Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is a process used to treat coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the narrowing of the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle.
CAD is caused by the accumulation of fatty material within the walls of arteries. This buildup narrows the interior of the arteries, limiting the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. One way to treat a blocked or narrowed artery is to bypass the blocked portion of the coronary artery with a piece of healthy blood vessel from elsewhere in the body. The vessel or graft used for bypass surgery is a leg vein or part of a thoracic artery. An artery from the wrist can also be used. Doctors place one end of the graft over the blockage and the other end under the blockage. Blood bypasses the blockage by flowing through the new graft to reach the heart muscle. This is called coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Traditionally, doctors make a large incision in the chest to temporarily stop the heart to bypass a blocked coronary artery. To open the chest, doctors cut the breastbone (breastbone) in half lengthwise and spread it apart. Once the heart is exposed, the doctor inserts a tube into the heart and uses a cardiopulmonary bypass her machine to pump blood through the body. A bypass machine is needed to pump blood while the heart is at rest.
While traditional “open-heart surgery” is still commonly performed and preferred in many situations, minimally invasive techniques have been developed to bypass blocked coronary arteries. "Off-pump" surgery, which does not require the heart to be stopped, was developed in the 1990s.
Therefore, Other minimally invasive surgeries such as B. Keyhole surgery (performed through very small incisions) and robotic surgery (performed using moving mechanical devices) can be used.
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HELP ASP I SILL GIVE BRAILEST AND 10 points
The Bohr atomic model explains the radical departure first that incorporated quantum theory and predecessor of wholly quantum-mechanical models.
What is Bohr model ?
The postulates are electrons revolve around the nucleus in a specific circular orbits which are designated by the letter K,L,M.; Electrons move in particular orbit, they can neither gain nor loose energy and these orbits are called stationary orbits.
The electron jump from lower to higher orbit absorb energy and if an electron jump from high to lower then it release energy in the form of radiations.
The electron model is where the donors contribute the charge of an electron, and acceptors contribute a space for same, ultimately contributing a fictional positive charge.
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Lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids are large polymers that make up the different components of our bodies. Which element can be found as the backbone of all of these macromolecules?.
Lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids are large polymers that make up the different components of our bodies. The element that is found as the backbone of all these macromolecules is carbon.
Carbon is an element that has four free electrons as a result of which it has the capacity to form a variety of compounds that are unique. Carbon forms covalent bonds with other elements to make many of the macromolecules in our body such as lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids etc. Hence, carbon plays a major role in the making of biological systems.
The carbon atom can form such versatile compounds that a whole branch of organic chemistry is made where carbon compounds are studied. It is due to this property of the carbon atom that it is the backbone of the majority of the macromolecules found in an organism's body.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids are large polymers that make up the different components of our bodies.
Which element can be found as the backbone of all of these macromolecules?
1.Carbon
2.Phosphorus
3.Oxygen
4.Nitrogen
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Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession? A. A tornado B. A volcanic eruption C. A flood D. A drought
Answer:
b) A volcanic eruption
Explanation:
A volcanic eruption is the catastrophic event most likely will have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession. Hence, option (b) is correct.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
l think bcoz volcanic eruption has to do with fire and then it effects the ecosystem and because people are examples of the ecosystem
In three or fewer sentences, explain how the heart, brain, and muscles coordinate to complete a task that requires
some effort in the human body.
Why would it be important that many metabolic byproducts be precursors for gluconeogenesis?
Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process by which organisms produce sugars (i.e., glucose) from non-carbohydrate precursors for catabolism.
Glucose is the sole energy source used by the brain (excluding ketone bodies during fasting), testicles, red blood cells, and renal medulla. In mammals, this process takes place in the liver and kidneys. Energy requirements are critical to sustaining life. Organisms have evolved ways to make the substrates needed for the catabolic reactions necessary to sustain life when the necessary substrates are not available. The main energy source for eukaryotes is glucose. When glucose is not available. The process of converting pyruvate to glucose is called gluconeogenesis. Another way organisms obtain glucose is from energy stores such as glycogen and starch. Gluconeogenesis is very similar to glycolysis, but the process is reversed. However, there are exceptions. Glycolysis has three highly exergonic steps (steps 1, 3 and 10). These are also regulatory steps involving enzymes such as hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. Biological reactions can go both forward and backward. As the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction, the energy normally released in this reaction is required. If gluconeogenesis were simply reversed, the reaction would require too much energy for that particular organism to benefit.
We have further developed three enzymes that replace the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase as they undergo cytotoxicity.
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Match them with the answers ILL GIVE BRAINLEST
Answer:
1) Alkali earth metals, group 2 - not as soft as Alkali metals. Reactive metals, but not as reactive as Alkali metals.
2) Nobel Gases, group 18 - Very unreactive nonmetals.
3) Alkali metals, group 1 - very reactive and soft metals.
4) Halogens, group 17 - very reactive nonmetals.
Describe the genotype ratio for their offspring
1 DD-dimpled
2Dd-dimpled.
1dd-no dimple
Answer:
1:2:1
Explanation:
A Dd x Dd cross will produce the following genotype: DD, Dd, Dd, dd. The genotypic ratio is 1:2:1. The phenotypic ratio is 3:1 where 3 offspring will have the dominant trait and 1 offspring will have a recessive trait.
hhhhheeeeeellllllllpppppppp
A - Ammonia
B - Hydroxide
C - Hydrogen
D - Oxygen
I think this is it
According to darwin, what was the role of naturalists in the context of behavioural research?
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The citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain are connected biochemical reactions. the oxidation of succinate to fumarate is tied to _____ in the electron transport chain.
The citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain are connected biochemical reactions. the oxidation of succinate to fumarate is tied to the reduction of Complex 2 and the reduction of FAD to FADH2 in the electron transport chain. Hence, 1 and 3 are the right responses.
Complex II in this instance uses the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase to oxidize succinate to fumarate. Therefore, this complex is also known as respiratory complex II, succinate dehydrogenase complex, or succinate coenzyme Q complex.
Along with the oxidation of succinate to fumarate, ubiquinone is reduced to ubiquinol during this phase. The TCA cycle's sixth step is this. Succinate is oxidized, and FADH2 is created. It is made when FAD is converted into FADH2.
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Question correction:
The Citric Acid Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain are connected biochemical reactions. The oxidation of succinate to fumarate is tied to in the electron transport chain. Which two answer choices correctly complete the sentence?
the reduction of Complex 2 the oxidation of FMN to FMNH2 the reduction of FAD to FADH2 the reduction of FMN to FMNH2 the oxidation of FAD to FADH2 the reduction of Complex 1Which characteristic of ions makes them important to living things?
O formation of covalent bonds
O lack of reactivity
O difficulty dissolving
O electrical charges
Answer:
electrical charges
Explanation:
I don't know but I think it is this one
Answer: electrical charges
A suspicious breast lump is noted on a mammogram. the client asks the nurse which diagnostic test confirms if the lump is cancerous or benign. which response by the nurse is most correct?
Biopsy is the correct response by the nurse for a suspicious breast lump noted on a mammogram.
What is a biopsy?A biopsy is the procedure when a small sample of tissue is taken from the body and examined more closely.When an initial examination reveals an area of tissue in the body isn't normal, a doctor should advise a biopsy. Unusual tissue may be referred to by medical professionals as a lesion, tumor, or mass.What is the purpose of a biopsy?A biopsy can be used to help diagnose cancer or other conditions. Discover the many types of biopsies and what to anticipate. A biopsy is a process to take a sample of your body's cells or tissue so that it may be examined in a lab.To learn more about biopsy visit:
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how is the function of a cone cell related to the structure
Answer:
Cone cells, or cones, are one of the two types of photoreceptor cells that are in the retina of the eye which are responsible for color vision as well as eye color sensitivity; they function best in relatively bright light, as opposed to rod cells that work better in dim light.
Anthropologists might best refute the idea that human culture is biologically determined by using which observation?.
Although different groups have varied eating habits, all humans must eat.
What areas of study do anthropologists often pursue?The four primary subfields of anthropology today are archaeology, cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and biological anthropology.Each uses varied research approaches and has a unique set of research interests.The social sciences, humanities, even biology and geology, as well as other disciplines, are utilised in the methodologies.Biological anthropology and archaeology are frequently the disciplines that are most similar to the biological and physical sciences in terms of learning about the human experience.The majority of anthropologists carry out study and present their findings in their seminars. They are employed by colleges, universities, and museums.However, a third of anthropologists use their skills for problem-solving in non-academic settings such as corporations, hospitals, and governmental and non-governmental organizations. They have expertise in anthropology.Learn more about the Anthropology with the help of the given link:
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how does frequent washing of hands with soap and water help to prevent germs and infectious disease
Answer:
Washing your hands with plain soap and water removes germs, including antibiotic-resistant germs. Keeping your hands clean can prevent the spread of germs, reducing the risk for antibiotic-resistant infections.
Explanation:
What condition of immediate concern results from a loss of red blood cells due to hemorrhage?
Answer:
Acute condition results from a loss of red blood cells due to hemorrhage.
Explanation:
A sudden decrease in RBCs, most frequently caused by hemolysis and acute bleeding, results in acute anaemia. Contrarily, chronic anaemia typically results in a slow loss of RBCs and has a variety of reasons, such as iron or even other nutrient deficiency, chronic illnesses, drug usage, and others. There are some of the symptoms of acute anemia such as, Tiredness, weakness, skin that is yellow or pale, abnormal heartbeats, respiration difficulty, a feeling of faintness or dizziness, heart problems, Cold feet as well as hands. The quickest way to boost the iron levels when someone is suffering from iron-deficiency anaemia is frequently by eating iron orally or by having iron delivered intravenously combined with vitamin C. RBCs need iron to make haemoglobin, which enables the RBCs transport oxygen towards the body's organs as well as other tissues.
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In the first 10 years, what did the carrying capacity appear to be?
Every ecosystem has limiting elements that prevent populations from growing out of control, such as the availability of food or the effects of illness and predation.
The carrying capacity of an ecosystem, or the largest population that an ecosystem can sustain given all of its resources, is determined by several limiting constraints.
On a graph of a population function, the carrying capacity, or maximum population size that an environment can support, is shown as a dotted horizontal line.
Therefore, if we had a population graph that resembled this, our carrying capacity would be approximately where this point is located. It would also be a dotted line that would cross where our population graph turned into a horse on a line.
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A relatively small organelle that contains enzymes that oxidize organic substances.
A relatively small organelle that contains enzymes that oxidize organic substances is peroxisomes.
We can define peroxisomes as small, membrane-bound organelles where various oxidative reactions take place. Apart from oxidative reactions, peroxisomes are also involved in detoxification reactions. They are also involved in the making of membrane lipids.
These small vesicle organelles, referred to as peroxisomes, are found in all eukaryotic organisms.
By the process of oxidation, organic compounds are broken down by peroxisomes. Peroxisomes contain different enzymes for oxidative reactions to occur. As a result of these oxidation reactions, hydrogen peroxide is made. The hydrogen peroxide produced is toxic to the cells and hence catalase readily converts this hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water.
Compounds like fatty acids and amino acids are oxidized in the peroxisomes.
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The __________ are the branches at the end of the axon. a. neural receptors b. axon terminals c. myelin sheath d. cell bodies please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
The end branches of an axon are called telodendria. The swollen end of a telodendron is known as the Axon Terminal which joins the dendron or cell body of another neuron forming a synaptic connection.
Explanation:
So it's letter b.
a container of volume 30 cm cube was filled with a liquid of mass 6 grams calculate the density of the liquid
Answer: have this same qeustion need help
Explanation:
help
An antioxidant is a(n) _________ agent that reacts with certain agents in the body. the objective is that the antioxidant will be in preference to human cells or dna.
An Antioxidant is a reducing agent that reacts with certain oxidizing agents in the body. The objective is that the antioxidant will be oxidized in preference to human cells or DNA.
A chemical known as an antioxidant stops oxidation. Actually, they work as reducing agents.
An antioxidant is a substrate that stops molecules inside of a cell from oxidizing. It is a common chemical procedure that enables the removal of hydrogen or electrons from a material. The biological oxidation process results in the production of free radicals. The chain reaction is triggered simultaneously by the radicals because of their reactivity. A cell may suffer harm or perhaps pass away as a result of this. Therefore, by removing free radical intermediates, antioxidant drugs can stop a chain reaction.Antioxidants can be thought of as reducing agents since they are oxidized while acting as antioxidants. Ascorbic acid, thiols, and polyphenols are a few examples. Antioxidants are frequently added to diet as supplements.To know more about reducing agents visit:
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CER elephants and lions need energy to survive macromolecule
Elephants use carbohydrates and protein for energy. Lions use protein and fat for energy.
What are macromolecule and energy?Carbohydrates are the macromolecule that serves as an organism's main source of energy.For instance, macromolecules offer structural support, a way to store energy, the capacity to store and access genetic data, and the capacity to quicken metabolic processes. Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids are the four main categories of macromolecules that perform these crucial roles in a cell's life.Elephants use carbohydrates and protein for energy. Elephants eat 3 different types of hay. Each type of hay has mainly carbohydrates plus smaller amounts of protein. Hay has no lipids. Lions use protein and fat for energy. Lions eat 3 different types of animal (meat). Each type of animal has mainly protein plus a smaller amount of protein.During chemical reactions such as digestion, the bonds in large molecules are broken and energy is released. Since elephants eat hay, they are getting carbohydrates and proteins to use for energy when the hay is digested. The energy released when the food molecule bonds are broken can be used for survival.During chemical reactions such as digestion, the bonds in large molecules are broken and energy is released. Since lions eat beef, deer, and pig meat, they are getting proteins and lipids to use for energy after digestion.To know more about macromolecule, visit:
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What type of RNA brings the respective amino acid to the exact codon location during translation?
A) mRNA
B) cRNA
C) rRNA
D) tRNA
Answer: The correct answer is "tRNA"
Explanation:
I took the test
Nerve cells in the visual system, anywhere from the retina back to the occipital lobe, are known as.
Nerve cells in the visual system, anywhere from the retina back to the occipital lobe, are known as visual neurons.
What are visual neurons?The visual cortex contains neurons that are specialized for that purpose. They are distinguished specifically as simple and complicated neurons. Simple cells, which are primarily found in V1 of the visual cortex, respond to a particular set of visual cues, such as edges and orientations, within a single receptive field.How numerous are visual neurons?Each hemisphere of the adult human primary visual cortex is thought to have an average of 140 million neurons.What portion of the brain controls vision?One of the four main lobes in the mammalian brain is the occipital lobe. The occipital lobe is primarily in charge of processing the visual environment around the body, including an object's shape, color, and location.To learn more about nerve cells visit:
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Explain and describe how blood flows from the foot to the lungs
A true breeding plant with seeds in white pods is crossed to a true breeding pea plant with seeds in orange pods. the offspring of this cross all have seeds found in orange pods. this indicates that:
Answer:
A true breeding plant with seeds in white pods is crossed to a true breeding pea plant with seeds in orange pods. the offspring of this cross all have seeds found in orange pods. this indicates that:Dominant
Battus philenor
Pipevine Swallowtail
Limenitis arthemis astyanax
Red-spotted Purple
Limenitis arthemis arthemis
White Admiral
The images show the pipevine swallowtail butterfly (left) and two forms of the species
Limenitis arthemis. Scientists think that the red-spotted purple form of L. arthemis
is a Batesian mimic of the poisonous pipevine swallowtail. In Batesian mimicry, a
nonpoisonous species resembles a poisonous model species. This adaptation causes
predators to c
to confuse the mimic with the model, and avoid it.
Scientists can create lifelike models of butterflies that can be placed in the butterflies'
natural settings and periodically checked for signs of damage from predators such as
birds.
A Identify at least two characteristics of a good hypothesis.
Beautiful woodland butterflies like the red spotted purple, Limenitis arthemis astyanax (Fabricius), are also frequently observed in forested suburban areas. It is thought to be a sympatric Batesian mimic of the lethal pipe vine swallowtail, Battus philenor (Linnaeus).
When observed in flight from a distance, adult red-spotted purples are regarded to resemble pipevine swallowtails and can be challenging to distinguish from any black swallowtails. Observe the absence of tails, the black lines close to the hindwing border dorsal view (viewed from above), and the red-orange dots on the underside (ventral side) of the wings. The ventral red-orange markings close to the body are absent in swallowtails. The larvae resemble bird poop. They have one longer pair of tubercles on the thorax and are humped at the thorax. Shades of brown, brownish yellow, white, and green are spotted across the body. A more northern subspecies that is not mimicked is the white admiral, Limenitis arthemis (Drury). In the lack of a poisonous model, it is thought to profit from its obstructive banded colour for defense.
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Relate the structure of the cell (plasma) membrane with organic compounds.
Carbohydrates, proteins, phospholipids, and lipids are the organic compounds that structure the cell membrane. The glycocalyx is that the term helpful to describe the carbohydrate coating on the cell surface, which is involved in cell-cell adhesion, protecting the cell surface from chemical damage. The membrane proteins are responsible for the most dynamic processes carried by the membranes. Lipids are providing the essential structure of the cell membrane. Phospholipids are generally made up of from four fatty acids, alcohol, phosphate, and alcohol with phosphate.
The lipids, proteins, phospholipids, and lipids that structure the cell membrane are all organic substances. The term "glycocalyx" is beneficial to describe the carbohydrate coating on a cell's surface that aids in cell-cell attachment and shields the surface from chemical deterioration. The foremost dynamic processes carried out by membranes are controlled by membrane proteins. The elemental structure of the cell membrane is provided by lipids. Four fatty acids, alcohol, phosphate, and alcohol with phosphate are the most components of phospholipids.
The plasma membrane is another name for the cell membrane. It shields the cell and its cellular constituents from the surface world. It controls the flow of chemicals into and out of the cell and is selectively permeable. A cell's cytoplasm is surrounded by a skinny, semi-permeable membrane referred to as the cell membrane (plasma membrane). By letting some chemicals into the cell while blocking others, it serves the aim of preserving the integrity of the cells interior. The upkeep of cellular integrity and the transportation of molecules inside and outside the cells are the two most crucial roles performed by the cell membrane.
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Why origins of replication along a chromosome tend to start at sites with stretches of a and t nucleotides?
The origins of replication along a chromosome tend to start at sites with stretches of a and t nucleotides because-
The positions at which the DNA helix is first opened are referred to as replication origins (parent 5-29). In easy cells like those of micro organism or yeast, origins are designated with the aid of DNA sequences numerous hundred nucleotide pairs in length. This DNA consists of brief sequences that appeal to initiator proteins, in addition to stretches of DNA which can be particularly smooth to open. We noticed in discern four-4 that an A-T base pair is held together by fewer hydrogen bonds than a G-C base pair. consequently, DNA wealthy in A-T base pairs is extraordinarily clean to drag aside, and areas of DNA enriched in A-T pairs are generally found at replication origins.In order to form a replication bubble, the DNA has to be unbound. DNA contains 4 nucleotides A, T, C, and C. A and T basepairs via 2 hydrogen bonds and C and G base pairs with 3 hydrogen bonds, so basepairing between C and G is stronger compared to Basepairing between A and T, so it is easy to break hydrogen bonds between A and T compared to G and C so origin of replication contains A and T nucleotides compared to C and C nucleotidesTo know more about Origin of replication visit : https://brainly.com/question/13685752
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If an individual with no blood sugar abnormalities when eating regularly presented with severe hypoglycemia after 30 hours of fasting, which enzyme would you suspect might be malfunctioning?
If an individual with no blood sugar abnormalities when eating regularly presented with severe hypoglycemia after 30 hours of fasting, the enzyme is fructose-1-6-bisphosphate.
What is fructose-1-6-bisphosphate?Because to an inherited metabolic disease called fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase insufficiency, the body is unable to produce glucose as it should. The main type of sugar found in blood is glucose, which serves as the body's cells' principal source of energy. Autosomal recessive inheritance is the mode of inheritance for fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency. A lack of the enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase results from inherited genetic abnormalities in the FBP1 gene. In turn, this shortage leads to inadequate glucose synthesis.
When do this disease's symptoms start to appear?Age of onset refers to the typical age at which a disease first manifests its symptoms. For some diseases, the age of onset might vary, and a doctor may use this information to make a diagnosis. Some disorders may show symptoms at one particular age or at numerous different ages. Other diseases can manifest their symptoms at any point in a person's life.
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