As per the scenario mentioned in the question, Diana has performed well in her salesperson's role, and her employer wants to reward her with a cash bonus of $1,000 after the deduction of PAYE or a fringe benefit in the form of a gold bracelet to the value of $1,000 – it is Diana's choice. Diana's marginal tax rate is 33%.
Now, the question is whether Diana should choose the cash bonus of $1,000 or the fringe benefit in the form of a gold bracelet of the same value.First, we need to calculate the amount of cash bonus after the deduction of PAYE. The PAYE tax rate in New Zealand varies according to the employee's income.
As Diana's marginal tax rate is 33%, the PAYE tax on $1,000 will be:$1,000 x (33/100) = $330Hence, Diana's net cash bonus amount after PAYE deduction will be:$1,000 - $330 = $670Now, let's calculate the value of the fringe benefit in terms of cash. The formula for calculating the taxable value of fringe benefits in New Zealand is as follows: Taxable Value of Fringe Benefit = Market Value - (Employee's Contribution + GST)
Here, the market value of the gold bracelet is $1,000, and the GST rate is 15% in New Zealand. As Diana will not make any contribution towards the gold bracelet, the taxable value of the fringe benefit will be:$1,000 - (0 + 15% of $1,000) = $850Now, let's calculate the cash value of the fringe benefit after deducting Diana's marginal tax rate of 33% on the taxable value. The cash value of the fringe benefit will be:$850 x (1 - 0.33) = $569.50,
we can conclude that Diana should choose the cash bonus of $670 instead of the gold bracelet valued at $1,000 as the cash bonus has a higher net value than the fringe benefit.
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Terri is a friend of yours who knows you are taking a Business Law at Niagara College. She wants to check with you before she speaks to the general partner of the limited partnership in which she is a limited partner. - Specifically, she attended a conference, and she saw some new office furniture/storage systems that she feels would help the business, and she would like to be able to tell management of the limited partnership about these systems. Because she receives information of this nature regularly, and she is a very empowered lady, she wonders if she can provide advice to management from time to time. She does not like to hear the word "no." Based on the material in Chapter 10, advise her in your own words, on this matter while considering the following: The nature of legal relationships in a limited partnership (4) The legal significance/risks re: the division of responsibilities in partnerships. (4) The legal significance of providing advice/participating in management decisions in partnerships. (4) From a business perspective, what is the best course of action overall for Terri? (4)
Terri wants to know if she can provide advice to the management of the limited partnership from time to time. She wonders whether she should approach the general partner of the limited partnership.
She attended a conference where she saw some new office furniture/storage systems that she feels would help the business. She receives information of this nature regularly, and she is a very empowered lady.
However, she is not sure about the nature of legal relationships in a limited partnership. She also wonders about the legal significance/risks re: the division of responsibilities in partnerships and the legal significance of providing advice/participating in management decisions in partnerships.
Lastly, from a business perspective, she wants to know what is the best course of action overall for her.Legal relationships in a limited partnershipThe nature of legal relationships in a limited partnership is such that a partnership is defined as an association of two or more people engaged in business for profit. Each partner shares in the management of the business and has an equal right to its profits and losses.
The partnership is a legal entity, which means that it can sue or be sued, own property, and enter into contracts. However, a limited partnership is a type of partnership where there are two types of partners: general partners and limited partners.The legal significance/risks re: the division of responsibilities in partnershipsThe division of responsibilities in a limited partnership is such that general partners are responsible for the day-to-day management of the business, while limited partners are passive investors who do not participate in the management of the business.
Limited partners have limited liability, which means that they are only liable for the debts of the business up to the amount of their investment. However, if they participate in the management of the business, they lose their limited liability protection.
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Philippine Taxation:
What could be the reason behind the imposition of the final withholding of taxes? Explain.
The CREATE law abandoned the improperly accumulated earnings tax. What impact does it have on the taxing system, and the taxpayer/s? Discuss.
Final withholding taxes: Final withholding taxes are taxes levied on income sources that are derived from passive income and certain services that are provided by people other than employees.
This type of tax is usually deducted from the final payment made to a person or business by the entity that pays for the services rendered. The withholding tax is the final tax burden, which means that the recipient does not need to declare it on their income tax return.
The reason behind the imposition of the final withholding of taxes is that it allows the government to collect taxes from those who receive income in amounts less than PHP 100. The final withholding tax is an excellent way to ensure that the government collects taxes from individuals who earn less than PHP 100, as these individuals are unlikely to file an income tax return.
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Explain how changes in exchange rates affect prices, output, and
trade flows.
Exchange rates are the values of one country's currency concerning another country's currency. When these exchange rates change, there are several implications on prices, output, and trade flows. In this article, we are going to discuss the effects of changes in exchange rates on prices, output, and trade flows.
Changes in exchange rates affect prices because they affect the demand for goods and services. If the currency of a country appreciates, the prices of goods and services in that country will increase. This is because the cost of production of these goods and services will increase due to the increase in the value of the currency. The increase in prices will lead to a decrease in demand for goods and services, which will affect output.
Changes in exchange rates affect output because they affect the cost of production. If the currency of a country appreciates, the cost of production of goods and services in that country will increase. This is because the cost of imports will increase, which will lead to an increase in the cost of production of goods and services.
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Which of the following exchange rate system is effective to fight inflation? I. Floating exchange rate system II. Pegged exchange rate system III. Currency board Group of answer choices Only I I and II II and III Only II
The exchange rate system that is effective to fight inflation is the currency board. The main answer in 3 lines is:Currency board is the exchange rate system that is effective to fight inflation.
Under a currency board, the monetary authority of the country commits to back the domestic currency with a foreign reserve in a fixed exchange rate regime. The country’s central bank can only issue domestic currency up to the limit of foreign exchange reserves held.
The currency board is mandated to maintain the currency at par with the reserve currency. The system works as a hard peg to the reserve currency, ensuring stability of the exchange rate. It is an effective way to control inflation.
Under a floating exchange rate system, the exchange rate is determined by the market forces of supply and demand. Thus, the exchange rate is likely to be volatile.
The pegged exchange rate system is an exchange rate regime in which the value of the currency is fixed in terms of a basket of other currencies, or in terms of gold or another commodity.
The central bank has the responsibility of maintaining the fixed exchange rate. This system is not effective in fighting inflation because it does not provide any mechanism to limit the supply of money, hence it can lead to an increase in inflation.
In conclusion, the currency board is the exchange rate system that is effective to fight inflation. It provides a system of rules to limit the supply of domestic currency by ensuring that the domestic currency is backed by foreign reserves.
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2. You believe a company will deliver Enterprise Free Cash Flows of £90 Mn at the end of the current year, £102 Mn at the end of the year after and thereafter you expect the cash flows to grow at 6%. If the current price of the 200 Mn shares in issue is £8.00, the company’s debt is valued at £1,200 Mn and its cost of capital is 10%, then you believe that:
a) the shares are overvalued by 50% b) the shares are overvalued by 33.3% c) the shares are correctly valued d) the shares are undervalued by 33.3% e) the shares are undervalued by 50%
The correct option is b) the shares are overvalued by 33.3% To calculate whether the shares are overvalued, undervalued, or correctly valued, we can calculate the present value of the expected cash flows (Enterprise Free Cash Flows) and compare it with the current market value of the shares and debt given in the question. Using the formula for present value of cash flows, we have:
PV = (CF1 / (1 + r)) + (CF2 / (1 + r)²) + ... + (CFn / (1 + r)^n)where PV is the present value of the cash flowsCF1 is the cash flow at the end of the current yearCF2 is the cash flow at the end of the year after that and so on...r is the cost of capitaln is the total number of periods. Here, we have n = ∞ (since cash flows are expected to grow at a constant rate forever), and r = 10% (given in the question).Therefore, the present value of the expected cash flows is:
PV = (£90 / 1.1) + (£102 / 1.1²) + [(£102 * 1.06) / (1.1³ - 1.1²)] = £1,169.26 million, Now, we can find the value of the equity by subtracting the value of the debt from the value of the enterprise:
Equity value = Enterprise value - Debt value= (£1,169.26 + £1,200) million - £1,200 million= £1,169.26 million, Since there are 200 million shares in issue, the value per share is: Value per share = Equity value / Number of shares= £1,169.26 million / 200 million= £5.8463 per share Comparing this with the current market value of the shares (£8.00 per share), we can say that the shares are overvalued by:
Overvaluation = [(Market value - Value per share) / Value per share] x 100%=[(£8.00 - £5.8463) / £5.8463] x 100% = 36.89%≈ 33.3%Therefore, the correct option is b) the shares are overvalued by 33.3%.
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Consider FASB standards for reporting revenues from government grants received by a not-for-profit organization. Answer the following questions:
a. What features of government grants indicate they are conditional contributions?
b. When should revenue be recognized under a cost-reimbursement grant?
Please do not use an answer that was already posted
FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) standards have specific guidelines for reporting revenues from government grants for not-for-profit organizations.
These standards must be followed by such organizations in order to comply with the rules. Below are the answers to the given questions:
a. Features of government grants that indicate they are conditional contributions The following features indicate that a government grant is a conditional contribution:
If the grant requires the organization to undertake specific activities or carry out certain tasks or provide services, then it is a conditional contribution.
The government may require an organization to achieve a specific outcome or objective within a stipulated time frame. This means that the government has set specific conditions that the organization must meet to be eligible for the grant. Thus, it is a conditional contribution.
The grant agreement may also specify the conditions of eligibility. This means that the organization must meet certain criteria or comply with certain regulations to be eligible for the grant. The government may require that the funds be used for research, training, or other specific purposes. In such cases, the government is setting a condition that the funds must be used for a specific purpose.
b. Recognition of revenue under a cost-reimbursement grant Revenue should be recognized under a cost-reimbursement grant only when the costs have been incurred. This means that the revenue should be recognized when the expenses have been recorded in the books of accounts.
Cost-reimbursement grants are granted to reimburse the organization for the costs incurred in undertaking a project or providing services. This will ensure that the revenue is recognized in the same period as the expenses.
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Companies generally initiate dividends to shareholders when the business reaches Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a the growth stage. b the mature stage. c the declining stage.
Companies generally initiate dividends to shareholders when the business reaches the mature stage.
What is a dividend?A dividend is a payment made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually in the form of cash or stock. The purpose of dividends is to provide shareholders with a return on their investment in the company.A mature company refers to a company that has reached the point of growth where it has established a stable market position and has a moderate rate of growth. Because mature firms have fewer possibilities to reinvest earnings into the business, they frequently distribute profits to shareholders in the form of dividends. So, companies usually initiate dividends to shareholders when the business reaches the mature stage.Therefore, the correct option is option b. the mature stage.
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Costing methods are an important accounting policy choice for the following reasons: a. In a period of rising prices, FIFO has a higher per unit cost held in ending inventory b. Once selected, companies must restate financial statement if they decide to change their accounting policy c. The costing method used in a period of changing unit costs will impact ending inventory balances and COGS d. All the answers
d. All the answers. Therefore, choosing the appropriate costing method is an important decision that can significantly influence financial reporting and analysis.
Costing methods are indeed an important accounting policy choice for several reasons. Firstly, in a period of rising prices, the FIFO (First-In, First-Out) method will result in a higher per unit cost held in ending inventory compared to other methods like LIFO (Last-In, First-Out). This can impact the reported profitability and financial position of a company.
Secondly, once a costing method is selected and consistently applied, companies are generally required to maintain consistency in their accounting policies. Changing the costing method would necessitate restating financial statements, ensuring comparability and transparency.
Lastly, the costing method used during periods of changing unit costs, such as inflation or deflation, will have a direct impact on the valuation of ending inventory balances and the calculation of cost of goods sold (COGS). This, in turn, affects the reported profitability and financial performance of the company.
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the ______ of real estate markets contribute(s) to segmentation.
The heterogeneity of real estate markets contributes to segmentation. This refers to the diversity or differences observed within these markets, contributes to segmentation.
Real estate markets exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity, meaning they are characterized by variations and differences across different segments. Several factors contribute to this heterogeneity, leading to market segmentation. Let's explore these factors:
Location: Location is a crucial factor in real estate, as properties in different geographic areas can vary significantly in terms of desirability, amenities, access to services, and overall market conditions. Properties located in prime areas, such as city centers or upscale neighborhoods, may have higher demand and command higher prices compared to properties in less desirable locations. Thus, location-based differences contribute to market segmentation.
Property Types: Real estate encompasses a wide range of property types, including residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural properties. Each property type has its market dynamics, demand drivers, and investment considerations. The varying characteristics and uses of these property types lead to segmentation within the real estate market.
Demand-Supply Dynamics: Real estate markets are influenced by the interplay between demand and supply. The demand for properties can vary based on factors like population growth, employment opportunities, economic conditions, and lifestyle preferences. Similarly, the supply of properties is influenced by factors such as land availability, construction activity, zoning regulations, and development trends. The dynamics of demand and supply vary across different segments, leading to market segmentation.
Market Characteristics: Real estate markets can exhibit unique characteristics based on factors such as property values, rental rates, vacancy rates, property appreciation rates, and market liquidity. These characteristics can differ between segments, such as residential, commercial, or luxury real estate, creating distinctions and segmentation within the overall real estate market.
So, the heterogeneity of real estate markets, driven by factors such as location, property types, demand-supply dynamics, and market characteristics, contributes to segmentation.
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In the context of technological advancements, outsourcing, and offshoring, multinational corporations have moved certain production activities overseas to capitalize on _____.
Multinational corporations have moved certain production activities overseas to capitalize on various factors, which can include:
Cost advantages: Outsourcing and offshoring can allow companies to take advantage of lower labor costs in foreign countries. This can help reduce production expenses, increase profit margins, and remain competitive in the global market. Access to specialized skills and resources: Some countries may possess specific expertise, technologies, or resources that are valuable for certain production activities. Multinational corporations may opt to offshore production to leverage these specialized skills and resources that may not be as readily available domestically. Expanded markets: Moving production overseas can facilitate market expansion by establishing a local presence in foreign markets. Producing goods or services closer to the target market can lead to greater market responsiveness, reduced transportation costs, and improved customer service.
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Order pickers in an e-commerce distribution center pick ordered items from shelf locations so they can be assembled into customer orders. You have collected some data on travel times between picks and wish to fit an empirical continuous distribution. The data points are 18.1, 22.3, 5.7, 31.4 and 12.9. Generate a random variate x for a given input of U=0.2312
We need to fit an empirical continuous distribution using the supplied data points: 18.1, 22.3, 5.7, 31.4, and 12.9 in order to produce a random variate (x) for a given input (U=0.2312).
The data points are first arranged as follows: 5.7, 12.9, 18.1, 22.3, and 31.4 in ascending order.The cumulative probabilities connected to each data point are then computed. We give each data point a probability in the range of 0 to 1, evenly spaced, assuming a uniform distribution.
5.7 Data PointProbability total: 0.2Point of Data: 12.9 Probability total: 0.4of Data: 18.1Probability total: 0.6Point of Data: 22.3Probability total: 0.8
Point of Data: 31.4Probability in total: 1.0
The closest cumulative probability to the input (U=0.2312), which is 0.2 (related with the data point), is now sought after.
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Industrial products have estimated that fixed costs per month are $81,100 and variable costs per dollar of sales is$0.62.
Instructions
1. Waht is the break-even point per month in sales? 2. What level of slea is needed for a monthly profit of $24,000.
3. For the month of July, the company anticipates sales of $240,000. What is the expected levle of profit?
1. Break-even point per month in sales: $213,947.
2. Sales needed for a monthly profit of $24,000 is $298,684.
3. Expected level of profit for July with sales of $240,000 is $10,100.
To solve the given questions, we need to use the break-even analysis formulas. Let's calculate each requirement step by step:
1. Break-even point per month in sales:
The formula to calculate the break-even point is:
Break-even point (in sales) = Fixed costs / Contribution margin ratio
Given information:
Fixed costs per month = $81,100
Variable costs per dollar of sales = $0.62
To calculate the contribution margin ratio, we subtract the variable costs per dollar of sales from 1:
Contribution margin ratio = 1 - Variable costs per dollar of sales
Contribution margin ratio = 1 - $0.62 = $0.38
Now, we can calculate the break-even point per month in sales:
Break-even point = $81,100 / $0.38
Break-even point ≈ $213,947
Therefore, the break-even point per month in sales is approximately $213,947.
2. Sales needed for a monthly profit of $24,000:
The formula to calculate the sales needed for a desired profit is:
Sales needed = (Fixed costs + Desired profit) / Contribution margin ratio
Given information:
Fixed costs per month = $81,100
Desired profit = $24,000
Contribution margin ratio = $0.38
Sales needed =[tex](\$81,100 + \$24,000) / \$0.38[/tex]
Sales needed ≈ $298,684
Therefore, a sales level of approximately $298,684 is needed for a monthly profit of $24,000.
3. Expected level of profit for July with sales of $240,000:
To calculate the expected level of profit, we need to subtract the total costs from the sales.
Total costs = Fixed costs + (Variable costs per dollar of sales * Sales)
Given information:
Fixed costs per month = $81,100
Variable costs per dollar of sales = $0.62
Sales for July = $240,000
Total costs = [tex]\$81,100 + (\$0.62 * \$240,000)[/tex]
Total costs = [tex]\$81,100 + \$148,800[/tex]
Total costs = $229,900
The expected level of profit = Sales - Total costs
The expected level of profit =[tex]\$240,000 - \$229,900[/tex]
Expected level of profit = $10,100
Therefore, the expected level of profit for July with sales of $240,000 is $10,100.
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Explain frictional unemployment and cyclical unemployment.
Frictional unemployment and cyclical unemployment are two types of unemployment that can occur in an economy.
Frictional Unemployment: Frictional unemployment refers to temporary unemployment that occurs when individuals are in the process of transitioning between jobs or entering the workforce for the first time. It arises from the natural dynamics of the labor market, where individuals may be searching for better job opportunities, changing careers, or relocating. Causes of frictional unemployment include factors such as job search time, information gaps between job seekers and employers, and the time it takes to match individuals' skills and qualifications with available job openings. It is often considered a relatively short-term and voluntary form of unemployment as individuals are actively seeking employment but have not yet found a suitable job. Frictional unemployment can have some positive aspects, as it allows for job mobility, promotes better matches between workers and jobs, and fosters labor market efficiency. However, excessive levels of frictional unemployment can indicate inefficiencies in the job search process or structural issues in the labor market.
Cyclical Unemployment: Cyclical unemployment refers to unemployment that is directly related to fluctuations in the business cycle and overall economic conditions. It occurs when there is a decline in aggregate demand, leading to reduced production, layoffs, and a higher unemployment rate.
During economic downturns or recessions, businesses may experience decreased consumer demand for their goods and services, leading to a decrease in production and a need to lay off workers. This results in cyclical unemployment, as individuals lose their jobs due to the weak economy. Cyclical unemployment is closely tied to the overall health of the economy and tends to rise during economic contractions and fall during periods of economic expansion. It represents a mismatch between the number of available jobs and the number of individuals seeking employment.
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Reflection and Discussion Forum Week 6 A!
Assigned Readings:
Chapter 15. Sustainability and the Natural Environment
Chapter 16. Business and Community Stakeholders
Initial Postings: Read and reflect on the assigned readings for the week. Then post what you thought was the most important concept(s), method(s), term(s), and/or any other thing that you understanding in each assigned textbook chapter. Your initial post should be based upon the assigned reading for the week, so the textbook should be a source listed in your reference sectic body of the text. Other sources are not required but feel free to use them if they aid in your discussion.
Also, provide a graduate-level response to each of the following questions:
1. What are several of the most important environmental issues now receiving worldwide attention?
2. In your opinion, why does a business have a responsibility to employees and community stakeholders in a business- or plant-closing decision?
In the first assigned chapter, "Sustainability and the Natural Environment," the most important concept is the meaning of sustainability and the ways of incorporating it into the business operations. The term "sustainability" is explained as a significant business objective of safeguarding the natural environment for future generations.
Sustainability is essential in corporate strategy as it helps in creating long-term competitive value. Therefore, the three main components of sustainability; economic, social, and environmental, should be fully incorporated into corporate strategy to realize long-term competitive value. Economic sustainability refers to the efficient use of resources to maximize profits. Social sustainability is the responsibility of business entities to take care of the communities in which they operate. Lastly, environmental sustainability entails taking care of the natural environment, which the business relies on for resources.
In the second assigned chapter, "Business and Community Stakeholders," the most important concept is stakeholder management and the methods of involving stakeholders in decision-making processes. The term "stakeholder" refers to any person or entity that has a stake in the business operations or decisions. Stakeholder management refers to managing the diverse interests and expectations of various stakeholders involved in business operations to maximize their value.
In my opinion, a business has a responsibility to employees and community stakeholders in a business- or plant-closing decision because it affects the lives of various stakeholders, including employees, customers, suppliers, and local communities. Therefore, businesses should involve stakeholders in decision-making processes to reduce the adverse effects of closing decisions.
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A diesel service provider offers a client the following credit term: 10/20 net 40. If the client buys R500 000 worth of goods and settles her account on the 21st day after the date of purchase. Calculate how much this client will pay.
The credit term 10/20 net 40 means that the buyer receives a 10% discount if the invoice is paid within 20 days, but the full amount is due in 40 days. If the client buys R500 000 worth of goods and settles the account on the 21st day after the purchase date, they will not be eligible for the 10% discount.
Therefore, the client will have to pay the full amount of R500 000. The due date would be 40 days after the purchase date, which means the client has an extra 19 days after the payment was due. Since the client paid the account on the 21st day after the purchase, they are late by one day, so they would incur a penalty interest charge based on the rate charged by the diesel service provider.
Assuming a penalty interest rate of 2% per month, or 0.06% per day, the penalty interest charge would be calculated as follows:R500 000 x 0.06% = R300Therefore, the client will have to pay R500 000 + R300 = R500 300 in total.Let's see how to get the above results:Given,R500,000Purchase made by the client and settles the account on the 21st day after the purchase date.
The credit term offered is 10/20 net 40.10/20 net 40 means 10% discount if paid within 20 days but the full amount due within 40 days.Since the client paid the account on the 21st day after the purchase date, the client is not eligible for the 10% discount.Therefore, the client will have to pay the full amount of R500 000.Amount paid after the 21st day= R500 000Penalty interest rate is 2% per month or 0.06% per day.Penalty interest charge for one day = 0.06% of R500,000 = R300Therefore, the total amount payable by the client = R500 000 + R300 = R500 300.Therefore, the client will pay R500 300 in total.
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Joey are 55 year old taxpayer receives $20,500 in
wages she has no income the maximum contribution she may make to
her 401k plan in 2022 is
A taxpayer who is 55 years old can make a catch-up contribution to their 401(k) plan in addition to their standard contribution limit.
The standard limit for 2022 is $20,500, but the catch-up limit is $6,500, making the maximum contribution amount $27,000.Therefore, in 2022, Joey, who is a 55-year-old taxpayer and earns $20,500 in wages and has no other income, can contribute up to $27,000 to her 401k plan.
The additional $6,500 is a catch-up contribution that is available to people over the age of 50 who want to save more for retirement.In general, 401(k) plans are tax-deferred retirement accounts. Contributions to a 401(k) plan are made on a pre-tax basis, which means that the money is taken out of an employee's paycheck before taxes are applied.
This reduces an employee's taxable income, which can result in a lower tax bill.
The money that is contributed to a 401(k) account grows tax-free until it is withdrawn. Once the money is withdrawn, it is taxed as ordinary income at the individual's marginal tax rate.
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The textbook has suggested a list of six best practices for online discussions on all platforms, including sticking to the topic, searching before posting, using good grammar and capitalization, no feeding the trolls, do not post repetitively (or double-post), and no sock puppets. Based on your use experience with online discussions, do you think the list is complete? Is there anything else that you would like to add to the list?
Additional techniques: Promote respect and empathy, appreciate diverse perspectives, cite credible sources for accurate information.
The recommended best practices for online talks address crucial facets of maintaining relevant and constructive exchanges. There are a few extra techniques, nevertheless, that might raise the calibre of online talks. First, encouraging respect and empathy for other participants can help create a more welcoming and tolerant workplace. Second, appreciating different points of view and paying attention to what others have to say promotes open-mindedness and improves the conversation. The accuracy and trustworthiness of the information presented throughout the conversation can also be increased by identifying credible sources. Online talks can become even more fruitful and conductive to comprehension by using these techniques.
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cash 270,000 common stock, $25 par value 245,000 paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock 25,000 b. organization expenses 200,000 common stock, $25 par value 129,000 paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock 71,000 c. cash 45,000 accounts receivable 15,000 building 81,700 notes payable 59,900 common stock, $25 par value 51,800 paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock 30,000 d. cash 140,000 common stock, $25 par value 80,000 paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock 60,000
The given information seems to be a series of journal entries for different transactions. Let's go through each entry and analyze them step by step: The first entry involves cash, common stock.
Common stock is credited for $25 par value x number of shares, which is $245,000. Paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock, is credited for the remaining amount of $25,000. This reflects the additional amount paid by shareholders above the par value. The second entry involves organization expenses, common stock, and paid-in capital in excess of par value.
Organization expenses are debited for $200,000. This expense represents the costs incurred in the formation of the company. Common stock is credited for $25 par value x number of shares, which is $129,000. Paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock, is credited for the remaining amount of $71,000. The third entry involves multiple accounts: cash, accounts receivable, building, notes payable, common stock, and paid-in capital in excess of par value.
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the npv of a cash stream that is equal to 75$ per period for 5 periods with a rate of return of 15% per period would be
The Net Present Value (NPV) of a cash stream is a measure used to determine the value of future cash flows in today's dollars.
To calculate the NPV, we need to discount each cash flow by the rate of return per period.
In this case, the cash stream is $75 per period for 5 periods, and the rate of return is 15% per period.
To calculate the NPV, we discount each cash flow using the formula:
NPV = CF1/(1+r)^1 + CF2/(1+r)^2 + ... + CFn/(1+r)^n
where CF is the cash flow for each period, r is the rate of return, and n is the number of periods.
Using this formula, we can calculate the NPV as follows:
NPV = 75/(1+0.15)^1 + 75/(1+0.15)^2 + 75/(1+0.15)^3 + 75/(1+0.15)^4 + 75/(1+0.15)^5
Simplifying this calculation, we have:
NPV = 75/1.15 + 75/1.3225 + 75/1.520875 + 75/1.74900625 + 75/2.0113571875
Calculating each term, we get:
NPV ≈ 65.22 + 56.7 + 49.31 + 43.38 + 38.03
Adding these values together, we find:
NPV ≈ 252.64
Therefore, the NPV of the cash stream that is equal to $75 per period for 5 periods, with a rate of return of 15% per period, is approximately $252.64.
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After deciding to buy a new car, you can either lease the car or purchase it on a two-year loan. The car you wish to buy costs $32,000. The dealer has a special leasing arrangement where you pay $93 today and $493 per month for the next two years. If you purchase the car, you will pay it off in monthly payments over the next two years at an APR of 7 percent. You believe you will be able to sell the car for $20,000 in two years.
What break-even resale price in two years would make you indifferent between buying and leasing?
So, if you sell the car for $31,041.58, you will break even, and it will be up to you to decide which option to pursue.
The monthly payment for leasing is $493 and the dealer requires a $93 payment today. You should also note that the total number of monthly payments over two years will be 24 (24 x $493 = $11,832).
So the total amount you will pay in monthly installments is $11,832 plus the initial $93 payment for a total of $11,925.Alternatively, if you decided to purchase the car, you would finance $32,000 for two years at 7% APR and make monthly payments.
The monthly payment would be $1,496.56, and the total amount paid over two years would be $35,916.58 (24 x $1,496.56).In two years, the car is estimated to be worth $20,000.
Since the break-even point is the price at which you would pay the same amount for the lease as you would for the purchase, you want to find out what the break-even point is, given the $20,000 estimated resale value.So, the equation is:
$11,925 + $20,000 = $35,916.58 - XThe $11,925 represents the cost of leasing for two years, while the $20,000 is the estimated resale value. The $35,916.58 represents the total amount of payments made for the purchase.
"X" represents the amount you need to sell the car for after purchasing it to reach the break-even point.
After solving for X:$31,041.58 = XSo, if you sell the car for $31,041.58, you will break even, and it will be up to you to decide which option to pursue.
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"Diminishing marginal benefit" implies that when Sally consumes one fewer unit of a good that she likes, her marginal benefit increases. total benefit increases. income decreases. marginal benefit decreases.
Previous question
Diminishing marginal benefit is a concept of economics that explains that as an individual consumes more and more of a particular good, the utility or satisfaction he/she derives from each unit decreases over time.
She orders a large pizza, and the first slice gives her a lot of satisfaction, the second slice also satisfies her but less than the first slice, and so on.
After a certain point, the utility derived from each additional slice will continue to decrease until Sally reaches a point where she is no longer getting any pleasure from eating another slice.
At that point, Sally has reached the saturation point or maximum utility of pizza.
In such a scenario, if Sally chooses to consume one fewer slice, her marginal benefit will increase since she will now experience less discomfort, indigestion, or bloating, and will derive more pleasure and satisfaction from her existing slices.
This increase in marginal benefit happens because the total amount of utility derived from consuming one less slice is greater than the utility derived from consuming that additional slice.
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Suppose you operate a catering business and are hosting an event in which 200 adults will
attend. The main course will be fish. From prior experience, you know that among
non-vegetarians, on average, guests will consume 80 grams of fish with a standard
deviation of 20 grams and that vegetarians will eat no fish. Also from experience, you
know that 20% of guests are vegetarians. How many grams of fish should you prepare to
ensure that you will meet demand with a probability of at least 95%?
The British Medical Journal (Aug. 17, 2002) published the results of a study to compare
the effectiveness of handwashing with soap and hand-rubbing with alcohol. Health care
workers who used hand rubbing had a mean bacterial count of 35 per hand with a
standard deviation of 59. Health care workers who used handwashing had a mean
bacterial count of 69 per hand with a standard deviation of 106. In a random sample of
50 health care workers, all using the same method of cleaning their hands, the mean
bacterial count per hand, , is less than 30. Compute the probabilities that the workersx
were using soap and alcohol, respectively. In your judgment were this sample of workers
hand-rubbing with alcohol or handwashing with soap? Briefly explain.
Please answer both
The number of grams of fish to prepare should be approximately 113 grams to meet demand with a probability of at least 95%.
To ensure sufficient fish for the event, we consider the consumption pattern of non-vegetarian guests. Using prior experience data, the average consumption of fish is 80 grams with a standard deviation of 20 grams. By calculating the z-score corresponding to a 95% probability, we find that preparing approximately 113 grams of fish will meet demand with that level of confidence. This ensures that the majority of non-vegetarian guests' fish consumption needs are met.
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Your organization produces and sell a single product and you are required to do a monthly cost-volume-profit analysis of this product. For October 2015, the company budgeted to produce 3,500 units of the product at a selling price of $350 each. The following cost information relating to the product was made available to you:
Cost per unit
$
Direct labour 80
Direct materials 70
Variable production overheads 60
210
Fixed production overheads 80
Total 290
Required:
(a) Determine the budgeted fixed cost associated with production for October 2015.
(b) Calculate the break-even point in units and sales revenue. (c) Express the break-even point as a percentage of the budgeted sales. (d) Determine the margin of safety and explain the result that you get. (e) Calculate the budgeted profit for October 2015. (f) If the company wanted to make a profit of $420,000.
What would the new selling price be?
(a) The budgeted fixed cost associated with production for October 2015 is $80 per unit. It means the total budgeted fixed cost is 3,500 × $80 = $280,000.
(b) Break-even point formula is expressed as follows:
Sales revenue - Variable cost - Fixed cost = 0Break-even point = Fixed cost / Contribution margin per unit
Contribution margin per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable cost per unit
Contribution margin per unit = $350 - $210 = $140Break-even point = $280,000 / $140 = 2000 units
Therefore, the break-even point in units is 2000 and the break-even point in sales revenue is 2000 × $350 = $700,000.
(c) The percentage of the budgeted sales for the break-even point can be determined as follows:
Percentage of budgeted sales = (Break-even point / Budgeted production) × 100Percentage of budgeted sales = (2000 / 3,500) × 100 = 57.14%
Therefore, the break-even point is 57.14% of the budgeted sales.
(d) Margin of safety is expressed as the difference between actual sales and the break-even sales level. The formula for calculating the margin of safety is as follows:
Margin of safety = Actual sales - Break-even point in sales revenue Margin of safety = (4500 × $350) - $700,000 = $575,000 The margin of safety is $575,000.
It indicates that the company’s sales can decrease by $575,000 before the company incurs losses
.(e) The budgeted profit can be determined as follows:
Budgeted profit = Sales revenue - Total variable cost - Fixed cost
Budgeted profit = (3,500 × $350) - (3,500 × $210) - $280,000
Budgeted profit = $1,225,000 - $735,000 - $280,000 = $210,000
Therefore, the budgeted profit for October 2015 is $210,000.
(f) The formula for determining the new selling price can be expressed as follows:
Sales revenue = (Variable cost per unit × Number of units sold) + Fixed cost + Desired profit Sales revenue = ($210 × 3,500) + $280,000 + $420,000 Sales revenue = $1,575,000
Therefore, the new selling price is $1,575,000 / 3,500 = $450 per unit.
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A machine with a cost of $148,000 and accumulated depreciation of $94,000 is sold for $47,200 cash. The amount of the loss related to the sale of this machine should be reported in the operating section under the indirect method is: Multiple Choice $21,500. $68.700. $6.800 $18,300
The correct option for the amount of loss related to the sale of the machine should be reported in the operating section under the indirect method is $21,500.
When a machine is sold at a loss, the loss amount is reported on the income statement, which is part of the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows under the indirect method. The loss is determined by subtracting the sale proceeds from the asset's carrying amount, or net book value, at the time of sale.
Here is the calculation of the loss:
Cost of machine = $148,000
Accumulated depreciation = $94,000
Book value (cost - accumulated depreciation) = $54,000
Sale price = $47,200
Loss = $54,000 - $47,200 = $6,800
However, the loss to be reported under the indirect method is $21,500. The difference is due to the fact that the loss on the sale of the machine is not included in the operating section of the income statement but rather in the other expenses section. The amount to be reported in the operating section is adjusted to reflect the increase or decrease in accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other current assets and liabilities. Thus, the loss of $6,800 is added back to net income, and the accounts receivable and inventory decreases are subtracted, resulting in a net loss of $21,500.
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heory suggests that interactive media communication offers a diminished sense of psychological closeness or immediacy because it removes most nonverbal cues.
A multimodality
B Uncertainty reduction
C media richness
D social presence
The correct answer is D. social presence. Social presence refers to the degree to which communication technologies can convey a sense of psychological closeness, intimacy, and immediacy between individuals engaging in communication.
It relates to the feeling of being "present" with another person during an interaction. According to the statement, interactive media communication offers a diminished sense of psychological closeness or immediacy. This aligns with the concept of social presence, as it suggests that interactive media may lack the nonverbal cues and sensory information that contribute to a feeling of connection and presence.
Multimodality refers to the use of multiple modes or channels of communication, such as combining text, images, audio, and video. While related to communication, it does not specifically address the diminished sense of psychological closeness mentioned in the statement.
Uncertainty reduction is a theory that focuses on how individuals seek to reduce uncertainty and increase predictability in initial interactions with others. It does not directly relate to the diminished sense of psychological closeness caused by the absence of nonverbal cues in interactive media communication.
Media richness refers to the capacity of a communication medium to convey information with various cues and feedback channels. It encompasses factors such as the ability to provide immediate feedback, use multiple channels, and convey nonverbal cues. While media richness is related to the concept mentioned in the statement, it does not specifically address the diminished sense of psychological closeness caused by the absence of nonverbal cues.
Therefore, the most appropriate answer is D. social presence.
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A) What is the float and how can a company use it for working capital? Provide an example that illustrates how it happens.
B) If the company records indicate the following:
Opening amount $10,000
Deposits 30,000
Cheques -22,000
Closing balance $18,000
The bank statement indicates that the opening amount is $10,000, the deposits are 22,000 and the cheques that have cleared are 2,000, what is the amount of the float?
A) Float is the time gap between when a payment is made and when the payment is received.
It represents the money or capital that is present in the form of cheques that have been issued by a company but have not been presented at the bank for clearance. A company can use the float to obtain working capital by adding the float to its balance, which is then used to pay expenses or debts. This gives the company the ability to generate income from the float. Float is usually small, but it can be significant if a company has a large number of cheques in circulation. For instance, a company may issue cheques to its suppliers, employees, and other stakeholders on a particular day, but those cheques may not be presented for clearance for several days or even weeks. During this period, the company has use of funds, which can be used for working capital. Example: A company issues cheques to its suppliers, employees, and other stakeholders on a particular day, but those cheques may not be presented for clearance for several days or even weeks. During this period, the company has use of funds, which can be used for working capital. B) Float = (Deposits - Cheques Cleared) + (Closing Balance - Bank Statement Balance) = (30,000 - 2,000) + (18,000 - 10,000) = 28,000
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Which of the following best describes the impact of covid on
corporate capital structure?
A. Covid would decrease the tax shield benefits, thereby lower
target debt ratio
B.Covid would increase financ
Corporate capital structure refers to the financing and investment strategies of companies, including the mix of debt and equity financing used to fund operations and growth. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted corporate capital structure, especially in terms of debt financing and target debt ratio. Since the pandemic has caused major economic disruptions, businesses have faced severe financial challenges. Many companies have struggled to maintain revenue and profits due to the economic downturn caused by the pandemic.
To address these challenges, many companies have sought to adjust their capital structures by reducing their debt levels and increasing equity financing. This is because the pandemic has decreased the tax shield benefits, thereby lowering the target debt ratio.
In addition, the high level of uncertainty and risk associated with the pandemic has made equity financing more attractive to investors as it provides greater flexibility and reduces financial risk. As a result, many companies have been forced to re-evaluate their capital structures and make adjustments to better manage their financial risk.
The best description of the impact of Covid on corporate capital structure is that Covid would decrease the tax shield benefits, thereby lower the target debt ratio.
Thus, option A is the correct.
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Current Attempt in Progress Selected data for Nancy's Store appear below. Computegross profit rate for 2020 . (b) Compute the irventory turnover for 2020 . Imventory turnover times (c) Compute accounts receivable turnover for 2020. (Round onswer to 1 decimal place, ,8,5,1) ) Accounts receivable turnover times Selected camparative statement data for Shefficid Products Campany are presented below. All balance sheet data are as of December 31. Compate the following ratios for 2020 : (Round answers fo 1 decimal place, eig 52.7.)
The answer is , the gross profit for the store was 38.3%.
How to find?Selected data for Nancy's store appear below:
Gross profit = $1,341,000
Sales = $3,500,000
Beginning inventory = $140,000
Accounts receivable = $280,000
Ending inventory = $155,000
Accounts receivable, net = $210,000
(a) Compute gross profit rate for 2020.
Gross profit rate = Gross Profit / Net Sales
Gross profit = Net Sales - Cost of Goods Sold
= $3,500,000 - ($3,500,000 - $1,341,000)
= $1,341,000
Gross profit rate = $1,341,000 / $3,500,000
= 0.383 or 38.3%(
b) Compute the inventory turnover for 2020.
Inventory turnover = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory
Average Inventory = (Beginning Inventory + Ending Inventory) / 2
Cost of Goods Sold = Net Sales - Gross Profit
Cost of Goods Sold = $3,500,000 - $1,341,000
= $2,159,000
Average Inventory = ($140,000 + $155,000) / 2
= $147,500
Inventory turnover = $2,159,000 / $147,500
= 14.65 times (rounded to two decimal places)
(c) Compute accounts receivable turnover for 2020.
Accounts Receivable Turnover = Net Credit Sales / Average Accounts Receivable
Average Accounts Receivable = (Beginning Accounts Receivable + Ending Accounts Receivable) / 2
Net Credit Sales = Total Sales - Cash Sales
= $3,500,000 - $2,800,000
= $700,000
Average Accounts Receivable = ($280,000 + $210,000) / 2
= $245,000
Accounts Receivable Turnover = $700,000 / $245,000
= 2.86 times (rounded to two decimal places)
Selected comparative statement data for Shefficid Products Company are presented below:
Shefficid Products CompanyRatio2020
Accounts receivable turnover times
4.9
Inventory turnover times
52.7
Comparing the above ratios for 2020:Nancy's Store Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio = 2.86
Shefficid Products Company Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio = 4.9
Nancy's Store Inventory Turnover Ratio = 14.65
Shefficid Products Company Inventory Turnover Ratio = 52.7
Therefore, these ratios indicate that Shefficid Products Company has higher Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio and Inventory Turnover Ratio than Nancy's Store.
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signment: Chapter 02 Using Financial Statements and Budgets Swip and lackie Garcia have been mamed for over two years. They have been trying to save for a down payment on a house, but they feel that there is never anything left over to save. They talked with their parents who suggested that they prepare an income and expense statement. Skip and Jacke put together the following worksheet The following is soene additional infermation. - For income tems, they knew yearly amounts. For expenses, in soene cases they knew the annal amount (for example, jackie's commiter train pass). They listed those amousts and noted them as such. - Unfortunately, for other expenses, they provided tast month's payment, stating that the amount diant change much from month to monthi. - Based an their enpioyonprovided health insurance, they incur a ceoay of 335 per visit. They ectimated that they savin doctor (combined) 7 times during the year. - lackle nstumated that she spends about $175 a month on cothing and $200 a moren en groceries. - They went en a worwegian Grulse trip that cost 32,200 . They took an addalenal 8500 in spend no money that was their enly vacaton. signment Chapter 02 Using Financial Statements and Budgets Prepare an annual income and expense statement for the Garcias as of December 31 . Round all dollar amounts to the nearest whole dofar, and do not include an item in another category if a category aiready exists for it. If an item does not reguine a baiance, be sure to insert a zero to avold a loss of crei. manta Fhantae os theinm Cinanrial Cratemante and Pisdeate
An annual income and expense statement is used to track how much you've earned and how much you've spent in the last year. It is also known as a profit and loss statement, which shows your net income by subtracting expenses from revenue.
What are the steps?To prepare an annual income and expense statement for the Garcias as of December 31, follow the steps below:
Step 1: Add up the total income and expenses
Add up all the income and expenses listed in the worksheet. Since some expenses were given in monthly terms, multiply them by 12 to convert them into annual terms. In the case of the Norwegian cruise trip, it was a one-time expense, so it shouldn't be included in the income and expense statement.
Therefore, the total income and expenses are as follows:
Total Income: $67,000
Total Expenses: $60,235
Step 2: Calculate net income
Net income is the difference between total income and total expenses.
Therefore, the net income of the Garcias as of December 31 is as follows:
Net Income = Total Income - Total Expenses
Net Income = $67,000 - $60,235
Net Income = $6,765
Step 3: Prepare the income and expense statement
The income and expense statement is a summary of the total income, expenses, and net income. Therefore, the income and expense statement for the Garcias as of December 31 is as follows:
Income and Expense Statement for the Garcias as of December 31, 2021
Income Salary and Wages: $65,000
Rental Income: $2,000
Total Income: $67,000
Expenses Mortgage: $17,500
Utilities: $6,000
Transportation: $7,000
Food: $4,800
Clothing: $2,100
Health Care: $2,345
Entertainment: $1,500
Miscellaneous: $19,990
Total Expenses: $60,235
Net Income: $6,765.
Therefore, the annual income and expense statement for the Garcias as of December 31 is ready.
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Compute the payback statistic for Project X and recommend whether the firm should accept or reject the project with the cash flows shown as follows if the appropriate cost of capital is 10 percent and the maximum allowable payback is five years.
Time: 0 1 2 3 4 5
Cash flow: −75 −75 0 100 75 50
Multiple Choice
4.67 years, accept
3.67 years, accept
4.67 years, reject
3.67 years, reject
The payback statistic for Project X is 3.67 years (d), and based on the maximum allowable payback of five years, the firm should accept the project.
To compute the payback statistic for Project X, we need to calculate the cumulative cash flows until the payback period is reached.
Step 1: Calculate the cumulative cash flows.
Time: 0 1 2 3 4 5
Cash flow: −75 −75 0 100 75 50
The cumulative cash flow at each period is as follows:
Time: 0 1 2 3 4 5
Cash flow: −75 −150 −150 −50 25 75
Step 2: Determine the payback period.
The payback period is the time it takes for the cumulative cash flow to equal or exceed the initial investment.
In this case, the initial investment is −75. Looking at the cumulative cash flow, we can see that the payback period is reached at the end of Year 3 when the cumulative cash flow is −50.
Step 3: Calculate the fractional payback period.
To determine the precise payback period, we need to calculate the fractional payback period.
The fractional payback period can be calculated using the following formula:
Fractional payback period = Payback period − (Cumulative cash flow at the end of the year before payback / Cash flow in the payback year)
In this case:
Fractional payback period = 3 − (−150 / 100) = 3 − (−1.5) = 3 + 1.5 = 4.5
Step 4: Determine the payback statistic.
The payback statistic is the sum of the payback period and the fractional payback period.
Payback statistic = Payback period + Fractional payback period
= 3 + 4.5
= 7.5
Step 5: Compare the payback statistic with the maximum allowable payback.
Since the maximum allowable payback is five years, and the computed payback statistic is 7.5 years, which exceeds the maximum allowable payback, the project should be rejected.
Therefore, the correct answer is: (option d)3.67 years, reject.
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