Based on this information what is the most likely reason for refrigerating most foods reduce the rate at which they spoil
Answer: The lower temperature reduces molecule speeds, reducing the number of effective collisions.
Explanation:
Which of the following bases is the WEAKEST? The base is followed by its Kb value. Group of answer choices HOCH2CH2NH2, 3.2 × 10-5 (CH3CH2)3N, 5.2 × 10-4 NH3, 1.76 × 10-5 C5H5N, 1.7 × 10-9 Since these are all weak bases, they have the same strength.
Answer:
C₅H₅N being the weakest base
Explanation:
A weak base (B) is defined as a chemical compound that, in reaction with water, produce a small quantity of BH⁺
The general reaction is:
B + H₂O ⇄ BH⁺ + OH⁻ Where Kb is defined as:
Kb = [BH⁺] [OH⁻] / [B]
That means the smallest Kb is the weakest base because is producing the smallest quantity of BH⁺.
In the problem, the smallest Kb is C₅H₅N being the weakest base.
Nitrogen is a group 15 element. What does being in this group imply about the structure of the nitrogen atom?
O A. Nitrogen has 15 valence electrons.
OB.
Nitrogen has 15 neutrons.
OC. Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons.
D.
Nitrogen has 5 neutrons.
Answer:
D. Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons.
Explanation:
Nitrogen is an element in group 5A of the periodic table. Elements in group 5A all contain just 5 valence electrons. (Electrons in the outer shell).
**Elements are organized into these groups in a periodic table based on the number of valence electrons which determines their charge. (Does not apply to transition metals)
a gas obeys the equation of state p(v-b)=RT.for the gas b=0.0391L/mol.calculate the fugacity coefficient for the gas at 1000°c and 1000atm
Answer:
The fugacity coefficient is [tex][\frac{f}{p} ] = 1.45[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The gas obeys the equation [tex]p(v-b) = RT[/tex]
The value of b is [tex]b = b = 0.0391 \ L /mol[/tex]
The pressure is [tex]p = 1000 \ atm[/tex]
The temperature is [tex]T= 1000^oC = 1273 K[/tex]
generally
[tex]RT ln[\frac{f}{p} ] = \int\limits^{p}_{o} [ {v_{r} -v_{i}} ]\, dp[/tex]
Where [tex]\frac{f}{p}[/tex] is the fugacity coefficient
[tex]v_r[/tex] is the real volume which is mathematically evaluated from above equation as
[tex]v_r = \frac{RT}{p} + b[/tex]
[tex]v_r = \frac{RT}{p} + 0.0391[/tex]
and [tex]v_{i}[/tex] is the ideal volume which is evaluated from the ideal gas equation (pv = nRT , at n= 1) as
[tex]v_{i} = \frac{RT}{p}[/tex]
So
[tex]RT ln[\frac{f}{p} ] = \int\limits^{1000}_{o} [[ \frac{RT}{p} + 0.0391] - [\frac{RT}{p} ]} ]\, dp[/tex]
=> [tex]RT ln[\frac{f}{p} ] = \int\limits^{1000}_{o} [0.391 ]\, dp[/tex]
=> [tex]RT ln[\frac{f}{p} ] = [0.391p]\left | 1000} \atop {0}} \right.[/tex]
=> [tex]RT ln[\frac{f}{p} ] = 38.1[/tex]
So
[tex]ln[\frac{f}{p} ] = \frac{39.1}{RT}[/tex]
Where R is the gas constant with value [tex]R = 0.082057\ L \cdot atm \cdot mol^{-1}\cdot K^{-1}[/tex]
[tex][\frac{f}{p} ] = \frac{39.1}{ 2.303 *0.082057 * 1273}[/tex]
[tex][\frac{f}{p} ] = 1.45[/tex]
• Briefly discuss the cause of errors in the measurements
Le Chatelier's Principle. For the reaction below, if the equilibrium concentrations were NH3 = 2 x 10-4, H3O+ = 2 x 10-4M and NH4+ = 18.0M, what is the equilibrium constant for the reaction and what would happen if you were to add some acid to this reaction? NH3 + H3O+ --> NH4+ + H2O
Answer:
Explanation:
NH3 + H3O+ --> NH4+ + H2O
equllibrium constant =K = [ H2O] [NH4+] / [NH3] [H3O+ ]
=
by inserting thier respecive values can you calcaulte, by the way coniseder [ H2O] =1 ,
30
Drag each number to the correct location on the equation. Each number can be used more than once, but not all numbers will be used.
Balance the equation with the correct coefficients.
2
3
4
5
SIO2 +
HF → SiF4 +
H2O
Reset
Next
Answer:
The balanced equation is given below:
SiO2 + 4HF —> SiF4 + 2H2O
The coefficients are 1, 4, 1, 2
Explanation:
The equation for the reaction is given below:
SiO2 + HF —> SiF4 + H2O
The above equation can be balance by as follow:
There are 4 atoms of F on the right side and 1 atom on the left side. It can be balance by putting 4 in front of HF as shown below:
SiO2 + 4HF —> SiF4 + H2O
Therefore are 4 atoms of H on the left side and 2 atoms on the right side. It can be balance by putting 2 in front of H2O as shown below:
SiO2 + 4HF —> SiF4 + 2H2O
Now the equation is balanced.
Identify the Lewis acids and Lewis bases in the following reactions:
1. H+ + OH- <-> H2O Lewis acid: Lewis base:
2. Cl- + BCl3 <-> BCl4- Lewis acid: Lewis base:
3. K+ + 6H2O <-> K(H2O)6+ Lewis acid: Lewis base:
Answer: 1. [tex]H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O[/tex] Lewis acid : [tex]H^+[/tex], Lewis base : [tex]OH^-[/tex]
2. [tex]Cl^-+BCl_3\rightarrow BCl_4^-[/tex] Lewis acid : [tex]BCl_3[/tex], Lewis base : [tex]Cl^-[/tex]
3. [tex]K^++6H_2O\rightarrow K(H_2O)_6[/tex] Lewis acid : [tex]K^+[/tex], Lewis base : [tex]H_2O[/tex]
Explanation:
According to the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a substance that accepts electron pairs and base is defined as a substance which donates electron pairs.
1. [tex]H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O[/tex]
As [tex]H^+[/tex] gained electrons to complete its octet. Thus it acts as lewis acid.[tex]OH^-[/tex] acts as lewis base as it donates lone pair of electrons to electron deficient specie [tex]H^+[/tex].
2. [tex]Cl^-+BCl_3\rightarrow BCl_4^-[/tex]
As [tex]BCl_3[/tex] is short of two electrons to complete its octet. Thus it acts as lewis acid. [tex]Cl^-[/tex] acts as lewis base as it donates lone pair of electrons to electron deficient specie [tex]BCl_3[/tex].
3. [tex]K^++6H_2O\rightarrow K(H_2O)_6[/tex]
As [tex]K^+[/tex] is short of electrons to complete its octet. Thus it acts as lewis acid. [tex]H_2O[/tex] acts as lewis base as it donates lone pair of electrons to electron deficient specie [tex]K^+[/tex].
Experiment predicted observation A student has two unopened cans containing carbonated water. Can A has been stored in the garage () and can B has been stored in the fridge (). The student opens one can at the time, both cans make a fizz.
A) The fizz will be the same for both cans
B) There is not enough information to predict which can will make the louder fizz
C) Can A will make a louder and stronger fizz than can B.
D) Can B will make a louder and stronger fizz than can A.
Answer:
Can A will make a louder and stronger fizz than can B.
Explanation:
Temperature has a direct effect on gas solubility. We know that carbonated water contains carbon dioxide dissolved in water. The extent of dissolution or solubility of this gas is dependent on the temperature of the system.
As the temperature of the system rises, the solubility of gas in solution decreases. It follows that can A, having been stored in a garage is definitely at a higher temperature than can B stored in the refrigerator.
Since solubility of gases decreases with increasing temperature, the carbon dioxide in can A will be less soluble than in can B. This will cause can A to make a louder and stronger fizz when opened than can B.
An EpiPen, used to treat anaphalactic allergic reactions, contains 0.30 mg of epinephrine. The concentration of epinephrine in each syringe is 1.0 mg/mL. What is the volume, in milliliters (mL), of solution in each syringe
Answer:
0.3mL
Explanation:
Mass = 0.30mg
Concentration = 1.0 mg/mL
Volume = x
The relationship between the three parameters is given as;
Concentration = Mass / Volume
Making Volume our subject of interest we have;
Volume = Mass / Concentration
Substituting the values we have;
Volume = 0.30 mg / 1 mg/mL = 0.3mL
What is cell culturing?
a technique that uses specific antibodies to visualize features of cells
a technique that visualizes how specific genes are used within a cell
a technique in which cells are purposefully grown under specific conditions
an imaging technology used to study features smaller than the human eye can see
Answer:
a technique in which cells are purposefully grown under specific conditions
Explanation:
Answer:
its c
Explanation:
correct edge2020
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is subject to allosteric control, especially inhibition by reaction products. The main regulatory process controlling pyruvate dehydrogenase's activity in eukaryotes is
a. exchange of ADP and ATP on the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
b. phosphorylation by ATP, which turns the complex on, and dephosphorylation, which turns the complex off.
c. AMP binding to and activating the enzyme.
d. phosphorylation by ATP, which turns the complex off, and dephosphorylation, which turns the
Answer:
D. Phosphorylation by ATP, which turns the complex off, and dephosphorylation, which turns the complex on.
Explanation:
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to acetylCoA, the fuel for the citric acid cycle.
The regulation of the activity of PDH is allosterically by the products of the reaction which it catalyses. These products are ATP, acetylCoA and NADH. When their is sufficient fuel available for the needs of the cells in the form of ATP, the complex is turned off by phosphorylation of one of the two subunits of E1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase). This phosphorylation inactivates E1. When the concentration of ATP declines, a specific phosphatase removes the phosphoryl group from E1, thereby activating the complex again.
CHEMISTRY HELP!
using only the periodic table, determine the charge on the ion that is formed by arsenic.
The ion charge is:
a. -3
b. -2
c. -1
d. 0
e. +1
f. +2
g. +3
also what is it for elements lithium and strontium?
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Arsenic is in the same group as Nitrogen - group 5. They all have 5 valence electrons in their outermost shell. To achieve its most stable state - 8 valence electrons (octet rule - elements are most stable when the entire shell is filled) - arsenic needs to gain 3 electrons. Since electrons have a negative charge, the charge of an As ion would be -3.
Try observing the periodic table and how many valence electrons that each element has. From there, you can determine the charges of the elements lithium and strontium. You can guess, I'll help you with those once you attempt to find the charge of those ions.
Balance the following chemical equation:
NH4NO3
N20+
H2O
Answer:
NH4NO3 = N2O + 2(H2O)
Explanation:
there are 2 N, 4 H, 3 O
Answer:
NH4NO3=N2O+2H2O
Explanation:
N-2,O-3,H-4
WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!!! will give brainliest!!!!! ---------Write the molecular equation, complete ionic equation and net ionic equation of Barium nitrate reacting with potassium carbonate.
Answer:
Molecular:
Ba(NO3)2 + K2CO3 -> BaCO3 + 2KNO3
Complete ionic:
Ba2+ + 2NO3- + 2K+ + CO3 2- -> BaCO3 + 2K+ + 2NO3-
Net ionic:
Ba2+ + CO3 2- - > BaCO3
Explanation:
Molecular consists of all species reacting.
Complete ionic consists of all ionic species (ex. K+, NO3-) separated, as well as any compounds that didn't dissociate into ions (BaCO3 doesn't dissolve).
Net ionic doesn't include spectator ions (in this case, nitrate and potassium) and only species that aren't present on both sides of the arrow (barium and carbonate become a solid precipitate, so the ions aren't present as products, making them appear in the net ionic equation).
CAN SOMEONE HELP ME!!
Solutions of each of the hypothetical acids in the following table are prepared with an initial concentration of 0.100 M. Which of the four solutions will have the lowest pH and be most acidic? Explain please.
Acid pKa
HA 4.00
HB 7.00
HC 10.00
HD 11.00
a. HA
b. HB
c. HC
d. HD
e. All will have the same pH because the concentrations are the same.
Answer: HA has lowest pH and it is the most acidic as compared to the rest of given acids.
Explanation:
We know that relation between [tex]pK_a[/tex] and [tex]K_a[/tex] is as follows.
[tex]pK_a = -log K_a[/tex]
This means that more is the value of [tex]K_a[/tex], smaller will be the [tex]pK_a[/tex]. Also, more is the value of [tex]K_a[/tex] smaller will be the pH of a solution.
As, larger is the value of [tex]K_a[/tex] more negative will be the [tex]pK_a[/tex] value. Hence, stronger will be the acid.
In the given options, HA has the smallest [tex]pK_a[/tex] value.
Therefore, we can conclude that HA has lowest pH and it is the most acidic as compared to the rest of given acids.
Given that S is the central atom, draw a Lewis structure of OSF4 in which the formal charges of all atoms are zero. Draw the molecule by placing atoms on the grid and connecting them with bonds. Include all lone pairs of electrons.
Answer:
Here's what I get
Explanation:
A Lewis structure shows the valence electrons surrounding the atoms.
Your structure has two problems:
It shows too many valence electrons It violates the octet rule for O — there are 10 electrons around the O atom.Here's one way to draw a Lewis structure.
1. Draw a trial structure
Make F and O terminal atoms and give each one an octet (Fig. 1).
2. Count the valence electrons in the trial structure
5 BP + 15 LP = 10 + 30 = 40 electrons
3. Check the number of valence electrons available
1 S = 1 × 6 = 6 electrons
1 O = 1 × 6 = 6
4 F = 4 × 7 = 28
TOTAL = 40 electrons
The trial structure has the correct number of electrons.
4. Determine the formal charge on each atom.
To get the formal charges, we cut the covalent bonds in half.
Each atom gets the electrons on its side of the cut.
Formal charge = valence electrons in isolated atom - electrons on bonded atom
FC = VE - BE
(a) On S
VE = 6
BE = 5 bonding electrons = 5
FC = 6 - 5 = +1
(b) On O:
VE = 6
BE = 3 LP(six electrons) + 1 bonding electron = 7
FC = 6 - 7 = -1
(c) On F:
VE = 6
BE = 3 lone pairs(6 electrons) + 1 bonding electron = 6 + 1 =7
FC = 7 - 7 = 0
5. Minimize the formal charges
We must rearrange the valence electrons so that S gets one more and O gets one fewer.
Move a lone pair from the O to make an S=O double bond (Fig. 2).
6. Recalculate the formal charges
(a) On S
VE = 6
BE = (3 bonding electrons) = 6
FC = 6 - 6 = 0
(b) On O:
VE = 6
BE = 2 LP(four electrons) + 2 bonding electrons = 6
FC = 6 - 6 = 0
Fig. 2 shows the Lewis structure in which all atoms have a formal charge of zero.
The formal charge of the atoms can be concluded zero with the bond formation between the sulfur and oxygen atom.
The lewis structure can be defined as the dot structure of the valence bond with the bonded atoms. The formal charge can be calculated with the difference in the valence electrons and the bonding electrons.
The formal charge of an atom can be zero when the valence electrons and the bonding electrons are equal. In the structure of [tex]\rm OSF_4[/tex], the formal charge has been assigned zero with the bond formation resulting in the valence electrons and bonding electrons being equal.
The lewis structure with the central S atom has been attached.
For more information about lewis structure, refer to the link:
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Name the advantages of coronavirus
Answer: Positive environmental changes.
Explanation: Without many humans around, the environment has been getting better as more sea life have been spotted in places they haven't been for decades, as well as clearer waters and less rubbish about. Pollution levels have dropped as there are barley any planes in the sky and not many cars about.
Answer:
honestly,i can say that socially being away from people reduces stress
Explanation:
Empirical formula for compound of 2.17 mol N and 4.35 mol O
Answer:
Explanation:
ratio of moles of N and O in molecule =
N / O = 2.17 / 4.35
1/2
empirical formula = NO₂
Explain why both square planar and tetrahedral complexes have coordination number=4, and yet square planar complexes can never be chiral while tetrahedral complexes can.
Answer:
The coordination number is 4.
Explanation:
Square planar clusters can be either cis or trans, as they form 180 and 90-degree bond angles. Therefore, a pair of ions may be adjacent (cis) to one another and immediately across (trans) from one another. A square planar molecule could never be simultaneously cis and trans, so because several coordinators are 4. Since linear complexes have only an angle of a bond of 180 degrees, they can not have cis or trans-isomers. In the coordination complex, there is only yet another way possible of bonding the two binding sites to the steel.Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems? . 0.24 M hydrochloric acid + 0.23 M sodium chloride 0.28 M ammonia + 0.35 M ammonium nitrate 0.16 M barium hydroxide + 0.28 M barium bromide 0.15 M nitrous acid + 0.14 M potassium nitrite 0.35 M calcium nitrate + 0.21 M calcium iodide
Answer: 0.28 M ammonia + 0.35 M ammonium nitrate and 0.15 M nitrous acid + 0.14 M potassium nitrite
Explanation:
Buffer solution is the solution which resists the change in the magnitude of the pH when small additions of either acid or base is added.
Acidic Buffer solutions consist of weak acid and its conjugate base usually mixed in relatively equal and large quantities.
Basic Buffer solutions consist of weak base and its conjugate acid usually mixed in relatively equal and large quantities.
Thus 0.28 M ammonia + 0.35 M ammonium nitrate ( weak base + conjugate acid) and 0.15 M nitrous acid + 0.14 M potassium nitrite (weak acid + conjugate base) are good buffer systems
The aqueous solutions that are good buffer systems are:
0.28 M ammonia + 0.35 M ammonium nitrate. 0.15 M nitrous acid + 0.14 M potassium nitrite.We want to determine which of the given solutions would make a good buffer.
What is a buffer?A buffer is a solution used to resist abrupt changes in pH when an acid or a base is added.
What kinds of buffers exist?Acidic buffer: formed by a weak acid and its conjugate base.Basic buffer: formed by a weak base and its conjugate acid.Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems?
0.24 M hydrochloric acid + 0.23 M sodium chloride. No, since HCl is a strong acid.0.28 M ammonia + 0.35 M ammonium nitrate. Yes, it would be a good basic buffer.0.16 M barium hydroxide + 0.28 M barium bromide. No, since Ba(OH)₂ is a strong base. 0.15 M nitrous acid + 0.14 M potassium nitrite. Yes, it would be a good acidic buffer.0.35 M calcium nitrate + 0.21 M calcium iodide. No, since no acids nor bases are present.The aqueous solutions that are good buffer systems are:
0.28 M ammonia + 0.35 M ammonium nitrate. 0.15 M nitrous acid + 0.14 M potassium nitrite.Learn more about buffers here: brainly.com/question/24188850
What happens at this point
Answer:
What are you referring to exactly
Explanation:
Answer: C
Explanation:
There is a difference in air pressure. That's what I put and I got a 92.
What is the oxidation number of nitrogen in N20?
00
O+1
O +2
O +4
A patient arrives in the emergency room with a burn caused by steam. Calculate the heat that is released when 14.5 g of steam at 100. ∘C hits the skin, condenses, and cools to body temperature of 37.0 ∘C. (For water, 540 cal (2260 J) is needed to convert 1 g of water to vapor at 100 ∘C.)
Answer:36,592.1J or 36.5921KJ
Explanation:
first convert to steam
14.5 g of steam at 100∘C
To covert to water vaporor steam, becomes
14.5g x 2260 J of energy per gram of steam
=32,770J
Also, Quantity of heat released when the temperature is reduced from 100 ∘C to 37 ∘C, we will use the formulae,
q= m C ΔT
Where specific heat capacity of water C = 4.184 J/g.C
mass= 14.5g
Change in temperature= 100∘C-37∘C= 63∘C
we will now have
= 14.5 g x 4.184 J/g.Cx ( 100 - 37) C = 3,822.084 J= 3822.1J
Therefore total energy released = 32,770 J + 3822.1 J = 36,592.1J
OR converting to KJ becomes=36,592.1/1000=36.592KJ
How many moles of solute are contained in the following solution: 15.25 mL of a 2.10 M CaCl₂
Answer:
0.032moles
Explanation:
2.10moles in 1000ml what about 15.25ml
(15.25×2.10)÷1000
0.032moles
A 1.44 L buffer solution consists of 0.137 M butanoic acid and 0.275 M sodium butanoate. Calculate the pH of the solution following the addition of 0.069 moles of NaOH . Assume that any contribution of the NaOH to the volume of the solution is negligible. The Ka of butanoic acid is 1.52×10−5 .
Answer:
The answer is "[tex]P^{H}=5.379[/tex]".
Explanation:
[tex]\ NaOH \ value = \frac{n}{v}\\\\[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{0.069\ moles}{0.144L}\\\\=0.04791\ M[/tex]
[tex]\ Ka=1.52 \times 10^{-5}\\\\P^{ka} = -10g \ ka \\\\[/tex]
[tex]= -10 \times 1.52 \times 10^{-5}\\\\= 4.82\\[/tex]
Equation:
[tex]CH_3CH_2CH2COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3CH_2CH_2COONa +H_2O\\\\[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\left\begin{array}{ccccc}I &0.137 &0.04791 &0.275 & -- \\ C &-0.04791 &-0.04791 &+0.04791 & -- \\E &0.08909 &0&0.32291 & -- \end{array}\right}[/tex]
[tex]P^{H}= P^{ka}+\log\frac{CH_3CH_2CH_2COONa}{CH_3CH_2CH_2COOH}\\\\[/tex]
[tex]= 4.82+\log\frac{0.32291}{0.08909}\\\\=5.379[/tex]
2 Points
What is the voltage of an electrolytic cell with copper and magnesium
electrodes?
A. -2.71 v
B. 2.71 v
C. 2.03 V
D. -2.03 V
The voltage of an electrolytic cell with copper and magnesium electrodes is 2.71 v. Therefore, option B is correct.
What is an electrolytic cell ?The electrolytic cell is a type of cell that performs a redox reaction while using electrical energy. When electrical energy is applied, a redox reaction occurs in molten NaCl. It is therefore an electrolytic cell.
An electrolyte, two electrodes, and an electrolytic cell make up an electrolytic cell (a cathode and an anode). The electrolyte is typically a mixture of ions that have been dissolved in water or another solvent. Electrolytes can also be molten salts, like sodium chloride.
The standard reduction potential, E° of the metals are as below:
Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Mg; E° = -2.372
Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Cu; E° = +0.337
Therefore, magnesium has the the lower E°, it will serve as the anode in the electrolytic cell while copper will serve as the cathode.
At the anode; Mg ⇌ Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻, E° = -2.372
At the cathode; Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Cu, E° = +0.337
EMF of the cell = E° cathode - E° anode
= 0.337 - (-2.372) = 2.71 V
Therefore, EMF of the cell is 2.71 V
Thus, option B is correct.
To learn more about the electrolytic cell, follow the link;
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An electrochemical cell is constructed with a zinc metal anode in contact with a 0.052 M solution of zinc nitrate and a silver cathode in contact with a 0.0042 M solution of silver(I) nitrate. What is the value of Q to use in the Nernst equation for this cell
Answer:
Q = 12.38
Explanation:
The Nernst equation is given as; Ecell = E°cell - (2.303RT/nF) log Q ;where Q is the reaction quotient.
The reaction quotient, Q in a reaction, is the product of the concentrations of the products divided by the product of the concentrations of the reactants.
In an electrochemical cell, Q is the ratio of the concentration of the electrolyte at the anode to that of the electrolyte at the cathode.
Q = [anode]/[cathode]
therefore , Q = 0.052/0.0042 = 12.38
A structural model of retinol is shown below. How many hydrogen atoms are
in retinol?
HC CHS
H3C
H3c
"OH
CH
A. 30
B. 23
C. 16
D. 26
Answer:
A. 30
Explanation:
Retinol is the chemical form of Vitamin A. It has a chemical formula of C20H30O.
It is processed when retinyl palmitate is broken down in the small intestine. Retinol helps in the proper regulation of eye cells hence a vital component in ensuring good eye sight.
It also helps in the neutralization of free radicals in the body and acts as an antioxidant which prevents cells of the body from ageing.
In TLC chromatography of plant pigments, why do different pigments travel up the plate at different rates
