The French Revolution continued without a final solution due to a lack of effective leadership, which manifested in three ways: a lack of clear direction, internal divisions among revolutionary factions, and the failure to address economic and social issues. Examples from the Revolution highlight these challenges and their impact on the course of events.
Firstly, a lack of clear direction contributed to the continuation of the French Revolution. The absence of strong leadership led to confusion and indecisiveness among the revolutionaries, allowing the revolution to spiral into a series of violent and chaotic events. For instance, the Reign of Terror, marked by excessive violence and arbitrary executions, reflected the absence of effective leadership and a clear plan for achieving the revolution's goals.
Secondly, internal divisions among revolutionary factions hindered progress and prevented the establishment of a stable government. Different ideological and political factions, such as the Girondins and Jacobins, competed for power and influence, leading to infighting and a lack of unity. The conflicts between these factions further prolonged the Revolution and prevented the emergence of a cohesive leadership capable of guiding the nation.
Lastly, the failure to address economic and social issues contributed to the continuation of the Revolution. The revolutionary government struggled to address widespread poverty, food shortages, and social inequality, which fueled discontent among the population. The inability to effectively tackle these issues prolonged the revolutionary period, as the underlying grievances were not adequately resolved.
In summary, the French Revolution's lack of leadership allowed for its continuation without a final solution. The absence of clear direction, internal divisions among factions, and the failure to address economic and social issues are three key factors that prolonged the revolution. Examples such as the Reign of Terror, factional conflicts, and the failure to address societal grievances illustrate the impact of these leadership shortcomings on the course of the revolution.
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Several groups of invaders from the Northeastern Plain traveled to Inner China...
answer choices
a. across the Gobi Desert.
b. by boat across the ocean.
c. on frozen rivers in winter.
d. along a narrow coastal plain.
Several groups of invaders from the Northeastern Plain traveled to Inner China through various means, including crossing the Gobi Desert, using boats across the ocean, traveling on frozen rivers in winter, and moving along a narrow coastal plain.
Historically, different groups of invaders from the Northeastern Plain found their way into Inner China through different routes and methods. One of the possible means was by crossing the challenging terrain of the Gobi Desert. Although arduous and treacherous, some invaders undertook the journey across the desert to reach Inner China.
Another option for invaders was to travel by boat across the ocean. This method would have been suitable for groups originating from areas with access to coastal regions or nearby islands. By utilizing seafaring vessels, they could reach the coastal areas of Inner China.
In winter, when rivers froze over, invaders could take advantage of this natural phenomenon to travel on the frozen rivers.
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How did President Eisenhower ultimately respond to the Arkansas National Guard's attempts to block the enrollment of nine black students in Little Rock's Central High School in 1957?
a) He sent army troops to Little Rock to oversee the integration of the school.
b) He stayed silent because of his preference for limited federal intervention in the states.
c) He sent the Federal Bureau of Investigation to Arkansas to arrest the troops and the state's governor.
d) He went to Arkansas to escort the black students into the school personally.
He sent army troops to Little Rock to oversee the integration of the school. The correct option is (a).
President Eisenhower responded to the Arkansas National Guard's attempts to block the enrollment of nine black students in Little Rock's Central High School in 1957 by sending army troops to ensure the integration of the school.
This action was taken to enforce the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education, which declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
The deployment of federal troops, known as Operation Arkansas, was aimed at maintaining order, protecting the students, and upholding the principles of desegregation.
President Eisenhower's decision to send troops marked a significant moment in the civil rights movement and demonstrated the federal government's commitment to enforcing desegregation laws and ensuring equal rights for all citizens.
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which one big event in 1975 attracted millions of egyptians?
A) The opening of the Suez Canal
B) The signing of the Camp David Accords
C) The Arab-Israeli War
D) The funeral of President Gamal Abdel Nasser
The one big event in 1975 that attracted millions of Egyptians was the funeral of President Gamal Abdel Nasser. Option D is the correct one.
The funeral of President Gamal Abdel Nasser attracted millions of Egyptians in 1975. It was one of the most significant events in Egypt's history. Nasser was a prominent figure in the country, having played a major role in the 1952 revolution that led to the establishment of the Republic of Egypt. He was also instrumental in the nationalization of the Suez Canal in 1956, which earned him the admiration of many Egyptians. When Nasser died on September 28, 1970, the country was plunged into mourning. His funeral was attended by millions of Egyptians who lined the streets to pay their respects to the man who had led their country for more than a decade.
Therefore, the correct option is D.
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the grange was the leading farm organization through the 1890s
The given statement "grange was the leading farm organization through the 1890s" is false as it was found in 1860s.
The Grange, also known as The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, is a social organisation that encourages families to work together to advance the political and economic health of their neighbourhood and agriculture in the United States.
The Grange is the oldest American agricultural advocacy organisation with a national scope; it was established in 1867 following the Civil War. The Granger Laws, which lowered railway rates, and the Post Office's free rural post delivery were two political causes for which the Grange took on state legislatures and Congress.
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The question seems incomplete. The complete question is:
The Grange was the leading farm organization through the 1890s. T/F
leon trotsky claimed all legitimate political power for the soviet that had first been organized in 1905
No, Leon Trotsky did not claim all legitimate political power for the Soviet that had first been organized in 1905.
Did Leon Trotsky claim all legitimate political power for the Soviet?While Leon Trotsky was a prominent figure in the Russian Revolution and a leader of the Bolshevik Party, he did not claim all legitimate political power for the Soviet that had first been organized in 1905.
The Soviet also known as the workers' council, was a form of grassroots democratic organization that emerged during the 1905 Russian Revolution. It consisted of elected representatives from various workers' and soldiers' groups and aimed to provide an alternative power structure to the Tsarist regime.
Trotsky, along with other Bolshevik leaders, played a crucial role in the October Revolution of 1917 which led to the establishment of Soviet power in Russia.
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What is a difference between how the Spanish and French Colonist treated American Indians
The Spanish sought to dominate and exploit the American Indians, the French had a more collaborative approach, establishing alliances and respecting the indigenous cultures and traditions.
The Spanish and French colonists had different approaches in their treatment of American Indians during the colonial period.
The Spanish colonists, driven by the desire for gold and resources, initially aimed to conquer and exploit the indigenous populations they encountered.
They established encomiendas, a system that granted Spanish settlers control over indigenous labor and tribute. The Spanish often forced American Indians into labor, imposed cultural assimilation, and attempted to convert them to Christianity.
While some Spanish officials advocated for fair treatment, the overall treatment of American Indians by the Spanish was marked by exploitation, forced labor, and violence.
In contrast, the French had a more cooperative approach with the American Indians. The French focused on establishing fur trade networks and maintaining alliances with indigenous groups to secure economic advantages.
They often forged alliances through intermarriage and cultural exchange, respecting the autonomy and traditional practices of the indigenous peoples.
The French frequently relied on the assistance of American Indian allies in territorial disputes against other European powers. Consequently, the French colonization efforts generally involved a more peaceful coexistence and an acknowledgment of indigenous sovereignty.
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describe president clinton’s position on free trade, and explain how this challenged traditional expectations.
President Bill Clinton's position on free trade challenged traditional expectations in several ways. During his presidency from 1993 to 2001, Clinton advocated for and pursued an agenda that sought to expand free trade and globalization. He believed that free trade could stimulate economic growth, create jobs, and enhance American competitiveness in the global market.
Clinton's most notable achievement in the realm of free trade was the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994. NAFTA aimed to create a free trade zone between the United States, Canada, and Mexico by eliminating tariffs and trade barriers. Clinton believed that NAFTA would boost economic cooperation, expand market access, and foster greater integration among the North American countries. This was a departure from the traditional expectation of protecting domestic industries through tariffs and trade restrictions.
Furthermore, Clinton pushed for the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, which aimed to promote global trade liberalization and resolve trade disputes among member nations. By supporting the creation of the WTO, Clinton signaled his commitment to a rules-based international trading system and a reduction in trade barriers. This challenged the traditional expectation of prioritizing national interests over global economic cooperation.
Clinton's pro-free trade stance faced criticism from labor unions and some segments of the Democratic Party who believed that globalization and free trade agreements could lead to job losses and the erosion of labor standards. However, Clinton argued that expanding trade would ultimately benefit American workers by opening new markets for American goods and services.
Overall, Clinton's position on free trade challenged traditional expectations by advocating for greater economic openness, embracing globalization, and promoting international trade agreements as drivers of economic growth and prosperity. His approach reflected a recognition of the interconnectedness of the global economy and the potential benefits of trade liberalization, even in the face of domestic concerns.
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the zhou dynasty ruled china longer than any other dynastytrue false
True, the Zhou Dynasty ruled China for over 800 years, making it the longest-lasting dynasty in Chinese history.
True. The Zhou Dynasty did indeed rule China for a longer period than any other dynasty in Chinese history. The Zhou Dynasty lasted for over 800 years, from approximately 1046 BCE to 256 BCE. It is divided into two main periods: the Western Zhou (1046 BCE-771 BCE) and the Eastern Zhou (770 BCE-256 BCE).The Zhou Dynasty played a crucial role in shaping the political, social, and cultural landscape of ancient China. It introduced the concept of the "Mandate of Heaven," which established the idea that rulers were chosen by divine right and that their legitimacy depended on their ability to govern justly. This concept greatly influenced the subsequent dynasties that ruled China.Despite the long duration of the Zhou Dynasty's rule, its later period, known as the Eastern Zhou, was characterized by political fragmentation and turmoil. This period saw the rise of competing states and the decline of centralized power. Eventually, the Qin Dynasty emerged victorious and unified China, marking the end of the Zhou Dynasty's rule.In conclusion, the statement that the Zhou Dynasty ruled China longer than any other dynasty is true.For more questions on China
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All of the following brought Hitler support in Germany except
his promise to uphold the Versailles Treaty in spite of its unpopularity.
Adolf Hitler rose to power in Germany through several means, including promises and strategies that garnered him support. However, his promise to uphold the Versailles Treaty was not one of them.
The Treaty of Versailles was signed at the end of World War I and held Germany responsible for the war. The Treaty imposed severe penalties on Germany, including the loss of territory, the reduction of the army, and a large reparation payment to the Allies.
As a result, many Germans saw the treaty as a source of humiliation and wanted to overturn it. Hitler, who had fought in the war and was also a victim of the Treaty's terms, knew how to exploit this resentment to his advantage.
Some of the factors that brought Hitler support in Germany were his propaganda tactics, economic policies, and his emphasis on nationalism and racial purity. Hitler and his propaganda machine used slogans, posters, rallies, and speeches to create a cult-like following that appealed to Germans who were looking for a strong leader.
The economic policies he implemented, including public works projects and rearmament, helped to reduce unemployment and revive the German economy. Hitler's emphasis on nationalism and racial purity appealed to Germans who wanted to restore their country to greatness and saw themselves as superior to other races.
In conclusion, Hitler's promise to uphold the Versailles Treaty was not a factor that brought him support in Germany. Rather, it was his propaganda tactics, economic policies, and emphasis on nationalism and racial purity that appealed to Germans and helped him rise to power.
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because of the influx of wealth what word was invented in 1840
The word "millionaire" was invented in 1840 due to the significant influx of wealth during that period.
What word was invented in 1840 due to the influx of wealth?As industrialization and economic growth surged, there emerged a class of individuals who had amassed fortunes of at least one million dollars, a previously unprecedented amount of wealth.
To describe these affluent individuals, the term "millionaire" was coined, combining the word "million," representing the substantial monetary value, and the suffix "-aire," denoting a person associated with a particular characteristic or status.
The invention of the word "millionaire" reflected the societal recognition and fascination with extraordinary wealth and became a widely used term to describe individuals who had achieved a high level of financial success.
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Place yourself in President Roosevelt’s shoes.
Which strategy would you have pursued as you led the nation into World War II?
focus resources on defeating Japan in the Pacific
focus resources on defeating Germany and Italy in Europe
divide resources equally between Europe and the Pacific
As President Roosevelt during World War II, I would have pursued the strategy of focusing resources on defeating Germany and Italy in Europe.
While Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor was a significant event that prompted the United States to enter the war, the greater threat to global stability and American interests lay in the Axis powers' control over Europe.
Diverting the majority of our resources to Europe would allow us to join forces with our allies, particularly the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union, in a concerted effort to defeat the Nazi regime and halt its expansionist agenda.
It was crucial to prevent Germany from dominating the European continent and to safeguard the values of democracy and freedom.
By focusing on Europe, we would also indirectly weaken Japan's position in the Pacific. The United States had already begun to implement an "island-hopping" campaign against Japan, gradually isolating and weakening their forces.
Additionally, our naval superiority and strategic bombing capabilities would continue to exert pressure on Japan.
While it is essential to address both theaters of war, dividing resources equally between Europe and the Pacific could dilute our efforts and prolong the conflict.
Concentrating on Europe would allow us to capitalize on existing alliances, defeat the primary threat, and ultimately secure a decisive victory in World War II.
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the system that mandela decided to fight was implemented by
The system that Nelson Mandela decided to fight against was implemented by the apartheid regime in South Africa.
Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the National Party government in South Africa from 1948 to 1994.
Under apartheid, the government enforced strict racial classification and implemented policies that separated and marginalized the non-white population, particularly Black Africans. It involved the systematic segregation of residential areas, education, healthcare, and public facilities based on race. Non-white individuals were subjected to various forms of discrimination, including limited political rights, forced removals from their homes and communities, and unequal access to resources and opportunities.
Nelson Mandela, along with other anti-apartheid activists, fought against this oppressive system through various means, including peaceful protests, civil disobedience, and underground resistance. Mandela, a prominent leader of the African National Congress (ANC), advocated for equality, human rights, and the end of apartheid.
Mandela's activism and leadership eventually led to his imprisonment for 27 years by the apartheid government. However, his perseverance and the efforts of many others contributed to international pressure and a growing movement both within and outside of South Africa that called for the dismantling of apartheid.
Ultimately, through negotiations and with Mandela's involvement, apartheid was formally abolished in the early 1990s. Mandela played a pivotal role in the transition of South Africa to a democratic and non-racial society, becoming the country's first black president in 1994.
In summary, Nelson Mandela fought against the apartheid system, which was implemented by the South African government and enforced racial segregation, discrimination, and the marginalization of non-white communities. His struggle and the efforts of others contributed to the dismantling of apartheid and the establishment of a democratic South Africa.
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Complete question:
The system that mandela decided to fight was implemented by?
What happens when societies and cultures are taken over and/or destroyed?
In the late 1930s, the number of Jewish refugees rose after Germany annexed
Austria.
France.
Poland.
Russia.
who paod the largest criminal fine in history and why
The largest criminal fine in history was paid by the banking corporation known as JPMorgan Chase & Co. in 2014.
The banking corporation agreed to pay a fine of $13 billion after a US government investigation discovered that JPMorgan had misled investors regarding the quality of mortgage-backed securities that were sold to them. The banking corporation allegedly sold defective mortgage-backed securities to investors without disclosing that they contained toxic mortgages that were likely to default. Investors were led to believe that the mortgages backing the securities were of high quality and had been rigorously reviewed and evaluated.
JPMorgan, on the other hand, was accused of knowing that the mortgages were of poor quality but selling the securities anyway. In response to the investigation, JPMorgan agreed to pay the fine, which included a $4 billion payment to the Federal Housing Finance Agency, a $2 billion payment to the Department of Justice, and a $7 billion payment to settle civil claims with investors. This settlement was the largest single fine ever paid by a corporation in US history.
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you would like to know whether silicon will float in mercury and you know that can determine this based on their densities
Based on their densities, silicon will not float in mercury.
Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. When comparing the densities of two substances, the one with a lower density will float on top of the one with a higher density that is why silicon will not float in mercury..
The density of silicon is 2.33 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³), while the density of mercury is 13.53 g/cm³. Since the density of mercury is much higher than that of silicon, silicon will sink in mercury rather than float.
In conclusion, based on their densities, silicon will not float in mercury because mercury is denser than silicon.
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100 POINTS
What kinds of sciences come to mind when thinking about the Scientific Revolution? Your assignment is to list three different areas of science that accurately describe the Scientific Revolution.
After you have come up with three areas of the sciences you will write three to four sentences on how these sciences contributed to the Scientific Revolution. Make sure you are going below the surface: who contributed and how they created change, what ideas were challenged, what questions did they want answered?
Step 1: Complete the chart.
Descriptive Words:
Explanation
1. Example: History
More than two hundred years after the start of the Scientific Revolution, in the 1800s the German Leopold von Ranke moved to make the study of history more scientific rather than artistic, literary, or philosophical. He argued that history is strictly a matter of figuring out what actually happened, not why events matter or their meaning. Historians continue to debate Ranke’s perspective, but he established history as a major academic field.
2.
3.
4.
Step 2:
After you have completed your chart, you will need to choose one Great Thinker of The Scientific Revolution and explain in one complete paragraph how they challenged the norms of the time period. Be specific on what the accepted view was and how the person changed the way people thought about that norm. While this assignment can be completed without outside research, you will likely enjoy it more if you pick an area of science you are interested in and research it a bit to see how it came out of the Scientific Revolution.
Choose one Great Thinker and explain in one complete paragraph how they challenged the accepted views of the time period.
Answer:
Three different areas of science that accurately describe the Scientific Revolution are:
Astronomy:The Scientific Revolution was a time of great change and progress in science, and it laid the foundation for the modern scientific world.
One Great Thinker who challenged the accepted views of the time period is Galileo Galilei. Galileo was a brilliant astronomer, mathematician, and physicist who made many important discoveries. He was also a strong advocate for the scientific method, and he challenged the accepted view that the Earth was the center of the universe.Galileo's work was controversial, and he was eventually put on trial by the Inquisition. He was forced to recant his beliefs, but he continued to work on his scientific studies. Galileo's work was instrumental in the development of the Scientific Revolution, and he is considered to be one of the most important scientists in history.who did the magna carta make rights for
Answer: All free men have the right to justice and a fair trial with a jury. The Monarch doesn't have absolute power. The Law is above all men and applies to everyone equally. All free citizens can own and inherit property.
Explanation: dont write word for word
What impact did Hürrem Sultan have on the Ottoman Empire?
Hürrem Sultan, also known as Roxelana, was one of the foremost persuasive ladies within the Ottoman Empire amid the 16th century. As the spouse of Sultan Suleiman the Wonderful, she had a noteworthy affect on the domain in a few ways
What impact did Hürrem Sultan have on the Ottoman Empire?Political Impact: Hürrem Sultan worked out impressive political power, which was uncommon for a lady within the Hassock Domain at that time. She effectively taken part in state undertakings, affecting choices and approaches. She served as an advisor to Sultan Suleiman and was known to have affected his choices on things of administration, strategy, and arrangements inside the realm.
Architectural Support: Hürrem Sultan was a supporter of craftsmanship and design. She commissioned the development of a few critical structures, counting the popular Roxelana Showers in Istanbul and the Roxelana Structure inside the Topkapi Royal residence. Her support contributed to the advancement of Hassock engineering styles, mixing conventional Islamic components with imaginative plans.
Diplomatic Alliances: Hürrem Sultan played a noteworthy part in reinforcing discretionary ties between the Footrest Domain and other European powers. She developed connections with different European rulers, counting Ruler Francis I of France and Heavenly Roman Head Charles V. These organizations together made a difference the domain in keeping up peace and securing favorable exchange understandings.
Social Changes: Hürrem Sultan too centered on social changes inside the realm. She took a specific intrigued in making strides the conditions of slaves and established charitable educate, such as clinics, schools, and open kitchens. Her endeavors pointed to reduce
Conclusively, Hürrem Sultan's affect on the Ottoman Empire was critical in terms of legislative issues, culture, discretion, and social changes. Her influential part as the spouse of Sultan Suleiman the Radiant cleared out a enduring legacy, making her one of the foremost compelling ladies in Ottoman history.
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Answer:
She funded public works, such as schools and hospitals.
Explanation:
In the U. S. , there is a third separate branch, the judicial branch, consisting of the state and national courts.
The U.S. has three co-equal branches of government: the executive branch led by the President, the legislative branch consisting of Congress, and the judicial branch consisting of the federal and state court systems. The judicial branch interprets laws and determines their constitutionality. Staying independent from the other two branches is crucial to checks and balances within the U.S. government.
What was true about Japanese internet
Answer: The Internet in Japan is not a singular medium and affects Japanese culture in a variety of ways as diverse groups of Japanese people interact online.
Explanation:
Please help 100 points will give brainiest to the correct answer.
It is different because: d) "The British Constitution isn't a single document, but rather hundreds of different documents that have been written over centuries."
What makes the British Constitution different?Unlike the US Constitution, which is a single written document, the British Constitution is an unwritten constitution that is composed of various statutes, court decisions, and conventions developed over time.
It lacks a codified and centralized document like the US Constitution, making it a more flexible and evolving system.
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the first emission standards for automobiles were passed in 1965, to take effect with cars of what model year?
Answer:
1968
The first emission standards for automobiles were passed in 1965 under the U.S. Clean Air Act. These standards were implemented to take effect with cars manufactured in the model year 1968.
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the great railroad strike of 1877 was provoked by:
The Baltimore and Ohio( B&O) road issued its alternate pay drop in eight months, which sparked the strikes. formerly, road employment was parlous and inadequately compensated.
The Great road Strike of 1877 was a surge of violent rail demurrers that swept the country that time. Following the fear of 1873, the nation was passing a prolonged profitable extremity in its fourth time at the time.
formerly, road employment was parlous and inadequately compensated. In addition, the road enterprises had used the profitable downturn to largely strike the rookie trade unions that the workers had established before and during the American Civil War.
Workers at the B&O station in Martinsburg, West Virginia, protested a 10 percent pay envelope cut on July 16, 1877, by divorcing the station's locomotives, locking them inside the roundhouse, and publicizing that no trains would leave Martinsburg unless the cut was reversed.
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one of the purposes of the closing entries is to bring the balances in all asset, liability, revenue, and expense accounts down to zero to start the next accounting period.
The main purpose of closing entries is to bring the balances in all asset, liability, revenue, and expense accounts down to zero to start the next accounting period.
This process ensures that the financial statements accurately reflect the company's performance and financial position. Closing entries are made at the end of the accounting period and involve transferring the balances of temporary accounts (revenue and expense accounts) to a permanent account (retained earnings).
This allows for a clean slate in the new period and makes it easier to track and analyze financial data. The statement is not entirely accurate. The purpose of closing entries in accounting is not to bring the balances in all asset, liability, revenue, and expense accounts down to zero.
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. what is the probability of exactly 8 successes out of 20 trials if the probability of each trial having a success is 40%. assume all trials are independent of each other
The probability of exactly 8 successes out of 20 trials can be calculated using the binomial probability formula.
Using the formula, we can plug in the values and calculate the probability.
P(X=8) = C(20, 8) * (0.4)^8 * (1-0.4)^(20-8)
C(20, 8) = 20! / (8! * (20-8)!)
= 20! / (8! * 12!)
= (20 * 19 * 18 * 17 * 16 * 15 * 14 * 13) / (8 * 7 * 6 * 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1)
= 125970
Now we can substitute the values into the formula:
P(X=8) = 125970 * (0.4)^8 * (0.6)^12
= 125970 * 0.00065536 * 0.0060466176
= 0.0490
Therefore, the probability of exactly 8 successes out of 20 trials, given a success probability of 40% in each trial, is approximately 0.0490.
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*How can language demonstrate our understanding of gender, according to Boroditksy?
*What about how events occur?
Lera Boroditksy (1976-)—Belarusian-American cognitive scientist
"How Language Shapes the Way We Think" (2017)—TED (Technology,
Entertainment, and Design) talk from November 2017.
No other research above that and all answer will be written by own thoughts in at least 200 words.
Lera Boroditsky, a cognitive scientist, argues that language plays a significant role in shaping our understanding of gender. In her TED talk titled "How Language Shapes the Way We Think," she explores how different languages can influence our perceptions and attitudes towards gender.
Boroditsky suggests that language can shape our understanding of gender by influencing the way we categorize and perceive the world around us. She presents various examples from different languages to illustrate how linguistic structures and gendered language can impact our thoughts and behaviors.
For instance, she discusses the grammatical gender system in languages like Spanish, where nouns are assigned either masculine or feminine gender. Boroditsky explains that this grammatical feature can lead speakers of such languages to associate specific characteristics or traits with objects based on their gender. This association can influence how individuals perceive and interpret the world. She gives the example of the word "bridge" in Spanish, which is grammatically feminine (la puente). Spanish speakers may attribute feminine characteristics, such as beauty or elegance, to bridges based on the grammatical gender assignment.
Additionally, Boroditsky explores how gendered language can influence societal attitudes and behaviors. She mentions studies that show how the use of gendered pronouns and job titles can perpetuate gender stereotypes and biases. By using language that assigns specific gender roles and expectations, societies may reinforce and perpetuate traditional gender norms.
Regarding how events occur, Boroditsky also highlights how language can shape our understanding of the temporal aspect of events. Different languages have diverse ways of expressing time, such as the use of verb tenses or specific linguistic structures for referencing past, present, and future events. Boroditsky argues that the linguistic encoding of time can affect our perception of the sequence and duration of events. For example, languages that emphasize the directionality of time (e.g., English "moving forward") might lead speakers to conceptualize time as a linear, forward-moving entity. On the other hand, languages that use different spatial metaphors for time (e.g., Aymara language in Bolivia) may lead speakers to have a different cognitive representation of time.
In conclusion, Lera Boroditsky suggests that language plays a crucial role in shaping our understanding of gender and how events occur. The linguistic structures, gendered language, and temporal expressions used in different languages can influence our perceptions, categorizations, and behaviors. By recognizing the impact of language on our thoughts and attitudes, we can gain insights into the ways in which language shapes our perception of gender and time, and work towards more inclusive and equitable linguistic practices.
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2. judging by the illustration and the quorum requirement, what generalization can you make about the attendance of athenian citizens at assembly meetings?
3. what does it mean that the Council of 500 was chosen "by lot"? was that a good idea?
The majority of the male Athenians stayed away from these sessions. There were three political organisations where voters congregated in the hundreds or thousands. These are the assembly (with a quorum of 6,000 in some situations).
The council of 500 (boule), and the courts (with a minimum of 200 individuals and a quorum of 6,000 in some cases). For the 500-member Boule, each tribe chose 50 council members, who were typically chosen by lot. It performed the assembly's daily tasks and served as a permanent council that could make decisions while the assembly wasn't in session, playing an absolutely crucial role in the new 'democracy'.
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The Cuban Workers Confederation (CTC) consists of 19 individual member unions and is the only
trade union federation that has been recognized by the Cuban government since the 1959 revolution.
Workers are not permitted to organize outside of the CTC, which remains under strict government
control. Cuban law recognizes the right to organize. However, according to Article 16 of the labour
code, unions must support national development and the Cuban socialist model. The government
claims that there is no legal requirement to join the CTC. However, membership is implicit in
employment contracts.
Cuban law does not grant workers the rights to strike. Since the state controls the labour market, it
determines pay and working conditions in the public sector. In the private sector, foreign investors are
required to contract workers through state employment agencies, which pocket up to 95 percent of
worker salaries. The minimum wage in 2008 was approximately 225 pesos ($9) per month.
Dissatisfied workers are allowed to refuse to work only when infrastructure or machinery poses a risk
to their health and well-being. The labour code states that trade union inspection of work can order
the shutdown of machinery, equipment and tasks and propose that the workplace be closed down, if
the conditions are such that an imminent workplace accident is foreseen. However, there is little
evidence that this provision is ever implemented.
Independent trade unions face severe restrictions, and members are subject to physical abuse, loss of
employment, confiscation of property, and imprisonment. According to the International Trade Union
Confederation (ITUC), anyone who engages in independent trade union activity runs the risk of
being persecuted and losing their job. Workers are required to keep an eye on their colleagues and
report any 'dissident' activity." In March 2003, 75 Cubans were jailed as political prisoners, including
seven leaders of independent trade unions. Several were later released into exile. In February 2009, a
number of trade union members, including the president of the Confederation of Independent Workers
of Cuba, were detained and threatened.
1. From the case study, identify and explain the form of state intervention applicable in the case
study and indicate alternative intervention which the state may adopt to promote rights and
interests of employees in Cuba. ( Possible 10 marks)
2. Identify and explain the form(s) of state intervention/s adopted in South Africa. And provide
examples (Possible 15 marks)
Remember when answering questions to:
- Identify
- Apply
- Explain
a) In the case study of Cuba, the form of state intervention applicable is state control and restriction of trade unions and labor rights. b) The interventions include legislation, regulatory bodies, and social dialogue.
a) In the case study of Cuba, the form of state intervention applicable is state control and restriction of trade unions and labor rights. The state, through the Cuban Workers Confederation (CTC), has a monopoly on trade union representation and strictly controls labor organizations. Workers are not allowed to organize outside of the CTC, and membership is implicit in employment contracts. The state determines pay and working conditions in the public sector and foreign investors are required to contract workers through state employment agencies, which heavily deduct worker salaries.
An alternative intervention that the state could adopt to promote rights and interests of employees in Cuba is to allow for independent trade unions and genuine freedom of association. This would involve the recognition and protection of workers' rights to form and join trade unions of their choice, negotiate collectively, and engage in collective bargaining. The state could establish mechanisms to ensure fair wages, safe working conditions, and protection against arbitrary dismissal or persecution. Additionally, the state could encourage and support the development of worker cooperatives, giving employees more ownership and control over their workplaces.
By adopting these alternative interventions, the state could foster a more democratic and inclusive labor environment, promote workers' rights, and ensure greater representation and protection of employees' interests.
b) In South Africa, several forms of state intervention are adopted to protect the rights and interests of employees. These interventions include legislation, regulatory bodies, and social dialogue
Legislation, The South African government has enacted various labor laws to safeguard workers' rights. These include the Basic Conditions of Employment Act, the Labour Relations Act, and the Employment Equity Act. These laws establish minimum standards for wages, working hours, leave, and other employment conditions, and provide legal protections against unfair dismissal, discrimination, and exploitation.
Regulatory Bodies, The state has established regulatory bodies to oversee and enforce labor laws. For example, the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation, and Arbitration (CCMA) provides dispute resolution services, promotes fair labor practices, and facilitates collective bargaining between employers and trade unions. The Department of Employment and Labour is responsible for enforcing labor legislation and promoting decent work conditions.
Social Dialogue, The South African government encourages social dialogue and collective bargaining as a means to address labor issues and promote the rights and interests of employees. Tripartite structures, such as the National Economic Development and Labor Council (NEDLAC), bring together government, employers, and trade unions to engage in negotiations, policy development, and decision-making processes that affect labor and employment.
Examples of state interventions in South Africa include the setting of minimum wages through the National Minimum Wage Act, the establishment of the Employment Equity Commission to promote workplace equality, and the provision of mechanisms for collective bargaining and dispute resolution through the CCMA.
These state interventions aim to protect workers' rights, ensure fair labor practices, and promote social justice and equality in the South African labor market.
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DESCRIBE what type of set was used in your scene. Explain how it
looked and how the actors or action was done within the set. How
did the set help or hinder the situation in your scene? Explain
answer
Showing the viewer where the action takes place, which could be as large as a country or as particular as a room inside a house, is the most important aspect of set design. A good movie requires excellent set design.
The setting of the story is brought to life for the viewer by the set. It gives the impression that the audience is viewing a real event and aids in illustrating crucial elements of the story. Every great movie has a great designer at its core. The process of creating the physical setting for a staged performance is known as set design. It encompasses all of the scenery, furniture, props, appearance, and general aesthetic of the stage and is primarily used to describe theatrical productions.
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