The study conducted by Dr. Svoboda investigates the development of the ability to roll over in children at different ages (one month, three months, five months, and seven months) by assessing their rolling-over capabilities simultaneously during one measurement session.
In this study, Dr. Svoboda is interested in understanding the developmental progression of the ability to roll over in children. By examining children at different ages (one month, three months, five months, and seven months), he aims to determine when this milestone typically emerges. The assessment of rolling over is conducted during a single measurement session, allowing for a direct comparison between children of different ages.
This research will contribute to our understanding of motor development and provide valuable insights into the timeline of rolling-over skills in infants.
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an enduring system of relationships among people, such as education or the political system represent which aspect of the national context of a country? group of answer choices national culture business culture social institutions managerial culture
An enduring system of relationships among people, such as education or the political system, represents social institutions.
In different wording: What aspect of the national context does an enduring system of relationships among people, such as education or the political system, represent?Social institutions encompass the structures, norms, and values that govern human interactions within a society. They form the framework for various sectors, including education and politics, and shape the way individuals and groups relate to one another.
These institutions provide the foundation for social order, governance, and the transmission of knowledge and values across generations.
They play a crucial role in shaping a country's identity, shaping the behavior and expectations of its citizens, and influencing its development.
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Given that ∣U22∣=10, determine the order of 7 in the group (U22;⊗22) by performing only three multiplications in (U22;⊗22). Explain your reasoning.
Therefore, the order of 7 in the group (U22;⊗22) is 7. To determine the order of 7 in the group (U22;⊗22), we need to find the inverse of 7 in the group. We can use the extended Euclidean algorithm to find the inverse of 7.
The extended Euclidean algorithm is a process for finding the inverse of a matrix or a non-zero element in a group. It involves finding the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two numbers, and using that to solve for the inverse.
Using the extended Euclidean algorithm, we find that the GCD of 7 and 22 is 1, and that 7 and 22 can be expressed as the sum of two linearly dependent fractions:
7 = 7/1*22 = 7/1 - 7/11*22
22 = 22/1*1 = 22/1 - 11/11*22
Therefore, the inverse of 7 in (U22;⊗22) is -11/11, which can be expressed as a matrix in the group as:
-11/11 = [[-11/11, 0], [0, 1]]
To determine the order of 7 in the group (U22;⊗22), we need to perform three multiplications:
7*(-11/11) = -77/11
(-77/11)*22 = 161/11
161/11*7 = 1277/11
Since the result of the third multiplication is not equal to 1, the order of 7 in the group (U22;⊗22) is greater than 3. Therefore, the order of 7 in the group (U22;⊗22) is 7.
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Case Study – New York City Council
New York City (NYC) Council is one of the largest councils in the world. Consisting of 51 districts, the NYC Council is responsible for the creation of local laws that enable the council to respond to issues and community needs within NYC. The council has more than 294,000 employees that work in the many skyscraper buildings within the borough of Manhattan. Recently New York City Hall, home to the Mayor of New York and over 1000 staff, has undergone a renovation, to the interior and exterior of the 17th Century building, and as a result the cost of this renovation exceeded the planned cost by 50 million US dollars, and ended up costing 150 million US dollars. Unfortunately, the council also now needs to spend a considerable amount of money on the ageing IT equipment at City Hall, but due to the over expenditure on the renovation, minimal budget remains for IT expenditure.
As a result, the Mayor of New York has approached your consulting firm and asked for assistance in budgeting for the new IT equipment. The Mayor has raised some interesting concerns as detailed below.
Concern 1: The council currently has more than 1000 desktop personal computers running Windows 8 operating system, spread across the departments and locations within City Hall. The Mayor feels this is far too many personal computers and understands that reducing the number of required PC’s will also reduce energy consumption.
Concern 2: The desktop personal computers within City Hall currently use the following hardware specifications.
- 550 Desktop PC’s (1GHZ CPU, 1GB RAM, 16GB HDD)
- 300 Desktop PC’s (1.4GHZ CPU, 2GB RAM, 64GB HDD)
- 200 Desktop PC’s (2.4GHZ CPU, 8 GB RAM, 128GB HDD)
The Mayor would like to understand if any of the current PC devices can be salvaged and used for at least the next three years.
Concern 3: The Mayor is security conscious and is very concerned about the security implications that may be present since the Council is running an operating system that is seven years old.
Concern 4: The Mayor has indicated that all documentation recorded electronically in council meetings needs to be securely backed up in a location that all councillors can access at any time of the day.
Case Study – Requirements
To address the Case Study, provide a report to the Mayor that includes the following:
1. Advise and justify an Operating System to use as the councils Standard Operating Environment (SOE) given the difficulties the council is facing with IT expenditure. (ULO 2, ULO 3)
2. Advise the council on what hardware is required to support the SOE identified in the previous question, and explain how it may or may not be possible to re-use existing hardware. (ULO 2)
1.The NYC council currently has more than 1000 desktop personal computers running Windows 8 operating system. Windows 8 was released in 2012 and the extended support ended in 2023.
Microsoft will no longer provide security updates for this operating system. This poses a security risk as the council is running an operating system that is seven years old. Hence, Windows 10 is recommended to use as the council's Standard Operating Environment (SOE).Windows 10 has several benefits over Windows 8. Windows 10 is the latest version of the Microsoft Windows operating system.
Microsoft will provide mainstream support for Windows 10 until 2025 and extended support until 2029. This ensures security and software updates for the coming years. The cost of upgrading from Windows 8 to Windows 10 will be minimal as the council already owns the software licenses for Windows 8. The council can use the same license key to upgrade to Windows 10. Windows 10 is also more energy-efficient and can run on less powerful hardware compared to Windows 8.
2. The hardware requirements for Windows 10 are as follows:- 1 GHz or faster processor- 1 GB RAM for 32-bit or 2 GB RAM for 64-bit- 16 GB free hard disk space for 32-bit or 20 GB for 64-bit- DirectX 9 or later with WDDM 1.0 driver- Display resolution of at least 800 x 600Windows 10 can run on existing hardware that runs Windows 8. It can also run on less powerful hardware. The 550 desktop PCs with 1 GHz CPU, 1 GB RAM, and 16 GB HDD can be upgraded to Windows 10. These desktops will meet the minimum requirements of Windows 10.
The 300 desktop PCs with 1.4 GHz CPU, 2 GB RAM, and 64 GB HDD can also be upgraded to Windows 10. The 200 desktop PCs with 2.4 GHz CPU, 8 GB RAM, and 128 GB HDD are already capable of running Windows 10. They can be used as they are. If needed, they can be upgraded with more RAM to improve performance. However, the 550 desktop PCs with 1 GHz CPU and 1 GB RAM may not be suitable for all use cases.
The performance of these desktops may be slower than required for some applications. In such cases, the desktops may need to be replaced with more powerful hardware.
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What advantage does this approach offer over using antidepressant medications?
O It is targeted at an area that plays a critical role in depression
O It is a safer form of treatment.
O It can be used on a larger number of clients than medications
O Even if the electrode isn't in the precise location, the improvement is immediate and dramatic
The advantage of this approach over using antidepressant medications is that it is targeted at an area that plays a critical role in depression. By using electrodes to stimulate specific regions of the brain, this approach can directly address the underlying causes of depression.
Antidepressant medications, on the other hand, work by altering the levels of certain chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin, which can have various effects throughout the body.
Additionally, this approach is considered a safer form of treatment compared to antidepressant medications. Medications can sometimes have side effects, such as nausea, weight gain, or sexual dysfunction. With the use of electrodes, the treatment is localized to the brain and does not affect other areas of the body, minimizing the risk of side effects.
Furthermore, this approach can be used on a larger number of clients than medications. Some individuals may not respond well to antidepressant medications or may have contraindications that prevent them from taking certain medications. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), for example, can be used for individuals who are pregnant or have certain medical conditions that make them ineligible for medication treatment.
Lastly, even if the electrode isn't in the precise location, the improvement is immediate and dramatic. Unlike antidepressant medications, which may take weeks to start showing an effect, this approach often leads to a noticeable improvement in symptoms after just a few sessions of treatment.
In summary, this approach offers advantages over using antidepressant medications as it targets the critical area of depression, is considered safer, can be used on a larger number of clients, and has immediate and dramatic effects.
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according to the definition employed by barbour and wright, an example of political correctness in action would be
An example of political correctness in action, as defined by Barbour and Wright, can be observed in the implementation of inclusive language guidelines and the avoidance of offensive or discriminatory language and actions in educational institutions, workplaces, and public discourse.
According to the definition employed by Barbour and Wright, political correctness refers to a set of practices or policies aimed at avoiding language or actions that may offend or marginalize certain groups of people based on their race, gender, religion, or other protected characteristics. An example of political correctness in action could be the implementation of inclusive language guidelines in educational institutions or workplaces.
For instance, an institution might encourage the use of gender-neutral pronouns and discourage the use of language that reinforces gender stereotypes. This policy aims to create a more inclusive and respectful environment for individuals who identify outside the traditional binary gender norms.
Furthermore, political correctness can also be observed in public discourse and media representations. It may involve refraining from making derogatory or discriminatory statements about specific racial or ethnic groups, religious beliefs, or cultural practices. The intention is to foster a society that promotes equality, respect, and cultural sensitivity.
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"[In order to vote] Must reside in the State [Alabama] two years, one year in the County and three months in the election precinct.
Poll taxes for 1901 and each year since then must be paid before the first of February prior to the election.
Must be registered and hold a certificate of registration.
In order to register, must be able to read and write any Article of the Constitution of the United States, and must be regularly engaged in some work."—Excerpt from a pamphlet published for African Americans in the South
What was the intention of rules such as those expressed in this excerpt?
1) Ensure equality in voting opportunities for blacks and whites
2) Inform teachers of educational standards for voting citizens
3) Raise money to repair damages from the war
4) Disenfranchise former slaves and poor whites
The intention of the rules such as those expressed in this excerpt was to disenfranchise former slaves and poor whites, option D.
Disenfranchisement is the suspension or revocation of a person's right to vote or the qualification of a voter. It can also be termed as voter suppression. The laws of the state disenfranchise a person or group of people. Such rules and regulations have been created with the intention of limiting or preventing voting by individuals or groups based on social characteristics such as age, race, gender, and economic status. In the United States, the Reconstruction Era is when these tactics were frequently implemented.
Black people, who were formerly enslaved, were given the right to vote. However, this voting right was revoked by numerous rules and regulations. This system was in use from 1890 to 1965 in some Southern states. This pamphlet was published to explain the requirements for voting and how they were intended to disenfranchise African Americans. Hence, the option "Disenfranchise former slaves and poor whites" is correct.
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a(n) is a special built-in pointer that is available to a class's member functions. this pointer
A 'this pointer" is a special built-in pointer that is available to a class's member functions. this pointer
The special built-in pointer that is available to a class's member functions is called "this" pointer. The "this" pointer refers to the object on which the member function is being called. It is a hidden parameter that is automatically passed to all member functions of a class. The purpose of the "this" pointer is to differentiate between the local variables of a member function and the member variables of the class. It allows access to the member variables and functions of the object on which the member function is called.
For example, let's consider a class called "Person" with a member function called "setName". Inside the "setName" function, we have a member variable called "name".
```cpp
class Person {
public:
void setName(string name) {
this->name = name;
}
private:
string name;
};
```
In this case, the "this" pointer is used to access the member variable "name" and assign it the value passed as a parameter to the function.
```cpp
Person p;
p.setName("John");
```
Here, when the "setName" function is called on the object "p", the "this" pointer points to the object "p" and allows access to its member variable "name". Overall, the "this" pointer is a useful tool in C++ that helps in distinguishing between local variables and member variables of a class. It allows for manipulation and access to the member variables and functions of an object within its member functions.
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A society's mechanism for relating supernatural phenomena to the everyday world, and enlisting supernatural powers to achieve or prevent transformations of state in humans and nature, is:
a. religion.
b. ritual.
c. cosmology.
d. sympathetic magic
A society's mechanism for relating supernatural phenomena to the everyday world, and enlisting supernatural powers to achieve or prevent transformations of state in humans and nature, is religion
Religion is a system of beliefs that uses ritual, prayer, and other activities to connect individuals to the supernatural. Religious systems are concerned with the source of existence, ethics, morality, and cosmology. Religion is often closely associated with spirituality, but the two are not the same. Religion is a social institution with rules, practices, and hierarchies that vary across cultures and societies.
Religion has been used by various societies as a mechanism for understanding and relating to the supernatural, which is usually seen as existing beyond the physical world. In order to achieve or prevent transformations of state in humans and nature, people use religious practices such as prayer, sacrifice, and pilgrimage.
Religion is therefore a mechanism for connecting the supernatural and the everyday world, and for enlisting supernatural powers to influence human and natural phenomena. It is a way to cope with and explain the mysteries and uncertainties of life. Some of the most common religious practices and beliefs include the worship of deities, rituals, sacrifice, pilgrimage, and divination.
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Marion E. Seaver versus Matt C. Ransom, executor, a case decided by the New York Court of Appeals on October 1, 1918, and reported at volume 120, page 639, of North Eastern Reporter.Seaver v. Ransom, 120 N.E. 639 (N.Y. 1918).
The case of Marion E. Seaver versus Matt C. Ransom, executor, was decided by the New York Court of Appeals on October 1, 1918. It is reported at volume 120, page 639, of the North Eastern Reporter.
What were the facts and outcome of the case Seaver v. Ransom?In the case of Seaver v. Ransom, Marion E. Seaver and Matt C. Ransom were involved in a legal dispute. Marion E. Seaver filed a lawsuit against Matt C. Ransom, who was the executor of an estate. The details of the case are not provided in the given information, but it can be assumed that the lawsuit pertained to some aspect of the estate or its administration.
The New York Court of Appeals, the highest court in the state, reviewed the case and issued a decision on October 1, 1918. Unfortunately, the provided information does not disclose the specific details of the court's ruling, such as the reasoning or outcome of the case.
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select three ways a two-party system reflects a democratic society.
A democratic society is a form of government and social organization in which power is vested in the people. A two-party system reflects a democratic society in the following ways:
1. Competition for power between the two parties: In a two-party system, the two parties compete for power, and they have to win a majority of the votes to take control of the government. In this way, a two-party system reflects a democratic society where citizens have the right to choose their representatives.
2. Alternative choice to citizens: In a two-party system, citizens have a choice between two different parties that offer different policies and platforms. This allows citizens to choose the party that best represents their interests and values. In this way, a two-party system reflects a democratic society where citizens have the freedom to choose.
3. Checks and balances:A two-party system provides a system of checks and balances, as each party serves as a check on the other. In this way, a two-party system reflects a democratic society where no single party can dominate the government without the consent of the people.
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Ignoring the misbehavior is not appropriate when the student is:
Ignoring the misbehavior is not appropriate when the student is bullying or threatening to harm others or themselves. While some students may misbehave occasionally, more severe situations need to be addressed promptly.
In such cases, it is critical to intervene promptly and assertively to ensure that all students feel safe and secure in their learning environment. Ignoring such misconduct sends the wrong message to other students, and it may lead to further violence and bullying, which is why it should not be neglected. However, teachers can employ a variety of techniques and approaches to address misbehavior without resorting to physical discipline.
Teachers must establish clear classroom rules and communicate them frequently to students. They can also offer incentives for positive conduct and implement reasonable consequences for rule-breaking. Additionally, teachers can collaborate with school administrators, counselors, and parents to develop strategies to help students who exhibit problematic behavior.
In conclusion, ignoring misbehavior is not appropriate when students are bullying or threatening to harm themselves or others. Teachers must establish clear classroom rules, communicate them frequently to students, and collaborate with other stakeholders to develop strategies to help students who exhibit problematic behavior.
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Hello
Please response with your own idea and words. To give a better understanding. Thanks
What are some of the steps to building a risk assessment when analyzing a potential target? Which do you consider most important? Why?
Following steps are 1. Identify the Target, 2. Collect Data, 3. Evaluate the Target, 4. Identify Potential 5Risk assessment Risk assessment is an evaluation of risk to an organization. Risk assessment is most important as it helps to identify potential threats
Therefore, steps to building a risk assessment when analyzing a potential target includes the following: 1. Identify the Target: The first step in the risk assessment is identifying the target of interest, which could be an organization, asset, or system.
2. Collect Data: Collecting data on the target helps to provide information about the potential threat the target may encounter. Data could be obtained through various means, including open-source intelligence, closed-source intelligence, and social media.
3. Evaluate the Target: After data collection, an assessment of the target is necessary. This process helps to understand the target's strengths and weaknesses and provides valuable insight into the potential threats the target may face.
4. Identify Potential Threats: After the assessment, the next step is to identify potential threats to the target. This could be from both internal and external sources. Evaluate Threats: Evaluate the identified threats and assess the likelihood of them occurring.
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(a) What is a peer-reviewed publication? Explain what the importance of
peer-review is and discuss how you might establish whether a publication
has been peer reviewed.
A peer-reviewed publication is a publication that has been subjected to review by experts in the field for accuracy, rigor, and validity.
Peer review is essential as it helps to ensure that the published works are credible, trustworthy, and reliable. It involves the evaluation of a manuscript by independent reviewers, who are experts in the relevant field, to determine the validity of the research, accuracy of the findings, and the quality of the research. The process of peer review is designed to ensure that the work meets specific criteria, such as originality, clarity, and completeness.The importance of peer review is that it ensures that the published works are reliable, trustworthy, and credible. It is an essential step in the publication process as it provides an objective and critical evaluation of the research. It helps to prevent errors, bias, and inaccuracies from being published.
Peer-reviewed publications typically include a statement indicating that the publication has undergone a peer-review process. Additionally, you can also search for the publication in a reputable database such as Web of Science or PubMed, which only indexes peer-reviewed publications.
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after 54 years of production, the final build of which iconic aircraft just rolled off a us assembly line?
The iconic aircraft that recently completed its final build after 54 years of production is the Boeing 747.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. The question asks about the aircraft that just rolled off a US assembly line after 54 years of production. This indicates that the aircraft has a long history and has recently reached the end of its production run.
2. The term "iconic" suggests that the aircraft is widely recognized and has had a significant impact in the aviation industry.
3. The Boeing 747 fits these criteria. It is one of the most well-known and iconic aircraft in the world, with a distinctive hump on the front of its fuselage.
4. The Boeing 747 first entered service in 1970 and quickly became a symbol of commercial aviation. It revolutionized air travel by being the first wide-body, long-range jetliner.
5. Over the past 54 years, the Boeing 747 has undergone various upgrades and modifications to meet changing industry needs. However, due to declining demand for large four-engine aircraft and the rise of more fuel-efficient twin-engine planes, the production of the Boeing 747 has come to an end.
6. The recent completion of the final build of the Boeing 747 signifies the end of an era for this iconic aircraft.
In conclusion, the iconic aircraft that recently completed its final build after 54 years of production is the Boeing 747.
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individuals who blow the whistle are often declared heroes by the public, but they typically lose their jobs and endure financial hardships due to the lack of whistleblower protection laws in the u.s.
Individuals who blow the whistle on wrongdoing are often regarded as heroes by the public for their courage and commitment to upholding ethics and transparency.
While there are some laws in place to protect whistleblowers in specific sectors or industries, such as the False Claims Act or the Whistleblower Protection Act for federal employees, the overall legal framework for whistleblower protection in the U.S. is considered relatively weak compared to some other countries.
In many cases, whistleblowers who expose corporate misconduct or government wrongdoing may face retaliation from their employers, including termination, demotion, blacklisting.
Efforts have been made to strengthen whistleblower protections in the U.S., including proposed legislation to expand coverage and enhance safeguards.
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kübler-ross believed that in the process of dying, we go through _____ progressive stages of death and dying.
Kübler-Ross believed that in the process of dying, we go through five progressive stages of death and dying.
Kübler-Ross's theory of five stages of dying and death outlines five stages of psychological responses that people undergo when they face the possibility of their own death. The stages are
DenialAngerBargainingDepressionAcceptanceDenial: This is the initial reaction, where the person refuses to accept the reality of their situation. Anger: When the truth of the illness or prognosis sets in, individuals may respond with anger. The anger can be aimed at the doctor, God, fate, the illness, or themselves. Bargaining: Individuals may attempt to make deals with God or a higher power, such as "If I am cured, I will devote my life to good deeds."Depression: The individual confronts the certainty of their illness or death, which may cause them to withdraw and refuse to interact with others.
Therefore, In the Acceptance stage, the individual recognizes the certainty of death and accepts their fate, which allows them to move forward peacefully and in a state of comfort.
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Generally, ADR is favored over ______ in resolving international disputes
a) mediation
b) conciliation
c) arbitration
d) litigation
Generally, ADR is favored over litigation in resolving international disputes.
What is ADR?
ADR stands for Alternative Dispute Resolution.
This is a mechanism that is used to settle disputes outside of the courtroom. In general, ADR methods are less formal and more flexible than traditional litigation. Litigation is an expensive and time-consuming process that may not be the best choice for resolving international disputes.
Therefore, ADR is often favored over litigation in such cases.
How does ADR work?
ADR works by bringing together the parties involved in a dispute and encouraging them to reach a resolution through negotiation, mediation, or arbitration.
The goal of ADR is to facilitate a mutually agreeable outcome that satisfies all parties involved. The ADR process is confidential and can often be completed more quickly and efficiently than traditional litigation.
ADR methods are used in a wide range of disputes, including international trade, construction, intellectual property, and labor disputes.
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Collisions between galaxies typically unfold over a period of ________.
A) centuries B) hundreds of millions of years
C) millions of years D) hundreds of thousands of years
mann to know this your omni science
The statement, "Oh, they're at it again — but they always are" best describes which of the following types of marital relationship?
A. the devitalized relationship
B. the total relationship
C. the passive - congenial relationship
D. the conflict - habituated relationship
The statement "Oh, they're at it again — but they always are" best describes the conflict-habituated relationship in a marital relationship.
The conflict-habituated relationship is characterized by a pattern of ongoing conflicts and disagreements between partners. The statement suggests that conflicts and arguments are a common occurrence in the relationship, to the extent that they have become a regular part of the dynamic. The phrase "they always are" implies that the conflicts are persistent and recurring, indicating a long-standing pattern of disagreement.
In a conflict-habituated relationship, partners may have learned to navigate and manage conflicts without seeking resolution or compromise. Conflict becomes an integral part of the relationship, and partners may even find some level of comfort or familiarity in the ongoing disagreements. The statement reflects a resigned acceptance or expectation of the conflicts, suggesting that they have become a defining feature of the relationship.
It is important to note that while conflicts are a common occurrence in conflict-habituated relationships, they may not necessarily indicate a lack of love or commitment between partners. Conflict management and communication strategies can play a crucial role in addressing and transforming the dynamic of a conflict-habituated relationship.
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The European Social Survey (ESS)* is a cross-national survey that has been conducted
across Europe since its establishment in 2001. Every two years, face-to-face interviews are
conducted with newly selected, cross-sectional samples. A central aim of the ESS is to
develop and conduct a systematic study of changing values, attitudes, beliefs, attributes
and behavior patterns of diverse populations in more than 30 European nation states. It
is expected to measure and explain how people's social values, cultural norms and
behavior patterns are distributed, and the direction and speed of change. 11 rounds in the
ESS were completed.
i) Which research method is used in ESS?
ii)What kind of data are collected with the ESS?
iii)"The main interview includes a core module that lasts half an hour that is repeated
more or less in identical form at each round of the survey. The remainder of the
main interview was devoted to rotating modules which are intended to provide an
in-depth focus on particular topics. *" What kind of measurement scale can be
used for constructs "attitude, beliefs and behavior"?
iv)Under which concepts do you evaluate this definition of MTMM "Multitrait-
multimethod (MTMM) approach, an experimental setting that consists in asking
the same respondents three survey questions measuring different concepts of
interest (Traits) twice using different response scales (methods) each time.
v)What is the difference between random and systematic errors? How are they
related to reliability and validity?
vi)In the survey, "each national sample is based on an equivalent random probability
design. Sampling unit of the survey is resident of a country aged 15 and over,
regardless of their citizenship, who live in private households. *" Do you think that
ESS is representative for each national country? Why?
vii)Sampling unit is individual, area, household or addresses for different countries in
ESS. In that case, what is the difference between target population and sampling
population? Why can population unit, sampling unit, observation unit (Respondent)
and analysis unit be different? Why do countries use different frames?
viii)If this survey had not been done with probability sampling, and instead, the aim
had been non-probability sampling, which non-probability sampling techniques
would have been suitable for the existing research design?
ix)The 70% target response rate and 3% target non-contact rate are expected in the
survey. High response rate minimizes the chance of nonresponse bias. Why is such
a high response rate expected?
x)"Effective sample size is defined as the target minimum effective sample size and
it is 1,500, or 800 in countries with populations of under 2 million*". Which
parameters are necessary for determining effective sample size?
xi)Over-sampling (By using different selection probabilities for certain subgroups or
strata) is sometimes needed. If over-sampling is used in order to provide effective
sample size, how can we guarantee representativeness? Which weight (Analysis
weight, post-stratification weight, design weight, population weight) is adjusted?
xii)Stratification by frame variables such as age, gender and region is proposed in ESS.
Which frame can be useful for these variables?
xiii)What is the difference between strata and cluster?
xiv)"The number of PSUs varies between countries. For example, in Germany only 163
PSs exist, in Belgium there are 324 PSUs, whereas in Greece the number of PSUs
is 528 and so on. With multi-stage sampling, PSUs can usually be stratified by
geography or by geographically-defined variables. Larger number of sampled PSUs,
and smaller sample size and homogeneity within PSs are desirable.
*" In this case,
why is there a big difference about the number of PSUs (Primary sampling units)
among countries?
xv)According to the research design, what kind of causal models can be used for the
data in ESS's research design?
The European Social Survey (ESS) uses a cross-national survey method to collect data on values, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior patterns of diverse populations in Europe.
i) The research method used in ESS is a cross-national survey with face-to-face interviews conducted every two years with selected, cross-sectional samples.
ii) The ESS collects various types of data, including demographic information, socioeconomic characteristics, values, attitudes, beliefs, behavioral patterns, and cultural norms of diverse populations across European nation states.
iii) Constructs such as attitudes, beliefs, and behavior can be measured using Likert scales, semantic differential scales, or other measurement scales that capture the respondents' level of agreement, disagreement, or intensity of their responses.
iv) The Multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) approach evaluates the reliability and validity of measurement instruments by comparing the responses of the same respondents to multiple survey questions that measure different constructs using different response scales.
v) Random errors, also known as chance errors, are unpredictable variations that occur due to sampling variability, while systematic errors, also known as bias, occur consistently and affect the accuracy of measurements. They are related to reliability and validity as random errors can impact reliability by introducing inconsistency, and systematic errors can affect validity by introducing bias into the measurements.
7vi) The ESS aims to be representative for each national country by employing random probability sampling, ensuring that the sample is selected from the population in a way that provides every individual an equal chance of being included. However, the representativeness depends on the quality of the sampling design and the response rates achieved.
vii) The target population refers to the group of individuals to which the research findings will be generalized, while the sampling population is the subset of the target population from which the actual sample is drawn. Different units (individuals, areas, households, addresses) are used as sampling units, observation units, and analysis units based on practical considerations and research design requirements. Different frames are used by countries due to variations in available data sources and sampling infrastructure.
viii) If the aim had been non-probability sampling, suitable techniques for the research design could include convenience sampling, purposive sampling, or quota sampling.
ix) A high response rate is expected in the survey (70% target response rate) to minimize the chance of nonresponse bias, ensuring that the respondents are representative of the target population and increasing the generalizability of the findings.
x) The parameters necessary for determining effective sample size include the desired level of precision, the anticipated variability of the variables of interest, the desired confidence level, and the estimated response rate.
xi) If oversampling is used to provide an effective sample size, representativeness can be achieved by applying appropriate weights to adjust for the different selection probabilities of subgroups or strata. The weight adjusted is typically the analysis weight or post-stratification weight.
xii) For variables such as age, gender, and region, the frame used for stratification could be population registers, census data, or other official demographic databases that provide accurate and comprehensive information on the target population.
xiii) Strata refer to subgroups or categories created based on certain characteristics (e.g., age groups or geographical regions) to ensure representation within the sample, while clusters are groups or units used in the sampling process, often geographically defined, from which the final sample is selected.
xiv) The variation in the number of PSUs (Primary Sampling Units) among countries can be attributed to factors such as differences in population size, geographical heterogeneity, or sampling design considerations specific to each country. The selection of a larger number of PSUs allows for better representation and more accurate estimation of population parameters.
xv) The research design of ESS allows for the exploration of associations and correlations among variables, making it suitable for descriptive and correlational analyses. While it can provide valuable insights into the relationship between variables, it is not designed to establish causal relationships, as it lacks experimental manipulation
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The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) is considered to be an example of a countercyclical policy that represents a mix of fiscal and monetary effects because it ____________.
was a congressionally authorized expenditure by the U.S. Treasury that sought, in part, to provide financial resources to elements of the banking system.
The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) is a government program that was established by the United States government to address the issues in the country's financial system during the Great Recession.
The program was an example of a countercyclical policy that combined monetary and fiscal effects.TARP was a congressionally authorized expenditure by the United States Treasury that aimed to provide financial resources to the banking system. The program's objective was to minimize the negative economic impact of the crisis by stabilizing the financial system's functioning. The government created the program to tackle the severe credit crunch that emerged as the result of the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis.
The Federal Reserve used monetary policy to address the crisis by lowering interest rates. Fiscal policy, in the form of TARP, aimed to provide financial resources to the banking system to mitigate the crisis's effects. The program enabled the Treasury to purchase toxic assets, capital stock, and equity from banks, including those that were on the verge of failure.TARP was a countercyclical policy in that it provided economic stimulus by increasing the government's spending. It helped reduce the negative effects of the economic downturn and promoted the country's economic growth. In conclusion, TARP is an example of a countercyclical policy that is a mix of monetary and fiscal effects.
The program was congressionally authorized, and it sought to provide financial resources to the banking system, primarily aimed at reducing the negative economic impact of the Great Recession.
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anthropologist mary douglas suggests that how people understand witchcraft is based on the social relations of their society. when the person accused of witchcraft is an outsider to a given community:
According to anthropologist Mary Douglas, the understanding of witchcraft is influenced by the social relations within a society. When a person accused of witchcraft is an outsider to a particular community, it can affect how they are perceived and treated.
Here's a step-by-step explanation of this concept:
1. Anthropologist Mary Douglas suggests that the perception of witchcraft is not universal but rather shaped by the social relations within a society. Different societies have varying beliefs and understandings of witchcraft.
2. In the context of an accusation of witchcraft, if the person accused is considered an outsider to a given community, their status as an outsider can play a significant role in how they are viewed and judged.
3. The social relations within a society, including factors like kinship, power dynamics, and cultural norms, can influence how accusations of witchcraft are interpreted and responded to.
4. When an outsider is accused of witchcraft, they may be seen as a threat to the community's social order or values. This perception can be fueled by a fear of the unknown or a desire to maintain cohesion within the community.
5. The treatment of the accused outsider can vary depending on the specific social dynamics at play. They may face discrimination, ostracism, or even violence due to their perceived association with witchcraft.
To summarize, according to Mary Douglas, the understanding of witchcraft is shaped by the social relations within a society. When an outsider is accused of witchcraft, their status as an outsider can influence how they are perceived and treated by the community.
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if a texas community wishes to oincorportate and establish a local government, it must requiet approval from
If a Texas community wishes to incorporate and establish a local government, it must require approval from the Texas legislature to pass a general law incorporating a particular type of municipality, the secretary of state to conduct an election on the question of incorporation, and the voters within the proposed municipality.
Explanation:
In Texas, incorporation is the process of creating a new city or town from scratch or expanding the boundaries of an existing one. Incorporation is a relatively simple process in Texas, but it necessitates a series of legal and procedural steps that are required by law. The primary authority governing incorporation in Texas is the Texas Local Government Code, which lays out the basic framework for the incorporation process.
The following are the requirements for incorporating a community in Texas:
To form a city or town in Texas, a community must satisfy the following requirements:
It must have a population of at least 201 people, according to the most recent federal census.
It must have a total land area of no more than two square miles (or 5.2 square kilometers).
It must have the capacity to raise and maintain essential public services, such as water, sewage, and police protection. It must be situated in an unincorporated area of the county or counties in which it is located, as well as be at least 1,500 feet from any existing incorporated municipality.
If these requirements are met, the community must then seek approval from the Texas legislature to pass a general law incorporating a particular type of municipality, such as a general law municipality or a home rule municipality. The secretary of state will then conduct an election on the question of incorporation, and the voters within the proposed municipality will vote to approve or disapprove the proposal.
If the community votes to approve incorporation, the new municipality will be established, and its boundaries will be set.
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"what good thing happened since our last session," is an example of what kind of question used by a solution-focused therapist?
An example of a solution-focused question is "What good thing happened since our last session?" Solution-focused questions are meant to help clients look at their problems from a more positive and constructive perspective.
Solution-focused therapy is a goal-oriented, positive approach to therapy that emphasizes clients' strengths, resources, and solutions rather than their problems or limitations. Solution-focused therapists ask questions that encourage clients to focus on the positive aspects of their lives and what they want to achieve, rather than dwelling on negative emotions and past experiences. One example of a solution-focused question is "What good thing happened since our last session?"
This question is intended to help clients see that they are making progress, even if it is small, and to help them build on their successes. Other solution-focused questions might include "What would your life be like if you were already achieving your goals?" or "What have you done in the past that has helped you deal with similar situations?"Solution-focused therapy can be particularly effective for clients who are struggling with depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. By focusing on their strengths and resources, clients can build a sense of hope and confidence that can help them overcome their challenges and achieve their goals.
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which of the following is the most likely candidate for what makes up the majority of dark matter? 1.subatomic particles that we have not yet detected in particle physics experiments
2. swarms of relatively dim, red stars
3. supermassive black holes
Subatomic particles that we have not yet detected in particle physics experiments are the most likely candidate for what makes up the majority of dark matter.
Dark matter is one of the major challenges facing modern astrophysics, accounting for 85% of the matter content of the universe. Its presence was deduced by its gravitational influence on the visible matter present in galaxies and clusters of galaxies. Dark matter does not interact with light in any manner, so it does not emit, absorb or scatter it, which makes it difficult to identify.
There is no clear knowledge as to what dark matter is actually made up of. Scientists believe that it could be made up of some subatomic particles that we have not yet detected in particle physics experiments. Due to its hidden character, dark matter has historically required careful observational work and creative theoretical models for its detection.
Therefore, The detection of dark matter would answer a variety of important questions and pave the way for new discoveries and opportunities in astronomy and astrophysics.
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one criticism of the embodied approach is that it doesn’t explain how humans can recognize ________.
One criticism of the embodied approach is that it doesn’t explain how humans can recognize abstract concepts.
The embodied approach is a theoretical framework for understanding cognition that assumes that cognitive processes are inherently grounded in the sensorimotor system. It is an approach to cognitive science that emphasizes the importance of the body and its interactions with the environment for shaping and structuring cognitive processes. The embodied approach posits that the body is the basis of all cognition and that it plays a crucial role in shaping the way we think and behave. According to this approach, perception and action are intimately connected, and knowledge is grounded in the sensorimotor experiences of the individual. Embodied approaches criticize cognitive theories that ignore the role of the body in shaping cognition and instead propose that cognitive processes are purely computational.
Abstract concepts, which are concepts that cannot be directly perceived, are one area where the embodied approach falls short. Critics argue that the embodied approach cannot explain how humans can recognize abstract concepts such as love, justice, or democracy. These concepts do not have a direct relationship with the environment, and so it is unclear how they can be grounded in sensorimotor experiences.
Therefore, Critics of the embodied approach suggest that it needs to incorporate more abstract and symbolic representations to account for these kinds of concepts.
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police departments have made only marginal changes to adopt homeland security as a dominant theme. a) true b) false
b) false Police departments have made significant changes to adopt homeland security as a dominant theme in the years since the 9/11 attacks.
Homeland security has become a key priority for law enforcement agencies at all levels, and police departments have made a range of changes to adapt to this new focus.
For example, police departments have increased their focus on intelligence gathering and analysis, in order to detect and prevent terrorist activity. They have also increased their focus on emergency response and disaster preparedness, in order to be better equipped to respond to major incidents such as natural disasters or terrorist attacks.
In addition, police departments have increased their collaboration with other law enforcement agencies and with other government agencies, in order to share information and resources and to coordinate their efforts. They have also increased their focus on community policing and engagement, in order to build trust and relationships with the communities they serve.
Overall, while there may still be some challenges and areas for improvement, police departments have made significant changes to adopt homeland security as a dominant theme in the years since the 9/11 attacks.
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what did gazzaniga and colleagues reveal about hemispheric dominance for language in his studies of humans in whom the corpus callosum had been severed? choose the correct option.
In his studies of humans in whom the corpus callosum had been severed, Gazzaniga and colleagues revealed that each hemisphere of the brain has its function in terms of language ability. The correct option is option D.
Each hemisphere of the brain has its function in terms of language ability. When Gazzaniga and his colleagues examined patients who had undergone surgical division of the corpus callosum, they found that the two hemispheres of the brain seemed to work together to support language in most people.
Because the brain is divided into two hemispheres, the left, and the right, it was believed that each side had specific functions. The left hemisphere is dominant in most people for language and logical thinking, while the right hemisphere is more concerned with visual and spatial information. The correct option is option D.
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14. When you're creating unity that focuses on words, you're using unity. A. symmetrical B. intellectual C. visual D. asymmetrical Mark for review (Will be highlighted on the review page)
Unity is used when creating unity that focuses on words. The choices available are asymmetrical, intellectual, symmetrical, and visual.
Unity is used when creating unity that focuses on words. The four choices available to use for unity are symmetrical, intellectual, visual, and asymmetrical. When the words in unity are of equal weight, size, and form, symmetry is used. Intellectual unity uses the content of the words to produce a consistent theme or a single concept throughout the work. Visual unity is about creating an attractive design in order to draw in the viewer.
The words are written to be a part of the design in this case. Asymmetrical unity is used when the words are placed on the page in a deliberate and consistent manner but do not necessarily have to be the same size, weight, or form. It is used in order to create a specific effect.
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a statistical method that synthesizes findings from several studies is often referred to as:
The statistical method that synthesizes findings from several studies is often referred to as meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis is the statistical technique that combines and analyzes statistical data from different independent studies to draw general statistical conclusions. It is frequently used in psychology, healthcare, education, and social sciences to evaluate multiple independent studies on a particular subject. Meta-analysis, in essence, uses data from a variety of independent studies and applies statistical procedures to aggregate and summarize the findings into one numerical result to enhance the reliability and generalizability of the study's findings.
The purpose of meta-analysis is to increase the precision and generalizability of the findings of independent studies by integrating the results of various studies. The method aims to identify and evaluate the consistency and variance among various research studies in order to synthesize their results. Meta-analysis has the potential to produce a more reliable statistical estimate by minimizing bias and random errors that can occur in a single study.
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