The statement "In chemistry, there is a change in the identity of a substance only if there is a combination of one substance with any other substance. This cause the occurrence due to chemical synthesis" describes a chemical change.
A chemical change is a change in which one or more substances are transformed into one or more different substances through chemical reactions. This is characterized by a change in the chemical properties or composition of a substance. The statement "In chemistry, there is a change in the identity of a substance only if there is a combination of one substance with any other substance. This cause the occurrence due to chemical synthesis" describes a chemical change because it highlights that in order for a change to be considered chemical, it must involve a combination of two or more substances forming a new substance through a chemical reaction. This new substance will have different properties and characteristics than the original substances, thus a change in the identity of a substance. Examples of chemical changes are combustion, rusting, photosynthesis, and digestion.
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Complete the following statements regarding the naming of the oxoanions containing chlorine.
a. ClO^- is the hypochlorite ion
b. ClO2- is the chlorite ion
c. ClO3- is the chlorate ion
d. ClO4- is the perchlorate ion
the following statements regarding the naming of the oxoanions containing chlorine.
a. ClO^- is the hypochlorite ion True
b. ClO2- is the chlorite ion-True
c. ClO3- is the chlorate ion-True
d. ClO4- is the perchlorate ion-True
An ion is an atom or molecule that has an unequal number of protons and electrons, giving it a net electrical charge. Ions can be positively charged (called cations) or negatively charged (called anions).The hypochlorite ion (ClO^-) is a negatively charged ion that contains one chlorine atom and one oxygen atom. It is formed when chlorine gas dissolves in water or when electrolysis is applied to saltwater. Hypochlorite ions can act as oxidizing agents and are used in various cleaning and disinfecting products.The chlorite ion (ClO2^-) is a negatively charged ion that contains one chlorine atom and two oxygen atoms. It is formed by the oxidation of chlorine dioxide and it is an intermediate product during the bleach production. Chlorite ions are also used as a sanitizing agent and water treatment.
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A particular unknown solid depresses the freezing point of stearic acid (Kf =4.5 °C/molal) by 3.5 C. If you dissolve the same solid in H2O (Kf = 1.86 C/molal) to the same final molality as you had it in the stearic acid, what would the change in freezing point be?
The freezing point depression of a solution is directly proportional to the molality of the solute. The freezing point depression of a solution is given by the equation ΔTf = Kf * molality, where ΔTf is the change in freezing point, Kf is the freezing point depression constant of the solvent and molality is the concentration of the solute.
We know that the solid depressed the freezing point of stearic acid (Kf =4.5 °C/molal) by 3.5 °C, and that the same solid was dissolved in water (Kf = 1.86 C/molal) to the same final molality as it had in the stearic acid.
Thus, we can say that the final molality of the solid = 3.5 / 4.5 = 0.777 mol/kg
Now we need to find the freezing point depression for the same solution in water, so we use the freezing point depression constant of water (Kf = 1.86 C/molal) and the final molality of the solid in water
ΔTf = Kf * molality
ΔTf = 1.86 * 0.777 = 1.44 C
So the change in freezing point would be 1.44 C.
1. In attempting to determine the percentage of water in a hydrate, a lab group decided to
save time by heating for only 5 minutes instead of 10 minutes. The evaporating dish and
its contents were weighed at this time. A second heating was not performed. Do they risk
their percentage water calculation being too high or too low? Explain.
2. A lab group is rushed to complete their lab and after heating, they wait until the
following day to weigh what remains in the evaporating dish. What could happen that
would throw off results if a lab group delays weighing after heating?
Yes, they risk their percentage water being too high.
The hydrate might absorb air moisture that would cause a higher percentage calculation of water.
How to measure water percentage error?If the lab group only heats the hydrate for 5 minutes instead of 10 minutes, they risk their percentage water calculation being too high. This is because when heating a hydrate, the water molecules are removed from the crystal structure, and if the heating is not done for long enough, not all of the water molecules will have been removed, resulting in a higher percentage of water calculated.
If a lab group delays weighing after heating, several things could happen that would throw off the results. One possibility is that the hydrate could absorb moisture from the air, which would result in a higher percentage of water calculated. Additionally, if the contents of the evaporating dish are not properly sealed, there is a risk of evaporation of the remaining water which would result in a lower percentage of water calculated. In addition, the hydrate could become contaminated with other substances, which would also result in inaccurate results
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section 6.2 classifying the elements this section explains why you can infer the properties of an element based on the properties of other elements in the periodic table. it also describes the use of electron configurations to classify elements.
The atomic numbers of the elements are listed in the long form periodic table. The quantity of protons in the nucleus of an element's atom is represented by the element's atomic number.
What is an atomic number?An atomic nucleus' charge determines an element's atomic number, also known as nuclear charge number. This is equivalent to the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element for conventional nuclei, or the proton number. To uniquely identify common chemical elements, one can use their atomic number. Chemical elements are grouped in the periodic system by increasing the amount of protons they contain, and each chemical element has a unique atomic number. As a result, the number of protons, which is always equal to the number of electrons in the neutral atom, is also the atomic number. The number of protons that make up an atom's nucleus is known as the atomic number.To learn more about atomic number refer to:
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aluminum is the element that is best represented by the six successive ionization energies listed because
Because it only needs to lose one electron in order to create the next valence electron shell, the stable 3s shell.
What is an ionization energies?Ionization energy is the least amount of energy required to release the loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom, positive ion, or molecule.Ionization energy is a measure of the difficulty of removing an electron from an atom or ion or the propensity of an atom or ion to give up an electron. Typically, when a chemical species is in its ground state, an electron is lost.The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom is referred to as ionization energy. As we move along a group, the ionization energy diminishes.One isolated, gaseous atom in the ground electronic state must absorb a certain amount of energy in order to discharge an electron and produce a cation. This energy is known as the ionization energy. The amount of energy required for each atom in a mole to lose one electron is measured in kJ/mole, or kJ/mol.To learn more about ionization energies refer to:
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Copper-64 is used in the form of copper acetate to study brain tumors. It has a half-life of 12.8 hours. If you begin with 15.0 mg of 64 Cu-labelled copper acetate, what mass in mg remains after 2 days and 16 hours?
Answer:
0.58 milligrams
Explanation:
If this isnt correct than I appologize.
Just half of the power of tt makes up 60 hours. Then it is divided by t half knowing that there is 12.8 hours left. Then if you calculate it we get 0.58 mg and so after the 2 days and 16 hours we get our answer.
How many grams of calcium nitride (Ca3N2) are produced when 4.00 g of nitrogen reacts with an excess of calcium?
3Ca + N2 → Ca3N2
a
21.2 g of Ca3N2
b
0.756 g of Ca3N2
c
0.378 g of Ca3N2
The correct answer is c. 0.378 g of Ca3N2
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
3Ca + N2 → Ca3N2
We can see that for every 3 moles of calcium, 1 mole of nitrogen is used. Using the molar mass of calcium (40.08 g/mol) and nitrogen (28.02 g/mol) we can calculate how many moles of each reactant we have.
4.00 g of nitrogen is equal to 4.00 g / 28.02 g/mol = 0.1428 mol of nitrogen
We know that we have an excess of calcium, so we only need to consider the amount of nitrogen present.
We can use the stoichiometry of the reaction to calculate how many grams of Ca3N2 are produced.
1 mole of nitrogen reacts with 3 moles of calcium to produce 1 mole of Ca3N2
0.1428 mol N2 x (1 mole Ca3N2 / 3 mole N2) = 0.04760 mole of Ca3N2
We can convert this number of moles to grams using the molar mass of Ca3N2 (128.09 g/mol)
0.04760 mole of Ca3N2 x 128.09 g/mol = 0.378 g of Ca3N2
a smoke sample contains dust particales and several different gases, which have different combinations of molecules. the dust particiles are suspended in the gases. Which term or terms could be used to describe this sample of smoke?
mixture, heterogenous mixture, homogenous mixture, solution, pure chemical substance, compound, element
The term or terms that could be used to describe this sample of smoke are "mixture" and "heterogeneous mixture".
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical properties and can be separated by physical means, such as filtering or distillation. A heterogeneous mixture is a type of mixture in which the different components can be easily seen or distinguished and are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture.
In this case, the dust particles and gases are different substances that can be distinguished and are not evenly distributed throughout the sample, therefore it is a heterogeneous mixture.
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Question 8 1 pts Indicated whether each of the following is either a chemical or physical change/property. The melting point of water is 0°C. physical When an aqueous solution with a pH less than 7 is added to sodium bicarbonate, bubbling occurs. chemical Cooking an egg. chemical The lowering of vapor pressure after salt is added to a liquid. physical Combination of yellow and blue paint to create a green paint. physical Formation of solid after reagent combination. chemical Crystal formation upon solution formation.
The addition of an aqueous solution with a pH less than 7 to sodium bicarbonate causes bubbling is chemical change. I'm frying an egg is chemical. The reduction in vapor pressure caused by the addition of salt to a liquid is physical change.
Combination of yellow and blue paint to create a green paint is chemical. Formation of solid after reagent combination is chemical. Crystal formation upon solution formation is physical. Melting point is a physical property, as it refers to the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid state. The addition of an aqueous solution with a pH less than 7 to sodium bicarbonate causes bubbling.. This is a chemical change as a new substance is formed (carbon dioxide gas) and the bubbling is due to the release of CO2 gas.Cooking an egg. This is a chemical change as the proteins in the egg change structure and form new compounds The lowering of vapor pressure after salt is added to a liquid, this is a physical change because it is a change in the physical properties of the liquid. Combination of yellow and blue paint to create a green paint is a chemical change.
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A backyard pond has 2.5 M3 of water what is the volume in cubic inches?
The volume in cubic inches 1.5x10^5in3 if A backyard pond has 2.5 M3 of water.
What is volume formula?Whereas the basic formula for the area of a rectangular shape is length × width, the basic formula for volume is length × width × height. How you refer to the different dimensions does not change the calculation: you may, for example, use 'depth' instead of 'height'.
What is volume of a liquid?Measuring the Volume of a Liquid At its most basic level, volume is simply a measure of space. When measuring the volume of a liquid, sometimes referred to as capacity, the units liters (L) and milliliters (mL) are used. Devices used for this measurement include graduated cylinders, beakers, and Erlenmeyer flasks.
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The electron cloud of HF is smaller than that of F2 , however, HF has a much higher boiling point than F2 has. Which of the following explains how the dispersion-force model of intermolecular attraction does not account for the unusually high boiling point of HF?
Option (d) is correct. Liquid F2 has weak dispersion force attractions between its molecules whereas liquid HF has both weak dispersion force attractions and hydrogen bonding interactions between its molecules.
Dispersion forces are the temporary attraction between two adjacent atoms. Electrons are unsymmetrical which creates a temporary dipole. This dipole causes an induced dipole in the other atom which leads to the attraction between the two. The high boiling point of HF is not attributable to the dispersion forces. In HF, a stronger attraction present is hydrogen bonding. The strength of dispersion forces is proportional to the polarizability of the molecule. The more polarized the stronger is the forces.
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The complete question is:
The electron cloud of HF is smaller than that of F2, however, HF has a much higher boiling point than F2 has. Which of the following explains how the dispersion-force model of intermolecular attraction does not account for the unusually high boiling point of HF?
A. F2 is soluble in water, whereas HF is insoluble in water.
B. The F2 molecule has a greater mass than the HF molecule has.
C. Liquid F2 has weak dispersion force attractions between its molecules, whereas liquid HF has strong ionic interactions between H+ and F- ions.
D. Liquid F2 has weak dispersion force attractions between its molecules, whereas liquid HF has both weak dispersion force attractions and hydrogen bonding interactions between its molecules.
Step 1:H2(g)+ICl(g)→HI(g)+HCl(g)(slow)Step 2:HI(g)+ICl(g)→HCl(g)+I2(g)(fast)
The rate of reaction in a chemical reaction is the speed at which the products are formed from the reactants. It offers some insight into the potential reaction time.
For instance, the combustion of cellulose in fire responds incredibly quickly and is complete in a split second.
H2(g)+2ICl(g) → 2HCl(g)+I2(g)
Rate of reaction = reactant used/Time taken to consume of the reactant
rate=k[HI][ICl]
The rate of reaction, also known as reaction rate, is the rate at which reactants transform into products. It should go without saying that different chemical reactions occur at different rates. While some chemical reactions happen extremely immediately, others may take some time to reach their final equilibrium.
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complete question: Step 1:H2(g)+ICl(g)→HI(g)+HCl(g)(slow). Step 2 : HI(g)+ICl(g)→HCl(g)+I2(g)(fast). The reaction is carried out at constant temperature inside a rigid container. Based on this mechanism, which of the following is the most likely reason for the different rates of step 1 and step 2 ?
according to the following reaction, how many grams of dichloromethane () will be formed upon the complete reaction of 30.9 grams of carbon tetrachloride with excess methane ()?
30.9 grams of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) will be formed upon the complete reaction of 30.9 grams of carbon tetrachloride with excess methane.
The balanced equation for the reaction is: CH4(g) + CCl4(g) -> CH2Cl2(g) + HCl(g). To determine the amount of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) that will be formed upon the complete reaction of 30.9 grams of carbon tetrachloride with excess methane, we can use the concept of stoichiometry. Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative aspects of chemical reactions, including the mass relationships between reactants and products.From the balanced equation, we can see that the reaction has a 1:1 ratio between the carbon tetrachloride and the dichloromethane. Therefore, if we know the amount of one substance, we can calculate the amount of the other substance by using the stoichiometric ratio. 30.9 grams of CCl4 will react with an excess of methane to form 30.9 grams of CH2Cl2. So the answer is 30.9 grams of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) will be formed upon the complete reaction of 30.9 grams of carbon tetrachloride with excess methane.
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The complete question is :
according to the following reaction, how many grams of dichloromethane () will be formed upon the complete reaction of 30.9 grams of carbon tetrachloride with excess methane ()?methane (CH4)(g) + carbon tetrachloride(g) dichloromethane (CH2Cl2)(g)
Match each description to the correct term_
• liquid that dissolves another substance Choose • chemical that is dissolved Choose • value used to describe the amount of one substance dissolved in another Choose: • liquid consisting of one substance dissolved In another Choose
The right responses are "solvent, solute, concentration, and solution." The components of a liquid that comprises multiple substances are referred to by various names.
Describe each of the components of a liquid?The components of a liquid that comprises multiple substances are referred to by various names. A solvent is described as a liquid that dissolves another substance; in the case of sugar dissolved in water, the solvent is water. The solute, or dissolved chemical, in this example will be sugar. The phrase "concentration" refers to the ratio of one substance to another, such as weight to weight, volume to weight, molarity, etc. A solution is a liquid that has one material dissolved in another; in this case, the sugar was dissolved in water.The right responses are "solvent, solute, concentration, and solution." The components of a liquid that comprises multiple substances are referred to by various names.To learn more about components of a liquid refer to:
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explain why an intersitial alloy would not form a stable crystal sctructer if the component atoms were of similar size. sketch a diagream to illustrate your answer
Naming of the following compound is given below.
What is chemical compound?
A chemical compound is a substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed ratio. Chemical compounds can be formed when atoms of two or more elements combine chemically. Examples of chemical compounds include water (H2O), table salt (NaCl), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Compounds are usually identified by their chemical formula, which describes the ratio of atoms present.
2,5-Dibromobenzene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms in the center of the ring.
3,6-Dibromobenzene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms at either end of the ring.
1,4-Dibromobenzene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms located adjacent to each other in the center of the ring.
2,5-Dibromocyclohexene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with two bromine atoms bonded to the two carbon atoms located across from each other in the middle of the ring.
1,4-Bromocyclohexene: A compound composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with one bromine atom bonded to the two carbon atoms located adjacent to each other in the center of the ring.
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based on your previous answer what can you say about boiling points of sulfur based derivatives if their boiling points are about the same? (2 pts)
The boiling points of sulfur based derivatives if their boiling points are about the same.
What is boiling point?
When a liquid's vapor pressure equals that of the gas above it, that liquid has reached its boiling point. When a liquid's vapor pressure reaches one atmosphere, it is said to have reached its usual boiling point (760 torr). a microscopic image of a bubble in boiling water.
What is sulfur?
Non-metallic chemical element utilized mostly in the form of sulfuric acid to extract phosphates from ores. It is a vital component of all life and shares many chemical characteristics with oxygen.
Therefore, boiling points of sulfur based derivatives if their boiling points are about the same.
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an neutral atom has 42 protons and 56 neutrons. use this information to answer the following questions.
A neutral atom has 42 protons and 56 neutrons mean it has no charge. The atom is Molybdenum (Mo) with atomic no. 42. And mass no. 98 in period 5 and group 6 of the periodic table.
Let us first understand the question. So the general representation of an atom that is equal to AZ X, where X is the atomic symbol of the element, A is the mass number and Z is the atomic number. Since we know that the number of protons is equal to the no. of electrons which is equal to the atomic number. Also, we know that Mass no. is equal to the sum of Protons and Neutrons. This allows, us to find the atom in the periodic table with atomic no. 42 and mass no. 98 which is Molybdenum in period 5 and group 6 of the table.
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Chemistry final
HELP!!!!HELPP
The systematic name for CuSO4 is copper(II) sulfate, but it is also referred to as blue vitriol, Roman vitriol, the vitriol of copper, and bluestone.
Define CuSO4?
By heating copper sulphide ores to produce copper oxide which is then treated with sulphuric acid to form copper sulphate. By slow leaching in air of piles of low grade ore. Bacterial action is sometimes employed to hasten the process. A solution of copper sulphate drains away from such heaps.The SI base unit for amount of substance is the mole. 1 mole is equal to 1 moles CuSO4, or 159.6086 grams.When Copper sulfate is heated strongly, it changes into white colored anhydrous copper sulphate and when water is added again to it then it is again changed to blue color copper sulphate. It is a reversible chemical change.To learn more about copper refers to:
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Using the reagents below, list in order (by letter, no period) those necessary to prepare 2-bromo-3-methylbutane from 2-methylbutane. Note: Not all spaces provided may be needed. Type "na" in any space where you have no reagent. a. Br2, heat, light b. Na, (-H2) c. NaI(SN2) d. NH4NO3 e. HBr, ROOR f. EtoH g. NaOEt, EtoH, heat
When ethanolic KOH and 2-Bromo-2-methyl butane are refluxed, the main product that results is 2-methylbut-2-ene. A combination of 2-methyl-2-butene and 2-methyl-I-butene is created when 2-bromo-2-methylbutane is subjected to a base reaction.
2-Methyl-L-Butene makes up 459 of the resultant mixture when potassium hydroxide is the base. Because the bromine-attached carbon atom is linked to the other two carbon atoms, the molecule is known as a secondary alkyl halide. As a result, 2-bromobutane is known as a secondary alkyl halide. The liquid is colorless and has a lovely aroma. Since 1-bromobutane is a main alkyl halide, it is created through bimolecular nucleophilic substitution processes (Sn2).
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All isotopes of an element have nearly identical chemical behavior because chemical behavior is determined primarily by ______.
a) the number of protons in the element
b) the number of electrons in the element
c) the mass of the element
d) the color of the element
Option (a) is correct. All isotopes of an element have nearly identical chemical behavior because chemical behavior is determined primarily by the number of protons in the element.
Isotopes can be defined as an atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Isotopes share the same chemical properties but differ in mass and physical properties. The isotopes which do not emit radiation are called stable isotopes. The isotopes which do emit radiation are called radioisotopes. Like Uranium some elements can only exist in an unstable form. All the elements have isotopes. It can be defined as a form of a chemical element in which the atoms have the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons.
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would your calculated empirical formula be higher than, lower than or the same as the actual empirical of magnesium oxide if the product ignited and burned for a long period of time.
The empirical formula be the same as the actual empirical of magnesium oxide is MgO.
The empirical formula of magnesium oxide is :
The Mass of Mg = 0.297
The Mass of Magnesium Oxide = Mass of Mg + Mass of O
0.493 g = 0.297 g + Mass of O
Mass of O = (0.493 - 0.297)g
= 0.196g
Moles of Mg = 0.297 g Mg × 1 mol Mg / 24.3g Mg
= 0.012 mol of Mg
Moles of O = 0.196 g O × 1 mol O / 1 6g O
= 0.012 mol of O
Dividing by the smallest one :
Mg = 1
O = 1
The empirical formula is MgO.
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Penalty for an incorrect guess is equal to the credit for a correct response. In the event of a property fire in the Chemistry Teaching Labs (not involving any person or clothing), what should a lab student do to respond?
a lab student do to response should be, If doing so does not cause a delay in the evacuation, leave the room while removing your personal things. Observe the TA's and the lab staff's instructions.
Notify the emergency personnel of any other residents who require help leaving. Close the doors, leave the area, and dial 9-1-1 from a secure location. student can do the experiments they have learnt about in textbooks or from their professors in a scientific lab. They have a better understanding of an experiment's methodology and potential outcomes in this way. a location outfitted for scientific experimentation or for testing and analysis. a research centre. A location that allows for experimentation, observation, or practise in a particular field of study. The abbreviation lab comes from the mediaeval Latin word laboratorium.
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Methane (CH4), the gas used for Bunsen burners, doesn't react with oxygen in the air until a striker/flame is brought near to the Bunsen burner. a) Explain the role of the striker/flame. b) What is the energy used for in the reaction?
The combustion of methane is an illustration of a simpler chemical transformation. Natural gas, the primary fuel used in many residential furnaces, is primarily composed of methane.
Before the gas is burned, why is air combined with it in the burner's barrel? A flame that is too brightly yellow and smokey will result from insufficient air, whereas a pleasant blue flame will result from the combination of air and gas.The combustion of methane is an illustration of a simpler chemical transformation. Natural gas, the primary fuel used in many residential furnaces, is primarily composed of methane. The gases carbon dioxide and water vapor are created when methane burns when it reacts with oxygen in the air to form completely new chemical compounds.A gas adjustment screw should be used to vary the flame's height.To learn more about chemical transformation refer to:
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Calculate the energy required to heat 419.0 mg of iron from 1.2 degree C to 15.1 degree C. Assume the specific heat capacity of iron under these conditions is 0.449 J middot g^-1 middot K^-1. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
The energy required to heat 419.0mg of iron from 1.2 degree C to 15.1 degree C is 2.625 J. This is calculated from the expression of Specific heat capacity.
Heat capacity is a characteristic of an object that explains the amount of heat required to change its temperature by one degree. Heat Capacity has the units of energy per degree. Specific Heat Capacity is the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a mass unit of a substance by one degree. Specific heat is a common term for the specific heat capacity.
Q = m*c*dT
This is the equation for specific heat capacity. here, m is the mass of the sample, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the temperature change.
Putting all the values we get,
m = 419 mg = 0.419 g of Iron
dT = 15.1 -1.2 = 13.9 °C
Q = 0.419*0.449*13.9 = 2.615 J
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Be sure to answer all parts. Consider the reaction A + B → Products From the following data obtained at a certain temperature, determine the order of the reaction. Enter the order with respect to A, the order with respect to B, and the overall reaction order A] (M) [BI (M) Rate (M/s) 1.50 |1.50 |3.20 × 10^-1 1.50 | 2.50 | 3.20 × 10^-1 3.00 | 1.50 | 6.40 × 10^-1 Reaction
To determine the order of the reaction with respect to reactant A, we can perform experiments at different concentrations of A while keeping the concentration of B constant.
What are reactants?
A reactant is a substance that is consumed in a chemical reaction. In a balanced chemical equation, all reactants are listed on the left side of the equation and are consumed as the reaction proceeds. The reactant that is used up first in a reaction is called the limiting reactant or limiting reagent.
From the data provided, we see that when [A] is 1.5 M and [B] is 1.5 M, the rate of the reaction is 3.2 x 10^-1 M/s. When [A] is 3.0 M and [B] is 1.5 M, the rate of the reaction is 6.4 x 10^-1 M/s.
Since the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of A, we can say that the order of the reaction with respect to A is 1.
To determine the order of the reaction with respect to reactant B, we can perform experiments at different concentrations of B while keeping the concentration of A constant. From the data provided, we see that when [A] is 1.5 M and [B] is 1.5 M, the rate of the reaction is 3.2 x 10^-1 M/s. When [A] is 1.5 M and [B] is 2.5 M, the rate of the reaction is 3.2 x 10^-1 M/s.
Since the rate of the reaction does not change with the concentration of B, we can say that the order of the reaction with respect to B is 0.
The overall reaction order is the sum of the order with respect to each reactant. So the overall reaction order for this reaction is 1 + 0 = 1.
Therefore, the order of the reaction with respect to reactant A is 1, the order of the reaction with respect to B is 0, and the overall reaction order is 1.
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select the statement that accurately describes the hybridization states of the carbon atoms in cyclobutene
The cyclobutene's carbon atoms are all hybridized in the sp3 sp3 state, with the second and third carbon atoms also being in the sp state.
For each carbon atom in cyclohexane, what is the hybridization?Every carbon in cyclohexane is sp3 hybridized and tetrahedral, making it a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon (C6HI2).Sp2 hybridization happens to alkenes. One s orbital joins forces with two p orbitals to create three identical sp 2 hybrid orbitals in the process known as sp 2 hybridization.Three carbon atoms make up the chemical in question. First carbon undergoes sp3 sp3 hybridization, followed by sp hybridization on the second and sp hybridization on the third carbon atoms. There are so two different types of hybridization, namely sp3 sp 3 and sp.The cyclobutene's carbon atoms are all hybridized in the sp3 sp3 state, with the second and third carbon atoms also being in the sp state.To learn more about hybridization refer to:
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Consider a cloudless day on which the sun shines down across the United States. If 2466 kJ of energy reaches a square meter (m2) of the United States in one hour, how much total solar energy reaches the entire United States per hour? The entire area of the United States is 9,158,960 km2 .
solar energy per hour:
The solar energy that has reached the entire area of the United States per hour, is 22,585,995,360,000,000 kJ of energy
How to find the energy ?To find the energy, you first need to convert the area of the United States from squared kilometers to square meters.
1 square kilometer is 1, 000, 000 so 9,158,960 square kilometers would be:
= 9,158,960 x 1, 000, 000
= 9,158,960, 000, 000 square meters
The solar energy per hour for the United States is:
=Area of the United States x energy per square meter
= 9,158,960,000,000 x 2, 466
= 22,585,995,360,000,000 kJ of energy
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Which of the following best describes the expected product of the reaction H3O+below? A) An epoxide B) A secondary alcohol C) A primary alcohol D) A tertiary alcohol
The expected product of the reaction H3O+ is: C) A primary alcohol
H3O+ is a protonated water molecule, also known as a hydronium ion. When an alcohol molecule is treated with H3O+, it can undergo an acid-catalyzed reaction called an "alcohol dehydration" which results in the removal of a molecule of water and the formation of an alkene. The H3O+ acts as an acid, donating a proton (H+) to the alcohol molecule, which results in the formation of an alkyloxonium ion intermediate. This intermediate then loses a molecule of water to form an alkene.The product of the reaction is affected by the type of alcohol that is present in the reaction. In the case of a primary alcohol, it will lose water to form an alkene and a primary alcohol will lose water to form an alkene with one less carbon atom than the alcohol. A secondary alcohol and a tertiary alcohol will lose water differently and will not form an alkene, instead, they will form a carbocation intermediate which is not a stable species and will react further with other reagents to form other products.An epoxide is a cyclic ether and it is not formed from the reaction of an alcohol with H3O+.
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A mixture that is not uniform throughout is a/an _______ mixture.
Answer: heterogeneous mixture
Explanation: The heterogeneous mixture has a non-uniform composition and has two or more phases. It can be separated out physically. Example: A mixture of sodium chloride and sand.
1. A chemist needs to prepare 4.00 L of a 0.50 M solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4). What mass of KMnO4 does she need to make the solution?
2. Determine the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 20 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 150. g of water. This problem is similar to Sample Problem 16.5.
She needs 128.375 g of kmno4 to make the solution.
Data:
2.5 L is the volume. 0.325 M for concentration Calculate the moles of KMnO4 for potassium permanganate (Molar mass): 39 + 55 + (16 x 4) = 158 g.
What separates molality from mole molarity?Its molarity is the ratio of a molecule in meters to every liters in a solution. The solution contains both the solute and the solvent. Mass of an object, on the other hand, is the ratios of both the molecules of a component to the grams of a solvent.
What is molarity, for instance?The mole of material per liter of water is measured as molarity. For instance, when table salt is dissolved in water, water serves as both the solution and the solute. Sodium chloride weights 58.44 grams per mole. 58.44 grams of sodium chloride dissolve for one liters of water to form a one molecule solution, or 1M.
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