Answer and Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the correct answer and explanation in the attached file
Indicate the type of testing each sentence describes. 1. Chromosomes from a sample of cells are stained and analyzed microscopically. Karyotyping 2. A DNA probe that hybridizes to a particular gene can be used to determine if a gene is present, absent or altered. (Click to select) 3. Antibodies are used to detect the presence or absence of a protein. (Click to select) 4. The enzymatic activity of a protein can be assayed in vitro. (Click to select)
Answer:
1. Karyotyping
2. In situ hybridization
3. Immunological (immunoblotting)
4. Biochemical (enzyme assay)
Explanation:
Karyotyping is the procedure in which pictures of the chromosomes are taken in order to identify and classify them according to their sizes, lengths, centromere positions, banding patterns, etc. In karyotiping, the chromosomes are stained to be clearly seen under a light microscope. In situ hybridization is a technique where complementary DNA oligonucleotides (either DNA or RNA) are used as probes to localize a specific segment of nucleic acid in a histologic section. Immunoblotting (western blotting) is a sensitive assay where antibodies are used to mark a protein, thereby enabling the identification of target proteins by exploiting the recognition specificity mechanism between antigens and antibodies. An enzyme assay is a technique used to measure the consumption rate of a given substrate or its production rate over time. Enzyme assays can be classified into four types: initial rate, transient kinetics, relaxation and progress curve assays.
Which of these statements is the most complete definition of ecology? A.The study of the interactions between organisms in terms of competition and predation B.The study of the environment, in particular how to preserve it C. The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment D.The study of the environment, in particular how to save endangered species
Answer:
c I think I'm not sure tho
Give two examples of a deuterostome and two examples of a protostome.
Answer:
Protostomes: mollusks such as bivalves or gastropods.
arthropods such as crustaceans or insects.
Deuterostomes: echinoderms such as the starfish
hemichordates such as Enteropneusta (marine
vermiculated animals)
Explanation:
The embryonary development of bilateral coelom animals makes a place for the division of two groups: protostomes and deuterostomes. Among protostomes might be mentioned the flatworms, annelids, mollusks, and arthropods. Deuterostomes include echinoderms and chordates, among others.
These two groups differ in their specific development. Protostomes show spiral initial segmentation, and the mouth develops as a first opening near the blastopore. Deuterostomes show radial segmentation, the anus develops near the blastopore and the mouth develops later in another place.
1. The Devonian period is considered the Age of Fishes. Would you expect
to find a tetrapod (animal with four legs) fossil closer to the
Carboniferous period or the Silurian period? Why?
Answer:
You would find one closer to the Carboniferous period.
Explanation:
You would find them closer to there because all life started out in the ocean and it took several eras for the land creatures to develop legs and the first era to have them is the Permian era and towards the end of the Carboniferous period. While the Silurina era was much earlier then both and still heavily influenced by crustaceons and other such sea creatures.
Since the first tetrapods appeared at the end of the Devonian period, it is expected to find tetrapods fossils closer to the Carboniferous than to the Silurian period.
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The paleozoic era goes from 570 to 250 ma ago.
The era is composed of the following periods
CAMBRIC (570-490 ma)ORDOVICIC (490-443 ma)SILURIAN (440-400 ma)DEVONIAN (400-360 ma)CARBONIFEROUS (360-290 ma)PERMIC (290-250 ma)SILURIC (440-400 ma)
Gondwana was already formed. Laurasia was in its formation process
This is a recovery stage after the big massive Ordovician extinction.
Trilobites diversification and occurs bivalves' radiation.
The first gnathostomes appear.
First records of terrestrial vascular plants ⇒ small and with no supporting structures, inhabiting the water margins.
DEVONIAN (400-360 ma)
There are new adaptative strategies that separate even more the marine environment from the terrestrial one. Age of FishesDefinitive colonization and diversification of species in the terrestrial environment.During this period, among other events, emerged the lineage that would later originate tetrapods, by the end of the period. The first Ichthyostega emerges, which could be the ancestor of amphibians.Expansion and diversification of plantsFirsts terrestrial arthropods emerged. Coevolution with plants started. A big massive extinction occurred at the end of the period that severely affected the marine environment. Occurs a gradual replacement of terrestrial plants.
CARBONIFER (360-290 ma)
Begins Pangea formationThere is an ecological rechange in the ocean after the extinctionAmphibians emerge on the ground.The first reptiles appear as anapsids, synapsids, diapsids.Complete independence from water. There was a diversification of horsetails and tree ferns, pro-gymnosperms, and gymnosperms.Insects proliferation.
According to this information, by the end of Devonian period the firsts tetrapods appeared.
During the Carbonifeous period, after the devonian massive extinction amphibians and reptiles appeared.
These sequences indicate that tetrapod fossils are closer to the Carboniferous period than the Silurian period.
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Why does surface tension occur?
Where are semilunar valves to be found in a mammalian heart?
Answer:
at the base of the aortic and Pulmonary trunk
Explanation:
Structurally the mammalian heart is made up of blood vessels for the empty of the blood from the heart chambers -the ventricles. Due to the forceful contraction of the blood against gravity into theses vessels,there are tendency for the back flow, from the vessels back into the ventricles.
These may lead to mixing of deoxyganted with oxygenated blood.
Aorta is the largest artery in the heart.It takes oxygenated blood from the heart into the systemic circulations.To prevent the back flow of the pumped blood after the L.ventricular systole,layers of valves shut up,and stop the flow of blood back into the ventricles.. These are the semilunar vlaves at the bases of the Aorta. The sound produced by this shutting up is called the dupp sound.
Likewise deoxygenated blood flow into the pulmonary circulation en-route the lungs is transported by the Pulmonary trunks.Therefore to prevent the back flow of the deoxygenated blood back into the pulmonary trunk, thes semilunars valves are closed,after R. ventricular systole
These two valves ensures that R and L Ventricular contraction for the ejection of oxygentated and deoxygented blood occurs without backlow and therefore no mixing of the two types occurs.
How do plates move relative to each other at convergent plate boundaries?
Answer:
The movement of the plates creates three types of tectonic boundaries: convergent, where plates move into one another; divergent, where plates move apart and transform, where plates move sideways in relation to each other.
Explanation:
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. The male red-winged blackbird has a bright-red patch on its shoulder. This adaptation increases its chances of mating with the female blackbird. Some of the birds underwent mutation, and their offspring didn’t have the red-colored patch. This mutation increases the birds’ _______. Individuals with this mutation have____chance of being sexually selected. !st sentence answers. A.Ability to adapt B.Genetic Variation C.Sexual Selection 2nd sentence answer. A.A higher chance B.A lower C.The same
Answer:
B.Genetic Variation
B. A lower
genetic variation and a lower chance
The angle subtended by stars in the night sky is orders of magnitude smaller than the acuity threshold you calculated in 1). Why are we able to see objects that are much smaller than the angle subtended by the gap in the acuity threshold experiment? (50 word max)
Answer is given below
Explanation:
we consider here gap in character size is 0.75 mm
and distance is 300 mm
so minutes of arc is = 0.85944
and
visual acuity is express as
V = standard view distance D ÷ distance at which each letter D' ................1
There is visual acuity under the eyes, on which the object cannot be determined Factor factor mainly determines refractive error and contrast angle brightness or brightness and duration of contrast and exposure The target resolution threshold is expressed as a small angle, which can reduce the distinction between important elements of the stimulus pattern such as a pair of dots. Relaxation is specified in terms of its angular sizeWhat do all vertebrates and invertebrates have in common?
A) They are prokaryotic.
B)They are covered by an outer skeleton.
C)They are multicellular.
D)They are bilaterally symmetrical.
Answer:
C. They are multicellular.
Explanation:
Answer:
C. They are multicellular
Explanation:
Animal Cells
- All animals are eukaryotes
- All animals are multicellular
all of the cell theory? (4 points)
Oa
Every living thing is composed of cells.
Ob
c
Cells come from pre-existing cells.
Cells are the basic unit and structure of all living things.
Od
Every cell has a nucleus that contains genetic material.
eok
Which biomolecule is the genetic codle for life?
Answer: nucleic acids
Explanation: Among biomolecules, nucleic acids, namely DNA and RNA, have the unique function of storing an organism's genetic code—the sequence of nucleotides that determines the amino acid sequence of proteins, which are of critical importance to life on Earth.
This macromolecule (large) is used to carry genetic information. It's building block is called a nucleotide.
Explanation:
Nucleic acids are long chainlike molecules composed of a series of nearly identical building blocks called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, which is in turn attached to a phosphate group.
Type your response in the box.
How would you define the term energy? Why do living things need energy?
Answer:
Energy is the potential for causing changes. Energy helps organisms perform tasks; such as maintaining homeostasis and responding to stimuli. Energy is essential to life because it helps organisms perform essential activities for survival.
:
Answer:
Sample Answer
Hope this helps!
Explanation:
Energy is the ability to do work. Living things need energy to grow, develop, move, and perform voluntary and involuntary body processes.
10. How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration differ?
O a. Photosynthesis uses food and cellular respiration produces food
О
b. Photosynthesis gives off oxygen and cellular respiration uses oxygen
c. Photosynthesis uses oxygen and cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide
d. Photosynthesis breaks down carbohydrates and cellular respiration produces them
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Photosynthesis involves the use of energy from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
How are rhizomes involved in asexual reproduction of ferns?
Answer:
The sporophytes of ferns grow through the rhizome
Explanation:
The gametophyte are responsible for sexual reproduction in plants while the sporophytes are usually responsible for asexual reproduction in plants.
Sporophytes are found in the rhizomes of plants and they help in the asexual reproduction.
This is how rhizomes are involved in asexual reproduction of ferns
What do comets and astroids have in common
Answer:
Asteroids and comets have a few things in common. They are both celestial bodies orbiting our Sun, and they both can have unusual orbits, sometimes straying close to Earth or the other planets. They are both “leftovers” — made from materials from the formation of our Solar System 4.5 billion years ago.
Explanation:
11.What element is the of life?
Answer:
Cells.
Explanation:
Because this question is so vague, there can be multiple different answers. However, when thinking about biology, we know that cells are the basic unit of life, considering the cell theory. The cell theory talks about how cells are the element of life because all living things are made of cells. They are the foundation of life on earth and without them, living things could not exist.
Which of the following characteristics is not shared between Kingdom Protista and Kingdom Animalia?
A mobile
B Photosynthetic
C Eukaryotic
D Reproduce sexually
Answer:
B. Photosynthetic
Explanation:
Kingdom animalia and protista are two of the seven classification of kingdoms. Kingdom Animalia is characterized by their eukaryotic multicellular cell and heterotrophic nature of nutrition i.e. depend on other organisms for energy source.
Kingdom protista, on the other hand, are grouped because they do not fit into any other kingdom. Protists can be autotrophic or heterotrophic, single celled or multicellular. Some protists are capable of autotrophic nutrition via photosynthesis e.g algae.
This photosynthetic process is the difference between the protists and animals. Animals can never be autotrophic.
The following characteristics is not shared between Kingdom Protista and Kingdom Animalia is option B. Photosynthetic
Kingdom Protista & Animalia:Kingdom Animalia and Protista should be two of the seven classifications of kingdoms. Kingdom Animalia should be characterized by their eukaryotic multicellular cell And heterotrophic nature of nutrition based on other organisms for an energy source.
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In an experiment, a scientist decides to study the effect of exercise on cholesterol levels in people. He studies two set of people—those who exercise every day for an hour and those who don’t exercise at all. In this case, the statement that people who exercise for an hour may have lower cholesterol levels is .........
. To test this statement, the scientist would measure cholesterol levels in exercisers and non-exercisers. The cholesterol levels would be ........
.
In the mentioned case, the statement that the people who has the exercise for an hour may have lower levels of the cholesterol has the hypothesis, and the cholesterol levels in the experiment would be the dependent variable.
What is hypothesis?A hypothesis has the suggested statement, that has been based upon the previous information, and has been used as an initiation point in the scientific investigation.
Any scientific experiments that comprise two variables, that it has dependent and the independent variables. The independent variable that refers to the variable, which has controlled or the modified in the scientific experiment in order to determine the influence on the dependent variable.
Scientific hypotheses, in the general, are the premises within the given theory, which can be the validated on the basis of the scientific method, contributing to the formulation of the new hypotheses.
Therefore, the cholesterol levels would be a dependent variable.
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11. Which of the following is a function of a protein
Answer:
Produces vital body structures, providing energy, providing cell structure, maintaining fluid balance, act as buffers, contributes to immune function.
Explanation:
Functions of proteins include:
A. transport of materialsC. structure of your bodyD. enzymes to speed up chemical reactionsF. movement of musclesH. chemical hormonesI. recognition and communication between cellsOptions A, C, D, F, H and I are correct.
Proteins are macromolecules composed of amino acids and play essential roles in various biological processes. They have diverse functions in the body, contributing to its structure, metabolism, and overall functioning.
Proteins involved in transport facilitate the movement of substances across cell membranes or throughout the body, allowing for the uptake and distribution of nutrients, ions, and other molecules. Examples include transport proteins in the blood, such as hemoglobin that carries oxygen.
Proteins contribute to the structure of the body, providing support, strength, and flexibility to tissues and organs. They form the structural framework of cells, muscles, bones, and connective tissues.
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy required. They play a crucial role in metabolic pathways and are involved in processes such as digestion, energy production, and DNA replication.
Proteins are integral to muscle contraction and movement. They are responsible for generating force and enabling movement of skeletal muscles.
Certain proteins function as chemical hormones, regulating physiological processes and signaling between cells and tissues. Examples include insulin, growth hormones, and thyroid hormones.
Proteins are involved in cell recognition and communication, facilitating interactions between cells and coordinating cellular activities. They play a role in immune responses, cell signaling, and cell adhesion.
However, genetic code, insulation, and providing a quick burst of energy are not primarily attributed to proteins. The genetic code is carried by DNA and RNA molecules, while insulation is primarily provided by adipose tissue. Quick bursts of energy are predominantly fueled by carbohydrates.
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The complete question is:
Which of the following are functions of proteins?
A. transport of materialsB. genetic codeC. structure of your bodyD. enzymes to speed up chemical reactionsE. provide insulationF. movement of musclesG. provide a quick burst of energyH. chemical hormonesI. recognition and communication between cellsSensory cells for hearing are located in the:______.
Answer:
cochlea
Explanation:
If you have a loss of antigen what happen to your body
Answer:
you would get sick time and time again
Which of the following blood vessels carries blood from the tissues back to the heart?a) arteriesb) arteriolesc) aortad) veinse) capillaries
Answer:
Veinules
Explanation:
Veinules are smaller veins blood vessels that carries deoxygenated or poorly oxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart except pulmonary veins and umblical veins
After the blood move from the capillaries, it enter smallest veins called veinules and then continually flows into the larger veins till it get to the heart.
Eukaryotic organisms can be single-celled or multicellular.
Which of the following accurately explains what it means to have a high specific heat ?
Answer:
This question lacks options; the options are:
A) Less heat is needed to keep water at a high temperature
B) Water efficiently absorbs and retains heat.
C) Heat is quickly released from water.
D) Water maintains a constant temperature
The answer is B.) Water efficiently absorbs and retains heat
Explanation:
A substance's specific heat refers to the quantity of heat the substance needs to increase its temperature by 1°C. Hence, a substance is said to have a high specific heat if it takes more heat energy to make it hot while a substance is said to have a low specific heat if it takes less heat energy to make it hot.
According to the question, water is being referred to. Water has a high specific heat meaning that it is good absorber of heat and retain it due to its hydrogen bonding. This is why water will take a longer time and high heat to increase its temperature because it absorbs and retains the heat supplied to it.
Which eukaryotic organelle was thought that have evolved from symbiotic bacteria? Describe how this event took place.
Answer:
The hypothesis that eukaryotic cells evolved from a symbiotic association of prokaryotes—endosymbiosis—is particularly well supported by studies of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which are thought to have evolved from bacteria living in large cells.
a.
Describe role and use of oxygen in air and life of animais
Answer:
All living organisms except plants need oxygen, as oxygen is what ignites all living things .. Plants take carbon dioxide and produce oxygen gas through the process of photosynthesis.
Answer:
Oxygen plays a critical role in respiration, the energy-producing chemistry that drives the metabolisms of most living things. We humans, along with many other creatures, need oxygen in the air we breathe to stay alive. Oxygen is generated during photosynthesis by plants and many types of microbes.
Which statement describes a scientific theory
Answer:
here
Explanation:
A scientific theory is an explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can be repeatedly tested and verified in accordance with the scientific method, using accepted protocols of observation, measurement, and evaluation of results. Where possible, theories are tested under controlled conditions in an experiment.
Some snakes produce a powerful poison that paralyzes their prey. This poison is an example of
Group of answer choices
an adaptation
resistance
an abiotic factor
a reptile
Answer:
This poisonis an example of an aboitic factor
The poison is an adaptation, as it is an advantage acquired through natural selection that allows the the snakes to bring down and capture their prey. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is adaptation?In biology, there are three related definitions of adaptation. First, natural selection, a dynamic evolutionary process, adapts organisms to their environments, improving their evolutionary fitness. Second, it is a condition that the populace has attained along that process. Thirdly, it is a phenotypic characteristic or adaptive trait that has been preserved and has developed via natural selection and has a functional purpose in each individual organism.
One example of physiological adaptation is the poison a cobra snake produces to defend itself against bigger creatures. They catch their victim using the poison as well.
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