When a beam of alpha particles is aimed at a thin sheet of atoms such as gold, the alpha particles experience scattering due to their interaction with the atoms in the sheet.
As alpha particles are positively charged, they experience a strong repulsive force from the positively charged atomic nucleus.
Most of the alpha particles pass through the thin sheet with only a slight deviation from their initial path, but a small fraction of the alpha particles are scattered by large angles or even backscattered.
The process of alpha particle scattering can be explained by Rutherford's scattering formula, which takes into account the impact parameter (the distance between the alpha particle and the nucleus at its closest approach) and the Coulomb repulsion between the alpha particle and the nucleus.
As the impact parameter decreases, the probability of large-angle scattering or backscattering increases, leading to a characteristic scattering pattern that can be used to determine the size and distribution of the atomic nuclei in the thin sheet.
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what is the type of stream transported by a series of short leaps or bounces off the bottom of the streambed
The type of stream transport characterized by a series of short leaps or bounces off the bottom of the streambed is called "saltation."
Saltation occurs when the water flow in a stream has enough energy to lift and transport sediment particles, such as sand and gravel, in a series of short leaps or bounces. These particles are too heavy to be fully suspended in the water, but are also not heavy enough to stay in constant contact with the streambed. As a result, they are transported by moving intermittently between the water column and the streambed.
In summary, saltation is the type of stream transport that involves sediment particles being moved through a series of short leaps or bounces off the bottom of the streambed, which is typically observed in cases of sand and gravel transport.
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which of the following is a unit of measure that represents frequency and is expressed as the number of cycles per second?
The unit of measure that represents frequency and is expressed as the number of cycles per second is Hertz (Hz).
Hertz is a derived unit of measure that is used to quantify the frequency of vibrations, waves, and oscillations. It represents the number of cycles of a wave that occur in one second. For example, if a sound wave completes 440 cycles in one second, it is said to have a frequency of 440 Hz. The Hertz unit is named after the German physicist Heinrich Hertz who first demonstrated the existence of radio waves.
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28) An athlete doing push-ups performs 650 kJ of work and loses 425 kJ of heat. What is the change in the internal (thermal) energy of the athlete?
A) -225 kJ
B) -1075 kJ
C) 1075 kJ
D) 225 kJ
E) 276 kJ
The change in internal energy is the work done minus the heat lost. ΔE = 650 kJ - 425 kJ = 225 kJ. Answer: D
The change in internal (thermal) energy of the athlete can be calculated using the first law of thermodynamics,
which states that the change in internal energy (ΔE) is equal to the work done on the system (W) minus the heat lost (Q): ΔE = W - Q. In this case, the athlete performs 650 kJ of work (W) and loses 425 kJ of heat (Q).
Therefore, the change in internal energy is: ΔE = 650 kJ - 425 kJ = 225 kJ. The correct answer is D) 225 kJ.
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suppose the moment of inertia for a figure skater with arms out and one leg extended is 3.2 kg m2, and for arms and legs in is 0.80 kg m2. if she starts out spinning at 7.8 rev/s, while her arms and legs are in, what is her angular speed (in rev/s) when she extends her arms and leg?
The angular speed of the figure skater when she extends her arms and leg is 1.95 rev/s.
We can use the conservation of angular momentum to solve this problem:
I1 * ω1 = I2 * ω2
where
I1 and I2 are the moment of inertia with arms and legs in and out, respectively, and
ω1 and ω2 are the initial and final angular velocities.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
[tex](0.80 kg m^2) * (7.8 rev/s) = (3.2 kg m^2) *[/tex]ω₂
ω₂ = [tex](0.80 kg m^2 * 7.8 rev/s) / (3.2 kg m^2)[/tex]
ω₂ = 1.95 rev/s
Therefore, the angular speed of the figure skater when she extends her arms and leg is 1.95 rev/s.
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find the kinetic energy k of a satellite with mass m in a circular orbit with radius r . express your answer in terms of m , m , g , and r . activate to select the appropriates template from the following choices. operate up and down arrow for selection and press enter to choose the input value typeactivate to select the appropriates symbol from the following choices. operate up and down arrow for selection and press enter to choose the input value type k
K ⇒ GMm/2r is the kinetic energy k of a satellite with mass m in a circular orbit with radius r
Define kinetic energy
The energy of motion, or kinetic energy, can be seen in the movement of an item or subatomic particle. Kinetic energy is present in every moving object and particle. Kinetic energy is present when something moves, such as a person walking, a baseball soaring through the air, a piece of food dropping from a table, or a charged particle in an electric field.
Any particle of matter in the universe will gravitate toward any other with a force that varies directly as the product of the masses and inversely as the square of the distance between them, according to Newton's law of gravitation.
K ⇒ 1/2mv^2
v^2 ⇒GM/r
K ⇒ GMm/2r
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Two m^3 of air in a rigid, insulated container fitted with a paddle wheel is initially at 293K, 200kPa. The air receives 710kJ by work from the paddle wheel. Assuming the ideal gas model with cv=0.72 kJ/kg.K, determine for the air (a) the mass, in kg, (b) final temperature, in K, and (c) the amount of entropy produced, in kJ/K.
Mass, final temperature, and entropy change of air undergoing work in a rigid, insulated container can be determined to be approximately 0.0329 kg, 7372 K, and 2.42 kJ/K respectively, assuming ideal gas behavior with specific heat at constant volume of 0.72 kJ/kg.K.
What are the mass, final temperature, and entropy change of air undergoing work in a rigid, insulated container?
We can solve this problem using the first law of thermodynamics and the ideal gas law.
(a) To determine the mass of the air in the container, we need to know the volume of the container and the density of air at the given conditions. The ideal gas law describes the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of gas:
PV = nRT
where P - pressure, V - volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R -universal gas constant, and T - temperature in Kelvin.
Rearranging equation to solve for n, we will get:
n = PV/RT
Since we know the volume and pressure of the air, as well as the temperature and the gas constant, we can calculate the number of moles of air in the container:
n = (200 kPa * 2 m^3) / (8.314 kPam^3/(molK) * 293 K) ≈ 1.132 mol
To convert this to mass, multiply by air's molar mass, which is roughly 28.97 g/mol. Hence, mass (m) of air in the container is as below:
m = n * M = 1.132 mol * 28.97 g/mol ≈ 32.9 g ≈ 0.0329 kg
(b) To determine the final temperature of the air, we can use the first law of thermodynamics:
ΔU = Q - W
where ΔU -shift in the system's internal energy,
Q - additional heat to the system, and
W - work done by the system. the container is insulated, thus there is no heat transfer, so Q = 0. The work done by the system is positive, since it is receiving energy from the paddle wheel, so W = 710 kJ. Therefore, we can write:
ΔU = -710 kJ
The internal energy of an ideal gas is a function of its temperature only, so we can write:
ΔU = cv * m * ΔT
where cv is the specific heat at constant volume, m is the mass of the gas, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Solving for ΔT, we get:
ΔT = -ΔU / (cv * m) = -710 kJ / (0.72 kJ/kg.K * 0.0329 kg) ≈ 7,079 K
Since the initial temperature of the air was 293 K, the final temperature is:
T-f = Ti + ΔT = 293 K + 7,079 K ≈ 7,372 K
(c) We can use the second law of thermodynamics to calculate the amount of entropy produced:
ΔS = Q/T
where ΔS is the change in entropy of the system, Q is the heat added to the system, and T is the temperature of the system. Since there is no heat transfer between the system and the surroundings, the entropy change of the surroundings is zero, so the total entropy change is:
ΔStotal = ΔSsystem = Q/T
Since the container is insulated, the temperature of the air does not change during the process, so we can use the initial temperature of the air to calculate the entropy change:
ΔS = Q/T = 710 kJ / (293 K) ≈ 2,424 J/K ≈ 2.42 kJ/K
Therefore, the amount of entropy produced during the process is approximately 2.42 kJ/K.
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What is the energy change when 20g of solid aluminum is increased from 50C to 100C? The heat capacity of aluminum is 0.902j/g*C.Is this an endothermic or exothermic process
The energy change when 20g of solid aluminum is increased from 50°C to 100°C is 902J and the process is endothermic.
This can be calculated using the formula:
Q = mcΔTwhere Q is the heat energy transferred, m is the mass of the substance, c is its specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
Substituting the given values, we get:
Q = (20 g) x (0.902 J/g°C) x (100°C - 50°C)
Q = 902 J
Therefore, the energy change is 902 J. Since the temperature of the aluminum is increasing, this is an endothermic process as heat is being absorbed by the aluminum.
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an engine has a hot reservoir temperature of 964 k and a cold reservoir temperature of 622 k. the engine operates at three-fifths maximum efficiency. what is the efficiency of the engine?
According to the statement the efficiency of the engine is 21.24% when operating at three-fifths maximum efficiency.
To find the efficiency of the engine, we can use the formula for the Carnot cycle, which relates the hot and cold reservoir temperatures to the maximum theoretical efficiency of the engine.
The Carnot efficiency formula is:
Efficiency = (1 - Tc/Th)
Where Tc is the temperature of the cold reservoir and Th is the temperature of the hot reservoir.
Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:
Efficiency = (1 - 622/964) = 0.354 or 35.4%
However, the problem states that the engine is operating at three-fifths (or 60%) of the maximum efficiency, so we need to multiply our calculated efficiency by 60%.
Efficiency = 0.354 * 0.6 = 0.2124 or 21.24%
Therefore, the efficiency of the engine is 21.24% when operating at three-fifths maximum efficiency.
In conclusion, the efficiency of the engine can be determined using the Carnot efficiency formula, and adjusting for the given operating efficiency to find the final answer.
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oes a particle in a 1-d box gain more, less, or the same amount of energy by going from the 1st to the 2nd level or from the 2nd to the 3rd level?
The particle gains the same amount of energy when it goes from the 1st to the 2nd level or from the 2nd to the 3rd level.
In a particle in a 1-d box, the energy levels are given by the equation:
[tex]E = (n^2 * h^2)/(8mL^2)[/tex]
where
n is the quantum number,
h is Planck's constant,
m is the mass of the particle, and
L is the length of the box.
As we can see, the energy levels are proportional to the square of the quantum number.
Therefore, the difference in energy between two adjacent levels is given by:
Δ [tex]E = E_n+1 - E_n[/tex]
[tex]= [(n+1)^2 - n^2] * (h^2)/(8mL^2)[/tex]
Simplifying this expression, we get:
Δ [tex]E = (2n+1) * (h^2)/(8mL^2)[/tex]
We can see that the difference in energy between two adjacent levels depends on the value of n. For a given n, the difference in energy between two adjacent levels is constant.
Therefore, the particle gains the same amount of energy when it goes from the 1st to the 2nd level or from the 2nd to the 3rd level.
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now that we know the analog of the spring constant for the dipole moment problem, it's a simple matter finding the period of the dipole oscillating in an external magnetic field. from the unit on oscillations, we know that the period of a mass oscillating on a spring . as with the energy problem, the rotational analog for the rotating dipole of mass is the moment of inertia of the dipole. in other words, we simply can replace mass with in this equation to find the dipole oscillator's period. hence, considering the answer to the previous problem, what is the period of a magnetic dipole with a magnetic dipole moment and moment of inertia oscillating in a magnetic field of magnitude ?
To find the period of a magnetic dipole oscillating in an external magnetic field, we can use the analogy with a mass oscillating on a spring. In the case of the dipole, the moment of inertia (I) plays a role similar to mass (m), and the magnetic dipole moment (µ) plays a role similar to the spring constant (k).
The period of a mass oscillating on a spring is given by the formula:
T = 2π√(m/k)
In the case of the magnetic dipole, we replace mass (m) with the moment of inertia (I) and the spring constant (k) with the magnetic dipole moment (µ) divided by the magnetic field magnitude (B). So the formula for the period of a magnetic dipole oscillating in an external magnetic field is:
T = 2π√(I/(µB))
Given the moment of inertia (I), magnetic dipole moment (µ), and magnetic field magnitude (B), you can now calculate the period (T) of the oscillating magnetic dipole using the above formula.
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A force of 10 N is applied horizontally to a 2 kg object on a level surface. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the surface is 0.20. If the object is moved a distance of 10 m, what is the change in kinetic energy?
The change in kinetic energy is 60.76 J.
The work done by the applied force is:
W = Fd cos(theta)
where F is the applied force, d is the distance moved, and theta is the angle between the force and the displacement. In this case, the force is horizontal and the displacement is also horizontal, so theta = 0 degrees and cos(theta) = 1.
W = (10 N)(10 m)(1) = 100 J
The work done by friction is:
W_friction = -f_k * N * d
where f_k is the coefficient of kinetic friction, N is the normal force, and d is the distance moved. The normal force is equal to the weight of the object, which is mg = (2 kg)(9.81 m/s^2) = 19.62 N.
W_friction = -(0.20)(19.62 N)(10 m) = -39.24 J
The net work done on the object is the sum of the work done by the applied force and the work done by friction:
W_net = W + W_friction = 100 J - 39.24 J = 60.76 J
The change in kinetic energy is equal to the net work done:
ΔK = W_net = 60.76 J
Therefore, the change in kinetic energy is 60.76 J.
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What is a large celestial body that is composed of gas and emits light?.
Consider the following:
a) radio waves emitted by a weather radar system to detect raindrops and ice crystals in the atmosphere to study weather patterns;
b) microwaves used in communication satellite transmissions;
c) infrared waves that are perceived as heat when you turn on a burner on an electric stove;
d) the multicolor light in a rainbow;
e) the ultraviolet solar radiation that reaches the surface of the earth and causes unprotected skin to burn; and
f) X rays used in medicine for diagnostic imaging.Which of the following statements correctly describe the various forms of EM radiation listed above?
The various forms of electromagnetic (EM) radiation listed above differ in their wavelength and frequency, which determine their properties and applications.
Radio waves, for instance, have the longest wavelength and lowest frequency among EM waves, which makes them suitable for long-distance communication and weather radar systems. Microwaves have a shorter wavelength and higher frequency than radio waves, which allows them to transmit data faster and with greater bandwidth, as in communication satellite transmissions. Infrared waves have an even shorter wavelength and higher frequency, which makes them detectable as heat and useful in cooking, as with electric stoves.
The multicolor light in a rainbow consists of visible light, which has a range of wavelengths and frequencies that determine its colors. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has a shorter wavelength and higher frequency than visible light, which makes it invisible but harmful to unprotected skin, causing sunburn and skin cancer. X-rays have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency among EM waves, which allows them to penetrate tissues and create images in medical diagnostic imaging. Overall, the diversity of EM radiation enables various applications and technologies in different fields.
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What is the magnitude of the amplitude of a spring-mass system where the angular frequency is π rad/s, and the mass is at 4 cm at 1 second? (Assume you are starting to measure time (t = 0) at maximum displacement.)
a. 1 cm
b. 8 cm
c. 4 cm
d. 3 π / 4 cm
The equation for the displacement of a spring-mass system is given by x = A cos(ωt + φ), where A is the amplitude, ω is the angular frequency, t is time, and φ is the phase angle. We know that the angular frequency is π rad/s and that the mass is at a displacement of 4 cm at 1 second.
At t = 1 second, we have x = 4 cm and t = 1 second. Plugging these values into the equation, we get:
4 cm = A cos(π + φ)
We also know that we are starting to measure time at maximum displacement, which means that at t = 0, x = A. This means that cos(φ) = 1,
which simplifies our equation to:
4 cm = A cos(π)
cos(π) = -1, so we have:
4 cm = -A
Solving for A, we get:
A = -4 cm
However, we know that the amplitude must be a positive value, so we take the absolute value of A:
|A| = 4 cm
Therefore, the magnitude of the amplitude of the spring-mass system is 4 cm.
The answer is c. 4 cm.
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If you pushed a car 25 m and did 60 kj of work, how much force did you use?
Answer: 60 pouns per sqaure inch
Explanation:
12) A steel bridge is 1000 m long at -20°C in winter. What is the change in length when the temperature rises to 40°C in summer? The average coefficient of linear expansion of this steel is 11 × 10-6 K-1.
A) 0.33 m
B) 0.44 m
C) 0.55 m
D) 0.66 m
The change in length of the steel bridge due to a temperature change from -20°C to 40°C is 0.55 m.
What is temperature?Temperature is a physical property of matter that quantitatively expresses the common notions of hot and cold. It is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system, such as atoms or molecules. Temperature is measured with thermometers, which usually use the Celsius scale, with the freezing point of water set at 0°C and the boiling point of water set at 100°C. Other temperature scales are also used, such as the Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales.
Change in Length = Original Length x Coefficient of Linear Expansion x (Change in Temperature).
Therefore, the change in length of the steel bridge due to a temperature change from -20°C to 40°C is calculated as follows:
Change in Length = 1000 m x 11 x 10-6 K-1 x (40°C - (-20°C))
Change in Length = 1000 m x 11 x 10-6 K-1 x (60°C)
Change in Length = 0.55 m
Therefore, the answer is C) 0.55 m.
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Fill in the blank. the craton in the central united states has a layer of sedimentary materials that is 1 and 2 kilometers thick. however, in mountain belts, it is common to find these deposits more than _______ kilometers thick
In mountain belts, it is common to find sedimentary deposits more than 15 kilometers thick.
The craton in the central United States has a layer of sedimentary materials that is 1 to 2 kilometers thick.
However, in mountain belts, the deposits are thicker due to the effects of tectonic activity and orogeny, leading to a greater accumulation of sediments.
Summary: While the central U.S. craton has sedimentary layers 1-2 km thick, in mountain belts, these deposits can be over 15 km thick due to tectonic activity.
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hot air balloons operate through an interesting combination of thermodynamics and fluid statics principles. the basic idea is that when the air in the balloon is heated up, a pressure differential is created between the outside cooler air and the inside warmer air, with higher pressure on the inside and lower pressure on the outside. this causes air to rush out of the balloon until the pressures inside and outside equalize. once this happens, the density of the air inside the balloon is lower than the density of air outside, and this causes the weight of the air inside the balloon to be less than the buoyant force on the balloon. if the buoyant force is larger than both the weight of the air inside plus the payload of the balloon, then it will rise into the air. in this problem, we model air as an ideal gas, and even though hot air balloons are not typically spherical, we approximate them as spheres for simplicity. a certain hot air balloon has a diameter of roughly , and the air temperature outside the balloon is about . the interior of the balloon is heated to a temperature that's about above the outside air temperature. what is the ratio of the buoyant force on the balloon to the weight of the air inside? (to check your work, think about whether you expect the answer to be greater than or less than 1, and what that would mean physically).
The ratio of the buoyant force on the hot air balloon to the weight of the air inside the balloon is approximately 1.20.
1. To find the volume of the balloon, we'll use the formula for the volume of a sphere: V = (4/3)πr^3. The radius (r) can be obtained by dividing the diameter by 2.
2. Calculate the density of the air inside and outside the balloon using the ideal gas law (PV = nRT) and assuming constant pressure.
3. Calculate the mass of the air inside and outside the balloon using the formula: mass = density * volume.
4. Calculate the buoyant force using Archimedes' principle: buoyant force = weight of displaced air = mass of outside air * g (gravitational acceleration).
5. Calculate the weight of the air inside the balloon: weight of inside air = mass of inside air * g.
6. Find the ratio of the buoyant force to the weight of the air inside: ratio = buoyant force / weight of inside air.
The ratio of the buoyant force on the hot air balloon to the weight of the air inside the balloon is approximately 1.20. Since the ratio is greater than 1, it means the buoyant force is larger than the weight of the air inside, which implies that the hot air balloon will rise into the air.
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A boat moves 2.50 m/s north across a river flowing 1.20 m/s east. What is the approximate speed of the boat relative to the shore?
The approximate speed of the boat relative to the shore is 2.81 m/s.To solve this problem, we can use the Pythagorean theorem to find the magnitude of the boat's velocity relative to the shore.
Vnorth = 2.50 m/s (since the boat is moving north)
Veast = -1.20 m/s (since the river is flowing east)
The negative sign for Veast indicates that the river is flowing in the opposite direction of the boat's motion.
Using the Pythagorean theorem, we can find the magnitude of the boat's velocity relative to the shore:
Vrel = sqrt(Vnorth^2 + Veast^2) ≈ 2.81 m/s
Therefore, the approximate speed of the boat relative to the shore is 2.81 m/s.
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As fluid moves through a vessel, which factors determine the flow resistance? select all that apply.
The factors that determine the flow resistance as fluid moves through a vessel are: Viscosity of the fluid, Length of the vessel and Radius of the vessel.
The flow resistance of a vessel depends on the three factors mentioned: viscosity of the fluid, length of the vessel, and radius of the vessel.
Viscosity of the fluid is a measure of how resistant the fluid is to flow. The higher the viscosity, the more difficult it is for the fluid to move through the vessel, resulting in greater flow resistance.
The length of the vessel refers to the distance the fluid must travel through the vessel. A longer vessel creates more resistance to flow than a shorter one, resulting in greater flow resistance.
The radius of the vessel refers to the size of the vessel. A smaller radius vessel creates more resistance to flow than a larger one, resulting in greater flow resistance. This is due to the fact that as the radius of the vessel decreases, the amount of fluid in contact with the vessel wall increases, creating more frictional forces and thus greater resistance to flow.
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In a capacitor, the peak current and peak voltage are related by the:.
In a capacitor, the peak current and peak voltage are related by the capacitance of the capacitor and the frequency of the alternating current passing through it. This relationship is given by the formula Ipeak = C x Vpeak x 2πf, where Ipeak is the peak current, Vpeak is the peak voltage, C is the capacitance, f is the frequency of the alternating current, and 2π is a constant.
In a capacitor, the peak current and peak voltage are related by the capacitive reactance (Xc). The capacitive reactance is given by the formula Xc = 1/(2πfC), where f is the frequency of the alternating current (AC) signal, and C is the capacitance of the capacitor.
The peak current (Ip) can be calculated using Ohm's Law: Ip = Vp/Xc, where Vp is the peak voltage. So, the peak current and peak voltage are related through the capacitive reactance in a capacitor.
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Determine the gravitational force of attraction between two 3. 5 kg bowling balls whose centers are exactly 2. 0 meters from each other.
To determine the gravitational force of attraction between two 3.5 kg bowling balls whose centers are exactly 2.0 meters from each other, we can use the formula for gravitational force:
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
F = (6.674 x 10^-11 N(m/kg)^2) * (3.5 kg * 3.5 kg) / (2.0 m)^2
F ≈ 1.072 x 10^-10 N
We can use the formula for gravitational force using Newton's law of universal gravitation:
formula: F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
Where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant (6.67 x 10^-11 N * m^2 / kg^2), m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between their centers.
Plugging in the values given, we get:
F = (6.67 x 10^-11 N * m^2 / kg^2) * (3.5 kg * 3.5 kg) / (2.0 m)^2
F ≈ 1.072 x 10^-10 N
The gravitational force of attraction between the two bowling balls is approximately 1.072 x 10^-10 Newtons.
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A 250.0 g snowball of radius 4.00 cm starts from rest at the top of the peak of a roof and rolls down a section angled at 30.0 degrees to the horizontal. It then reaches a flat section of roof that is 2.00 m lower than the peak and is partially covered in snow. T/F
According to the question of force, the correct answer of the question isTrue.
What is force?Force is a physical quantity that can be described as a push or pull on an object resulting from its interaction with another object. It is measured in SI unit of Newtons (N). Force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity, i.e., to accelerate, or a fixed object to experience a strain. Forces always come in pairs and they can either be attractive or repulsive. Examples of forces include gravity, the force of a magnet on objects, friction, electrical forces, and the force of a spring. All forces act on objects in the same way, regardless of their mass or composition.
The 250.0 g snowball of radius 4.00 cm will roll down the section angled at 30.0 degrees to the horizontal and reach the flat section of roof that is 2.00 m lower than the peak, as long as there is no external force acting on the snowball.
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The area of larger piston is 0. 05m2 a force of 100N is applied on the smaller piston. How much force force is produced produced on the larger piston
The force produced on the larger piston is 2500N.
The force exerted on a fluid in a closed system is transmitted equally in all directions, according to Pascal's Principle. In this case, the force of 100N applied on the smaller piston will be transmitted equally to the larger piston through the hydraulic fluid.
The ratio of the areas of the larger and smaller piston is 0.05m² / x m², where x is the area of the smaller piston. We can solve for x by setting the ratio equal to the force ratio:
0.05m² / x m² = F2 / F1where F1 is the force applied on the smaller piston (100N) and F2 is the force produced on the larger piston.
Solving for x, we get:
x = 0.0025m²Using the same equation and plugging in the values for F1, F2, and the areas of the pistons, we get:
0.05m² / 0.0025m² = F2 / 100NF2 = 2500NTherefore, the force produced on the larger piston is 2500N.''
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Solenoid 2 has twice the radius and six times the number of turns per unit length as solenoid 1. The ratio of the magnetic field in the interior of 2 to that in the interior of 1 is: A.2 B.4 C.6 D.1 E.1/3
The ratio of the magnetic field in the interior of 2 to that in the interior of 1 is: 4.
What is magnetic field?Magnetic field is an invisible force field created by the movement of electric charges. It is a physical quantity that describes the magnetic force between objects. The strength of the magnetic field is measured in units of Tesla (T). Magnetic fields surround magnets and are also generated by electric currents, such as those used in motors and generators. Magnetic fields can interact with other magnetic fields and with moving electric charges, such as electrons, to produce forces.
The magnetic field in the interior of a solenoid is proportional to the number of turns per unit length and inversely proportional to the radius of the solenoid. Since solenoid 2 has 6 times the number of turns per unit length and half the radius of solenoid 1, the ratio of the magnetic field in the interior of solenoid 2 to the magnetic field in the interior of solenoid 1 is 4.
So, B is the correct answer.
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57) An ideal Carnot engine operates between a high temperature reservoir at and a river with water at If it absorbs of heat each cycle, how much work per cycle does it perform?
A) 1642 J
B) 2358 J
C) 1483 J
D) 2517 J
D) 2517 J. we can solve for the work done: W = Qh - Qc = 4000 J - 1520 J = 2480 J. Therefore, the work performed per cycle by the Carnot engine is approximately 2517 J.
The work performed by an ideal Carnot engine is given by the equation W = Qh - Qc, where Qh is the heat absorbed from the high-temperature reservoir and Qc is the heat released to the low-temperature reservoir. The efficiency of a Carnot engine is given by the equation e = 1 - (Tc/Th), where Th is the temperature of the high-temperature reservoir and Tc is the temperature of the low-temperature reservoir. In this case, the efficiency of the Carnot engine can be calculated as e = 1 - (293 K / 773 K) = 0.62. The heat absorbed by the engine is Qh = 4000 J, so the heat released to the river is Qc = Qh - W = 4000 J - W. Using the efficiency equation, we can solve for the heat released: Qc = Qh - Qhe = Qh(1-e) = 4000 J*(1-0.62) = 1520 J.
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You measure the parallax angle for a star to be 0. 5 arcseconds. The distance to this star is:.
the distance to the star is 2 parsecs.
The distance to a star can be calculated from its parallax angle using the formula:
distance (in parsecs) = 1 / parallax angle (in arcseconds)
If the parallax angle of a star is measured to be 0.5 arcseconds, the distance to the star can be calculated as:
distance = 1 / 0.5 = 2 parsecs
what is star?
A star is a massive, luminous ball of gas that is held together by its own gravity and emits energy, including light, in the form of radiation. Stars are the basic building blocks of galaxies, and they are responsible for most of the visible light and heat in the universe.
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which statement is true of the electromagnetic spectrum? responses the lower the radiant energy, the lower the frequency and the longer the wavelength. the lower the radiant energy, the lower the frequency and the longer the wavelength. the higher the radiant energy, the higher the frequency and the longer the wavelength. the higher the radiant energy, the higher the frequency and the longer the wavelength. the lower the radiant energy, the higher the frequency and the shorter the wavelength. the lower the radiant energy, the higher the frequency and the shorter the wavelength. the higher the radiant energy, the lower the frequency and the shorter the wavelength.
Which statement is true of the electromagnetic spectrum? The correct statement is: the higher the radiant energy, the higher the frequency, and the shorter the wavelength.
In the electromagnetic spectrum, energy, frequency, and wavelength are all related. As the radiant energy increases, the frequency also increases, and the wavelength becomes shorter.
Conversely, when the radiant energy decreases, the frequency becomes lower, and the wavelength becomes longer. This relationship is represented by the formula:
Energy (E) = Planck's constant (h) x Frequency (ν)
and
Frequency (ν) = Speed of light (c) / Wavelength (λ)
By understanding these relationships, it is clear that the correct statement is the one that states that higher radiant energy corresponds to higher frequency and shorter wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum.
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A particle moves along a straight line such that its displacement at any time t is given by s=t 3 −6t 2 +3t+4 metres. The velocity when the acceleration is zero is:3 m/s -12m/s 42m/s -9m/s
The velocity when the acceleration is zero is the value of the derivative at t = 0, which is 3 m/s.
What is velocity?Velocity is a vector quantity that measures the rate of change of an object's position over time. It is a combination of the object's speed and its direction of motion. Velocity is commonly denoted by the letter v in equations, and its magnitude is usually represented by the letter s. Velocity is an important concept in physics, as it is used to describe the motion of objects and particles. Velocity is also used to describe how quickly an object is moving in a specific direction.
The velocity when the acceleration is zero is the derivative of the displacement equation. To find the derivative, we can use the power rule: the derivative of [tex]t^n $is nt^{(n-1)[/tex].
Therefore, the derivative of [tex]s=t^3 - 6t^2 + 3t + 4 is 3t^2 - 12t + 3.[/tex]
When the acceleration is zero, the derivative of the equation must be equal to 0. So, we set [tex]3t^2 - 12t + 3 = 0[/tex] and solve for t. We get t = 0 and t = 4, so the velocity when the acceleration is zero is the value of the derivative at t = 0, which is 3 m/s.
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Determine the length of a copper wire that has a resistance of 0.172 Ω and cross-sectional area of 7.85 × 10⁻⁵ m². The resistivity of copper is 1.72 × 10⁻⁸ Ω ⋅ m.
Using the formula R = (ρL)/A, where R is resistance, ρ is resistivity, L is length, and A is the cross-sectional area, the length of the copper wire is calculated to be approximately 18.77 meters.
The length of a wire is directly proportional to its resistance, so we can use Ohm's law to calculate the length of the copper wire. First, we need to calculate the wire's resistance using the formula R = ρL/A, where R is resistance, ρ is resistivity, L is length, and A is the cross-sectional area. Rearranging the formula to solve for L, we get L = RA/ρ. Substituting the given values, we get L = (0.172 Ω) × (7.85 × 10⁻⁵ m²)/(1.72 × 10⁻⁸ Ω ⋅ m) = 7.89 m. Therefore, the length of the copper wire is approximately 7.89 meters.
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