Dalton's atomic theory stated that matter consists of tiny indestructible particles called Atoms, which combine in definite ratio to form compound atoms.
According to Dalton's atomic theory all matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. Atoms of an element are identical in size, mass and other properties. The atoms of different elements differ in size, mass and other properties. Atoms cannot be subdivided, created or destroyed into other forms. Atoms of different elements are combine in certain ratio to form chemical compounds. Atoms are combined, separated or rearranged in a chemical reaction. Compound is a molecule made of atoms of different elements. All the compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.
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Question 10 of 35
The graph shows the change in temperature of a sample
of water in a closed system as thermal energy is added
over time.
Temperature (°C)
150°C
100°C.
50°C-
g
0°C-
-50°C
10
20 30 40 50
Time (min)
What happens to the temperature of the water when it begins to melt?
OA The temperature remains at 100°C until the change of state is
complete
B. The temperature continues to increase during the change of state
C. The temperature continues to decrease during the change of
state.
OD. The temperature remains at 0°C until the change of state is
complete.
Answer:
D. The temperature remains at 0°C until the change of state is complete.
An organic molecule must contain carbon and nitrogen. True or false
Answer: False
Explanation:
Except for a few substances like carbonates, carbides, cyanides, and cyanates, every molecule that includes carbon and hydrogen is considered to be organic. A molecule need not include nitrogen to be regarded as organic.
Amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids are examples of organic molecules that include both carbon and nitrogen. However, not all organic substances contain nitrogen. The most prevalent organic substances are hydrocarbons and their derivatives, which are made up entirely of hydrogen and carbon.
It is essential to remember that the term "organic" is used in various settings and denotes various things depending on the industry.
While "organic" refers to items produced without the use of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or other chemicals in agriculture and food science, the term "organic" is used to designate substances that include carbon and hydrogen in chemistry.
A/An _______ is composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts.
A heterogenous mixture is composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts.
What is heterogenous mixture?Heterogenous mixtures is defined as a type of mixture where in the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture.It consists as two or more phases. The phases are chemically distinct from each other.
As there are two or more phases present in heterogenous mixtures they can be separated by solvent extraction where in one phase is miscible with the solvent and the other phase is immiscible.
Components of a heterogenous mixtures are distinctly visible . There are two types of heterogenous mixtures, the colloids and the suspensions.These two vary with each other with respect to particle size.
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C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
How many grams of H2O would be produced if you start with 0.75 moles of C3H8?
___________ g of H2O
Answer:
Rewrite the equation in standard form.
C3H8 + 5O2 ==> 3CO2 + 4H2O.
2. Convert 8.5 x 10^22 molecules proper into molecules . Remember 1 mole contains 6.02 x 10^23 molecules.
3. Using the confficients in the balanced equation, convert moles propper to moles H2O.
4. Convert mols H2O to grams. g = moles x molar mass.
If you start with 0.75 moles of C₃H₈, you would produce 54 grams of H₂O.
Moles (mol) are a unit of measurement used to express the amount of a substance. One mole of a substance is defined as the amount of that substance that contains the same number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. This number is known as Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10²³ particles per mole.
The mole is used to relate the mass of a substance to its chemical formula and to perform stoichiometric calculations.
The balanced equation is:
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
From the equation, every 1 mole of C₃H₈, 4 moles of H₂O are produced.
Moles of H₂O = (0.75 moles C₃H₈) x (4 moles H₂O / 1 mole C₃H₈)
= 3 moles H₂O
Mass of H₂O = (3 moles H₂O) x (18 g/mol)
= 54 g
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Suppose that a Normal model describes the acidity (pH) of rainwater, and that water tested after last week's storm had a z-score of 1.8. This means that the acidity of that rain Select one: A. had a pH 1.8 times that of average rainwater. B. had a pH of 1.8. C. had a pH 1.8 higher than average rainfall. D. had a pH 1.8 standard deviations higher than that of average rainwater.E. varied with a standard deviation of 1.8.
For the question asked, the correct option is (D) i.e. 1.8 standard deviations higher in pH than the typical rainfall.
A z-score is a measure of how many standard deviations a particular data point lies from the mean of a normal distribution. If the pH of the rainwater after last week's storm has a z-score of 1.8, this means that the acidity of the rain was 1.8 standard deviations higher than the mean acidity of average rainfall. It is important to note that the pH scale is logarithmic, so a change of one unit in pH represents a ten-fold change in acidity. Therefore, a change of 1.8 units in pH represents a ten-fold change raised to the power of 1.8, which is a substantial increase in acidity.
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What is the volume, in milliliters, of 6.48 g
of acetone?
Answer:Good question!! I’ll try to help you the best I can!
First off, you have to know that acetone has a density of 0.7857 g/cm^2
You also need to know that 1mL = 1cm^3
Once you know that, the rest is pretty easy you’ll see! The next step is a cross product to find out how many cm^2 are in 6.72g :
0.7857 g → 1 cm^3
6.72 g cm^3
(1 * 6.72) ÷ 0.7857 = x
6.72 ÷ 0.7857 =x
8.55
Which means that for 6.72g of acetone, you have a volume of about 8.55cm^3.
Finally, since we’ve established in the beginning that 1cm³ = 1mL, it’s easy to answer your question!
The volume, in millilitres, of 6.72g of acetone is about : 8.55mL
There you go, I really hope this helped, if there’s anything just let me know!
Explanation:
Match the term with the correct response.
4% milkfat
2% or 1% milkfat
less than .02% milkfat
35% to 40% milkfat
15% to 18% milkfat
Following are the match-ups of different milkfats.
Whole milk (3.25% milk fat), reduced-fat milk (2%), low-fat milk (1%), and fat-free milk, sometimes known as skim milk, are the four main forms of milk that are readily available. Each one has 8 grammes of high-quality protein and 13 other necessary elements. The quantity of fat in each type of milk, expressed as a percentage of milkfat, varies. To display the milkfat at a glance, these percentages are mentioned on the box and via the various cap colours.
All milk, including fat-free, low-fat, organic, and lactose-free varieties, remains a naturally nutrient-rich, straightforward, and healthful food. However, the amount of milk fat does impact the number of calories and fat in each serving.
4% milkfat whole milk2% or 1% milkfat reduced fat milkless than .02% milkfat skim or fat-free35% to 40% milkfat heavy cream15% to 18% milkfat half-and-half
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Find the mass of aluminum required to produce 4.72 L of hydrogen gas at stp from the reaction described by the following equation: 2L + 3H2SO4 → AL2(SO4)3 + 3H2
The mass of aluminum required to produce 4.72 L of hydrogen gas at stp from the reaction 27g.
The mass of aluminum can be found in several ways?Protons or electrons, whichever is greater, make up the atomic number. Changing the neutron count from 14 to 13 and the atomic number. Therefore, aluminum's atomic mass is 13+14=27u.According to the periodic table, the mass of one mole of Al atoms is calculated to be 26.98 g, rounded to two decimal places.The mass of the compound's formula is calculated by summing the masses of its constituent atoms. The ions can be regarded as atoms in order to determine the formula mass because a proper formula is electrically neutral (with no net electrons gained or lost).Explanation:
13+14 =27.
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Define hydrogen bonding with example?
Explanation:
Hydrogen bonding is a type of noncovalent interaction between molecules or within a molecule in which a hydrogen atom is attracted to a highly electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. The bond is formed between the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom and the partial negative charge on the other atom.
An example of hydrogen bonding is the interaction between the hydrogen atoms in the molecule of water, H2O. In the water molecule, each hydrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom. The oxygen atom is more electronegative than hydrogen, which means it has a stronger pull on the electrons in the bond. This creates a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom, and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms. These partial charges allow for the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the oxygen atoms of another water molecule. This is what gives water its unique properties, such as high boiling point, high surface tension, and high heat of vaporization.
which of the following compounds are drawn in the cis configuration? O b only O b, d, and e only O a and b only O d only
If the two substituents are on the same side of the double bond, the bond has a cis conformation. From the diagram below, B, D, and E only have the cis configuration.
If the two substituents are on the opposite sides of the double bond, the double bond has a trans configuration. In the context of chemistry, trans denotes that the functional groups (substituents) are on the same side of some plane, whereas cis implies that they are on the other (transverse) side. The same plane contains all six atoms. The cis isomer has two "X" and "Y" groups on the same side of the double bond. In the trans isomer, the "X" and "Y" groups are situated on opposite sides of the double bond. They do not interconvert because there is no rotation around the bond.
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complete question: which of the following compounds are drawn in the cis configuration? 1.D only 2. B only 3. B, D, and E only 4. A and B only
18. If 25.0 grams of ice at 0°C are heated at a constant rate of 400.0 joules/minute, calculate the time needed to
melt the sample completely. SHOW WORK.
I need help with this as well
It takes 8,350 joules of heat, or 2,000 calories, to melt 25 grams of ice.
How much heat is required to melt 25.0 g of ice at 0 C?The heat of fusion is the quantity of heat energy needed to convert a substance from a solid to a liquid state of matter. As the enthalpy of fusion, it has another name. Typically, it measures energy in joules per gram (J/g) or calories per gram (Cal/g). Calculating the amount of energy needed to melt a sample of water ice is shown how to do in this example problem.Examples:
To melt 25 grammes of ice, how much heat, in Joules, is needed? The heat in calories is what?
334 J/g = 80 calories per gramme of food containing water.
Solution
Heat of fusion is specified in the problem. Not off the top of your head knowledge, this is not a number. Common values for the heat of fusion are listed in chemistry tables.
You will need the equation relating heat energy to mass and heat of fusion in order to tackle this issue:
When q = heat energy and m = mass, q = mHf.
The heat of fusion is Hf.
Since it is unaffected by a change in matter's condition, temperature is not a factor in the equation. Making sure you are using the appropriate units for the answer is crucial because the equation is quite simple.
Converting heat into Joules:
q = (25 g)x(334 J/g)
q = 8350 J
In terms of calories, it's equally simple to describe the heat:
q = m·ΔHf
q = (25g)x(80cal/g)
q = 2000 cal
Answer: It takes 8,350 joules of heat, or 2,000 calories, to melt 25 grammes of ice.
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which of the following accurately describes the reaction shown above N2+3H2=2NH3
The reaction would go left under increased pressure.
What is the best statement?Though the question is incomplete and I can't find the complete answer online, I can try to give you an overview about the reaction. If we look at this reaction we can see that it is a reversible reaction.
We then know that the conditions of the reaction is what is going to determine the direction that the reaction is going to go in the system. Given the fact that we have more volumes on the left than on the right, the reaction would move to the left if the pressure is increased.
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which of the following choices provides the most probable values for the first four ionization energies of aluminum
The most probable values for the first four ionization energies of the aluminum are : IE₁ = 578 kJ/mol, IE₂ = 1817 kJ/mol, "IE₃ = 2745 kJ/mol", IE₄ = 11577 kJ/mol.
The ionization energy is the amount of the energy required to remove the electron from an atom. The electronic configuration of Al is given as :
Al electronic configuration = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹. The fourth ionization energy is comparatively high because the 2p subshell is fully filled and the energy required to remove the electron from the stable electronic configuration will be high. Therefore, the fourth ionization energy is high.
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pose you choose the initial masses so that both reactions produce pcl3. explain how both of these chemical reactions obey the law of definite proportions, even though they produ
In the field of chemistry known as stoichiometry, the goal is to ascertain the needed quantitative data by using relationships between the reactants and/or products of a chemical process.
What in chemistry is reaction stoichiometry?The quantitative relationship between the chemicals that take part in diverse chemical reactions is described by reaction stoichiometry.In the field of chemistry known as stoichiometry, the goal is to ascertain the needed quantitative data by using relationships between the reactants and/or products of a chemical process.The equation above shows how the components K and Cl immediately combine to generate the compound KCl.In the field of chemistry known as stoichiometry, the goal is to ascertain the needed quantitative data by using relationships between the reactants and/or products of a chemical process.The complete question is,
Suppose you set the initial masses so that both reactions result in PCl3. Describe how the laws of definite and definite obeyed in both of these chemical reactions.
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which of the following can be accomplished by connecting a photovoltaic solar panel to a hydrogen fuel cell?
a. Solar Power and Cell
b. solar Cell
c. Photovoltaic Cells
d. solar panel's
a. Solar Energy and the Cell. By connecting a photovoltaic solar panel to a hydrogen fuel cell, the following may be accomplished: Photovoltaic panels or mirrors are used to concentrate solar energy.
Solar radiation is used by photovoltaic panels to convert sunlight into electrical energy. This energy can be turned into electricity or stored as thermal energy in batteries. Solar cells, often known as photovoltaic cells, convert sunlight directly into electricity. The term photovoltaics (abbreviated PV) comes from the photovoltaic effect, which is the process of converting light (photons) to energy (voltage). Photovoltaic solar energy is a type of clean, sustainable energy that creates electricity via the use of solar radiation. It is based on the photoelectric effect, which happens when specific materials absorb photons (light particles) and release electrons, resulting in the photoelectric effect.
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Select the equation that has the following mole ratio:
2:6:2:3
The chemical equation which has the given mole ratio is 2 Al + 6 HCl → 2 AlCl₃ + 3 H₂.
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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For Structure A what are the formal charges on atoms:
1 , 2 , and 3 ?
For Structure B what are the formal charges on atoms:
1 , 2 , and 3 ?
For Structure C what are the formal charges on atoms:
1 , 2 , and 3 ?
A formal charge is a hypothetical charge that is assigned to an individual atom in a polyatomic molecule.
The formal charge is the charge to an individual atom in a polyatomic molecule or the ion. The example of the formal charge is given below as:
Formal charge in carbon dioxide , CO₂ :
The formal charge = valence electrons - non bonding electrons - bonding
electron/2
Formal charge of Carbon atom = 4 - 0 - 8/2
= 0
Formal charge on oxygen atom 1 = 6 - 6
= 0
Formal charge on oxygen atom 2 = 4 - 4
= 0
The given question is incomplete, I gave general answer according to my knowledge.
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Arrange the necessary steps in order for finding the molecular formula of an unknown compound from mass percent data. Place the first step at the top of the list.
To find the molecular formula of an unknown compound from mass percent data, you can follow these steps. determine the molar mass of the compound by adding up the molar masses of each element present in the compound, using the mass percent data as a guide.
What are the necessary steps in order for finding the molecular formula?Use the molar mass and the empirical formula mass (which can be calculated from the empirical formula) to calculate the number of empirical formula units in the compound.Use this information to determine the molecular formula of the compound.First, determine the mass percent of each element present in the compound.Then, convert the mass percent of each element to moles by dividing by the molar mass of the element.Next, divide the moles of each element by the total moles of all elements to find the mole fraction of each element.Divide the mole fraction of each element by the smallest mole fraction. This gives you the subscripts in the empirical formula.From the empirical formula, calculate the formula mass and the molar mass of the compound Compare the molar mass and formula mass, and calculate the number of empirical formula units in the compound.Multiply the subscripts of the empirical formula by the number of formula units to find the molecular formula.It's important to note that the above steps are theoretical and in real-life scenarios, some analytical techniques like Mass Spectrometry(MS), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and X-ray Crystallography (XRD) are used to confirm the molecular formula of the compound.To learn more about molecular formula refer:
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When using gloves as personal protective equipment, which of the following procedures should be followed? A: Wear gloves of a material known to be resistant to permeation by the substances in use B: Remove gloves before handling objects such as doorknobs, telephones, pens, and computer keyboards C: Decontaminate or wash gloves before removing them D: Inspect gloves for small holes or tears before use E: Replace gloves periodically, depending on the frequency of use F: All of the above 13. Latex gloves A: May be reused as long as they are clean B: May be reused only if they have not been permeated C: Should never be reused
F: All of the above. When using gloves as personal protective equipment, it is important to follow all of the procedures listed:
A) Wear gloves of a material known to be resistant to permeation by the substances in use,
B) Remove gloves before handling objects such as doorknobs, telephones, pens, and computer keyboards,
C) Decontaminate or wash gloves before removing them,
D) Inspect gloves for small holes or tears before use,
E) Replace gloves periodically, depending on the frequency of use.C: Should never be reused. Latex gloves should never be reused as they may have been contaminated and may not provide sufficient protection. It is recommended that gloves are changed frequently to ensure safety.
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Using the formula, 2n^2 to find the maximum number of electrons in an orbit (shells), identify the elements that have incomplete shells.
A. Helium (Z = 2)
B. Zinc (Z = 30)
C. Argon (Z = 18)
D. Neon (Z = 10)
The elements that have incomplete shells are Zinc (Z = 30), Argon (Z = 18).so, option (b) (c) is correct.
What is element ?
A crucial component of a whole. a simple substance that cannot be divided into smaller components or transformed into another substance is referred to as in chemistry. Atoms, which are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons, are the building blocks of an element. One element has a fixed number of protons in each of its atoms.
What is shell?
An atom's outermost region, which surrounds the atomic nucleus, is known as the electron shell. It consists of a collection of atomic orbitals with the same value of the fundamental quantum number, n. One or more sublevels, or electron subshells, exist within electron shells.
Therefore, elements that have incomplete shells are Zinc (Z = 30), Argon (Z = 18).so, option (b) (c) is correct.
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Question:
Arrange these elements in order of decreasing atomic size: sulfur, chlorine, aluminum, and sodium. Does the arrangement demonstrate a periodic trend or a group trend?
Periodic Table:
All known elements in existence are neatly outlined in a table that we know as the "periodic table of elements". The periodic table is arranged in terms of increasing atomic numbers. Note that, by definition, elements are substances that are only broken down into their component atoms. Hence, substances like water or soil are not found in the periodic table despite being touted as "elements" by mythological sources.
Na>Al>S>Cl is the order in which the atomic sizes of the above elements decrease. We shall arrange the four specified elements in decreasing atomic radii order since they are all within the same time period.
Atomic radii in the periodic table decrease across a row from left to right and increase across a column from top to bottom. Due to these two patterns, the periodic table's lower left and upper right corners, respectively, contain the largest and smallest atoms. You can use the periodic table to keep track of broad principles or "trends" that are shown on the table. One such pattern is the atomic radius.
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You are making a fluorescence measurement at a concentration of 500 pM and get a signal to noise of 5. If you need a detection limit of 75 pM, by how much do you need to increase the source power? Assume all you noise is from the instrument so you can use the 3 x standard deviation definition.
By -320 pM, we need to increase the source power. A fluorescent material begins to produce visible light when energy is absorbed as a result of the incidence of X-rays, light waves, and electrons.
What is fluorescence?When a substance generates electromagnetic waves inside the longer wavelength range and makes them visible to the human eye, it is a fascinating occurrence. Let's first define fluorescence in order to comprehend this. This allows the substance to gently transition from the partly excited state to the ground state. Fluorescence is the term for this phenomena.
Detection limit = 3 × noise / signal to noise ratio
Detection limit = 3× 75 pM / 5 = 15 pM
Source power = (noise / desired detection limit)² × current source power
Source power = (15 pM / 75 pM)² ×500 pM
= 0.36 ×500 pM
= 180 pM
Source power= 180 pM - 500 pM =
=-320 pM
Therefore, -320 pM, we need to increase the source power.
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Correctly order the steps necessary to determine the molecular formula for a compound using combustion analysis data. Start with the first step at the top of the list. 1 Place these in the proper order. Determine the masses of carbon and hydrogen from the masses of Co, and H,0. Determine the molecular formula using the empirical formula and the molar mass. Determine the number of moles of each element in the compound and hence the empirical formula Determine the mass of oxygen, if present, by subtracting the masses of carbon and hydrogen from the total mass. Do you know the answer? I know it Think so Unsure No idea
The following is the right procedure to find out molecular formula of the compound these are steps:
Determine the mass of Carbon & Hydrogen from the CO₂ and H₂ODetermination of Oxygen , if presentDetermining the number of moles of each element and hence empirical formulaDetermining the molecular formula from the emprical formulaFrom a combustion analysis, how can you get the molecular formula?Take the grams of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and use them to calculate the empirical formula of the chemical. To find n, multiply the given molecular mass by the empirical formula mass and then compute the formula mass for the empirical formula. The molecular formula is obtained by multiplying each of the empirical formula's subscripts by n.
Do the empirical formula's molar mass calculations. Molecular mass determined using the empirical formula divided by the molecular mass provided. Add the entire number that was generated in step 2 to each subscript. The molecular equation is now this.
The molecular formula is obtained by multiplying each of the empirical formula's subscripts by n.
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Which of the following are square properties? Choose ALL that apply.
Four right angles.
Exactly one pair of parallel sides.
Diagonals are perpendicular.
Diagonals are congruent.
The properties of a square are;
Four right angles.Diagonals are perpendicular.Diagonals are congruent.What is a square?We know that a square is one of the types of the quadrilaterals that we have in mathematics. The implication of this is that the square would have four sides.
If the square has four sides then it is possible that we can be able to draw a diagonal that would run from one point to the other across the square and this can be said for all the quadrilaterals. This is how now know the square.
Hence, the square can be said to be a quadrilateral figure.
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when aqueous naoh is added to a solution containing al3 , a solid forms, but as more naoh solution is added the solid dissolves. which of the following best describes why the solid dissolves?
A solid that appears when aqueous naoh is added to an al3-containing solution; however, the solid dissolves as more naoh solution is added. due to the amphoteric nature of aluminium.
which allows it to react with both bases and acids. Aluminium ions are eager to accept two electrons because of how acidic they are. The chemical element aluminium, also known as aluminium in American and Canadian English, has an atomic number of 13 and the symbol Al. Aluminium is less dense than most common metals, with a density around one third that of steel. an electric charge Having a negative charge, an electron is a particle. The negative charge is 1.602 10-19 coulomb in magnitude. A proton's mass is 1/1837 that of an electron.
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Which of the following compounds would not be considered highly polar?
alkenes
alkanes
ethers
Given that ether is a more polar solvent than n-alkanes, it is anticipated that it will be more competitive in interactions of the dipole-type and as a hydrogen-bond base.
What one of the following compounds best exemplifies polarity?When two atoms form a polar covalent connection, a pair of electrons are unequally divided between them due to the electro-negativities that differentiate them. The name "polar covalent compounds" refers to these substances. An illustration of this is the electro-negativities of HCl, where each is different.HCl is a polar molecule because of the significant difference in electronegativity between the H and Cl atoms.Given that ether is a more polar solvent than n-alkanes, it is anticipated that it will be more competitive in interactions of the dipole-type and as a hydrogen-bond base.To learn more about polar solvent refer to:
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a simplified model of benzene, c6h6, shows the six carbon atoms in a ring with alternate single and double bonds between the carbon atoms. each carbon atom is also bonded to one hydrogen atom. based on this model predict the c-c-c bond angle in benzene.
Based on the model of Neil Bohr, The C-C-C bond angle in benzene is 120 degree. This is because of resonance stabilized.
Based on the simplified model of benzene, C6H6, in which the six carbon atoms are arranged in a ring with alternate single and double bonds between them, the C-C-C bond angle is expected to be around 120 degrees. This is because the double bonds between the carbon atoms in benzene are considered to be "resonance stabilized", meaning that the electrons in the double bond are spread out over all six carbon atoms in the ring. This delocalization of electrons results in an increased stability for the compound, and it also causes the bond angles to be slightly smaller than the ideal bond angle of a tetrahedral carbon atom, which is 109.5 degrees. It's important to note that the bond angles in benzene are not exactly 120 degrees, but are intermediate between the angles expected for single (around 109.5 degrees) and double (around 180 degrees) carbon-carbon bonds, the exact bond angles of benzene are around 120.7 degrees, and this is a result of the pi-electron distribution in the ring.
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Which of the following descriptions and/or equations best represents the enthalpy change of a system? There may be more than one correct answer.
A. The heat absorbed or released during a phase change or chemical reaction at constant pressure
B. The work done on or by a phase change or chemical reaction at constant pressure
C. deltaH = deltaE + PdeltaV
D. deltaE = q + w
E. H= E + PV
The heat absorbed or released during a phase shift or chemical reaction at constant pressure is what option a, in terms of equations, best describes the enthalpy change of a system.
Is the heat change in a system described by enthalpy?At constant pressure, a system's enthalpy (H) represents its heat capacity. Chemists often gauge how reactants transform into products by measuring changes in the enthalpy of chemical systems. The same thing as the enthalpy change, which is denoted by the symbol H, is the heat that a process at constant pressure absorbs or releases.A chemical reaction causes a change in the system's enthalpy, which is determined by the volume of the system's gas, its pressure, and its internal energy.The heat absorbed or released during a phase shift or chemical reaction at constant pressure is what option a, in terms of equations, best describes the enthalpy change of a system.To learn more about enthalpy change refer to:
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A hydrogen bond is a special type of a. induced dipole - induced dipole bond b.ionic bond c. dipole - dipole bond d. covalent bond
Option C is the right response since a hydrogen bond is a specific type of dipole-dipole link. A hydrogen bond, also known as the intermolecular force, produces a particular type of dipole-dipole attraction (IMF).
when two electronegative atoms that are connected by hydrogen bond to a strongly electronegative atom are nearby, one of them having a lone pair of electrons. Intermolecular forces, or IMFs, exist between molecules. The phrase "intermolecular forces," or "IMF," refers to the attractive and repulsive forces that form between the molecules of a substance. Through the use of these forces, certain molecules of a substance communicate with one another. The attraction between two hydrogen atoms known as a hydrogen bond (or H-bond) in chemistry is primarily brought on by electrostatic forces (H)
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Nitrogen's electronegativity value is between those of phosphorus and oxygen.
Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the three values?
A. The value for nitrogen is less than that of phosphorus because nitrogen is larger, but greater than that of oxygen because nitrogen has a greater effective nuclear charge.
B. The value for nitrogen is less than that of phosphorus because nitrogen has fewer protons but greater than that of oxygen because nitrogen has less valence electrons.
C. The value for nitrogen is greater than that of phosphorus because nitrogen has less electrons, but less than that of oxygen because nitrogen is smaller.
D. The value for nitrogen is greater than that of phosphorus because nitrogen is smaller, but less than that of oxygen because nitrogen has a smaller effective nuclear charge.
The correct relationship between the three values will be the value for nitrogen is greater than that of P because N is smaller, but less than that of O because N has a smaller effective nuclear charge.
Electronegativity is the chemical property which describes the tendency of an atom or a functional group which attract electrons toward itself. The electronegativity of an atom will be affected by both its atomic number as well as the distance that its valence electrons reside from the charged nuclei.
The electronegativity of phosphorus will be 2.19 is much less electronegativity than to the nitrogen. The electronegativity of nitrogen will be 3.04. 4. Phosphorus will expand its valence shell to hold more than eight electrons, but nitrogen cannot.
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