To calculate Bobby Incorporation's unit contribution margin, we need to subtract the variable costs per unit from the selling price per unit.
Given:
Number of units sold = 8,000 units
Selling price per unit = ₱15
Fixed costs = ₱68,000
Net loss = ₱12,000
To calculate the unit contribution margin, we'll use the formula:
Unit Contribution Margin = (Selling price per unit - Variable costs per unit)
To find the variable costs per unit, we need to calculate the total variable costs and then divide it by the number of units.
Total Variable Costs = Total Costs - Fixed Costs
Given that the net loss is ₱12,000 and the fixed costs are ₱68,000, we can calculate the total variable costs:
Total Variable Costs = Net Loss + Fixed Costs
Total Variable Costs = ₱12,000 + ₱68,000
Once we have the total variable costs, we can calculate the variable costs per unit:
Variable Costs per Unit = Total Variable Costs / Number of Units Sold
Finally, we can calculate the unit contribution margin:
Unit Contribution Margin = Selling Price per Unit - Variable Costs per Unit
By substituting the given values into the respective formulas, you can calculate the unit contribution margin for Bobby Incorporation.
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Rowland Company is producing 10,000 units of (Modem Z) annually at a selling price of $60 while the cost of production is: Direct Material $15 per unit Direct Labor $8 per unit Variable Overhead $7 per unit Allocated Fixed Overhead Cost $20 per unit (Total $200,000) They have received an offer to sell additional 3000 units for a new customer at selling price of $32. Required: Do the company accept this offer under following independent assumptions:(Show your Calculations 1. The company has excess capacity (the capacity is 15000 units) rechen tal units. 12000 10000 u. Inc 200000 198009 80000 D.L VIDA FOH 211 maal suveren -rev 2
To determine whether Rowland Company should accept the offer to sell an additional 3,000 units under different assumptions, we need to calculate the relevant costs and compare them with the selling price.
Excess Capacity Assumption (Capacity of 15,000 units):
Direct Material Cost: $15 per unit x 3,000 units = $45,000
Direct Labor Cost: $8 per unit x 3,000 units = $24,000
Variable Overhead Cost: $7 per unit x 3,000 units = $21,000
Allocated Fixed Overhead Cost: $20 per unit x 3,000 units = $60,000
Total Cost: $45,000 + $24,000 + $21,000 + $60,000 = $150,000
Selling Revenue: $32 per unit x 3,000 units = $96,000
Net Profit/Loss: $96,000 - $150,000 = -$54,000 (Loss)
Based on the excess capacity assumption, Rowland Company should not accept the offer because it would result in a net loss of $54,000.
It appears that the information provided after "rechen tal units" and "12000 10000 u. Inc 200000 198009 80000 D.L VIDA FOH 211 maal suveren -rev 2" is incomplete or unclear. Please provide additional details if you need further analysis.
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Sample 10(Apply knowledge of global economics)
A. With reference to the demographic transition, explain what we
mean by Potential Support Ratio. Why is this ratio critical for the
design of policies t
The Potential Support Ratio (PSR) is a concept used in the field of demography to assess the potential burden on the working-age population to support dependents, typically the elderly and children.
It is calculated by dividing the number of people of working age (usually defined as 15-64 years) by the number of dependents (usually defined as those under 15 years or over 64 years).
The PSR is critical for the design of policies because it provides insights into the economic implications of population structure and aging. A low PSR indicates a higher dependency ratio, with fewer working-age individuals available to support dependents. This can strain social security systems, healthcare systems, and public finances, as there are fewer contributors to support a larger dependent population.
In countries with a low PSR, policymakers may need to implement policies that address the challenges posed by an aging population. These policies could include reforms to social security systems, encouraging labor force participation among older adults, promoting immigration to supplement the working-age population, or implementing technological advancements to increase productivity.
Understanding the PSR helps policymakers anticipate and plan for potential economic and social consequences associated with changing population demographics, ensuring sustainable and effective policy design to support the well-being of both the working-age population and dependents.
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Of 8 Key Social/Economic Factors Involved For Recruitment, List And Briefly Explain Any 4.
Four social/economic factors involved in recruitment are namely Labor Market Conditions, Economic Conditions, Demographics ad Technological Advancements.
Labor Market Conditions: Labor market conditions refer to the supply and demand for labor in a specific region or industry. Factors such as unemployment rates, job growth, and competition for talent can impact recruitment. In a tight labor market with high demand for skilled workers, organizations may face challenges in finding and attracting qualified candidates.
Economic Conditions: Economic conditions, including overall economic growth, industry performance, and business cycles, can influence recruitment. During periods of economic expansion, companies may experience increased hiring needs as they expand their operations. Conversely, during economic downturns, recruitment may slow down as companies prioritize cost-cutting measures.
Demographics: Demographic factors such as population trends, age distribution, and workforce diversity play a significant role in recruitment. Understanding the demographics of the target talent pool helps organizations tailor their recruitment strategies and messaging to attract a diverse and inclusive workforce.
Technological Advancements: Technological advancements impact recruitment by changing the way organizations find, attract, and evaluate candidates. Online job boards, social media platforms, applicant tracking systems, and artificial intelligence-based tools have transformed the recruitment landscape. Organizations need to adapt to these technological changes to effectively reach and engage potential candidates.
Labor market conditions affect the availability and quality of candidates.
Economic conditions influence the hiring needs and resources of organizations.
Demographics shape the composition and characteristics of the labor force.
Technological advancements offer new channels and tools for recruitment.
Understanding and considering these social and economic factors during recruitment can help organizations align their strategies with market realities. Adapting to labor market conditions, economic trends, demographic shifts, and technological advancements enables organizations to attract and retain top talent and remain competitive in the evolving business landscape.
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The world price of mangoes is US$4 per unit, and almost all of
them are produced outside Argentina. Suppose the Argentinian demand
curve is:
QD = 400,000 – 40,000P
Where P is price in US$ per unit,
When the world price of mangoes is us$4 per unit, the quantity demanded in argentina is 240,000 units.
To analyze the impact of the world price of mangoes on the argentinian market, we need to compare the world price (us$4 per unit) with the demand curve in argentina (QD = 400,000 – 40,000p).
if the world price of mangoes is us$4 per unit, we can substitute this price into the demand curve equation:
QD = 400,000 – 40,000(4)
QD = 400,000 – 160,000
QD = 240,000
It's important to note that this analysis assumes that the demand curve represents the relationship between price and quantity demanded in argentina, regardless of where the mangoes are produced.
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blue spruce corp. uses the percentage-of-receivables basis to record bad debt expense. accounts receivable (ending balance) $438,000 (debit) allowance for doubtful accounts (unadjusted) 5,300 (debit)
the percentage-of-receivables basis method is a common way to estimate bad debt expenses based on the accounts receivable balance. By using the historical bad debt rate, the company can estimate how much bad debt expense they will have during the accounting period.
Blue Spruce Corp. has an accounts receivable balance of $438,000, and they use the percentage-of-receivables basis to record bad debt expenses. The allowance for doubtful accounts (unadjusted) is $5,300 (debit). The percentage-of-receivables basis method is a way to estimate how much bad debt expense a company will have based on the amount of accounts receivables that they have. This method takes a percentage of the accounts receivable balance, and that percentage is the estimated bad debt expense.
To calculate the percentage of the accounts receivable balance, you need to know the company's historical bad debt rate. For example, if the company's historical bad debt rate is 5%, you would multiply the accounts receivable balance of $438,000 by 5% to get an estimated bad debt expense of $21,900.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is a contra-asset account that is used to reduce the accounts receivable balance to its net realizable value. This means that the allowance account is used to account for the estimated bad debt expense that will be incurred during the accounting period.
To adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts, you would need to take the unadjusted balance of $5,300 and add the estimated bad debt expense of $21,900 to get a new balance of $27,200. This means that the allowance for doubtful accounts would need to be credited for $21,900 to bring the balance up to $27,200.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is used to account for this estimated bad debt expense, and it is adjusted at the end of the accounting period to reflect the actual amount of bad debt expense incurred.
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Supply chain modeling enables managers to evaluate which options will provide the greatest improvement in customer satisfaction at reasonable costs. (Bordoloi, p. 250). Part 1 of this assignment is to draw a supply or value chain of your organizational goods or services. Use Figure 9.1, "Supply Chain
for Physical Goods" on p. 250, as a guide to complete this part of the assignment. Services can be considered as acting on people’s minds (e.g., education, entertainment, religion), bodies (e.g., transportation, lodging, health care), belongings (e.g., auto repair, dry cleaning, banking), and information (e.g., tax preparation, insurance, legal defense). Thus, all services act on something provided by the customer (Bordoloi, p. 250). Part 2 of this assignment is to draw the bidirectional relationships between the service delivery organization, its supplier, and the customer. Use Figure 9.3, "Service Supply Bidirectional Relationships," on p. 250 as a guide to complete this part of the assignment. Make sure to provide details around these drawings that explain what is happening in each of the components and
how the components are interrelated. Include your perspective of operations management in the modern economy
Part 1 of the assignment requires you to draw a supply or value chain of your organizational goods or services using Figure 9.1,
"Supply Chain for Physical Goods" on page 250 as a guide. Services can be viewed as acting on people’s minds (e.g., education, entertainment, religion), bodies (e.g., transportation, lodging, health care), belongings (e.g., auto repair, dry cleaning, banking), and information (e.g., tax preparation, insurance, legal defense). In this regard, all services are targeted at something given by the customer (Bordoloi, p. 250). For Part 2 of this assignment, draw the bidirectional relationships between the service delivery organization, its supplier, and the customer, utilizing Figure 9.3, "Service Supply Bidirectional Relationships," on page 250 as a guide. Provide information about what is happening in each of the components and how the components are related to one another. Additionally, include your point of view on operations management in the modern economy.
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sprint and t-mobile compete against each other offering wireless service to us customers. the monthly demand curves (with quantities in millions) are
Sprint and T-Mobile are both major players in the wireless service industry, offering their services to customers in the United States.
To understand their competition and the demand for wireless service, we need to analyze the monthly demand curves. Demand curves illustrate the relationship between the price of a product or service and the quantity demanded by consumers. They provide insights into how changes in price affect consumer behavior. However, without specific information about the demand curves, it is difficult to provide a detailed analysis.
In general, a downward-sloping demand curve indicates that as the price of wireless service decreases, the quantity demanded by customers increases. This reflects the typical inverse relationship between price and demand—consumers are more willing to purchase at lower prices. On the other hand, a flatter demand curve suggests that changes in price have a relatively smaller impact on the quantity demanded.
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Solving for
i)
Kirk Van Houten, who has been married for
23
years, would like to buy his wife an expensive diamond ring with a platinum setting on their 30-year wedding anniversary. Assume that the cost of the ring will be
$11 comma 500
in
7
years. Kirk currently has
$4 comma 433
to invest. What annual rate of return must Kirk earn on his investment to accumulate enough money to pay for the ring?
Question content area bottom
Part 1
The annual rate of return Kirk must earn on his investment to accumulate enough money to pay for the ring is
%.
(Round to two decimal places.)
Rounded to two decimal places, the annual rate of return Kirk needs to earn is 9.40%.
To solve this problem, we need to determine the annual rate of return Kirk must earn on his investment to accumulate enough money to pay for the ring.
Let's break down the information given:
Kirk currently has $4,433 to invest.
The cost of the ring will be $11,500 in 7 years.
Kirk wants to accumulate enough money to pay for the ring within 7 years.
To find the required annual rate of return, we can use the compound interest formula:
Future Value = Present Value × (1 + Rate)^Time
Here's how we can apply it to this scenario:
Present Value (P) = $4,433
Future Value (FV) = $11,500
Time (T) = 7 years
We need to solve for the Rate (R).
Rearranging the formula:
Rate = (FV / PV)^(1/T) - 1
Substituting the given values:
Rate = ($11,500 / $4,433)^(1/7) - 1
Calculating:
Rate ≈ 0.0940
Therefore, Kirk must earn an annual rate of return of approximately 9.40% on his investment to accumulate enough money to pay for the ring.
Rounded to two decimal places, the annual rate of return Kirk needs to earn is 9.40%.
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←HW Chapter 16 Question 3 of 3 > Percent Units Complete Production Data-Basketballs Work in process units, July 1 470 60 % Units started into production 1,140 Work in process units, July 31 600 40 % Cost Data-Basketballs f Work in process, July 1 Materials $730 Conversion costs 560 $1,290 Direct materials 2,168 Direct labor 400 Manufacturing overhead. 1,290 (a1) Your answer is partially correct. Calculate the equivalent units of production for materials and conversion costs. Materials Conversion Costs Equivalent Units 1610 1740 0.5/4
The equivalent units of production for materials is 1,610 units, and for conversion costs is 1,740 units. The calculation is based on the information provided and assumes a 50% completion rate for work in process units on July 31.
To calculate the equivalent units of production, we consider the work in process units at different stages of completion. For materials, we add the work in process units on July 1 (470 units) to the units started into production (1,140 units). This gives us a total of 1,610 units. For conversion costs, we follow the same approach. We add the work in process units on July 1 (470 units) to the units started into production (1,140 units). However, since only 40% of the work in process units on July 31 are completed, we multiply this by 0.4 to get 600 units. Adding the two values, we have a total of 1,740 units for conversion costs.
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Perfect competition can only exist if the goods sold in the market by the different sellers are identical or homogeneous. Note, that you will lose 50% of the mark for this question if you choose the incorrect option. True False
True. Perfect competition requires that the goods sold in the market by different sellers are identical or homogeneous.
In a perfectly competitive market, buyers perceive the products of different sellers as indistinguishable in terms of quality, features, and attributes. This condition ensures that consumers are indifferent between the products of different sellers and can easily switch between sellers based on price.
The presence of identical or homogeneous goods is a fundamental characteristic of perfect competition. It allows for a large number of easy market entry and exit, perfect information, and price-taking behavior.
In this market structure, no individual seller has the ability to influence the market price, and all firms face a horizontal demand curve.
If the goods sold in the market are not identical or homogeneous, it would result in product differentiation and potentially lead to market structures such as monopolistic competition or oligopoly.
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use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the social cost curve when the external cost is $70 per ton.
The social cost curve includes both private costs and external costs, so the curve will generally be higher than the private cost curve.
To plot the social cost curve using the purple diamond symbol, we need to consider the external cost of $70 per ton. This means that for every ton of output, there is an additional cost of $70 that is not accounted for by the producer.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. Identify the private cost curve on your graph. This curve represents the cost borne by producers for each unit of production (in this case, tons).
2. To account for the external cost, we need to add $70 per ton to the private cost curve.
3. For each point on the private cost curve, add $70 to the cost value. For example, if a point on the private cost curve has a cost of $100 per ton, the corresponding point on the social cost curve will be at $170 per ton ($100 + $70).
4. Using the purple points (♦), plot these new cost values on the graph. The resulting curve will represent the social cost curve when the external cost is $70 per ton.
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Rumolt Motors has 68 million shares outstanding with a price of $28 per share. In addition, Rumolt has issued bonds with a total current market value of $2149 million. Suppose Rumolt's equity cost of capital is 15%, and its debt cost of capital is 11%. If Rumolt's corporate tax rate is 38%, what is its after-tax weighted average cost of capital? a. 11.59% b. 10.66% c. 13.60% d. 13.25% e. 10.45%
To calculate Rumolt Motors' after-tax weighted average cost of capital (WACC), we need to consider the weights of equity and debt in its capital structure, as well as the respective costs of equity and debt. With 68 million shares outstanding at a price of $28 per share and bonds with a total market value of $2149 million, along with an equity cost of capital of 15%, a debt cost of capital of 11%, and a corporate tax rate of 38%, we can determine the after-tax WACC.
The weight of equity is calculated by dividing the market value of equity by the total market value of the firm's capital structure. In this case, the market value of equity is 68 million shares multiplied by $28 per share, which equals $1904 million. The weight of equity is therefore $1904 million divided by the sum of the market value of equity and debt ($1904 million + $2149 million).
The weight of debt is calculated by dividing the market value of debt by the total market value of the firm's capital structure. In this case, the market value of debt is $2149 million. The weight of debt is therefore $2149 million divided by the sum of the market value of equity and debt.
To calculate the after-tax WACC, we multiply the cost of equity by the weight of equity, multiply the cost of debt by the weight of debt, and then sum these values. Since the interest expense on debt is tax-deductible, we need to adjust the cost of debt by multiplying it by (1 - tax rate). Finally, we sum the weighted costs of equity and debt to obtain the after-tax WACC.
After performing the calculations, we find that Rumolt Motors' after-tax WACC is approximately 11.59%. Therefore, the correct answer is (a) 11.59%.
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show out in work clear Klingon Widgets,Inc.purchased new cloaking machinery five years ago for $20 million The machinery can be sold to the Romulans today for $18 million.Klingon's current balance sheet shows net fixed assets of $15.5 million.current liabilities of $700.000.and net working capital of $226.000,If all the current assets and current liabilities were liquidated today.the company would receive $1.08 million cash What is the book value of Klingon's total assets today?(Enter your answer in dollars.not millions of dollars.e.g.1.234.567. What is the sum of the market value of NWC and the market value of fixed assets? (Do not round intermediate calculations.Enter your answer in dollars,not millions ofdollors.e.g.1,234.567. Book value of total assets Sum of the market value of NWC and market value of fixed assets
The book value of klingon's total assets today is $16. to calculate the book value of klingon's total assets today, we need to consider the net fixed assets, current assets, and net working capital.
book value of total assets = net fixed assets + net working capital
given information:
net fixed assets = $15.5 million
net working capital = current assets - current liabilities = $1.08 million
book value of total assets = $15.5 million + $1.08 million = $16.58 million 58 million.
to calculate the sum of the market value of nwc and the market value of fixed assets, we need to consider the market value of the machinery and the market value of current assets.
market value of nwc = market value of current assets - market value of current liabilities
given information:
market value of current assets = $1.08 million
market value of current liabilities = $700,000
market value of nwc = $1.08 million - $700,000 = $380,000
sum of the market value of nwc and market value of fixed assets = market value of nwc + market value of fixed assets
given information:
market value of fixed assets = $18 million (as the machinery can be sold for this amount)
sum of the market value of nwc and market value of fixed assets = $380,000 + $18 million = $18,380,000
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Manon Corporation has two production departments, Casting and Customizing The company uses a job ordar corong system and computes predetured vemos each production dept. The Ceig Depar overeed rate is
Manon Corporation, which has two manufacturing departments, Casting and Customizing, employs a job order costing system and computes predetermined overhead rates for each department.
Manon Corporation has two production departments, Casting and Customizing. The organization uses a job order costing system and calculates predetermined overhead rates for each production department. In a job order costing system, overhead costs are accumulated by a specific job or order instead of by a time period. These costs include indirect labor, indirect materials, rent, utilities, and depreciation, among others. The casting department's predetermined overhead rate is computed as a percentage of direct labor cost, whereas the customizing department's predetermined overhead rate is computed as a percentage of machine hours. To put it another way, the casting department's overhead is primarily driven by labor, whereas the customizing department's overhead is primarily driven by machine use.
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b. Apply Pareto analysis to draw conclusions about the combined amount of money in checking and savings accounts. Complete the Pareto analysis table below. (Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.) Combined Checking Cumulative % % Cumulative % and Savings Customers 12,689 34.35 34.35 11.11 7,067 19.13 53.48 22.22 5,848 15.83 69.30 33.33 3,394 9.19 78.49 44.44 2,925 7.92 86.41 55.56 1,394 3.77 90.18 66.67 1,389 3.76 93.94 77.78 1,252 3.39 97.33 88.89 986 2.67 100 100 A1 fx Loan Purpose А B с D E F G Н. 1 J Months Customer Checking 0 Credit Risk Low 13 0 25 Savings 741 1252 391 347 4877 0 19 High High High Low 639 13 971 40 2925 0 11 Low 0 227 13 Low 0 537 14 Low 494 37 6573 978 0 25 49 1 Loan Purpose 2 Small Appliance 3 Furniture 4 New Car 5 Furniture 6 Education 7 Furniture 8 New Car 9 Business 10 Small Appliance 11 Small Appliance 12 Business 13 New Car 14 Business 15 New Car 16 New Car 17 Used Car 18 Furniture 19 New Car 20 Repairs 21 Education 22 23 24 Months Employed Marital Status 12 Single O Divorced 119 Single 14 Single 45 Single 13 Married 16 Married 2 Single 9 Single 4 Divorced o Single 15 Single 14 Married 63 Single 26 Single 8 Divorced 4 Divorced 33 Single 116 Single 2 Divorced Job Unskilled Skilled Management Unskilled Skilled Skilled Unskilled Unskilled Skilled Skilled Management Unskilled Skilled Skilled Unskilled Management Skilled Skilled Skilled Skilled High High High Low 0 0 951 3394 574 11 338 10 0 25 823 228 Low High Low 408 13 0 127 31 733 49 661 702 Low High Low 687 13 0 28 215 286 Low High 12403 7
The management can focus on the top 20% of the customers to retain them as they hold a significant amount of money. The Pareto analysis helps in prioritizing the resources and to focus on the areas that require attention. Hence, the management can use Pareto analysis to make data-driven decisions.
Pareto analysis is a statistical technique used to evaluate a large number of problems or issues, it ranks the problems in order of importance or size, and by prioritizing the largest issues, resources can be allocated to solve them first. Pareto analysis can be used in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and finance.In the problem given, the Pareto analysis table shows the combined amount of money in checking and savings accounts of the customers. The Pareto analysis table lists the percentage of the cumulative total of combined checking and savings accounts and the number of customers in that category. It helps the management to identify the areas that require attention based on the frequency and size of the problems.In the given Pareto analysis table, the top 20% of the customers hold about 70% of the total amount of money in checking and savings accounts, while the remaining 80% of the customers hold only 30% of the total amount of money. So, the management can focus on the top 20% of the customers to retain them as they hold a significant amount of money. The Pareto analysis helps in prioritizing the resources and to focus on the areas that require attention. Hence, the management can use Pareto analysis to make data-driven decisions.
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Please see the line from an amortization table from a 30- year, fixed-rate, fully amortized mortgage below. What is the annual interest rate on the loan? Beginning Ending Month Interest Amortization Balance Balance 54 $281,927.36 $1,409.64 $389.01 $281,538.35 Please enter your answer such that 3.25% would be input as 3.25.
The annual interest rate on the loan is approximately 1.66%.
To determine the annual interest rate on the loan, we need to analyze the interest and amortization amounts for the given month.
From the provided line of the amortization table, the interest amount for the month is $389.01.
The formula to calculate the monthly interest payment is:
Interest Payment = Monthly Interest Rate * Loan Balance
Since the loan balance decreased by the amortization amount during the month, we can approximate the average loan balance as the average of the beginning and ending balances:
Average Loan Balance = (Beginning Balance + Ending Balance) / 2
Let's substitute the known values into the formula:
$389.01 = Monthly Interest Rate * [(281,927.36 + 281,538.35) / 2]
$389.01 = Monthly Interest Rate * $281,732.85
Now we can solve for the monthly interest rate:
Monthly Interest Rate = $389.01 / $281,732.85
Monthly Interest Rate ≈ 0.0013807
To convert the monthly interest rate to an annual interest rate, we multiply it by 12:
Annual Interest Rate = 0.0013807 * 12
Annual Interest Rate ≈ 0.0165684
Converting to a percentage:
Annual Interest Rate ≈ 1.65684%
Therefore, the annual interest rate on the loan is approximately 1.66%.
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Which of the following is not a part of every linear programming problem formulation?
a. a set of constraints
b. a redundant constraint
c. maximization or minimization of a linear function
d. non-negativity constraints
e. an objective function
The component that is not a part of every linear programming problem formulation is a redundant constraint (option b). While some problems may include redundant constraints, they are not necessary for every problem formulation. The other components (constraints, objective function, non-negativity constraints) are essential for defining the problem and finding its optimal solution.
Linear programming is a mathematical method used to optimize a linear objective function subject to a set of linear constraints. The goal is to find the optimal solution that satisfies all the constraints while maximizing or minimizing the objective function. In every linear programming problem formulation, there are certain components that are necessary to define the problem and find its optimal solution. These components include:
1. A set of decision variables: These are the unknown quantities that we want to determine in the problem.
2. An objective function: This is a linear function that we want to maximize or minimize.
3. A set of constraints: These are linear equations or inequalities that restrict the values of the decision variables.
4. Non-negativity constraints: These are constraints that specify that the decision variables cannot be negative.
In addition to these four components, some linear programming problems may include redundant constraints. These are constraints that do not add any additional information to the problem and can be removed without affecting the optimal solution. A linear programming problem formulation must include a set of decision variables, an objective function, a set of constraints, and non-negativity constraints. The inclusion of redundant constraints is optional and depends on the specific problem. A redundant constraint is not part of every linear programming problem, as it does not affect the feasible region or the optimal solution. It is an unnecessary constraint that can be removed without changing the outcome of the problem.
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You want to invest in United stated mixed mutual fund. Provide
10 mixed mutual fund in United stated.
Answer Example: 1. Vanguard Inflation-Protected Securities
(VIPSX)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Here are 10 mixed mutual funds in the United States:
Vanguard Balanced Index Fund (VBINX)Fidelity Balanced Fund (FBALX)T. Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Fund (PRWCX)American Funds American Balanced Fund (ABALX)PIMCO Income Fund (PONAX)BlackRock Global Allocation Fund (MDLOX)Dodge & Cox Balanced Fund (DODBX)JPMorgan SmartRetirement Blend 2025 Fund (JNSBX)Fidelity Strategic Income Fund (FSICX)Vanguard Wellington Fund (VWELX)These funds represent a mix of stocks and bonds, providing investors with a diversified investment approach that combines growth and income potential. It's important to conduct further research and consider your investment goals and risk tolerance before making any investment decisions.
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"One of your group members suggested to manipulate the figures
you have calculated under activity-based costing.
Question: Is it ethical? explain why and how. be sure to give
examples.
No, it is not ethical to manipulate the figures calculated under activity-based costing (ABC).Activity-Based Costing is an accounting method used to identify and allocate costs to each product or service based on the activities used to produce them.
Activity-Based Costing (ABC) can be used by firms to improve their competitiveness by reducing the cost of their goods or services, identifying areas of process improvement, and reducing costs in each product or service. The method also ensures that the correct prices are assigned to goods and services as well as improving the company's decision-making capabilities.In an ABC environment, manipulation of figures will lead to the misallocation of costs, resulting in the inaccurate calculation of product or service prices.
Therefore, misleading pricing will lead to the production of goods or services with inaccurate costs. As a result, the company may incur losses, and customers may feel cheated as well. In addition, manipulating figures in ABC results in the accumulation of inaccurate data, which can mislead stakeholders in making informed decisions. As a result, the trustworthiness of the company may be questioned, and investor confidence may be eroded. As a result, the manipulation of figures in ABC is unethical.Example of why it is not ethical to manipulate figures:Consider an example where an ABC system is used by a firm to calculate the cost of a product. The company uses two activities in the production process, activity A and activity B. Suppose that the cost of activity A is $1,000 and the cost of activity B is $3,000. The cost of producing a product is $5,000. The company has two products, product X and product Y. According to ABC calculations, product X is responsible for 40% of activity A and 60% of activity B, whereas product Y is responsible for 60% of activity A and 40% of activity B.Therefore, using ABC calculations, the cost of producing product X is ($1000*40%) + ($3000*60%) = $2600, whereas the cost of producing product Y is ($1000*60%) + ($3000*40%) = $3400.However, if figures are manipulated, and the costs are misallocated, product X may be assigned a cost of $3200, and product Y may be assigned a cost of $2800. This implies that product Y will be sold at a lower price than it should be, while product X will be sold at a higher price. As a result, the company may experience losses, and its reputation may suffer as well.
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Explain the difference between each type of mortgage. Why might a homeowner choose one type of mortgage over the other?
a. Conventional mortgage or high-ratio mortgage?
b. Open or closed mortgage?
c. Fixed-rate or variable rate mortgage?
d. Short term or long term mortgage?
a. Conventional mortgage or high-ratio mortgage:
A conventional mortgage is a type of mortgage where the borrower provides a down payment of at least 20% of the home's purchase price. In contrast, a high-ratio mortgage is a type of mortgage where the borrower has a down payment of less than 20% and requires mortgage loan insurance.
A homeowner might choose a conventional mortgage when they have a larger down payment, which can help them avoid the additional cost of mortgage loan insurance. On the other hand, a high-ratio mortgage can be chosen when the homeowner has a smaller down payment, allowing them to enter the housing market with a lower upfront cost.
b. Open or closed mortgage:
An open mortgage is a type of mortgage that allows the homeowner to make additional payments or pay off the entire mortgage amount before the maturity date without incurring a penalty. In contrast, a closed mortgage has specific terms and conditions, including limitations on prepayment options.
A homeowner might choose an open mortgage when they have the flexibility to make additional payments or pay off the mortgage early without any penalties. This can be advantageous if they expect to have extra funds available in the future. A closed mortgage, on the other hand, might be chosen when the homeowner prefers a fixed payment schedule and is unlikely to make significant prepayments.
c. Fixed-rate or variable rate mortgage:
A fixed-rate mortgage is a type of mortgage where the interest rate remains constant throughout the mortgage term. In contrast, a variable rate mortgage has an interest rate that fluctuates based on changes in a specified benchmark, such as the prime rate.
A homeowner might choose a fixed-rate mortgage when they prefer stability and want to know their exact monthly mortgage payments over the term of the loan. This is particularly beneficial when interest rates are expected to rise. A variable rate mortgage might be chosen when the homeowner is comfortable with potential fluctuations in interest rates and believes that rates may decrease in the future.
d. Short term or long term mortgage:
A short-term mortgage typically has a term of one to five years, while a long-term mortgage has a term of six years or more. The term refers to the length of time the mortgage agreement is in effect before it needs to be renewed or renegotiated.
A homeowner might choose a short-term mortgage when they anticipate changes in their financial situation or expect interest rates to decrease. This allows them to benefit from potentially lower interest rates when the mortgage term ends. On the other hand, a long-term mortgage provides stability and predictability in mortgage payments over a longer period, which can be advantageous when interest rates are expected to rise.
Ultimately, the choice of mortgage type depends on the homeowner's financial goals, risk tolerance, and current market conditions. It is important for homeowners to carefully consider their options, consult with mortgage professionals, and assess their long-term financial plans before making a decision.
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The commercial banks take the funds that their customers
deposit in their accounts and lend them out to others but it has no
impact on liquidity.
A) True
B) Fault
The statement is B) False.
Commercial banks do take the funds that their customers deposit in their accounts and lend them out to others, which is a core function of banking known as the fractional reserve system.
When banks lend out funds, they create new loans and increase the money supply in the economy. This expansion of credit and money can have an impact on the overall liquidity of the banking system. By lending out customer deposits, banks effectively transform them into loans, which in turn can be used for various economic activities.
Furthermore, banks are required to maintain a certain level of liquidity to meet withdrawal demands from customers. This reserve requirement ensures that banks have sufficient funds available to honor deposit withdrawals and maintain stability in the banking system. Failure to maintain adequate liquidity can lead to liquidity problems and potentially bank runs.
In summary, while commercial banks do lend out customer deposits, their lending activities do have an impact on liquidity, both in terms of increasing the money supply and maintaining necessary reserves.
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As the Country Director of a multi-national company in Ghana, you have de
cided to conduct a survey among tertiary students in Ghana about their per
ception of a new non-alcoholic beverage you have introduced into the mark
et. Identify, justify your choice, and explain any two (2) non-probability sam
pling techniques and any two (2) probability sampling techniques that can
be employed for such a survey. Discuss how you will use each technique to
select sampling elements for the study.
Non-probability sampling techniques are used in surveys where a random sample is not possible to get. The sampling relies on the discretion of the researcher, and therefore, the sample is not representative of the population.
Non-probability sampling techniques are useful when the budget for the research is limited or when the researcher is more interested in studying certain groups of people. Two non-probability sampling techniques are:1. Convenience sampling- This technique is chosen because of its convenience and low cost.
This type of sampling technique can be implemented by choosing respondents based on how easy they are to reach or how convenient it is to get them. This method is cost-effective but may lead to biased samples.2. Quota sampling- This technique involves the researcher's setting quotas for each subgroup. For example, the researcher might choose a quota of 50 males and 50 females.
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Question 5 (11 points) i. You buy 5,000 4-month call options at $4 each and sell 4,000 4-month call options on the same share at $3 each. The first option has an exercise price of 100 while the second
Buying 5,000 4-month call options and selling 4,000 4-month call options with the same strike price of $100 has a net cost of $8,000. The option you bought has a positive payoff when the underlying asset price is above $100, while the option you sold has a negative payoff when the underlying asset price is above $100.
A call option is an agreement in which the seller of the option grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to purchase a certain quantity of the underlying asset at a specified price, known as the strike price, on or before a particular date, known as the expiration date.Therefore, the buyer of the call option is expecting the underlying asset to increase in value above the strike price of the option before the option expires. The seller of the call option, on the other hand, hopes that the price of the underlying asset will stay below the strike price, allowing them to keep the premium paid by the buyer.In this case, you bought 5,000 4-month call options at $4 each, which means you paid $20,000 in total. You sold 4,000 4-month call options at $3 each, which means you received $12,000 in total. Therefore, your net cost for the options position is $8,000.In addition, the exercise price of the first option you bought is $100, indicating that you believe the underlying asset will rise above $100 before the option expires. This option's payoff is given by:Payoff = Maximum [0, (Final price - Strike price)] - Premium paid= Max [0, (Final price - $100)] - $4 per optionNow, if the final price is above $100, you will exercise the option and receive a payout equal to the difference between the final price and the strike price minus the premium you paid per option. If the final price is below $100, the option will expire worthless, and you will lose the premium you paid per option.On the other hand, the second option you sold has the same exercise price of $100, which means you believe that the underlying asset will not rise above $100 before the option expires. This option's payoff is given by:Payoff = - Maximum [0, (Final price - Strike price)] + Premium received= - Max [0, (Final price - $100)] + $3 per optionNow, if the final price is above $100, the option will be exercised, and you will have to deliver the underlying asset to the buyer at the strike price of $100. Your total payout will be the difference between the strike price and the final price minus the premium you received per option. If the final price is below $100, the option will expire worthless, and you will keep the premium you received per option.In conclusion, buying 5,000 4-month call options and selling 4,000 4-month call options with the same strike price of $100 has a net cost of $8,000. The option you bought has a positive payoff when the underlying asset price is above $100, while the option you sold has a negative payoff when the underlying asset price is above $100.
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To reduce the use of fossil fuel, one government decides to subsidise the suppliers of electric vehicles with a subsidy of $2 for every car they sell. Prior to the subsidy, the supply curve for electric cars is given by: p = 12 + Q. The demand curve is given by the following: p = 50 – Q.
8. After the subsidy is imposed, the new supply curve is:
a) p = 52 - Q
b) p = 14 + Q
c) None of the other answers is correct.
d) p = 48 - Q
e) p = 10 + Q
9. After the subsidy is imposed, how much is the total cost of the subsidy to the government?
a) 36
b) 18
c) 40
d) None of the other answers is correct.
e) 42
The answer to question 8 is option b) p = 14 + Q. When a subsidy is given to the suppliers, their cost of production reduces. In this case, the subsidy is $2 per car, so the new supply curve will be the old supply curve shifted up by $2. Hence, the new supply curve will be p = 12 + Q + 2, which simplifies to p = 14 + Q.
The answer to question 9 is option e) 42. The total cost of the subsidy to the government can be calculated by multiplying the subsidy per car with the number of cars sold. The subsidy per car is $2, and the quantity demanded can be found by equating the new supply curve with the demand curve: 14 + Q = 50 - Q, which gives Q = 18. Therefore, the total cost of the subsidy will be $2 x 18 = $36.
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Sara has owned and operated Castaway’s Marina in Marina Del Rey for several years. Castaway’s sells boats and provides dock space and winter boat storage to its customers. On August 1, 2020 Ben purchased Castaway’s Marina from Sara. As part of the sale, Ben took over all of the existing contracts Sara had for the storage and docking of boats. Rita had a written contract with Sara to store her boat at the Marina over the winter and to rent a dock space at the Marina during the boating season. The contract was due to expire on March 31, 2021. When Rita went to the Marina on October 1, 2020 to arrange to have her boat removed from the water and placed into storage for the winter, she learned that the Marina had been sold. Ben told her that he would be willing to renew Rita’s contract for dock space and storage for the period of April 1, 2021 through April 1, 2022, at the same price she had paid in 2020, if Rita would agree immediately. Ben said he was planning to double rents over the next few years, so Rita should lock in his low rate ASAP! Rita responded, "Wow, I heard prices for dock space are going up- but I didn’t realize they would be doubling! I wouldn’t be able to afford my boat if my rent was doubled! It really sounds like a great deal! Thanks!" This was the last conversation that Rita had with Ben on the topic and they did not prepare any written document. Thereafter, on March 1, 2021, Rita notified Ben that she was moving her boat to another marina and had arranged to have her boat towed to the new marina. Ben demanded that Rita pay him for the dock space and storage for April 1, 2021- April 1, 2022, as they previously discussed, claiming that he and Rita had an enforceable contract. Rita refused to pay. What result? Identify and analyze all possible claims and defenses. Use IRAC format.
Issue: The issue in this scenario is whether Ben and Rita have entered into an enforceable contract for the dock space and storage at Castaway's Marina for the period of April 1, 2021, to April 1, 2022.
Rule: To determine if a valid contract exists, the following elements must be present: offer, acceptance, consideration, capacity, and legal purpose. Additionally, contracts for the sale of goods worth $500 or more must satisfy the statute of frauds by having a written agreement.
Application:
- Offer: Ben offered to renew Rita's contract for dock space and storage at the same price she had paid in 2020 for the period of April 1, 2021, to April 1, 2022.
- Acceptance: Rita expressed her willingness to accept the offer by stating, "Wow, I heard prices for dock space are going up - but I didn't realize they would be doubling! I wouldn't be able to afford my boat if my rent was doubled! It really sounds like a great deal! Thanks!"
- Consideration: The consideration for the contract is the rental payment for the dock space and storage services.
- Capacity: Both parties, Ben and Rita, have the capacity to enter into a contract.
- Legal Purpose: The contract involves the rental of dock space and storage, which is a legal purpose.
Rita's Defense:
Rita may have a defense based on the lack of a written agreement to satisfy the statute of frauds. As per the rule, contracts for the sale of goods worth $500 or more require a written agreement. The oral agreement between Ben and Rita for the renewal of the contract may not meet the statute of frauds requirements.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, there is a potential dispute between Ben and Rita regarding the existence of an enforceable contract. Ben argues that an oral agreement was reached, while Rita may raise a defense based on the statute of frauds. The outcome will depend on whether the court considers the oral agreement to be enforceable or if it falls under the statute of frauds, requiring a written agreement.
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Robyn is getting a mortgage for a house and will borrow $700,000. For this mortgage, the amortized loan requires annual payments for 6 years at a 6.0% annual interest rate. How much of the first payment (to the nearest cent) is the interest owed for the first year of the loan?
The interest owed for the first year of the loan on a $700,000 mortgage with a 6-year term and a 6.0% annual interest rate can be calculated.
To calculate the interest owed for the first year of the loan, we need to determine the annual payment and the remaining principal after the first payment. The mortgage is amortized, which means that each payment consists of both interest and principal.
The formula to calculate the annual payment on an amortized loan is:
Annual Payment = P * r * (1 + r)^n / ((1 + r)^n - 1)
Where:
P = Principal loan amount
r = Monthly interest rate (annual interest rate divided by 12)
n = Total number of payments
In this case, the principal loan amount is $700,000, the annual interest rate is 6.0%, and the loan term is 6 years.
After calculating the annual payment, we can determine the interest owed for the first year by multiplying the remaining principal after the first payment by the monthly interest rate.
Since the question asks for the interest owed for the first year of the loan, we assume that the first payment is made at the beginning of the loan term.
By applying the calculations described above, the exact amount of interest owed for the first year of the loan can be determined to the nearest cent.
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Larry (age 65, DOB: 2/19/1955, SSN: 231-00-7856) and Agnes Miller (age 58, DOB: 7/9/1962,
SSN: 224-00-6767) live at 4553 Bowman’s Lane, Your City, Your State – Your Zip. The Millers
were covered by a health insurance policy for the entire year. The Millers do not wish to designate
$3 of their taxes for the Presidential Campaign Fund.
The Miller’s provided all of the support for their grandson, Chuck Robinson (age 4, DOB: 8/4/2016,
SSN: 343-00-7852), ever since he came to live with them on January 15, 2020.
Larry is retired but works as a part-time security guard and Agnes is a manager.
Larry sold land on June 10, 2020, which he inherited from his mother on December 8, 2002. The
land was purchased by Larry’s father on May 28, 1963. The purchase price of the land was $4,000.
The fair market value of the land was $21,500 on the date of death. Larry sold the land for $25,000.
He spent $450 for advertising.
Based on the provided information, here is a summary of the relevant details for Larry and Agnes Miller:
- Larry Miller:
- Age: 65
- Date of Birth: 2/19/1955
- Social Security Number (SSN): 231-00-7856
- Occupation: Part-time security guard (retired)
- Sold inherited land on June 10, 2020:
- Inherited land on December 8, 2002
- Land purchased by Larry's father on May 28, 1963 for $4,000
- Fair market value of the land on the date of Larry's mother's death: $21,500
- Sold the land for $25,000
- Advertising expenses for the sale: $450
- Agnes Miller:
- Age: 58
- Date of Birth: 7/9/1962
- Social Security Number (SSN): 224-00-6767
- Occupation: Manager
- Address: 4553 Bowman's Lane, Your City, Your State - Your Zip
- Support for Chuck Robinson:
- Chuck Robinson:
- Age: 4
- Date of Birth: 8/4/2016
- Social Security Number (SSN): 343-00-7852
- Chuck has been living with Larry and Agnes since January 15, 2020.
- Larry and Agnes provide all of Chuck's support.
Additionally, it is mentioned that the Millers do not wish to designate $3 of their taxes for the Presidential Campaign Fund.
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1. In class, we modeled growth in an economy by a growing population. We could also achieve a growing economy by having an endowment that increases over time. To see this, consider the following economy. Let the number of young people born in each period be constant at N. There is a constant stock of fiat money, M. Each young person born in period t is endowed with y units of the consumption good when young and nothing when old. The individual endowment grows over time so that y = ayt-1, where a > 1. For simplicity, assume that in each period t, young people desire to hold real money balances equal to one-half of their endowment. (a) Find the rate of return of money in this economy. Explain your results. (b) How could the government achieve a rate of return of 1 in this economy? Explain your results.
In this economy, the rate of return of money can be determined by examining the growth in the individual endowment and the desired money balances.
(a) To find the rate of return of money in this economy, we need to consider the relationship between the individual endowment and the desired money balances.
Rate of return of money = (Desired money balances in period t) / (Desired money balances in period t-1)
Since the desired money balances in each period are proportional to the endowment, the rate of return of money can be expressed as:
Rate of return of money = (y_t / y_t-1) = (a * y_t-1 / y_t-1) = a
(b) To achieve a rate of return of 1 in this economy, the government would need to adjust the money supply in response to changes in the endowment. If the endowment grows at a rate of 'a', the government would need to increase the money supply at the same rate to maintain a stable rate of return of 1.
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McCoy has the following account balances as of December 31, 2020 before an acquisition transaction takes place.
Inventory $125,000
Land 450,000
Buildings 575,000
Liabilities (590,000)
Common stock ($10 par) (75,000)
APIC (200,000)
Retained earnings (12/31/20) (285,000)
The fair value of McCoy’s Land and Buildings are $650,000 and $600,000, respectively. On December 31, 2020, Ferguson Company issues 30,000 shares of its $10 par value ($30 fair value) common stock in exchange for all of the shares of McCoy’s common stock. Ferguson paid $12,000 for costs to issue the new shares of stock. Before the acquisition, Ferguson has $800,000 in its common stock account and $350,000 in its additional paid-in capital account.
On December 31, 2020, assuming that McCoy will retain its separate corporate existence, what value is assigned to Ferguson’s investment account?
rev: 10_05_2019_QC_CS-182995, 10_11_2021_QC_CS-281560
Multiple Choice
$600,000.
$912,000.
$300,000.
$900,000.
$150,000
The value assigned to Ferguson's investment account is $660,000.
To determine the value assigned to Ferguson's investment account, we need to calculate the fair value of McCoy's net identifiable assets.
Fair Value of McCoy's Land: $650,000Fair Value of McCoy's Buildings: $600,000Fair Value of McCoy's Liabilities: ($590,000)Fair Value of McCoy's Common Stock: ($75,000)Fair Value of McCoy's Additional Paid-in Capital (APIC): ($200,000)Fair Value of McCoy's Retained Earnings: ($285,000)Now, let's calculate net identifiable assets of McCoy:
Net Identifiable Assets = Fair Value of Assets - Fair Value of Liabilities
Net Identifiable Assets = ($650,000 + $600,000) - $590,000
Net Identifiable Assets = $1,250,000 - $590,000
Net Identifiable Assets = $660,000
Since Ferguson is exchanging its shares for all of the shares of McCoy's common stock, the value assigned to Ferguson's investment account will be equal to the net identifiable assets of McCoy.
Therefore, the value assigned to Ferguson's investment account is $660,000. However, none of the available multiple-choice options match this value. Thus, none of the provided answer choices are correct.
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Question 1. (4 Marks) Blue Star LLC sold goods worth $50,000 to Reem Bros on Credit on 1st April 2015. On June 20th Reem Bros paid $45000 and the balance was written off as uncollectible. On September
Blue Star LLC sold goods worth $50,000 to Reem Bros on Credit on April 1st, 2015. On June 20th, Reem Bros paid $45,000, and the balance was written off as uncollectible. On September 30th, the company made an adjusting entry to record the uncollectible amount of the receivable.
As a result of Reem Bros's partial payment, Blue Star's accounts receivable balance on June 20th decreased to $5,000. The balance was deemed uncollectible on September 30th, resulting in a bad debt expense for Blue Star LLC. The write-off reduces the company's total assets and net income for the period.Blue Star LLC's uncollectible amount of accounts receivable should be recorded as a bad debt expense on the income statement.
When a sale is made on credit, the company's accounts receivable increases, but this does not imply that the customer will pay the amount owed. Some customers may become insolvent, file for bankruptcy, or fail to pay the balance owed. When this happens, the company must remove the uncollectible amount from its accounts receivable balance. This is done by recording a bad debt expense on the income statement.
The bad debt expense is debited, and the allowance for doubtful accounts is credited when the write-off is made. The allowance for doubtful accounts is a contra asset account that reduces the accounts receivable balance. When an account is deemed uncollectible, it is debited, and the allowance for doubtful accounts is credited.
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