. Resonance develops atoms that have a negative formal charge or are the most electronegative are preferred.
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Draw a Lewis structure for methyl isocyanate, CH3NCO, showing all valence electrons. Predict all bond angles in this molecule and the hybridization of each C, N, and O.
Lewis structure for methyl isocyanate, CH3NCO, showing all valence electrons. 60 degree, 60 degree and 120 degree are all bond angles in this molecule and the hybridization of each C, N, and O.
The valence shell electrons in a molecule are depicted in an extremely simplified manner by a Lewis Structure. It is used to demonstrate how the electrons in a molecule are positioned around particular atoms. Electrons are shown as "dots" or, in the case of a bond, as a line connecting the two atoms. The octet rule and formal charges must be met in order to achieve the "optimal" electron configuration. Lewis structures use the chemical symbol for each atom to show where it is located within the molecule's structure. Atoms that are joined together are separated by lines (pairs of dots can be used instead of lines). The extra electrons that form lone pairs are shown next to the atoms as pairs of dots. Hydrogen (H) can only form bonds that share two electrons, whereas main group elements of the second period and beyond often react by acquiring, losing, or sharing electrons until they have reached a valence shell electron configuration with a full octet of (8) electrons.
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Which of the following will affect the vapor pressure of a pure molecular substance? Select all that apply.
Multiple select question.
The strength of the intermolecular forces
The structure of the substance
The temperature
The vapour of a pure chemical substance depends on the level of a intermolecular forces, that substance's structure, and the temperature.
What are instances of intermolecular forces?Between molecules, intermolecular forces are at work. In contrast, molecules themselves exert intramolecular pressures. In comparison to intramolecular forces, intermolecular forces are weaker. The Weaker intermolecular forces, dipole-dipole interaction, ion-dipole communication, and van der Waals forces are a few examples of intermolecular forces.
What causes intermolecular forces?Electrostatic in nature, forces between molecules result from the interaction of positive and negative charges entities. Forces between molecules are the total of both attracting and repulsive elements, similar to held together by covalent connections.
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g carbon-11 is used in medical imaging. the half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min. what percentage of a sample remains after 60.0 min? 71.2 5.28 13.0 34.0 2.94
Option B; This radioisotope's half-life is 20.4 minutes. After 60.0 minutes, 13.03% of a sample is still present.
The decay of C-11 isotopes is known to follow first order kinetics.
The half-life time (t1/2) in a first order reaction is equal to 0.693/k, where k is the rate constant.
k = 0.693/(t1/2), 0.693/(20.4 min), or 0.03397 min1.
The following is the first order reaction integrated law:
ln[A0]/[A], or
where k is the rate constant (0.03397 seconds per second).
t (t = 60.0 min).
[A0] is C-11's starting concentration ([A0] = 100%).
[A] is the amount of C-11 that is still present ([A] =???%).
kt = ln[A0] / [A]
(60.0 min 0.03397 min) = ln(100%)/[A]
2.038 = ln(100%)/[A]
assuming e is on both sides:
7.677 = (100%)/[A]
[A] = (100%)/(7.677) = 13.03%.
After 60.0 minutes, 13.03% of a sample is still present.
Question:
Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging. The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min. What percentage of a sample remains after 60.0min a)34.0 b)13.03 c)2871.2 d)2.94
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you have a 50/50 mixture of fluorene and aniline dissolved at high concentration in methylene chloride. (aniline, aka aminobenzene, aka phenylamine, aka a benzene with an nh2 on it). what solvent should you use to extract most of the aniline out of this mixture?
The Hydrochloric acid is used as the solvent taht can cut the Aniline from the Flourine mixture that has highest concentration of methylene chloride.
In order to take away aniline from the combination, you could upload an aqueous answer of HCl to transform it to its protonated shape which complements its solubility with water. Upon addition of the acid, you'll be aware that layers could be formed.
The natural layer consists of natural naphthalene at the same time as the aqueous layer consists of the ammonium ion of aniline. To isolate aniline, the acidic answer may be basified observed via way of means of the addition of ether to extract the impartial aniline into the natural solvent Aniline is separated from combination via way of means of steam distillation due to the fact it's far unstable on the temperature of steam and is immiscible with water.
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If it is a clear spring day, which of
the following can we say with
certainty after Earth makes one
fourth of a full revolution?
A. It will be night.
B. It will be summer.
C. It will be cloudy.
D. It will be autumn.
On a clear spring day, we may declare with certainty that Earth completes one-fourth of a full rotation after which summer will begin.
What is a day, exactly?The duration of the Earth's complete rotation with regard to the Sun is one day. This corresponds to 24 hours, 1440 minute, or 86,400 seconds on average. The term "day" is frequently used in daily speech to refer to a sunny day, that is the interval between two solar comorbid, or the times the Sun is at its greatest position.
Are there two days every other day?If something occurs every second or every other day, for instance, it occurs one day, then doesn't occur the following day, then occurs the following day, and so on.
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Answer: C
Explanation: it will be summer
explain how you could use ir spectroscopy to differentiate between compounds f and g. (b) explain how you could use ir spectroscopy to differentiate between compounds d and e. (c) if you wanted to distinguish between compounds b and f, would it be more suitable to use ir spectroscopy or mass spectrometry? explain. (d) would mass spectrometry be helpful for distinguishing between compounds a and d? explain.
Since these two substances are both alcohols, IR spectroscopy cannot be used to separate them.
These two substances may be distinguished from one another using mass spectrometry because they have various molecular weights.The IR spectroscopy theory is based on the idea that molecules have a tendency to absorb particular light frequencies that are unique to the corresponding structure of the molecules.The electromagnetic spectrum's infrared section, which includes light with a longer wavelength and lower frequency than visible light, is the subject of infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy).
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Which compound will contain the most polar bond? A. bromoethane, H3CCH2Br B. ethene, H2CCH2 C. ethane, H3CCH3 D. chloroethane, H3CCH2Cl
The compound that will contain the most polar bond is D. chloroethane, H3CCH2Cl. This is because the bond between the carbon and chlorine atoms is more polar than the bonds between the carbon and hydrogen atoms in the other compounds. The polarity of a bond is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms involved in the bond. Chlorine has a higher electronegativity than carbon, so the bond between them will be more polar. The other compounds listed have bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms, which have a smaller difference in electronegativity and are therefore less polar.
complete the mechanism for the base‑catalyzed opening of the epoxide by adding any missing atoms, bonds, charges, nonbonding electron pairs, and curved arrows.
A hydroxyl group is connected to the beta carbon in chemical molecules called beta-hydroxy ethers (the second carbon attached to a functional group).
If a molecule travels more quickly, what happens to a kinetic energy?Because the particles gain kinetic energy as the temperature rises, they move faster, increasing the likelihood of collisions and diffusion.
Oxygen or hydrogen has more kinetic energy?Boltzmann and Maxwell have also researched the gas speed distribution, although this is outside the purview of this course. You may have noticed that for oxygen gas to possess the same mean kinetic energy as hydrogen gas, H2, at the same temperatures, the average speed of each gas must be four times greater.
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mass of 400ml beaker
Empty 400-mL beaker weight in grams: 130.778 g. glass and is lab, food and dishwasher safe.
What does a 500 ml beaker weigh?The 500 ml beaker weighs 250 g when it is empty & 645 g when it is full of an unidentified liquid.
A 400 mL beaker's height is how tall?Beaker is 5.1" tall and has a inner and outer size of 67.5mm and 70mm, respectively.The heat tolerances for Eisco Lab Borosilicate 3.3 Glass are as follows:-515°C for strain, 565°C for annealing, and 820°C for softening.
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What kind of intermolecular forces act between a chlorine Cl2 molecule and an argon atom? Note: If there is more than one type of intermolecular force that acts, be sure to list them all, with a comma between the name of each force.
Dispersion forces are the intermolecular force. The sole sort of intermolecular force that acts between non-polar molecules is called a dispersion force.
Examples of such molecules are hydrogen (H2), chlorine (Cl2), carbon dioxide (CO2), dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), and methane (CH4). Thus, London dispersion forces are the sole intermolecular forces. Due to the non-polar character of these two molecules, we may state that helium and CCL-4 are only weakly bound together by the London dispersion force. Chlorine is a diatomic molecule with equal electronegativity in each of its atoms, which indicates that the molecule is non-polar. Only London dispersion forces are present in non-polar molecules. Therefore, Cl2 Cl 2 has London dispersion forces.
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in the experiment, was nh4cl the solute or the solvent?
The solvent in the unsaturated solution is NH4Cl. 17. At 70oC, 45 grams of NH4 Cl are dissolved in 100 grams of water to create a solution.
What is nh4cl?Ammonium chloride, an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl, is a white, crystalline salt that is particularly soluble in water. Inside the mineralogic form where it naturally occurs, ammonium chloride is known as sal ammoniac solutions, which have a slightly acidic pH.
What is ammonium chloride used for and its effects?Its main use are as an electrolyte in dry cells and as a source of nitrogen for fertilizers. It is also widely used as a component of galvanizing, tinning, and soldering fluxes to remove oxide coatings from metals and so enhance the solder's adherence.
When exposed to ammonium chloride, people may experience discomfort, headaches, nausea, and wheezing. It is also moderately dangerous. The chemical's fume form (Ammonium Muriate Fume and Sal Ammoniac Fume), which is a finely fragmented particulate scattered in the air, is where most exposure occurs.
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find the energy of the photon that is emitted when the electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from the n
C)0.57 eV
E_photon = energy of the photon
E_i = energy of initial level
E_f = energy of final level
Then we take a look at our Energy Level Diagram for hydrogen. Look at the energy required for n = 7 and then n = 4.
E_photon = E_i - E_f
E_photon = (0.00 eV) - (-0.57 eV)
E_photon = 0.57 eV
Photon energy is the energy carried by a single photon. The amount of energy is directly proportional to the photon's electromagnetic frequency and thus inversely proportional to its wavelength. The higher the frequency of a photon, the higher its energy. The longer the wavelength of a photon, the lower its energy.
Photon energy can be expressed in arbitrary energy units. Commonly used units for expressing photon energy include the electronvolt (eV) and joules (and their multiples such as microjoules). One joule is equal to 6.24 × 1018 eV, so larger units may be more useful to express the energy of higher frequency, higher energy photons, such as photons. B. Gamma rays, as opposed to low-energy photons such as the optical and radio frequency regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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complete the full electron configuration for each element below.
Answer:
1.1s22s22p
Explanation:
Element Full Electron Configuration
A.) Nitrogen (Z = 7) 1s? 2s? 2p?
B.) Chlorine (Z = 17) 1s? 2s? 2p? 3s? 3p?
C.) Sodium (Z = 11) 1s? 2s? 2p? 3s?
D.) Beryllium (Z = 4) 1s? 2s?
how many grams of oxygen are required to react with 11.0 grams of octane ( c8h18 ) in the combustion of octane in gasoline?
The grams of oxygen that are required to react with 11.0 grams of octane is 38.6 grams.
The balanced chemical reaction can be depicted as follows:
C₈H₁₈ + 25/2 O₂ ------> 8CO₂ +9 H₂O
Atomic mass of C = 12 u
Atomic mass of H = 1 u
Atomic mass of O = 16 u
Molar mass of C₈H₁₈ = 8*12+18*1 = 96+18 = 114 g/mol .
Molar mass of O₂= 2*16 = 32 g/mol
Mass of C₈H₁₈ = 11 g
Moles = mass/molar mass
Moles of Octane = 11 g/ 114(g/mol) = 0.09649 mol .
From balanced chemical reaction :
1 mol Octane ------> 12.5 mol O₂
0.09649 mol octane -----> x
x = 0.09649 mol octane* 12.5 mol O₂/1 mol octane
x = 1.206 mol O₂
Moles of Oxygen = 1.206 mol
Mass of oxygen= moles of oxygen* molar mass of oxygen
Mass of oxygen= 1.206 mol * 32 (g/mol) = 38.59 g≅38.6 g
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Use your knowledge of electronegativity to pick out the most polar bond in the list below. O O-H O O-N O C-H ON-H O 0-C
The most polar connection is F-H.
What type of bond has the highest electronegativity?
The most electronegative element is fluorine. Therefore, carbon and fluorine exhibit the largest variation in electronegativity (C - F). The most polar bond is the C-F one as a result.
How do you tell which connection is the most polar?
The bond is more polar the more electronegativity there is between the two atoms. The difference in electronegativity must be greater than 0.4 on the Pauling scale to be regarded as a polar bond.
Is OO ionic, nonpolar, or polar?
Answer and justification Since the two oxygen atoms share an electron, an O-O connection is covalent. Since the atoms connected together are identical oxygen atoms, the connection is also nonpolar.
Is HF more polar or O-H?
Fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen. Thus, compared to Fluorine in HF, oxygen in H2O draws electrons from hydrogen less strongly. H2O is therefore less polar than HF.
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When high voltage is run through water, it can actually separate the oxygen and hydrogen. Again, determine the mole ratios that are balanced.
Answer:
2:1
Explanation:
Correct option is C)
We can see from the balanced equation, that the mole ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2:1 , both in the water molecule and in the reactants, hydrogen gas (H
2
) and oxygen gas (O
2
). The electrolysis of water causes the decomposition of water, (H
2
O), which produces hydrogen and oxygen.
In the coordination compound [Co(en)2CIz]CI, the charge on the Lewis acid is (ethylenediamine, en = H2NCH2CH2NH2) a. -2 b. -1 c. +2 d.+3 e. +1
The charge on the Lewis acid is +3 which means option d is the correct choice.
A Lewis Structure is a completely simplified illustration of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It is used to expose how the electrons are organized round character atoms in a molecule. Electrons are proven as "dots" or for bonding electrons as a line among the 2 atoms.
As we know in a coordination compound metal atoms or ions are Lewis acid . So, here Cobalt is Lewis acid .
Now , the charge of ethylenediamine (en) is 0 , the charge of Cl is -1 . Let the charge on Co be X . Then as overall compound is neutral . So,
1 × X + 2 × 0 + 3 × -1 = 0
X - 3 = 0
X = +3
So, the charge on Lewis acid (Co) is +3 . So, correct answer is d). +3
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A teacher showed this animal to students on a field trip. Which tool will allow the studentsto best see the animal up close
We can get a better view of the animal using a hand lens.
What is Hand lens?The names of hand lenses, such as Hastings triplet magnifier, 10, 19.8mm, Focus: 1", can be confusing when comparing them. However, once defined, each component of the name provides significant information that explains various features of the hand lens and is simple to comprehend. Typically, hand lenses have one to three lenses (other imaging systems, such as microscopes and telescopes, can contain six or more lenses). Multiple lenses raise the price of a hand lens while also correcting for different picture distortions.A single lens is seen in a singlet hand lens, and in many designs, the lens is convex on both ends . Uncorrected singlets suffer from significant spherical aberration and low magnification (mostly up to 5, high quality up to 10).To learn more about Hand Lens refer to:
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calculate the distance of closest approach for a head-on collision between a 5.30 mev alpha particle and the nucleus of a copper atom.
To calculate the distance of closest approach for a head-on collision between an alpha particle and the nucleus of a copper atom, we can use the formula:
r = Z1Z2e^2 / (2m1v^2)
where r is the distance of closest approach, Z1 and Z2 are the atomic numbers of the alpha particle and the copper nucleus, respectively, e is the charge of the electron (1.6 x 10^-19 C), m1 is the mass of the alpha particle, and v is the velocity of the alpha particle.
The atomic number of an alpha particle is 2, since it consists of two protons and two neutrons. The atomic number of copper is 29. The mass of an alpha particle is 6.644 x 10^-27 kg, and its velocity can be calculated from its kinetic energy using the formula:
v = sqrt(2*KE/m1)
where KE is the kinetic energy of the alpha particle in joules. The kinetic energy of a 5.30 MeV alpha particle is 5.30 x 10^6 eV, or 8.478 x 10^-13 J.
Substituting these values into the formula for the distance of closest approach, we get:
r = 229(1.6 x 10^-19 C)^2 / (2*(6.644 x 10^-27 kg)(sqrt(28.478 x 10^-13 J/6.644 x 10^-27 kg))^2
= 5.936 x 10^-15 m
Therefore, the distance of closest approach for a head-on collision between a 5.30 MeV alpha particle and the nucleus of a copper atom is approximately 5.936 x 10^-15 meters.
draw the alcohol that is oxidized to give the product shown below. show all hydrogen atoms.
The structure from which the product was obtained has been shown in the image attached to this answer.
What is the compound?We need to refresh our mind about the oxidation of the alcohols. When we alcohol, the compound that we would obtain, we depend on the kind of alcohol that is oxidized as we can see. When we oxidize a primary alcohol, we would obtain a carboxylic acid which can be further oxidized to give an alkanone.
When we oxidize a secondary alcohol, we would now obtain a ketone. We have to look at the structure of the product that we have and this would then give us an idea of the kind of the compound that may have been oxidized so that we can be able to get the compound as it has been shown.
Since the product of the oxidation is an alkanoic acid, we can be able to see that the compound that it was obtained from is a primary alcohol
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Which one of these defines the "like dissolves like" rule of solubility?
Responses
A. substances that have the same electron configurations dissolve within one another
B. substances that have equal number of atoms dissolve within one another
C. substances that have equal number of atoms dissolve within one another
D. polar substances dissolve in one another and nonpolar substances dissolve in one another
substances subject to equal amounts of pressure dissolve in one another
D. polar substances dissolve in one another, and nonpolar substances dissolve in one another
substances subject to equal amounts of pressure dissolve in one another
polar dissolves with polar
ionic dissolves with ionic
Why are electrons shared in molecular compounds? There are multiple correct answers A. So that both atoms can achieve Nobel Gas configurations B. To lower the overall energy of the compound and increase its stability C. Because sharing is caring D. To increase the overall energy of the molecule and decrease its stability E. So that both elements can have a full valence shells F. Because the positive and negative ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces
Electrons are shared in molecular compounds A. So that both atoms can achieve Nobel Gas configurations and E. So that both elements can have full valence shells.
Accept the noble gases, all the elements in the periodic table do not have the required electrons in their outermost shell to complete their valencies. As a result, the electrons are shared among molecular compounds so that the elements of the periodic table can complete their valency.
Molecular compounds are formed when elements react in order to attain an electronic configuration that is similar to its nearest noble gas. Molecular compounds are formed when elements lose, give or share electrons in order to make their valence shells full.
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Which substance has the strongest attractive forces between its particles? salt sugar or wax, then explain, give evidence, and reasoning for fun.
In general, substances with strong attractive forces between their particles tend to have high melting and boiling points and are solids at room temperature.
Salt (sodium chloride) is a solid at room temperature and has a relatively high melting point of 801°C. This is due to the strong attractive forces between its ions (positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chloride ions).
Sugar (sucrose) is also a solid at room temperature but has a much lower melting point of 186°C. This is because the attractive forces between the sugar molecules are not as strong as the forces between the ions in salt.
Wax is a soft solid at room temperature and has a relatively low melting point. The attractive forces between wax molecules are weaker than those in salt or sugar.
So, in terms of the strength of attractive forces between its particles, salt would be the strongest, followed by sugar and then wax.
the difference in electronegativity signifies that the hydrogen-oxygen bond is blank.target 2 of 10
The hydrogen-oxygen bond is ionic 3 because to the difference in electronegativity.
Why is electronegativity essential and what does it mean?The capacity of such an atom to draw protons (or electronic structure) to itself is measured by its electropositive. It controls the distribution of the shared energy between two molecules in a bond. The bigger an atom's electropositive, the more aggressively it will draw electrons from its bonds.
High electronegativity: What does that mean?The capacity of an element to draw electron density in a covalent connection is referred to as electron affinity. The stronger a material attracts other shared electrons, the greater its degree of electronegativity.
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hcn and kcn have similar chemical formulas. however, 0.1 m hcn has a ph of 5.2, while 0.1 m kcn has a ph of 11.2. why do these two compounds behave so differently when they dissolve in water? hcn has a great solubility. hcn is an acid, and kcn is a salt. kcn is much stronger base than hcn. hcn is a nonelectrolyte.
HCN is highly soluble in water,
With rising temperatures and in extremely saline environments, its solubility declines. HCN is a colorless gas and liquid with an odor reminiscent to bitter almonds, however not everyone can smell it. HCN is created in solution when the cyanide ion interacts with water.
What is HCN?
Prussic acid, also known as hydrogen cyanide, is a chemical substance having the formula HCN and the structural formula HCN. It is a colorless, very deadly, and combustible liquid that boils at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F), only barely over room temperature. Industrial-scale HCN production makes it a highly prized precursor to a wide range of chemical compounds, from medications to polymers. Production of potassium cyanide and adiponitrile, which are used in mining and polymers, respectively, has large-scale uses. Due to its liquid nature, it is more hazardous than cyanide compounds that are solid.
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the atomic radius of an atom that is chemically bonded to an identical atom is equal to
Due to the equal attraction of the electrons by the two nuclei, when atoms of the same elements are covalently connected, the radius of every atom will be half that difference.
What are the signs that a substance is covalently bonded?Generally speaking, ionic bonding can be seen in compounds where a metal is bound to a non-metal or even a semi-metal. When covalent bonding is present, a substance is referred to be a molecular compound since it is made entirely of non-metals or partially of semi-metals.
What sort of molecule would constitute a covalent bond?Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons to bind together. The majority of the time, nonmetals form covalent connections. For instance, in water (H2O), the hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms each share an electron pair to form a molecule that consists of two hydrogen atoms single-bonded to one oxygen atom.
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classify each reactant as the reducing agent, oxidizing agent, or neither. 5no2− 6h 2mno4− → 5no3− 2mn2 3h2o
While H⁺ is neither an oxidizing nor a reducing agent, and MnO₄⁻ is an oxidizing agent, NO₂⁻ is becoming oxidized, making it the reducing agent.
As to why a reactant?Reactant is a word that is used to represent a balanced chemical. A chemical element that is a reactant is one which is present at the beginning of such a chemical reaction and changes as the reaction develops. They can also be alluded to as reagents or beginning ingredients.
Briefing:5NO₂⁻ + 6H⁺ + 2MnO₄⁻ -----> 5NO₃⁻ + 2Mn²⁺ + 3H₂O
In this reaction let's see what all changes are happening in each species oxidation state.
NO₂⁻ : oxidation state of N is (+4-1=) +3. And
NO₃⁻ : oxidation state of N is (+6-1=) +5. Thus NO₂⁻ is getting oxidized and so it is the reducing agent.
H⁺ : no change in oxidation state of H⁺ hence it is neither oxidizing not reducing agent.
MnO₄⁻ : oxidation state of Mn is (+8-1=) +7.
Mn²⁺ : oxidation state of Mn is +2. Thus oxidation state of Mn is changing from +7 to +2 and hence it is getting reduced. So we can say that MnO₄⁻ is an oxidizing agent.
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