Lewis structure for acetamide, CH3CONH2. four (4) are the electron-pair geometry and molecular geometry around the two C atom. Sp3d2 is the hybridization of each of the C atoms.
When the valence bond theory failed to accurately predict molecular structure, hybridization was used to explain it. Organic compounds' bond angles have been experimentally found to be near to 109o, 120o, or 180o. The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory states that because electron couples resist one another, the bonds and lone pairs surrounding a core atom are often spaced apart at their greatest angles. The behavior of electrons inside of molecules is modeled using orbitals. Since the hydrogen atom is the only neutral atom for which the Schrödinger equation can be precisely solved, this approximation for simple hybridization is based on atomic orbitals that are similar to those found for that atom. The 2s and 2p atomic orbitals, which are akin to the excited state orbitals for hydrogen, are utilised in heavier elements including carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. It is believed that hybrid orbitals are combinations of atomic orbitals that are overlaid on one another in different ratios.
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Identify each Item below as being acidic, basic or neutral when dissolved to consult your in water You may fInd it helpful experimental results, as well as your textbook and Appendix E.... a) NaCl:_____ b) NaHcOz:______ c)sodlum citrate:_______ d) MgHPo4: ______
The following items when dissolved in water are:
a) NaCl: neutral
b) NaHCO₃: basic
c) Sodium citrate: basic
d) MgHPO₄: neutral
The ions that are formed when the NaCl is dissolved in water are OH⁻ and H+. The two will neutralize each other, and not react with water. In other words, the NaCl salt is only ionized and not hydrolyzed, so the resulting solution is neutral (pH = 7).
The sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) compound works by decomposing itself into sodium and bicarbonate in water, so that the solution becomes alkaline (basic) and is able to neutralize acids.
Sodium citrate when dissolved in water will undergo partial hydrolysis and is alkaline (basic)
MgHPO₄ in water will be neutral because it does not undergo hydrolysis.
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Which of the following is insoluble? (1) calcium chloride, (2) ammonium phosphate, (3) barium sulfate, (4) potassium chromate
The insoluble substance is barium sulfate. The answer (3).
Solubility rules for chlorides (Cl⁻) are all chlorides are soluble, except for ions Ag⁺, Pb²⁺, and (Hg₂)²⁺. So insoluble chlorides are
AgClPbCl₂Hg₂Cl₂Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) is soluble.
Solubility rules for phosphate (PO₄³⁻) are all phosphate is insoluble, except for ions Na⁺, K⁺, and NH₄⁺. So soluble phosphate is
Na₃PO₄K₃PO₄(NH₄)₃PO₄Ammonium phosphate (NH₄)₃PO₄ is soluble.
Solubility rules for sulfate (SO₄²⁻) are all sulfate is soluble, except for ions Ba²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Sr²⁺. So insoluble sulfate is
BaSO₄PbSO₄CaSO₄SrSO₄Barium sulfate BaSO₄ insoluble.
Solubility rules for chromate (CrO₄²⁻) are all chromate are insoluble, except for ions group 1 (Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺). So soluble chromate are
Li₂CrO₄Na₂CrO₄K₂CrO₄Potassium chromate K₂CrO₄ is soluble.
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Which of the following statements about CH3OH and CH2O are true? The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. The CH2O molecules can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces. Pure CH3OH will have a lower boiling point and a lower viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. The CH2O molecules can form London forces only. Pure CH3OH will have a lower boiling point and a lower viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. The CH2O molecules can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. Pure CH3OH will have a lower boiling point and a lower viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces. The CH2O molecules can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. Pure CH3OH will have a lower boiling point and a lower viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces only. The CH2O molecules can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. Pure CH3OH will have a lower boiling point and a lower viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. The CH2O molecules can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces. Pure CH3OH will have a higher boiling point and a lower viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. The CH2O molecules can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. Pure CH3OH will have a higher boiling point and a higher viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. The CH2O molecules can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces. Pure CH3OH will have a higher boiling point and a higher viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces. The CH2O molecules can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces. Pure CH3OH will have a higher boiling point and a higher viscosity than pure CH2O. The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds. The CH2O molecules can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces. Pure CH3OH will have a lower boiling point and a higher viscosity than pure CH2O.
The statements that are true are as follows:
The molecules of CH3OH can form London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds.
The CH2O molecules can form London forces and dipole/dipole forces
The molecules of CH3OH can shape London forces, dipole/dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds.(True) Methanol is a polar molecule (1.sixty nine D), and so it famous all 3 of the van der Waals forces,
1) London dispersion force (vulnerable), methanol is an natural compound with low polarity
2) dipole-dipole forces
3) hydrogen bond (strong),that is an severe kind of dipole dipole interplay among partly nice hydrogen & partly negative oxygen withinside the methanol(CH3OH) molecule
The CH2O molecules can shape London forces and dipole/dipole forces.(True)
Formaldehyde(CH2O),like several atoms and molecules, may have very vulnerable London dispersion forces created as electrons shift withinside the electron cloud.as it possesses a everlasting dipole (primarily based totally at the polarized carbon-oxygen bond) formaldehyde additionally famous dipole-dipole interactions.
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if you wished to reduce the amount of co2 in the atmosphere, which source would be most important to control? explain why.
If you wished to reduce the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere, The source would be most important to control is the fossil fuel.
The Fossil fuels are the main source of the carbon dioxide . so, to control the production of the carbon dioxide , CO₂ the most important source to control is the fossil fuel. when we burn the fossil fuels they will release the large amount of the carbon dioxide and the greenhouse gases in the air. the fossil fuels like the coal and the oil will increased the amount of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
The process of the burning of coal involves the combination of the carbon and the oxygen in the air present to produce the carbon dioxide.
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how does first ionization energy change going down and across the periodic table?
Ionization energy regularly fluctuates over a population, rising and falling with time. Effective nuclear charge rises with time, whereas electron shielding stays constant.
This ionization energy rule is what?
Ionization energy exhibits periodicity on the periodic table. The typical tendency for electron affinity would be upward from left to right during the duration of an element period. During a period, the atomic radius moves from left to right, increasing the pull of electrons toward the (near) nucleus.
Why does the energy of ionization rise?
The very first ionization energy normally moves across a period of the periodic table from left to right. The outermost electron as well as the nucleus have a stronger connection as a result of the higher nuclear charge.
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Which of the following solution in water will have the highest freezing point?
Option 1 Solution which is 0.1 M in KNO3 and 0.2 M in Ba(NO3)2. Option 2 Solution which is 0.1 M in Ca(NO3)2 and 0.1 M Ba(NO3)2. Option 3 Solution which is 0.2 M in urea and 0.2 M glucose. Option 4 Solution which is 0.1 M both in Al2(SO4)3 and 0.1 M K2SO4. A: Al2O3
B: Cr2O3
C: V2O5
D: MnO2
solution containing 0.2 M each of urea and glucose The highest freezing point will be a solution in water.
What is the solution described?
Any combination of one or more solutes that have been dissolved in a solvent is referred to as a solution. To create a homogenous mixture, a solute must dissolve in a solvent. To create a homogenous mixture, a solute must dissolve in a solvent.
A solution is what?
A homogenous combination of two or more components with particles smaller than 1 nm is referred to as a solution. Examples of solutions include solutions of sugar and salt in water, soda water,
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in a reaction, the oxidation number of copper goes from 1 to 2. what can we say about this reaction:
Answer: This reaction is a redox reaction.
Explanation:
We can say that this reaction is a redox reaction. This is because it is stated the oxidation number on copper is changing. That means there is both an oxidizing and reducing agent that are parts of this reaction.
at what temperature will water boil when the atmospheric pressure is about 80% of 1 atm (610 mm hg)?
When the atmospheric pressure is 80% of 1 atm (610 mmHg), the boiling point of water is 98.1°C. This means that water will boil at a lower temperature at higher altitudes where atmospheric pressure is less than 1 atm.
Pressure is a force per unit area statistic. It is the amount of force applied per unit surface area.
We can use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
ln(P2/P1) = -ΔHvap/R [tex]\times[/tex] (1/T2 - 1/T1)
where P1 and T1 are the normal pressure and boiling point of water (1 atm and 100°C, respectively),
P2 is the pressure we're interested in (610 mmHg),
T2 is the boiling point of water at that pressure,
ΔHvap is the heat of vaporization of water (40.7 kJ/mol), and
R is the gas constant (8.314 J/molK).
First, we need to convert the pressure to atm:
610 mmHg / 760 mmHg/atm = 0.803 atm
Next, we can plug in the values and solve for T2:
ln (0.803/1) = -40.7 kJ/mol / (8.314 J/molK) [tex]\times[/tex] (1/T2 - 1/373 K)
T2 = 373 K [tex]\times[/tex] [1 - (8.314 J/molK [tex]\times[/tex] ln(0.803) / (40.7 kJ/mol))]
= 98.1°C
Therefore, the boiling point of water is 98.1°C when the atmospheric pressure is 80% of one atmosphere (610 mmHg).
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which of the following facts is not true about lipids? group of answer choices more double bonds, increase in melting point sparingly soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents act as thermal insulators solubility decreases with increasing carbon chain length
Fatty acids are present in all lipids. Choice (d) is the claim that is untrue: "All lipids contain fatty acids."
What qualities do lipids have?Fatty, waxy, or oily molecules are referred to as lipids. They are soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in polar solvents like water. Lipids consist of: Oils and fats (triglycerides)
Lipids are they soluble in oil?Lipids are a type of chemical molecules that are found in both plants and animals and are naturally soluble in non-polar solvents. In other words, lipids don't dissolve in water; instead, they do so in solvents like oil, gasoline, ether, and carbon tetrachloride.
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the nuclear mass of 141ba is 140.883 amu. calculate the binding energy per nucleon for 141ba.
The binding energy per nucleon for the atom, 141-Ba is 8.326 MeV per nucleon.
What is nuclear binding energy?Nuclear binding energy is the minimum energy required to separate the nucleus of an atom into its constituent protons and neutrons.
The protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom are collectively called nucleons.
The binding energy per nucleon for the atom, 141-Ba is given below:
The atom, 141-Ba has 56 protons and 85 neutrons.
The total mass of the 141-Ba nucleus is obtained from;
(56 * 1.007277) + (85 * 1.008665)
The total mass of the Li nucleus = 142.144 amu
The actual mass of 141-Ba = 140.883 amu
Mass defect = (142.144 - 140.883) amu
Mass defect = 1.261 amu
The total binding energy per nucleon in MeV is calculated as follows;
Total binding energy = 1.261 amu × 931 MeV
Total binding energy = 1173.991 MeV
The binding energy per nucleon in MeV per nucleon = 1173.991 MeV/141
The binding energy per nucleon in MeV per nucleon = 8.326 MeV per nucleon
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expert that helps you learn core concepts.
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Draw the Lewis structure for CSe2 in the window below and then answer the questions that follow.
What is the electron-pair geometry for C in CSe2? ____
What is the the shape (molecular geometry) of CSe2? ____
The core atom of CSe2 has a symmetric charge distribution and a linear molecule structure. The core atom of CSe2 has a symmetric charge distribution and a linear molecule structure.
What shape does CS2 take geometrically?Due to the sp hybridization of CS2, the molecular shape of the CS2 molecule is linear because the center carbon atom forms a 180 degree connection with two sulfur atoms. Since AX2 is the general formula for linear geometry, CS2 illustrates linear geometry.
What is the C atom's hybridization in CSe2?This shows that the carbon (C) atom in the center has undergone sp hybridization. The molecule possesses linear geometry and a 180° bond angle as a result of the sp hybridization.
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how to write an equilibrium constant expression
An equilibrium constant expression is a mathematical representation of a chemical reaction. It is expressed as the ratio of the product concentrations to the reactant concentrations, with each reactant or product placed in square brackets.
Equilibrium constant expression = [products]/[reactants]Steps to write an equilibrium constant expression:Start by writing out the chemical equation for the reaction that you want to create an equilibrium constant expression for. Make sure that all of the reactants and products are properly balanced. Place square brackets around each of the reactants and products in the equation. Divide the products by the reactants to create the equilibrium constant expression.For example, for the reaction A + B → C + D, the equilibrium constant expression would be written as [C][D]/[A][B]. The equilibrium constant expression can be used to calculate the degree to which the reaction is at equilibrium, which is important for predicting the behavior of the system.
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a 20.00 ml sample of sulfuric acid (h {2}so {4}) is titrated with a 0.100 m solution of sodium hydroxide. the endpoint was reached when 45.65 ml of titrant was added. calculate the molar concentration of sulfuric acid.
Step 1. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
Step 2. Calculate the moles of NaOH
I assume that the molarity of the NaOH is 1.00 mol/L.
Moles of NaOH = 0.032 75L NaOH × (1.00 mol NaOH / 1L NaOH)
= 0.032 75 mol NaOH
Step 3. Calculate the moles of H2SO4
Moles of H2SO4 = 0.032 75 mol NaOH × (1 mol H2SO4 / 2mol NaOH)
=0.016 375 mol H2SO4
Step 4. Calculate the molarity of the H2SO4
Molarity = moles / litres
=0.016 375 mol / 0.0100 L
=1.64 mol/L
What is the acid's molar concentration?By dividing the number of moles by the number of liters of water utilized in the solution, we can compute the molar concentration. Here, for instance, 1.25 L of water has entirely dissolved the acetic acid. In order to determine the molar concentration, which is 0.1332 M, divide 0.1665 moles by 1.25 L.
What is the water's H2SO4 molar concentration?According to this solution's molal concentration, 4.80 moles of sulfuric acid are present per kilogram of water. Therefore, using the amount of moles (n) and molar mass of sulfuric acid, we may get its mass (m) (MM). Sulfuric acid has a molar mass of 98.079 g/mol.
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what is the [h3o ] of a 0.100 m solution of hclo? hclo has a ka = 2.9 × 10−8?
pH = 4.3. The hydrogen ion shown above H⁺ is equivalent to the hydronium ion shown.
Is hydronium an H+ ion?This material is an ion because it has a charged and is made up of a hydrogen atom with a charge (H+) added. Its formula is H3O+, and it is referred to as the hydronium ion. Whenever an acid comes into contact with water, the hydronium ions are always created. generating H3O+, the acid's H+, by continuously reacting with the adjacent water molecule.
A hydronium is what kind of ion?In all alkaline aqueous solutions, the hydroxide ion ion (H3O+), also referred to as nucleophile water, is present. Brnsted acids release one or more of their electrons as h+ ions, which combine with water molecules.
Briefing:HOCL ⇆ H⁺ + 0CL⁻
Kₐ =H⁺ * 0CL⁻/HOCL
Ka of HOCl = 2.9×10⁻⁸
Kₐ = x²/C
2.9×10⁻⁸ = x²/ 0.100M
x = H⁺= 5.4 * 10⁻⁵
pH = -log H⁺ = 4.3
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Write the formula of each of the following ions or compounds.
(a) pentaaquachlorochromium(III) chloride
(b) tetraamminedinitrorhodium(III) bromide
(c) dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)ruthenium(III)
(d) diaquatetrachlororhodate(III)
(e) triamminetribromoplatinum(IV)
The formulas for the given entities are described as follows:
a) [Cr(H2O)5Cl]2+
b) [Rh(NH2)4(NO2)2Br]3+
c) C4H16Cl3N4Ru.
d) [Rh(H2O)2(Cl)2]3+
e) Cl4H6N2Pt+2
Coordination compounds are molecules that poses one or a couple of metal facilities this is sure to ligands (atoms, ions, or molecules that donate electrons to the metal). These complexes may be impartial or charged. When the complicated is charged, it's miles stabilized through neighboring counter-ions
The formula for pentaaquachlorochromium(III) chloride is [Cr(H2O)5Cl]2+.
The formula for tetraamminedinitrorhodium(III) bromide is [Rh(NH2)4(NO2)2Br]3+
The formula for dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)ruthenium(III) is C4H16Cl3N4Ru.
The formula for diaquatetrachlororhodate(III) is [Rh(H2O)2(Cl)2]3+ .
The formula for triamminetribromoplatinum(IV) is Cl4H6N2Pt+2.
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g a certain hydroxide salt with the formula moh3 has a solubility product constant of 9.96 x 10^-36. calculate the molar solubility of this hydroxide salt in pure water
A certain hydroxide salt with the formula M(OH)₃ has a solubility product constant of 9.96 x 10⁻³⁶. The molar solubility of this hydroxide salt in pure water is 7.7 × 10⁻¹⁰ M of M(OH)₃
The Ksp of M(OH)₃ = 9.96 x 10⁻³⁶
M(OH)₃ ⇄ M³⁺ + 3OH⁻
initial --- 0 10⁻⁷
change + s +3s
at equ. s 10⁻⁷ + 3s
Ksp = [M³⁺ ] [ OH⁻ ]³
9.96 x 10⁻³⁶ = (s) (10⁻⁷ + 3s)
now assume : (10⁻⁷ + 3s) ≅ 3s
9.96 x 10⁻³⁶ = (s) (3s)³
9.96 x 10⁻³⁶ = 27 s⁴
s⁴ = 9.96 x 10⁻³⁶ / 27
s = ( 0.36 × 10⁻³⁶)^1/4
s = 7.7 × 10⁻¹⁰ M of M(OH)₃
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Three grams of the same substance in different phases are stored in three different containers. Each container is barely large enough to hold the substance.
Which statement can be known about the behavior of the atoms in each container?
What can be known about the particles of the matter is that; the atoms in the solid would be vibrating in position. Option C
What are the phases of matter?We know that matter is anything that has weight and occupy space. When we have matter in the solid state, the matter that is in the solid is made up of particles that are not able to translate. This implies that they can not move from one point to another but they are able to vibrate steadily and remain in their fixed positions.
The matter that is in the liquid phase is composed of materials that are able to move from one point to another but the speed of the particles is low and the degree of freedom of the particles is also limited.
For matter in the gaseous phase, the particles are moving quite freely and they tend to move speedily from one point to the other and they have a very high degree of freedom in that phase of matter.
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Missing parts;
Three grams of the same substance in different phases are stored in three different containers. Each container is barely large enough to hold the substance. Which statement can be known about the behavior of the atoms in each container?
A) The atoms in the solid would be moving vigorously around the container.
B) The atoms in the liquid would be vibrating in position.
C) The atoms in the solid would be vibrating in position.
D) The atoms in the gas would be moving slowly around the container.
Please help fast!!!
rank the following ionic compounds based on increasing lattice energy. mgo, cacl2, nacl, nabr
The rank of the indicated ionic compounds according to the increasing order of their lattice energy is MgO, NaBr, NaCl and CaCl2, considering for this the amount of this energy in each compound.
Lattice energy of the indicated ionic compoundsMgO = - 602.0 kJ/molNabr: -728.8 kJ/molNaCl = -756 kJ/mol.CaCl2 = - 2,223 kJ/molRank of compounds according to their amount of lattice energy.For the rank of these ionic compounds, it has been taken into account that the negative value is because it is energy released when a mole of the solid compound is formed from its elements in a natural state; consequently, NaBr gives off more energy (-728.8 kJ/mol) than MgO (-602.0 kJ/mol), that is, there is an increase in energy.
What is lattice energy?It is also called reticular energy and is the energy needed to form one mole of a solid ionic compound from its gaseous ions.
What is the use of knowing the reticular energy?Its magnitude is an indicator of the stability of the crystal lattice.
How is grid power measured?Lattice energy is not measured directly, but rather through the structure and composition of an ionic compound.
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would you expect frenkel defects for anions to exist in ionic ceramics in relatively large concentrations? why or why not?
No because anions are very large and will most likely not exist as an interstitial impurity.
What is interstitial impurity?
A point defect that develops when an impurity atom takes up residence in an octahedral or tetrahedral hole in the lattice of adjacent atoms.
Give an example of an interstitial impurity flaw?
It is a specific kind of point flaw. It can be fixed into a lattice's tetrahedral or octahedral hole and is quite tiny. For instance: Interstitial impurities are bound to carbon atoms with steel that contains iron.
What does the chemical term "interstitial" mean?
All atoms that are interstitials are positioned between other atoms rather than where they normally would be. A self interstitial atom in an elemental fcc crystal is depicted in the picture as a straightforward example.
Interstitials are found in the spaces between the spheres of the crystal, which can be thought of as a periodic arrangement of hard spheres.
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some nuclear power plants use plutonium-239, which is produced in breeder reactors. the rate-determing step is the second β- emission. how long does it take to make 3.00 kg of 239pu if the reaction is complete when the product is 91.5 % 239pu?
It takes 0.357 days to produce 1 kilogram of 239Pu if the time period reaction is finished so when product is 90% 239Pu.
what is The meaning of Half LifeThe half-life of the a radioactive isotope is the length of time it takes for one half of the isotope to decay. A particular radioactive isotope's half-life is constant, unaffected by environmental factors, and irrespective of the initial concentration of the isotope.
2.35 days make up the half-life of 239Pu.
K = ln2/t0.5 = 2.35 ln 2/ K = 0.294956/day
N₀ = 1 kg
Na = 0.91 kg, and K = 1/t ln. N0/Na t=1/K ln(N0/Na) t=0.357 days
As a result, the duration is 0.357 days.
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Predict the ordering, from shortest to longest, of the bond lengths in CO , CO 2 , and CO3^2-. Rank from shortest to longest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
The bond lengths are in the following order, shortest to longest: COCO2CO32-
What is bond length ?
The equilibrium separation between two bound atoms' nuclei in a molecule is known as the bond length. Bond multiplicity results in a reduction in bond length. It can be measured using rotational, X-ray, and other spectroscopic techniques.
The triple bond is the shortest and strongest, the double bond is the shortest and weakest, and the single bond is the longest and weakest. As a result, the triple bond in CO makes it the shortest bond, the double bond in CO2 makes it shorter and stronger, and the combination of double and single bonds in CO32 makes it the longest and weakest bond. Carbon-carbon bonds, which are found in diamonds, are thought to be the longest bond length. It lasts for 154 minutes. It is the longest because of the three-dimensional structure of diamond and the covalent bonds that hold the carbon atoms together.
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Determine whether each compound is soluble or insoluble. For the soluble compounds, list the ions present in solution. a. AgI b. Cu3(PO4)2 c. CoCO3 d. K3PO4
All iodide anions are soluble, but Ag + + + ions are specified as an exception in the solubility criteria. AgI cannot be dissolved as a result.
Give an example of the distinction between soluble and insoluble substances?Insolubility is the property of a solute to dissolve only partially in a solvent. Significant amounts of soluble matter dissolve in water. Insoluble materials do not dissolve significantly in water. The polarity of the material affects its solubility.
What kinds of compounds are soluble and insoluble?Things that dissolve in water are referred to as soluble. Salt and sugar are soluble substances, as examples. Things that don't dissolve in water are said to be insoluble. Sand and flour are examples of insoluble materials.
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describe the thought process you used to determine the number of nitrogen atoms in beryllium nitrite.
Answer:
The number of nitrogen molecules inside of berylluim nitrite are 5 cells.
Explanation:
if a second-period diatomic molecule has 16 electrons in its valence shell (total of 2s and 2p electrons), what is the predicted bond order of the molecule?
If a second-period diatomic molecule has 16 electrons in its valence shell (total of 2s and 2p electrons), the predicted bond order of the molecule would be 2
Number of bonding electrons= 10
Number of antibonding electrons= 6
Bond order = (10−6)/2
∴ Bond order = 2
What is bond order?
In molecular orbital theory, the bond order is defined as half the difference between the number of bonding electrons and the number of antibonding electrons according to the equation below. This often, but not always, gives similar results for bonds near their equilibrium length, but does not work for stretched bonds. Bond order is also an index of bond strength and is also widely used in valence bond theory.The bond orders of one half can be stable, as shown by the stability of H+To know more about bond order, click the link given below:
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3-Methyl-1-butene reacts with bromine under high temperature, 350 °C, to give 1- 7.(16) bromo-3-methyl-2-butene as the major product. Propose an acceptable mechanism that accounts for the formation of this product. Your answer must include each of the major steps of this chain reaction including the initiation and one of the terminations steps heat
3-methyl-1-butene is a terminal acetylenic compound that is but-1-yne substituted by a methyl group at position 3. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a terminal acetylenic compound and an alkyne. It derives from a hydride of a but-1-yne.
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2. (**) modern vacuum pumps make it easy to attain pressures of the order of 10-13 atm in the laboratory. consider a volume of air and treat the air as an ideal gas. a. at a pressure of 9.00 * 10-14 atm and an ordinary temperature of 300.0 k, how many molecules are present in a volume of 1.00 cm3 ? b. how many molecules would be present at the same temperature but at 1.00 atm instead?
The number of air molecules in a volume of 1.00 cm3 under the conditions of the vacuum pump is 3.65 * 10-15 moles and those that would be present at the same temperature but at 1.00 atm would be 0, 04 moles
The vacuum pump is a device that extracts gas molecules from a sealed volume, to create a partial vacuum, and is frequently used in industry, especially food.
To perform both calculations considering air as an ideal gas, the equation PV = nrt is used, in which
P = Pressure
V = Volume
n = number of moles
R = Gas constant
t = temperature
Calculation of the number of air molecules in a volume of 1.00 cm3 under the conditions of the vacuum pumpData
t = 300K
V = 1L
P = 9.00 * 10-14 atm
R = 0.082 L Atm / mol °K .
n = ?
PV = nrt
n = PV/rt
n = 9.00 * 10-14. 1 / 0.082 . 300
n = 9.00 * 10-14 / 24.6
n = 3.65 * 10-15 moles
Calculation of the number of molecules present at the same temperature but at 1.00 atmData
t = 300K
V = 1L
P = 1 atm
R = 0.082 L Atm / mol °K .
n = ?
PV = nrt
n = PV/rt
n=1. 1 / 0.082 . 300
n = 1 / 24.6
n = 0.04 mole
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The half-life of iodine-123 is 13.3 hours. How much of a 25.0 mg sample will remain after 39.9 hours?
A. 3.12 mg
B. 6.25 mg
C. 1.56 mg
D. 25.0 mg
E. 12.5 mg
With a 25 mg initial concentration and a 13.3-hour half-life, iodine-123 will have a concentration of 3.09 mg after 39.9 hours.
,
C = logC0-Kt/2.302
a set up for chemical reactions where the rate of the reaction is proportional to the amount of the reactant and is reliant on the concentration of just one reactant.
Iodine-123 has a 13.3-hour half-life.
It is possible to determine K from the half-life formula.
The half-life of an ingredient is the amount of time it takes for it to degrade by half within your body.
T1/2 = 0.693/ K
13.3 hours = 0.693 K.
K= 0.052
K, C0, and t substitutions in the first-order kinetics equation
logC=log(25)-0.052 39.9/2.302
logC = 1.39-0.90
logC= 0.49
C = analog (0.49)
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How many pieces of rice are in one mole of rice?
There are about 1500 pieces of rice in one mole of rice.
What is the mole?We know that the mole is the unit of the amount of substance. As a matter of fact, professor Avogadro was the first person to be able to draw up the idea of the mole. We know that there are about 6.02 * 10^23 particles that are present in one mole of a substance.
If we are looking at rice, then we have to arbitrarily decide the amount of rice or the number of the pieces of rice that we would classify as a mole of rice as it follows the concept of Avogadro.
Thus, the mole is used as a unit of the amount of substance.
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Why is 22.4 liters called the molar volume of a gas?
The volume of one mole of a gas at STP is its molar volume. A mole (6.02 1023 typical particles) of any gas takes up 22.4 L at STP.
The volume appears numerous times in this formula, which makes it a little challenging. At standard conditions of pressure and temperature, molar volume is constant (RTP). The constant is 24 dm3. The gas volume, however, varies depending on the sample that is being measured.
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in the titration of a strong acid with a strong base, how do you calculate these quantities? a. initial ph b. ph before the equivalence point c. ph at the equivalence point d. ph beyond the equivalence point
H3O+ is overexposed before the equivalency point. By deducting the amount of additional OH- from the amount of starting H3O+ then dividing by the total volume, you may determine the [H3O+].
How do volume and example work?The capacity of an object is expressed in terms of volume. A cup's capacity is described as 100 ml, for instance, if it can hold 100ml in its brim. The quantity of space a three-dimensional item takes up can also be referred to as volume.
What do mass and volume mean?A three-dimensional object's volume, which is expressed in cubic units, is the amount of space it takes up. The cubic units cm3 and in3 are two examples. On the other hand, mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in an item. How much an object weighs is frequently used to determine mass.
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