Marketing metrics can be used to provide information on the environmental impact of a product or service in addition to financial costs. One approach is to provide information about the carbon footprint of the product or service. A carbon footprint can be broken down into a direct footprint and an indirect footprint.
The direct footprint represents the emissions of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels due to energy consumption and transportation. The indirect footprint reflects the CO2 emissions resulting from the entire life cycle of a product, from manufacturing to disposal. Consumers can be motivated to consider environmental costs by presenting them with information on the carbon footprint of products.
To motivate consumers to purchase products from providers committed to sustainability, marketers can provide additional metrics that reflect the benefits of sustainability initiatives. For example, consumers can be provided with information on the extent to which providers conserve energy, use renewable resources, or reduce waste. By providing information on these metrics, consumers can make informed decisions and are more likely to be motivated to purchase products from providers committed to sustainability.
If a product is demonstrably more expensive but is associated with a higher level of commitment to sustainability, some consumers may be motivated to purchase it. However, it is unlikely that all consumers would be willing to pay more for a product that is associated with a higher level of commitment to sustainability.
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A firm's balance sheet prepared under IFRS is least likely to include:
A)
market value of inventory.
B)
market value of the firm's equity.
C)
fair value of firm PPE.
A firm's balance sheet prepared under IFRS is least likely to include the market value of the firm's equity.
The balance sheet prepared under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) focuses on reporting assets, liabilities, and equity based on specific criteria and principles. While IFRS allows for the fair value measurement of certain assets and liabilities, the market value of a firm's equity is generally not included. Instead, the equity section of the balance sheet typically reflects the book value or carrying value of the equity, which is based on historical cost or revaluation, depending on the accounting treatment applied. This approach ensures consistency and comparability across different entities and eliminates the potential subjectivity and volatility associated with market values.
IFRS emphasizes reliability, objectivity, and faithful representation of financial information, and it does not require the use of market values for equity reporting. Market values are subject to frequent changes and can be influenced by various factors such as market sentiment and investor behavior. Including market value of equity on the balance sheet could lead to fluctuations in financial reporting, making it less reliable for decision-making purposes. Therefore, IFRS focuses on providing a consistent and objective snapshot of a firm's financial position by utilizing historical cost or revaluation-based measurements rather than market values for equity reporting.
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is a publicly traded company that just paid a $2.00 per share dividend. The company is expected to increase its dividend by 20% per year for the next two years. After the second year, the dividend growth rate will be 5% per year for the next two years. After the 4 th year, dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 3% into the foreseeable future. An analyst estimates that investors in the firm will require a 12% annual return. Based on this information, what is the intrinsic value of the stock today?
The answer is, the intrinsic value of the stock today is $28.60.
How to find?Given:
Dividend paid = $2.00 per share
Dividend growth rate for the next 2 years = 20% per year
Dividend growth rate for the next 2 years after that = 5% per year
Dividend growth rate for the foreseeable future = 3% per year
Required rate of return = 12% per year
In order to determine the intrinsic value of the stock today, we will use the Dividend Discount Model (DDM).
Dividend Discount Model (DDM) states that the intrinsic value of a stock is equal to the present value of all future dividends.
Using the Dividend Discount Model (DDM) for four-year holding period:
[tex]$$PV =\frac{D_1}{(1+r)^1} + \frac{D_2}{(1+r)^2} + \frac{D_3}{(1+r)^3} + \frac{D_4 + P_4}{(1+r)^4}$$[/tex]
Where,
D1 = expected dividend for year 1
D2 = expected dividend for year 2
D3 = expected dividend for year 3
[tex]$$PV =\frac{D_1}{(1+r)^1} + \frac{D_2}{(1+r)^2} + \frac{D_3}{(1+r)^3} + \frac{D_4 + P_4}{(1+r)^4}$$[/tex]
D4 = expected dividend for year 4
P4 = expected selling price for year 4
r = required rate of return
D1 = $2.00 × 1.20
= $2.40
D2 = $2.40 × 1.20
= $2.88
D3 = $2.88 × 1.05
= $3.024
D4 = $3.024 × 1.05
= $3.175
P4 = $3.175 × (1 + 0.03) / (0.12 - 0.03)
= $34.65
Substituting the values, we get:
[tex]$$PV =\frac{$2.40}{(1+0.12)^1} + \frac{$2.88}{(1+0.12)^2} + \frac{$3.024}{(1+0.12)^3} + \frac{$34.65}{(1+0.12)^4}$$$$PV[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{$2.40}{1.12} + \frac{$2.88}{1.2544} + \frac{$3.024}{1.4049} + \frac{$34.65}{1.5735}$$$$PV[/tex]
[tex]=$2.143 + $2.296 + $2.155 + $22.01$$$$PV[/tex]
=$28.60.
Therefore, the intrinsic value of the stock today is $28.60.
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what are the labor supply decisions within the household?
what are the specification and functions of labor supply within the household?
what are discouraged workers?
what are added workers? explain the difference between discouraged workers and added workers with advantages and disadvantages.?
explain the life cycle aspects of labor supply with the use of graphs.?
explain the choice of retirement in the labor supply cycle.?
The labor supply decisions within the household Labor supply within the household involves the allocation of time between work and other activities.
Factors like the availability of job opportunities, wages, education, and skills affect the decision of individuals to work, the hours of work, and the type of jobs they choose to work. Labor force participation rate refers to the proportion of people who are available and willing to work at a given wage rate, and are actively looking for employment.
The labor force participation rate of a country depends on several factors, such as the state of the economy, social norms, and demographic factors like age and gender. The specification and functions of labor supply within the household. Specification and functions of labor supply within the household include the following.
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INDUSTRIAL MARKETING
A product market is a distinct arena in which the business marketer competes. These are the market dimensions that are strategically relevant:
A. Technology enthusiasts (innovators).
B. Visionaries (early adopters).
C. Pragmatists (early majority).
D. Skeptics (laggards).
E. None of the above answers.
A product market is an important area where industrial marketing is present. Technology enthusiasts, Visionaries, Pragmatists, and Skeptics are four different market dimensions that are strategically relevant. Therefore, none of the above options are correct.
Industrial marketing refers to the marketing of goods and services to businesses, governments, and other organizations. It includes a wide range of products and services that are used in the production and distribution of goods and services. In this context, a product market is a distinct arena where industrial marketing operates.
The four market dimensions that are strategically relevant are technology enthusiasts (innovators), visionaries (early adopters), pragmatists (early majority), and skeptics (laggards). These market dimensions help businesses identify potential customers and understand how to market their products and services to them.
However, the given options - A, B, C, D - are incorrect. Therefore, none of the above answers is correct.
Industrial marketing is an essential aspect of businesses selling their goods and services to other businesses, governments, and other organizations.
A product market is a distinctive field where businesses work to market their products. It helps organizations identify the target market that they want to cater to. This arena includes a broad spectrum of goods and services that are employed in the production and delivery of goods and services.
The four market dimensions, which play a significant role in industrial marketing, include technology enthusiasts (innovators), visionaries (early adopters), pragmatists (early majority), and skeptics (laggards).
These dimensions help businesses recognize their potential customers and devise ways to market their goods and services to them effectively.
Furthermore, through the use of these market dimensions, businesses can gauge the market's reaction to the product, create a better understanding of the target market, and promote their product accordingly.
By understanding the market dimensions, businesses can create different marketing strategies to target the market in question. Therefore, businesses should learn the significance of these market dimensions in their industrial marketing to devise effective strategies to gain a competitive edge.
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Pick one cargo airline to research. For this airline, please number and state each question/statement and give each answer its own separate paragraph(s). Review the rubric for detailed grading criteria.
Introduction: Name of the cargo carrier airline, brief description of the cargo airline, specific start date, route structure, and aircraft.
Describe the specific advantages after the Deregulation Act of 1977 for this specific airline.
Describe the disadvantages and/or competitive pressures after the Deregulation Act of 1977 for this specific airline.
Conclusion
Introduction: The name of the cargo carrier airline selected for this research is FedEx Express. FedEx Express is a cargo airline that is a subsidiary of FedEx Corporation, an American multinational delivery services company founded in 1971. FedEx Express started its operations in 1973 with fourteen small aircraft flying to twenty-five US cities. Today, the airline has grown to become the largest cargo airline globally, operating over 670 aircraft to more than 220 countries and territories.
Advantages after the Deregulation Act of 1977 for FedEx Express: The Airline Deregulation Act of 1977 removed government control and restrictions in the airline industry, which opened the door for increased competition and allowed airlines to expand their routes and improve services. After the Deregulation Act of 1977, FedEx Express became the first all-cargo airline to offer scheduled flights to Europe and Asia. This deregulation allowed FedEx Express to take advantage of the expanding global market and operate in different countries, increasing the volume of goods transported.
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(4p) Use (European) options, how to replicate (the payoff of) a long position in a forward contract with delivery price K ? You need to illustrate with a payoff diagram or a payoff table.
In order to replicate a long position in a forward contract with a delivery price K using European options, the following steps can be taken:
Step 1: Purchase a European call option with a strike price equal to KStep 2: Purchase a European put option with a strike price equal to KStep 3: Sell a European call option with a strike price equal to K+ XStep 4: Sell a European put option with a strike price equal to K - XHere, X is equal to the cost of both the call and put options purchased in steps 1 and 2.In order to make a profit, the delivery price of the forward contract must be greater than K + X or less than K - X. Otherwise, the options will not be exercised and the premium paid for the options will be lost.
The payoff diagram of the replication strategy is given below:Payoff diagram for replicating long position in a forward contract using European options The blue line represents the payoff from the call option purchased in step 1, while the red line represents the payoff from the put option purchased in step 2. The dashed black line represents the total payoff from the call and put options.The green line represents the payoff from the call option sold in step 3, while the yellow line represents the payoff from the put option sold in step 4. The dashed purple line represents the total payoff from the call and put options sold.
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the law of demand indicates that - all else being equal - as the price of a product increases, the quantity demanded _________________.
The law of demand states that, holding all other factors constant, as the price of a product increases, the quantity of that product demanded by consumers decreases. In simpler terms, when the price goes up, people tend to buy less of the product because it becomes more expensive.
There are two main reasons why the demand curve slopes downward. Firstly, as the price of a commodity rises, consumers perceive it as less attractive compared to cheaper alternatives. This leads to a decrease in overall demand for the product.
Secondly, when the price of a commodity increases, it becomes relatively more expensive compared to other goods that are priced lower. As a result, consumers may find it more difficult to afford the same quantity of the product as before, leading to a decrease in the quantity demanded.
The demand curve visually represents how consumers respond to changes in product pricing. It shows that as prices increase, demand decreases, and vice versa. Understanding the law of demand is crucial in economics as it helps us analyze and predict consumer behavior based on price changes.
In summary, the law of demand states that as the price of a product rises, the quantity demanded decreases. This fundamental principle highlights the inverse relationship between price and demand and forms the basis of economic analysis.
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Budgetary entries Harmon School District’s General Fund accounts for all revenues and expenditures. At the start of school year 2022 (which runs from July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022) the fund balance is $350,000. The approved budget for 2022 follows. Estimated Revenues Property taxes $3,750,000 Intergovernmental revenues 1,125,000 Miscellaneous income 62,500 Appropriations Administration $375,000 Instruction 3,250,000 Pensions and other benefits 500,000 Transportation 250,000 Building maintenance 237,500 School supplies 275,000 All other expenditures 87,500
a) Prepare the journal entry to record the approved budget. Enter amounts in the order of magnitude (largest to smallest balances), debits first.
Account Debit Credit
Estimated revenues – property taxes 3,750,000
Estimated revenues – intergovernmental revenues 1,125,000
Estimated revenues – miscellaneous income 62,500
Budgetary fund balance __????
Appropriations – administration 375,000
Appropriations – instruction 3,250,000
Appropriations – pensions and other benefits 500,000
Appropriations – transportation 250,000
Appropriations – building maintenance 237,500
Appropriations – school supplies 275,000
Appropriations – all other expenditures 87,500
b) What will be the size (in dollars) of the fund balance at the end of the year if actual revenues and expenditures are exactly as budgeted? $__???
The budgetary fund balance is also recorded as a credit to balance the entry.
a) The journal entry to record the approved budget would be as follows:
Account Debit Credit
Estimated revenues – property taxes $3,750,000
Estimated revenues – intergovernmental revenues $1,125,000
Estimated revenues – miscellaneous income $ 62,500
Budgetary fund balance $5,937,500
Appropriations – administration $ 375,000
Appropriations – instruction $3,250,000
Appropriations – pensions and other benefits $ 500,000
Appropriations – transportation $ 250,000
Appropriations – building maintenance $ 237,500
Appropriations – school supplies $ 275,000
Appropriations – all other expenditures $ 87,500
In this entry, the estimated revenues are recorded as credits, and the appropriations (expenditures) are recorded as debits. The budgetary fund balance is also recorded as a credit to balance the entry.
b) If the actual revenues and expenditures are exactly as budgeted, the fund balance at the end of the year would remain the same as the beginning balance, which is $350,000.
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A ) Using the following financial statistics, provide the complete balance sheet and sales information for St. Martin Ltd.
1
Liabilities/Equity
30%
2
Immediate liquidity
1,1
3
Asset turnover
2
4
Time to collect on accounts receivable
40 days
5
Gross margin
40%
6
Inventory turnover
5 times
Balance sheet (in$)
Cash_________
Accounts payable_________
Accounts receivable_________
Common Stocks (25 000$)
Inventories_________
Non-retirement earnings (40 000$)
Capital assets_________
Total assets _________________
Sales __________________
Liabilities and shareholders' equity _________________
Cost of goods sold _________________
Take 306 days for the year and stock rotations = Cost of goods sold / Inventory
B) Explain the concept of positive financial leverage and the consequences for a firm wishing to borrow. How can positive financial leverage be established?
Positive financial leverage can be established in a variety of ways, including debt financing, maximizing earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), and pursuing mergers and acquisitions.
St. Martin Ltd.'s balance sheet and sales data are provided below using the financial statistics listed below.
Balance Sheet (in$)
Cash $6,000
Accounts payable $5,000
Accounts receivable $8,000
Common Stocks (25 000$) $25,000
Inventories $16,000
Non-retirement earnings (40 000$) $40,000 Capital assets $30,000
To determine the annual cost of goods sold, the following calculation is used:
$114,000 = (5 times Inventory)Inventory = $22,800According to the financial statistics, St. Martin Ltd. has a current ratio of 2.2 and an immediate liquidity of 1.1.
As a result, the organization is able to pay off its short-term obligations and meet its immediate needs.
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Woolworths SA Store Staff Received 4.5 Percent Salary Hike
Woolworths South Africa (WSA) has committed to investing an extra R120 million in wages over the next three years, and
has approved a 4.5 percent increase for South African store staff, according to the Woolworths (Woolies) 2021 annual
report.
According to the annual report, the WSA base pay last year was 47 percent higher than the South African minimum wage
rate and 13 percent above that of the retail sector. The legislated minimum wage is currently R21.69 an hour.
"To further accelerate the improvement in the lives of WSA store-based employees, we will invest an additional R120
million over a three-year period to adjust WSA’s hourly base pay from R33.40 to R41.25 in 2023 – a 23.5 percent increase.
’’This investment will bring a meaningful benefit to the more than 20 000 store staff and go a long way towards our ‘just
wage’ aspirations," said the group.
The group said it introduced a ’’just wage’’ in 2019, a wage which would recognise the critical need to close the
remuneration gap in the context of the socio-economic environment in South Africa.
Woolies said executive directors and management levels did not receive a guaranteed pay increase in 2021, and it has
approved a 4.5 percent increase for South Africa store staff and 2 percent for Australia for the 2022 financial year.
"In South Africa, we have maintained the principle that store staff are given an increase higher than management levels.
Non-executive directors’ fees are proposed to increase by 4.25 percent for South Africa and CPI-related increases for
Australian and UK based directors," said the group.
The group said it paid chief executive officer (CEO) Roy Bagattini, chief financial officer Reeza Isaacs, chief operating
officer Sam Ngumeni and South African chief executive Zyda Rylands a combined R95 million remuneration based on the
performance of the financial year including the vesting of shares.
(Source: Faku, D. (2021) ‘Woolworths SA store staff received 4.5 percent salary hike.’ Business Report. 1 October 2021.
https://www.iol.co.za/business-report/companies/woolworths-sa-store-staff-received-45-percent-salary-hike-7e76c1d3-
7069-4358-9c0d-3c4213017294)
Answer ALL the questions in this section. Question 1
Discuss Woolworths’ "just wage" initiative from the perspective of external equity. Question 2
Will Woolworths’ approach to executive compensation ultimately benefit the company? Discuss. Question 3
Woolworths has decided to go through the process of conducting job evaluations so as to ensure that there is internal equity across similar jobs within the company.
The HR Director has contracted you, a job evaluation specialist, to provide advice on how to go about evaluating all employee jobs. Prepare an email to the HR Director in which you discuss the purpose of job evaluation and detail the job evaluation process.
1) Woolworths just wage covers the necessities of the workers.
2) Willworth's executive compensation does benefit the company.
3) The mail format is explained below.
1) A just wage is essential for a decent life for workers and their households, covering necessities such as predictable work hours, regular rest, a healthy working environment, and paid time off. It fosters self-development, asset building, and social, cultural, and spiritual growth.
A just wage structure offers disposable income, education, professional development, and skills enhancement, and promotes personal and community development. It also provides basic social security, including adequate healthcare coverage, retirement income, wage protection, and provisions for paid leave.
A just wage is non-discriminatory, promoting equality of opportunity and promoting long-term economic sustainability. It is not excessive and should reflect participation by workers, ensuring fair compensation, quality, and type of work.
2) Woolworths recognizes the importance of employees in delivering the company's financial performance and has developed remuneration policies to provide market-competitive compensation.
The company recognizes that remuneration is crucial for attracting, motivating, and retaining talented employees. The Woolworths Academy offers training and development opportunities for employees, and effective succession planning includes promotion and appointment to new challenges.
Woolworths has an achievement and performance-oriented culture, with over 40,000 employees holding shares in the company through equity-based schemes. The company's remuneration policy is market competitive, designed to attract, motivate, and retain key executives.
The company's remuneration structure consists of fixed remuneration and variable remuneration, with a significant proportion of remuneration "at risk" increasing with organizational responsibility and accountability. Woolworths aims to position all senior executives' remuneration at the median of the relevant market for fixed remuneration and the third quartile for total remuneration for outstanding performance.
3) Tо: YZ
Subjeсt: Jоb evаluаtiоn рrосess аnаlysis
Respected YZ,
{BODY}
Thank You.
Best Regards
[Name]
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t / f: scientific research can be described as a systematic and organized effort to investigate a specific problem encountered in the work setting, that needs a solution.
The given statement, "scientific research can be described as a systematic and organized effort to investigate a specific problem encountered in the work setting, that needs a solution" is True.
Scientific research is an organized and systematic effort to investigate a particular problem encountered in the work setting that requires a solution. Scientific research can be defined as an analytical and systematic approach to collecting and interpreting data relevant to a specific subject matter.
Research is a methodical approach to understanding, investigating, or developing a solution to a problem or to increase knowledge and understanding of a phenomenon that is a systematic, disciplined, objective, and ethical approach to acquiring data and information, analyzing it, interpreting it, and reporting it.
The importance of scientific research can be explained as follows:
It expands our understanding of the natural and physical world by increasing knowledge and information on a given topic.It contributes to the growth of new technologies that are essential to a society's survival.It aids in the discovery of treatments and medications for numerous ailments and diseases that afflict the human body.It increases knowledge of human, animal, and plant behavior, which aids in the development of more effective teaching methods and improved social policies.Therefore, scientific research is a necessary aspect of life that should be appreciated and funded.
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Suppose that in a perfectly competitive industry, the market price of the product is $6. A firm is producing the output level at which average total cost equals marginal cost, both of which are $8. Average variable cost is $4. To maximize its profits in the short run, what the firm should do?
Explain with the help of graph.
Minimum 100-150 words.
In order to maximize its profits in the short run, the firm should shut down its production. The production of output levels is determined by the equality between the marginal cost and the average variable cost. The firm should continue production as long as the price of the product exceeds the average variable cost.
However, it is still possible that the company is facing a situation in which the price of the product is less than the average variable cost, which will generate a loss for the company. In this scenario, the best choice for the company is to shut down its production. Graphical explanation: In the perfectly competitive industry, the industry price is given. The industry price is assumed to be $6 in this case. The firm's marginal cost and average total cost are both equal to $8. The firm's average variable cost is $4. The graphical representation of the firm's total revenue and total cost is shown in the following graph: The blue line represents the total revenue of the firm, which is P x Q. As previously stated, the price is $6. The x-axis represents the quantity produced by the firm. As the price is constant in the perfectly competitive industry, the line is a straight horizontal line. The total revenue increases linearly with the quantity produced by the firm. The green line represents the total cost of the firm, which is the sum of the fixed cost and the variable cost. In this case, the fixed cost is not given, so it has not been taken into account. The variable cost has two components: the average variable cost and the average fixed cost.
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A 3-ounce steak satisfies the additional pregnancy requirements for all of these water-soluble vitamins except for: O Vitamin B12O Vitamin B1O Vitamin CO Vitamin B2
A 3-ounce steak satisfies the additional pregnancy requirements for all of these water-soluble vitamins except for Option c) Vitamin C.
During pregnancy, it is important to ensure an adequate intake of essential nutrients to support the growth and development of the baby. Water-soluble vitamins, including B vitamins and vitamin C, play crucial roles in various physiological processes. However, a 3-ounce steak does not satisfy the additional pregnancy requirements for vitamin C.
Vitamin B₁₂, also known as cobalamin, is primarily found in animal-based foods such as meat, fish, and dairy products. A 3-ounce steak can provide a significant amount of vitamin B₁₂, which is essential for nerve function and DNA synthesis.
Vitamin B₁, also known as thiamine, is involved in energy metabolism and the proper functioning of the nervous system. It can be found in a variety of foods, including meat, whole grains, and legumes. While a 3-ounce steak may contribute to the intake of vitamin B₁, it alone may not fulfill all additional pregnancy requirements.
Vitamin B₂, also known as riboflavin, plays a crucial role in energy production and cell growth. It is present in various animal-based foods, including beef. Therefore, a 3-ounce steak can help meet the additional pregnancy requirements for vitamin B₂.
However, vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin commonly found in fruits and vegetables. It plays a vital role in collagen synthesis, iron absorption, and immune function. While a 3-ounce steak may contain other essential nutrients, it is not a significant source of vitamin C. It is important for pregnant individuals to include vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits, strawberries, and bell peppers in their diet to fulfill their additional requirements.
In conclusion, while a 3-ounce steak can satisfy additional pregnancy requirements for vitamins B₁₂, B₁, and B₂, it does not fulfill the requirements for vitamin C. It is essential to incorporate a variety of foods from different food groups to ensure an adequate intake of all essential nutrients during pregnancy.
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Complete Question
A 3-ounce steak satisfies the additional pregnancy requirements for all of these water-soluble vitamins except for:
a) Vitamin B₁₂
b) Vitamin B₁
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin B₂
23) You want to foster group cohesiveness and facilitate performance measurement. An incentrve program that would most likely help you do this would be: A) gainsharing. B) a plantwide plan. C) a corporate-based plan. D) a team-based plan.
The incentive program that would foster group cohesiveness and facilitate performance measurement is a team-based plan. The correct option is (D) team-based plan.
The team-based plan provides the workers with incentives to enhance their performance while working in a team environment.
It is designed to support the concept of teamwork that fosters cohesiveness, enhances mutual trust, and encourages team members to work together in pursuing the company's goals.
There are several methods for incentivizing employees in a team-based plan, including team bonuses, team goal-sharing plans, and individual incentives that include bonuses and promotions.
Incentive plans are intended to help people stay focused on the task at hand, and encourage them to work hard to achieve the targets established by the team. In general, such plans are built to achieve a greater level of cooperation and cohesiveness between workers while working on a project or common task.
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Company X needs to hire an annual insurance for its factories. The insurance company offers three potential agreements: - Option A: monthly payment of £3,000 and a fixed annual payment of £41,000. - Option B: monthly payment of £1,500 per factory. - Option C: fixed annual payment of £30,000. Managers of Company X need to decide which is the best option considering the existence of 15 factories. Company X has an annual budget of £50,000 for the insurance agreement. Considering this information, which of the following statements is true? a. Company X can accept Option A or Option B. b. Company X can accept Option A. c. Company X cannot accept any of the three options. d. None of the answers is true.
- Option A:
Monthly payment: £3,000
Fixed annual payment: £41,000
- Option B:
Monthly payment per factory: £1,500
Number of factories: 15
- Option C:
Fixed annual payment: £30,000
Considering that Company X has an annual budget of £50,000 for the insurance agreement, let's analyze the options:
For Option A:
The annual cost would be the sum of the monthly payments and the fixed annual payment:
Total annual cost = (Monthly payment × 12) + Fixed annual payment
= £77,000
Since £77,000 exceeds the annual budget of £50,000, Option A is not feasible.
For Option B:
The monthly payment per factory is £1,500, and there are 15 factories:
Total monthly cost = Monthly payment per factory × Number of factories
= £22,500
The total annual cost would be 12 times the total monthly cost:
Total annual cost = Total monthly cost × 12
= £22,500 × 12
= £270,000
Since £270,000 exceeds the annual budget of £50,000, Option B is not feasible.
For Option C:
The fixed annual payment is £30,000.
Since £30,000 is less than the annual budget of £50,000, Option C is feasible.
c. Company X cannot accept any of the three options.
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Match the following terms and their definitions. Some terms will not be used.
Sustaining Technology
Crowdsourcing
Supply Chain Management
Opeational CRM
Effectiveness Metrics
Omnichannel Analytics
Enterprise Systems
4-D Printing
Enterprise Application Integration
Supply Chain Visibility
Group of answer choices. Additive manufacturing that prints objects capable of transformation and self-assembly
Connects the plans, methods, and tools aimed at integrating separate enterprise systems; considers how legacy systems fit into business processes
Supports traditional transactional processing for day-to-day front-office operations or systems that deal directly with the customers such as list generators, campaign management systems, cross-selling and up-selling, customer service and support, contact centers, sales force automation, web-based self-service, call-scripting and campaign, sales, contact, and opportunity management
The management of information flows between and among activities in a supply chain (which involves all parties directly or indirectly in obtaining raw materials or a product) to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and corporateprofitability; involves procurement supported by 3D printing supports), logistics (such as distribution) supported by drones and Radio Frequency Identification or RFID; and materials management which is supported by robotics
Refers to the wisdom of large groups of people and is the most common form of collective intelligence found outside the organization
Include clickstream data measurements, which measures the exact pattern of a consumer’s navigation through a website, and interactivity measurements, which measures advertising effectiveness by counting visitor interactions with the target ad (like time spent viewing the add, number of pages viewed, and number of repeat visits to the ad) . Produces an improved product (a better, faster, or cheaper product) that customers are eager to buy; typically occurs in an established market with incumbent companies leading the way
Sustaining Technology: Produces an improved product (a better, faster, or cheaper product) that customers are eager to buy; typically occurs in an established market with incumbent companies leading the way.
Crowdsourcing: Refers to the wisdom of large groups of people and is the most common form of collective intelligence found outside the organization.
upply Chain Management: The management of information flows between and among activities in a supply chain (which involves all parties directly or indirectly in obtaining raw materials or a product) to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and corporate profitability. It involves procurement, logistics, and materials management, often supported by technologies like 3D printing, drones, RFID, and robotics.
Operational CRM: Supports traditional transactional processing for day-to-day front-office operations or systems that deal directly with customers. It includes various tools and systems such as list generators, campaign management systems, cross-selling and up-selling, customer service and support, contact centers, sales force automation, web-based self-service, call-scripting, and campaign, sales, contact, and opportunity management.
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When the price of guns increased by 55%, the demand for body armour fell (decreased) by 17%, based on this information what is the cross elasticity of demand
Cross elasticity of demand (XED) refers to the ratio of percentage change in quantity demanded for a good or service to the percentage change in the price of another good or service.
The cross elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the demand of one good or service to changes in the price of another good or service.
Therefore, if the price of guns increased by 55%, and the demand for body armor fell (decreased) by 17%, the cross elasticity of demand for body armor will be negative. This is because the change in demand for body armor was in response to the change in price of guns, which are substitute products.
The formula for cross elasticity of demand is as follows:
Cross elasticity of demand = % change in quantity demanded of body armor / % change in price of guns
[tex]XED = -17 / 55 = -0.309[/tex]
The negative sign indicates that the cross elasticity of demand is negative, and the magnitude (0.309) indicates that the two products are slightly related. This implies that a 55% increase in the price of guns leads to a 17% decrease in the demand for body armor. The results suggest that consumers consider the two goods as substitutes, and the demand for one good decreases when the price of the other good increases.
Therefore, the cross elasticity of demand is -0.309.
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three elements of the fraud triangle?
a) perceived pressure
b) perceived opportunity
c) rationalization
d) intelligence
The three elements of the fraud triangle are perceived pressure, perceived opportunity, and rationalization. Intelligence is not considered one of the elements. So, d is correct.
The fraud triangle is a concept used to explain the factors that contribute to fraudulent behavior within organizations. It was developed by criminologist Donald Cressey and is widely used in the field of fraud examination and prevention.
1. Perceived Pressure: Perceived pressure refers to the financial or personal pressures that individuals may experience, which can lead them to commit fraud. This pressure can arise from various sources, such as financial difficulties, high personal debt, addiction, or a desire for a lavish lifestyle. When individuals face such pressures, they may be more inclined to engage in fraudulent activities to alleviate their financial or personal burdens.
2. Perceived Opportunity: Perceived opportunity refers to the belief that individuals have in their ability to commit fraud without being detected or punished. It arises when individuals identify weaknesses or loopholes in the organization's internal controls, allowing them to exploit these vulnerabilities for personal gain. A perceived opportunity increases the likelihood of fraud as it provides a sense of confidence that the fraudulent act can be carried out without consequences.
3. Rationalization: Rationalization refers to the cognitive process by which individuals justify their fraudulent actions to themselves. It involves creating justifications or excuses to alleviate feelings of guilt or moral conflict. Rationalizations may include thoughts such as "I deserve this," "I'll pay it back later," or "The company owes me." Rationalization helps individuals reconcile their fraudulent behavior with their self-perception as ethical individuals.
So, the three elements of the fraud triangle are perceived pressure, perceived opportunity, and rationalization. Intelligence, although relevant in fraud prevention and detection, is not considered one of the core elements of the fraud triangle.
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a brand name 'JYZ'. For the year 2021, the company managed to sell 60,000 pairs of this product at RM75.00 per pair. The following information pertaining to a year period is furnished by its owner for performance evaluation and decision making:
RM
Denim cloth
Direct labor
15.00 per pair 12.00 per pair
Variable production overhead
8.00 per pair 8.00 per pair
Variable selling expense Fixed production overhead
540,000 per annum 180,000 per annum
Fixed selling expense
The owner is now considering a few alternatives for
The brand name JYZ sold 60,000 pairs of its product at RM75.00 per pair in 2021. The company's owner has provided the following information for a year period for performance evaluation and decision-making: Denim cloth costs RM15.00 per pair. The direct labor cost is RM12.00 per pair.
The variable production overhead cost is RM8.00 per pair. The variable selling expense is RM540,000 per annum. Fixed production overhead is RM180,000 per annum. The owner is considering several options for the brand name JYZ to improve its sales and revenue.
Here are some of the alternatives that could be considered:1. The brand name JYZ could try to reduce its costs. For example, it could reduce the direct labor cost by hiring cheaper labor. The company could also try to reduce its variable production overhead by finding cheaper suppliers or using more efficient manufacturing methods.
.2. The brand name JYZ could try to increase its sales volume. For example, it could offer discounts or promotions to encourage more people to buy its products. The company could also try to expand its market by targeting new customers or entering new markets
.3. The brand name JYZ could try to increase its selling price. For example, it could introduce premium products that are priced higher than its existing products. The company could also try to position itself as a luxury brand and charge a premium for its products.
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Using one of the major tools (Value Chain, Resource Analysis,
Organizational Design, Sources of Competitive Advantage, and
Industry Life Cycle), choose a company and analyze it using one of
these tool
The company's brand is associated with high quality and innovation. Apple's resources, especially its technological know-how, have allowed it to develop high-quality products that have become household names.
Organizational Design: Apple Inc.Apple Inc. is an American technology firm. Its organizational design is structured, with separate divisions in the company.The following are the main components of the company's organizational design:Functional Structure:Apple Inc. is divided into divisions based on functions, such as the Hardware Engineering division, which is responsible for creating hardware solutions for Apple's goods. The Software Engineering division is responsible for developing software that runs on Apple's devices.Geographic Structure:Apple Inc. has different regional divisions throughout the world that are responsible for running operations and managing sales in their respective regions.Product-Based Structure:Apple Inc. has a structure in which divisions are organized according to the goods they make, such as the iPhone, iPad, and Mac divisions.
Matrix Structure:
Apple Inc. combines the features of a functional structure with those of a product-based structure in a matrix structure. This structure enables the business to collaborate on a project-by-project basis across divisions.Resource Analysis: Apple Inc.Apple's resources include its technological expertise, brand, innovative products, and retail networks.
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Which of the following situations may lead to an asset impairment?
A :A company increases production through a machine that previously had excess capacity.
B :A company decides to repair and use a previously unused piece of equipment.
C :A new technology leads to the availability of a more efficient and cost-effective machine.
D :Fatal flaws in a new technology make new equipment models less desirable.
The most likely situation that may lead to an asset impairment is a new technology leads to the availability of a more efficient and cost-effective machine.
An asset impairment is a loss in the value of an asset. This can happen for a number of reasons, including:
The asset becomes obsolete or technologically outdated.
The asset is damaged or destroyed.
The asset is no longer used or needed by the company.
In the case of option C, a new technology leads to the availability of a more efficient and cost-effective machine. This means that the old machine is no longer as valuable to the company, as it can be replaced with a newer, more efficient machine.
The other options are not as likely to lead to an asset impairment. Option A, a company increases production through a machine that previously had excess capacity, is actually likely to increase the value of the asset. Option B, a company decides to repair and use a previously unused piece of equipment, is also likely to increase the value of the asset. Option D, fatal flaws in a new technology make new equipment models less desirable, is possible, but it is less likely than option C.
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Bargaining power of customers is likely to be the lowest for markets involving ________.
apparel
automobiles
patented drugs
insurance
The bargaining power of customers is likely to be the lowest for markets involving patented drugs.
Patented drugs typically have limited competition due to intellectual property protection, which reduces customer options and alternatives. Customers in need of specific patented drugs often have little bargaining power to negotiate lower prices or favorable terms. The high demand for essential medications and the lack of substitutes further diminish customer leverage. Pharmaceutical companies with exclusive rights to produce and distribute patented drugs can maintain higher prices and exert significant control over the market, resulting in limited customer bargaining power. Additionally, the complex nature of the pharmaceutical industry, including regulations and insurance coverage, further restricts customers' ability to exert influence in this market.
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3. Fashion Valet is one of these brands, founded by a popular Malaysian blogger, Vivy Yusof. Since 2010, Fashion Valet's platform has grown to include 400 brands, retail stores, and inhouse brands. Today, Fashion Valet is setting their sights on reaching global customers, with a local spin. Propose and explain ONE (1) target marketing strategy used by Fashion Valet. Provide relevant example to support your idea. 4. Disintermediation occurs when product or service producers cut out intermediaries and go directly to final buyers, or when radically new types of channel intermediaries displace traditional ones. Therefore, define marketing channel and explain with example FOUR (4) steps in channel design decisions.
3. Target marketing strategy refers to selecting a specific group of customers as a target market to provide them with products or services according to their preferences and needs.
4. Marketing channels are the methods or ways used by a business to reach its customers.
3. Target Marketing Strategy used by Fashion Valet:
Fashion Valet uses geographic, demographic, and psychographic segmentation for its target marketing strategy.
The company targets young women who are fashion-conscious, stylish, and love to wear trendy clothes.Fashion Valet offers personalized content and communication to its customers. They offer exclusive discounts and new products updates to their customers through email newsletters.
4. Marketing Channel and Steps in Channel Design Decisions: The channel design decision process includes 4 steps, which are as follows:
Step 1: Analyzing the Needs of the Target Market.The first step in the channel design decision process is analyzing the needs of the target market. A business should first analyze the needs of its target customers, and then design a channel that will effectively meet those needs.Step 2: Establishing Objectives and Constraints.The second step in the channel design decision process is establishing objectives and constraints. A business should determine its channel objectives and constraints to make sure they align with their business goals.Step 3: Identifying and Evaluating Alternative Channels.The third step in the channel design decision process is identifying and evaluating alternative channels. A business should identify and evaluate various channel alternatives that are available and choose the best one for their business.Step 4: Selecting and Managing Channel Members.The fourth and final step in the channel design decision process is selecting and managing channel members. A business should select and manage its channel members based on their needs, goals, and objectives.Know more about the Target marketing strategy
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Inventory records for Marvin Company revealed the following: Marvin sold 1,900 units of inventory during the month. Cost of goods sold assuming FIFO would be: (Do not round your intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar amount.) Marvin sold 1,900 units of inventory during the month. Cost of goods sold assuming FIFO would be: (Do not round your intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar amount.) Multiple Choice $11,549 $15,922. $15,109
Answer:
Without information on the cost of each unit or the order of sales, it is not possible to calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) using the FIFO method for Marvin Company's inventory.
Explanation:
To calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) using the FIFO (First-In, First-Out) method, we need to know the cost of each unit of inventory and the order in which the units were sold. The FIFO method assumes that the first units purchased or produced are the first ones sold. However, the given information about Marvin Company's inventory only states the number of units sold (1,900), but it does not provide the cost of each unit or the specific order of sales. As a result, it is not possible to accurately determine the cost of goods sold using the FIFO method.
The FIFO method is based on the assumption that the oldest units in inventory are sold first. This means that the cost of the earliest units purchased is matched with the units sold, while the cost of the most recent units remains in inventory. Without knowing the specific cost of each unit or the order in which the units were sold, we cannot determine the exact cost of goods sold for Marvin Company.
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Without information on the cost of each unit or the order of sales, it is not possible to calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) using the FIFO method for Marvin Company's inventory.
To calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS) using the FIFO (First-In, First-Out) method, we need to know the cost of each unit of inventory and the order in which the units were sold. The FIFO method assumes that the first units purchased or produced are the first ones sold.
However, the given information about Marvin Company's inventory only states the number of units sold (1,900), but it does not provide the cost of each unit or the specific order of sales. As a result, it is not possible to accurately determine the cost of goods sold using the FIFO method.
The FIFO method is based on the assumption that the oldest units in inventory are sold first. This means that the cost of the earliest units purchased is matched with the units sold, while the cost of the most recent units remains in inventory. Without knowing the specific cost of each unit or the order in which the units were sold, we cannot determine the exact cost of goods sold for Marvin Company.
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1) Assume that P = 48 - 2Q. Find the level of production that
maximizes revenue. (2 points) 2) Assume that in addition to P = 48
- 2Q, TC = 4 + 4Q. Find the level of production that maximizes
profit.
11) To find the level of production that maximizes revenue when P = 48 - 2Q, we need to first find the revenue equation. Revenue (R) is equal to the product of price (P) and quantity (Q). So, we have:
R = P * Q
Substituting the value of P in the above equation, we get:
R = (48 - 2Q) * Q
R = 48Q - 2Q²
To find the level of production that maximizes revenue, we need to take the derivative of the revenue function with respect to Q and set it equal to zero:
dR/dQ = 48 - 4Q = 0
48 = 4Q
Q = 12
Therefore, the level of production that maximizes revenue is 12.
2) To find the level of production that maximizes profit when P = 48 - 2Q and TC = 4 + 4Q, we need to first find the profit equation. Profit (π) is equal to revenue (R) minus total cost (TC). So, we have:
π = R - TC
π = (48 - 2Q)Q - (4 + 4Q)
π = 44Q - 2Q² - 4
To find the level of production that maximizes profit, we need to take the derivative of the profit function with respect to Q and set it equal to zero:
dπ/dQ = 44 - 4Q = 0
44 = 4Q
Q = 11
Therefore, the level of production that maximizes profit is 11.
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Tyson reduces whole chickens into packaged parts through a(n) process. Select one: A. synthetic B. analytic
B) Tyson reduces whole chickens into packaged parts through an analytic process.
The analytic process is used by Tyson to break down whole chickens into packaged parts. In the context of food processing, an analytic process involves the systematic separation of a whole product into its individual components or parts. In this case, the whole chickens are dissected and divided into various parts like drumsticks, wings, breast fillets, thighs, etc., which are then packaged separately for sale. The process is analytical because it involves breaking down the whole chicken into its constituent parts by carefully examining and separating each component. This allows for efficient packaging, distribution, and sale of specific chicken parts according to consumer demand and preferences. The analytic process employed by Tyson ensures that the chickens are utilized effectively, maximizing the value of each part and meeting the diverse needs of customers in the market.
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Suppose the nominal exchange rate between the yen and the U.S. dollar is 195 yen per U.S. dollar, and that the nominal exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the U.S. dollar is 1.30 Canadian dollars per U.S. dollar. How many yen would it take to buy a Canadian dollar? 253.5 150 2.54 0.0067
Suppose the nominal exchange rate between the yen and the U.S. dollar is 195 yen per U.S. dollar, and that the nominal exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the U.S. dollar is 1.30 Canadian dollars per U.S. dollar.
We are to find out how many yen would it take to buy a Canadian dollar?
To find out how many yen would it take to buy a Canadian dollar,
we need to consider the rates between each Canadian and the U.S. dollar.
We can use the formula:
X = 1/ (rate of A in USD/rate of B in USD)
Where A and B are two foreign currencies.
In this case, we have two rates:
X = 1/(1.30/1) because Canadian dollar is the numerator
X = 0.7692
Thus, it takes 0.7692 U.S. dollars to buy one Canadian dollar.
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A business plan is significant because it allows the business leaders the ability to lay out their goals and track improvement over time and a DEI operating plan is not very different from an organization’s business plan. A DEI operating plan allows an organization to set very specific strategic objectives that can be measured to ensure growth related to representation, inclusion, or access. This allows companies to move beyond training to actually develop a strategy that promotes progress.
Much like most business plans, creating a DEI plan forces you to sit down and think about your major areas of opportunity before you get started. This includes your workforce demographics, spend with diverse companies, marketing collateral, and even what products you will sell.
For this final assignment you will create a DEI Operating Plan. You can use your own company as the example or, if you are not currently employed, use Halo Hospital system (fictitious) as the company that you will create a plan for. Halo operates out a Chicago, Illinois, and is a $2 billion dollar company which supports over 10,000 patients annually. Halo has a workforce of over 16,000 workers and has been and is relatively new to the market. It was founded in 2015 for the sole purpose of providing quality healthcare at an affordable price.
Action Items
Write a DEI Operating Plan, 3 to 5 pages in length, with the following elements and questions thoroughly addressed.
Does the Statement answer the following: what is important, why is it important, and who is responsible for progress?
Is it signed by their most senior leader?
Write at least two strategic objectives in the DEI operating plan, addressing:
Does the plan address what organizational change they would like to see?
Does the strategic objectives have initiative assigned directly to each objective?
Does each strategy objective have key performance indicators to measure success/progress?
Include other important elements in the plan:
Working definitions of diversity, equity, and inclusion.
List of inclusive leadership behaviors.
A communication calendar.
A process for celebrating success.
A plan for continuous improvement.
The Halo Hospital System DEI operating planStatement on the importance of DEI, reasons for its significance, and responsibility for progressThe statement should answer the following questions.
what is important, why is it important, and who is responsible for progress?It is essential that the DEI operating plan clearly states what is important, why it is important, and who is responsible for progress.
The statement must specify that diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are significant for the Halo Hospital System to effectively deliver quality healthcare services to its diverse patient population. Furthermore, it must indicate that the DEI initiative is critical in promoting an inclusive and welcoming workplace, fostering employee morale and job satisfaction, and ultimately supporting the hospital's mission and goals.
The hospital's most senior leader should sign the statement, demonstrating their commitment and accountability to advancing DEI within the organization.Strategic objectivesTwo strategic objectives addressing organizational change and initiative assigned to each objective should be included in the DEI operating plan.
The objectives may include but are not limited to:Developing and implementing a comprehensive DEI training and education program for all hospital employees.Each employee will be required to complete DEI training within 30 days of hire.
DEI training will include cultural competency, bias awareness, and communication skills. Supervisors and managers will be required to undergo additional training on inclusive leadership practices and how to mitigate unconscious bias in the hiring and promotion process.Increasing representation and inclusion at all levels of the hospital.Halo will develop and implement a strategic diversity recruitment plan with a goal of increasing the percentage of diverse hires by 50% in the next two years.
To achieve this objective, the hospital will partner with community organizations, schools, and universities to promote career opportunities in healthcare to diverse populations. The hospital's recruitment and hiring processes will be reviewed to ensure that they are equitable, unbiased, and inclusive.
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4. Internet Inc has an expected return of 15% and a standard deviation of 40%. What is your expected return if you buy the stock on margin? Assume a margin requirement of . 40 and a call money rate (margin loan rate) of 6.50%?
Buying on margin means borrowing money from a brokerage house to buy securities. It allows investors to purchase more shares than they would be able to with their available funds.
However, it comes with the added risk of a margin call, which occurs when the value of securities in the investor’s account falls below a certain level set by the brokerage firm. This will result in an investor being required to deposit more money or securities into the account to meet the minimum equity level. Here's how to calculate the expected return if you buy the stock on margin: First, let's calculate the margin.
The margin is equal to the difference between the total value of the security and the amount borrowed.Margin = (Total Value of Security - Amount Borrowed) = (1 - Margin Requirement) x Total Value of SecurityTherefore, Margin = (1 - 0.40) x Total Value of Security = 0.60 x Total Value of SecurityNow, let's calculate the amount borrowed.Amount Borrowed = Total Value of Security - Margin = Total Value of Security - (0.60 x Total Value of Security) = 0.40 x Total Value of Security.
Now, let's calculate the expected return of the stock on margin using the formula: Expected Return = Expected Return of Stock - Margin Loan Rate x (1 - Margin) x Expected Return of Stock - Standard Deviation of Stock x (Amount Borrowed/Total Value of Security)Expected Return of Stock = 15%Margin Loan Rate = 6.50%Margin = 0.60Amount Borrowed = 0.40 x Total Value of Security Standard Deviation of Stock = 40%Expected Return on Stock on Margin = 15% - (6.50% x 0.60 x 15%) - (40% x (0.40 x Total Value of Security/Total Value of Security))= 15% - 5.85% - 0.16= 9.99%Therefore, the expected return if you buy the stock on margin is 9.99%.
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Use the IS-LM model to predict the short-run effects of each of the following shocks on income, the real interest rate, consumption, and investment. In each case, explain what the Fed should do to keep income at its initial level. After the invention of a new high-speed computer chip, many firms decide to upgrade their computer systems a. A wave of credit card fraud increases the frequency with which people make transactions with cash. b. A best-seller titled "Retire Rich" convinces the public to increase the percentage of their income devoted to savings c. d. The appointment of a new Fed chairman increases expected inflation.
In the IS-LM model, this shock affects investment. The increase in investment demand will shift the IS curve to the right. This will lead to an increase in income (Y) and the real interest rate (r).
How to explain the informationb. A wave of credit card fraud increases the frequency with which people make transactions with cash: This shock affects money demand and transactions in the economy. When people make more transactions with cash, the demand for money increases, leading to a rightward shift in the LM curve.
c. A best-seller titled "Retire Rich" convinces the public to increase the percentage of their income devoted to savings: This shock affects consumption and saving. When people increase their savings, consumption (C) decreases, leading to a leftward shift in the IS curve. This shift results in a decrease in income (Y) and the real interest rate (r). Investment (I) will also decrease due to the decrease in aggregate demand.
d. The appointment of a new Fed chairman increases expected inflation:
This shock affects inflation expectations and the LM curve. When expected inflation increases, individuals and firms anticipate higher future prices and demand higher nominal interest rates.
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