Punnett squares are used to get the genotypic and phenotypic frequencies among the progeny produced from a cross. Punnett squares and answers below.
What is a punnett square?The Punnett square is a graphic representation that shows the different types of gamete combinations according to the alleles involved in a cross.
Punnett square shows the probabilities of getting offspring with different genotypes and their consequent phenotypes.
In the exposed example,
Diallelic genes that codes for colorY = yellow ⇒ dominant alleley = blue ⇒ recessive alleleWe will assume complete dominance, meaning that with at least one dominant allele in the genotype, the expressed color is yellow.
1)
a- Cross 1
Parentals) YY x Yy
Gametes) Y Y Y y
Punnett square) Y Y
Y YY YY
y Yy Yy
F1) Genotype
1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be homozygous dominant, YY
1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be heterozygous, Yy
Phenotype
100% of the progeny is expected to be yellow.
b- Cross 2
Parentals) YY x yy
Gametes) Y Y y y
Punnett square) Y Y
y Yy Yy
y Yy Yy
F1) Genotype
100% of the progeny is expected to be heterozygous, Yy
Phenotype
100% of the progeny is expected to be yellow.
2)
a. What are the resulting phenotypes? Only yellow kernels
b. Are there any blue kernels? No
c. How can you tell whether or not there are blue kernels?
Blue is the recessive phenotype for kernels. Assuming complete dominance, since all genotypes are expected to carry at least one dominant allele, all the F1 kernels are yellow.
3) Let us cross two heterozygous individuals from the F1
Parentals) Yy x Yy
Gametes) Y y Y y
Punnett square) Y y
Y YY Yy
y Yy yy
F1) Genotype
1/4 = 25% of the progeny is expected to be homozygous dominant, YY
1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to be heterozygous, Yy
1/4 = 25% of the progeny is expected to be homozygous recessive, yy
Phenotype
75% of the progeny is expected to be yellow.
25% of the progeny is expected to be blue.
4)
a. What are the genotypes of the F2 generation?
- 25% YY (homozygous dominant)
- 50% Yy (Heterozygous)
- 25% yy (Homozygous recessive)
b. What are their phenotypes?
- 75% yellow kernels
- 25% blue kernels
c. Are there more or fewer blue kernels than in the F1 generation?
More. Blue kernels appeared in the F2.
5. Assuming independent genes, the , are as follows
Gametes
a. YY Ss ⇒ YS, YS, Ys, Ys
b. Yy Ss ⇒ YS, Ys, yS, ys
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What is the main difference between the null and the research hypothesis? What is the importance of assuming the null hypothesis is true?
Answer:
The null hypothesis is a general statement that states that there
is no relationship between two phenomenons under
consideration or that there is no association between two groups.
A hypothesis, in general, is an assumption that is yet to be proved
with sufficient pieces of evidence.
What are nucleosome remodelling complexes and describe their function (s).
Answer:
Explanation:
Chromosomal DNA is packaged inside microscopic nuclei with the help of histones. These are positively-charged proteins that strongly adhere to negatively-charged DNA and form complexes called nucleosomes. ... Nucleosomes fold up to form a 30-nanometer chromatin fiber, which forms loops averaging 300 nanometers in length.
State three differences between rural-urban drift to the rural area
State three differences between rural-urban drift to the rural area
Answer: The life in urban areas is fast and complicated, whereas rural life is simple and relaxed
Explanation:
The life in urban areas is fast and complicated, whereas rural life is simple and relaxed. The Urban settlement includes cities and towns. On the other hand, the rural settlement includes villages and hamlets. There is greater isolation from nature in urban areas, due to the existence of the built environment.
I need help with this. Picture is above and the questions are
1. Which cancer type is most common? Least common?
2. Which cancer type seems to be least treatable? Most treatable?
3. Provide a possible explanation as to why the incidence of basal and squamous skin cancer is so high.
4. Using breast cancer as an example, calculate the percentage of survival for this cancer type.
1. Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer on the list, with 290,560 new cases anticipated in the US in 2022. Prostate cancer and lung cancer are the next most prevalent malignancies.
What is cancer?Cancer is a condition when a few of the body's cells grow out of control and spread to other bodily regions. Since the human body contains billions of cells, cancer can develop practically everywhere.
2. Skin cancer: More people than any other type of cancer develop skin cancer. Additionally, it has the highest rate of recovery from cancer. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, the survival rate for skin cancer is about 100% if it is found early.
3. As people age, their risk of developing basal and squamous cell skin cancer increases. This is most likely due to the accumulation of solar exposure over time. However, younger people are also developing these cancers at an increased rate, most likely as a result of their increased exposure to the sun.
4. 95.5 is the survival rate in in the breast cancer.
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which of the following best describes what happens during a crossover event
a. tetrads change orientation as a lineup along the center of the cell
b. chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange corresponding segments
c. X and Y sex chromosomes overlap and combine together during metaphase
d. spindle fibers overlap and attach to the wrong chromosomes during anaphase
Answer:
tetrads change orientation as a lineup along the center of the cell
The island biogeography model explains
A. the amount of water that surrounds an island
B. the effect the mainland has on the surrounding islands
C. factors affecting the number of different species in a region
D. geographical features of an island
Which is best illustrated by Watson and Crick's ball-and-stick model of DNA?
the importance of sticking to established methods of science
the role of creativity in scientific discovery
the value of individual scientists working independently from one another
the importance of carrying out procedures that can be replicated
Answer:
D: the importance of carrying out procedures
Answer:
B. the role of creativity in scientific discovery
Explanation:
i got it right
A 75-year-old male with long-standing hypertension and angina due to coronary heart disease presents with ankle edema, nocturia, increased shortness of breath with activity, and a chronic nonproductive cough. He has a past history of smoking two packs per day and is an ex-alcoholic. His blood pressure is 170/80 and his heart rate is 100. Electrocardiography and chest radiography indicate the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy.
A. Relate the presence of uncontrolled hypertension and coronary artery disease to the development of heart failure in this man.
B. Explain the significance of left ventricular hypertrophy in terms of both a compensatory mechanism and as a pathologic mechanism in the progression of heart failure.
C. Explain the management and treatment for this diagnosis.
Left ventricular hypertrophy increases the chance of sudden death. Studies have shown that the problem increases the risk of developing some diseases, such as heart failure, stroke, coronary heart disease and even sudden death.
A. How does hypertension cause heart failure?In summary, heart failure can occur in the natural history of patients with hypertension, as a result of the action of a wide set of adaptive mechanisms triggered by the persistent increase in ventricular afterload, resulting in diastolic or systolic dysfunction.
B. What is the significance of left ventricular hypertrophy in terms of a compensatory mechanism and a pathological mechanism in the progression of heart failure?The term cardiac hypertrophy refers to increased myocardial mass. It is an adaptive response to a physiological or pathological overload. This adaptation occurs as a response of the heart to an overload of work and can be classified as concentric or eccentric.
C. Explain the management and treatment for this diagnosis.Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve medication or surgery. Left ventricular hypertrophy caused by aortic valve stenosis may require surgery to repair the narrowed valve or to replace it with an artificial valve.
With this information, we can conclude that left ventricular hypertrophy increases the chance of sudden death. Studies have shown that the problem increases the risk of developing some diseases, such as heart failure, stroke, coronary heart disease and even sudden death.
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Question 7 of 10
The description below is about a community in a poor country in need of
certain basic necessities.
A village is without electricity and running water but is far from the ocean in a
warm climate. Food is limited and farming is close to non-existent because
there is no access to a water supply. The only nearby water is deep
underground.
Given the problems of the village, which technology is best for quickly
improving its carrying capacity?
A. Building a plant that takes salt out of water
OB. Drilling for water
OC. Designing a plant that uses water to make electricity
OD. Farming using vertical buildings
4
SUBMIT
Answer:
OB
Explanation:
the people in the village has a only one option to drill a place where the water well is deep and connects submissive pump in the well and connects a PVC to where ever you want to send water
what will happen to the length of the day if the earth didnt have a tilt.
2 a Which part of the human brain is responsible for controlling each of the following actions?
i keeping your balance when you walk
ii maintaining your breathing when you are asleep
iii making your leg muscles contract when you kick a ball
Answer:
The Cerebellum
Explanation:
The Cerebellum, or "little brain" controls all aspects of balance, speech, movement, coordination, and motor skills.
Calculate the genotypic and phenotypic ratios for the following crosses in peas for height, determined by the T gene. (T is Tall; t is short.)
homozygous dominant crossed with homozygous recessive
homozygous dominant crossed with heterozygous
homozygous recessive crossed with heterozygous
heterozygous crossed with heterozygous
will give thanks and brainliest
What is accuracy?
A. how close the values are to each other,
regardless of how close they are to the
correct value
B. the range of the incorrect answers
C. how close the values are to the correct
or expected answer
D. the way the data is measured and what
units are used
Answer:
c
Explanation:
I don't really have one and tbh its probably wrong but there's a difference between accuracy and being precise
Answer:
In my opinion the answer is C
Explanation:
..
Please help I don’t understand
Answer:
[tex]C. \ \ \ \ 7[/tex]
Explanation:
The pH value is a unit of measure which describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. In other words, pH demonstrates the quantitative information of the activity of an acid or base based on hydrogen ion concentration.
The mathematically formal definition of pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration:
[tex]pH \ \ = \ \ -\log_{10}\left[H^{+}\right][/tex].
Hence, if the concentration of [tex]\text{H}^{+}[/tex] ions in a solution is [tex]1.0 \ \times \ {10}^{-7} \ \text{M}[/tex],
[tex]pH \ = \ -\log_{10}\displaystyle{\left(1 \ \times \ {10}^{-7}\right)} \\ \\ pH \ = \ -\log_{10}\displaystyle{\left(1\right) \ - \ \log_{10}\left({10}^{-7}\right)} \\ \\ pH \ = \ 0 \ - \ \left(-7\right) \\ \\ pH \ = \ 7[/tex].
Kathy Morningside is a 55-year-old woman who has had spells of gastroin- testinal problems over the years (dyspepsia), but a formal diagnosis has never been conclusive. During the past four months, she has had a history of vomiting after some meals and she has lost about 5 kg over this time. Mrs Morningside, together with an old school chum, went to London for a weekend theatre break to see Les Miserables. On the Friday evening, she began to feel unwell, but put it down to her fear of flying. They went to the theatre on the Saturday evening and followed this with a light opera supper at a nearby restaurant. Mrs Morningside suffered a haematemesis and was rushed to hospital with massive bleeding. Her condition settled and follow- ing overnight rehydration, she returned to her home in Newcastle where she was examined by a gastrointestinal consultant. The consultant noted that Mrs Morningside was pale and tachycardic. Her blood pressure was 130/90 mmHg. Rectal examination revealed frank melaena. He attributed the bleed to chronic peptic ulceration, probably as a consequence of long-term use of non-specific anti-inflammatory drugs. He considers her to be at high risk of re-bleeding and may contemplate partial gastrectomy when her nutritional intake has improved. The consultant refers Mrs Morningside to the dietitian as he is concerned about her overall nutritional status. She is currently anaemic (frank iron and possibly megaloblastic/pernicious anaemia). (1) Explain the approaches that may be taken to assess this patient's nutri- tional and dietary status. (2) Consider the dietary assessment more carefully. What may be the prin- cipal focus of the interview with the client? What advance preparation might assist you in the conduct of the assessment interview?
In order to assess the nutritional status of the patient, the nurse needs to understand the anthropometric measurements of the patient by:
The physical examination helps to understand the physical appearance of the patient and to find out the BMI.Monitoring the intake and output chart helps to understand the nutritional status of the patient.Monitoring the weight helps to understand the accurate weight loss of the patient.How to depict the information?The patient is having chronic peptic ulceration so, the focus of the dieticians during the interview must be the collection of history about the previous intake of the anti-inflammatory medications.
In order to confirm it, the dietician needs to ask the patient about the past medical condition and treatments.
As an advance preparation, the dieticians need to study the case sheets of the patient to get an idea about the patient prior to the interview session.
The principal focus of the interview with the client will be the food that the client normally eats and previous treatment regarding the illness.
The advance preparation that might assist in the conduct of the assessment interview is to read extensively on the disease in order to have more information about it.
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Nick’s swimming goggles are made of blue plastic. When he straps them on, he notices that the goggles change the color of the objects around him. A white ring buoy appears ____, 1. blue 2. violet 3. white, because the blue plastic ____, 1. absorbs 2. reflects 3. refracts, all colors of light except blue. Only the blue light _______, 1. absorbed by 2. reflected from 3. refracted by, the ring buoy passes through the blue plastic.
Answer:
Q.1: Blue
Q.2: Reflects
Q.3: Reflected
The mitochondrial DNA sequence that is shared by two species has a steady mutation rate. Scientists determine the sequences of these two species to be as follows
Species A: CAGGCCATTATG
Species B: CCAGCCTATAGG
Based on this information, which of the following best explains the difference in the DNA sequence between the two species?
A) Species A and B probably share the most recent ancestor because they only differ by three mutations.
B) Species A and B have fewer differences between DNA sequences means that fewer mutations occurred.
C) Species A and B probably have distinct ancestors because they have many differences in mutations.
D) Species A and B are closely related because they differ by five mutations in their DNA sequence.
It is expected that Species A and B have distinct ancestors because they have many differences in mutations (Option C).
What is the mutation rate?The mutation rate makes reference to the number of mutations that appeared in a given nucleotide sequence in a given period of time.
In this case, sequences from Species A and B have 5 mutations and aligned sequences have only 12 nucleotides, which is a considerably high mutation rate to share a common origin.
Nonetheless, information about divergence times might be helpful to determine the origin of these sequences.
In conclusion, nucleotide sequences of Species A and B exhibit many mutations and therefore they do not have the same evolutionary origin (Option C).
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A section of DNA is shown.
3'–TCG ATA TCC–5'
Which sequence best shows the result of transcription for the section of DNA?
A. AGC TAT AGG
B. TCG ATA TCC
C. UCG AUA UCC
D. AGC UAU AGG
A researcher wants to compare math performance scores of high school juniors who are located in various urban areas.
The researcher will most likely conduct the research by using which descriptive research method?
The researcher will most likely conduct the research by using a case study descriptive research method. The correct option is D.
What is case study descriptive research method?A case study can be used to describe the features of a particular subject. Case studies collect detailed data to identify the characteristics of a narrowly defined subject rather than a large volume of data to identify patterns across time or location.
The missing options are:
A. Naturalistic observation B. Longitudinal study C. Cross-sectional study D. Case studyThe researcher will most likely conduct the research by using a case study descriptive research method.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Which cell type is produced by mitosis
Answer:
diploid
Explanation:
Answer:
Diploid
Explanation:
Mitosis produces two diploid cells that are genetically identical to each other and the original parent cell.
How can hair be controlled during food preparation
The farmers shows the position of at different farm and concentration of nitrate at different points in ariver
The farmers shows the position of at different farm and concentration of nitrate at different points in ariver this shows that nitrates ha different concentration taht has a bad effect.
What impact does nitrate have on rivers?Nitrates in extra can purpose eutrophication in downstream coastal waters with the aid of using stimulating immoderate boom of algae and different aquatic plants (whilst nitrogen is the proscribing component for boom) and in a roundabout way inflicting oxygen deficiency withinside the backside waters and decreased biodiversity.
The nitrate attention is calculated with the aid of using subtracting the absorbance at 275nm from the absorbance at 220nm after which evaluating the corrected absorbance to a calibration curve advanced the use of requirements of acknowledged nitrate attention (APHA, 2005).
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What would increase enzymatic activity in a bacterial cell that would normally thrive in human body
What is the name for a
complex, organized group of organisms?
Answer:
[tex]\textsf {species}[/tex]
Explanation:
[tex]\textsf {The term used to describe a complex, organized group of organisms}\\\textsf {would be species.}[/tex]
Two populations are not yet reproductively isolated if interbreeding results in ____ .
A. stronger offspring
B. weaker offspring
C. living offspring
D. fertile offspring
Answer:
fertile offspring
Explanation:
because of species Ideology
What geological change and event occurs at a convergent boundary?
Plates collide, and a mountain is formed.
Plates collide, and a rift valley is formed.
Plates move apart, and a trench is formed.
Plates move apart, and a volcano is formed.
Answer:
Plates collide, and a mountain is formed
Explanation:
if plates are of equal densites when they collide they will push up and create a mountain chain
the 5’ end of the dna molecule is considered ____, while the 3’ end of the dna molecule is considered the _____
The 5’ end of the dna molecule is considered five prime, while the 3’ end of the dna molecule is considered the three prime.
Thus, The backbones of DNA's two long polymers of basic units, known as nucleotides, are comprised of sugars and phosphate groups that are connected by ester bonds.
These two strands are anti-parallel because they move in the opposite directions of one another. Each sugar has one of four different nucleobases (bases) molecules attached to it.
The genetic code is made up of the order of these bases, and it subsequently dictates the order of the amino acids in proteins. The 5′ (five prime) and 3′ (three prime) ends of DNA strands are referred to as the ends.
Thus, The 5’ end of the dna molecule is considered five prime, while the 3’ end of the dna molecule is considered the three prime.
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The Cell Theory applies to what kind of cells?
A. ONLY cells with cell walls
B. ALL cells
C. ONLY plant cells
Answer:
B all cells
Explanation:
b all cells
cell theory applies to all living cells in the world
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression is:
a. less effective than drug treatment alone.
b. just as effective as drug treatment alone.
c. counterproductive if used in combination with drug treatment
d. only productive if used in combination with drug treatment.
Answer:
less effective than drug treatment alone.
Populations with a large number of individuals tend to ______________.
a
remain stable even if the environment changes
b
remain stable as long as the environment does not change
c
become extinct
d
none of these
