explain why it takes more energy to remove the second electron from a lithium atom?

Bromine is the only non metal that exists in liquid state at the room temperature.

Bromine belongs to the member of halogen group. Heavy, volatile, mobile etc are some of the characteristics of it. Bromine is quite dangerous.

It has red brown color at room temperature. It is very reactive as it evaporates quickly to form a similar colored gas.  

Bromine molecules depicts strong inter-molecular force so that's why it doesn't evaporates at room temperature.  It also shapes up diatomic molecules and Van Der Walls interactions are highly strong.

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Answer:

helium

Explanation:

If you have sound wave moving at 340 m/s and a frequency of 100 Hz , the wavelength is 3.4 m.

Given that :

The velocity of the sound wave = 340 m/s

The frequency = 100 Hz

The wavelength expression is given as :

Wavelength = velocity / frequency

where,

velocity = 340 m/s

frequency = 100 Hz

Wavelength = 340 / 100

Wavelength = 3.4 m

Thus, the wavelength is 3.4 m if the sound wave velocity is 340 m/s and the velocity is 100 Hz. The wavelength is the distance between crests in the adjacent cycles of the waveform.

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The minutes in which the car was fastest were 1 to 4 and the speed was 733 meters per second , and the minutes in which the car was the slowest were 4 to 5 and the speed was 100 meters per second.

The speed can be calculated using a simple formula: distance /time. Moreover, in a graph, you can know whether the car is going fast or slow depending on the slope of the line.

From minute 1 to minute 4 as the distance covered was 2200, then 2200 / 3 = 733 meters per second.

From minute 4 to minute 5 as the distance was only 100 meters, then 100/1 = 100 meters per second

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The vapor pressure of the solution can be calculated using the expression of Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Putting the value of 23.5g of glycerin in 130g of methanol in the equation we get the result.

The vapor pressure can be defined as the force that an evaporating substance exerts against the walls of a sealed container.

         ln (P1/P2) = (ΔHvap. /R) (1/T2 - 1/T1)

Here where  P1 and  P2 are the vapor pressures at two temperatures T and T2 . Clausius - Clapeyron equation allows to estimate the vapor pressure at another temperature if the vapor pressure is known at some temperature and if the enthalpy of vaporization is known. The partial vapor pressure of a component in a mixture is equal to the vapor pressure of the component at that temperature multiplied by the component's mole fraction.

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Nuclear fusion is the process that creates chemical elements lighter than iron. Helium is created when two hydrogen atoms join in a star at a speed that is almost as fast as light.

A material is considered an element if it cannot be divided into two or maybe more simpler compounds by any kind of chemical process, including the use of light or heat. For instance, when a piece of gold is melted, the gold element still melts and is there.

The lightest element is hydrogen. Helium is created when two hydrogen atoms join in a star at a speed that is almost as fast as light. The star keeps doing this until there are no more hydrogen atoms available. When this occurs, the star produces Beryllium by fusing the Helium atoms. When the helium runs out Carbon is created by combining Beryllium in the star. This procedure keeps going until the star produces iron. The star then explodes. Our dwellings and buildings are made out of all those atoms.

Therefore, nuclear fusion is the process that creates chemical elements lighter than iron.

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To find the number of moles of a substance, you need to divide the mass of the substance by its molar mass.

The molar mass of Rb2S is (2x85.468 + 32.06) g/mol = 212.996 g/mol

So, to find the number of moles of Rb2S in 368g, you would divide 368g by 212.996 g/mol :

moles = 368 g / 212.996 g/mol = 1.73 moles

There are 1.73 moles of Rb2S in 368g.

The amount of sodium sulfide formed would be 2.18 grams..

Hydrogen sulfide and sodium hydroxide react according to the following equation:

[tex]2 NaOH (aq) + H_2S (g) -- > 2 H_2O (l) + Na_2S (aq)[/tex]

Mole equivalent of 1.80 g hydrogen sulfide = 1.80/34.1 = 0.05 mol

Mole equivalent of 2.40 g of sodium hydroxide = 2.40/40 = 0.06 mol

From the equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of sodium hydroxide to hydrogen sulfide is 2:1. This means that 0.06 mol sodium hydroxide is limiting while 0.05 mol hydrogen sulfide is in excess.

The mole ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium sulfide is 2:1. Thus, the equivalent mole of sodium sulfide produced would be:

0.06/2 = 0.03 mol

Mass of 0.03 mol sodium sulfide = 0.03 x 78 = 2.34 grams

At 93.0% yield = 0.93 x 2.34

                        = 2.18 grams

In other words, the amount of sodium sulfide formed at 93.0% yield would be 2.18 grams.

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1.0 mole of Potassium fluoride is mixed to get 0.10 L of solution is 10 M  and 17.85 mole / L is the concentration of resulting solution of NH₃

Molarity = mol solute / L solution

= 1.0 mol/0.10 L

= 10 mol/L

= 10 M.

2 .28g (grams) of NH3 is dissolved in 500 mL of water. result of concentrating solution :

Molarity, M= number of moles/ volume of solution

                             M= n/ V

Number of moles, n= mass /molar mass

Molar mass of NaOH=500L/mole

                            Mass=28g

                             n= 500/28

                               ​ = 17.85 mole/ L

3. Claude wants to make 2L of 0.5 solution of AgCl , grams needed for solution :

                   0.5 mole/ 2 liter x 180 grams/mole x 2 liter

                          = 180 g

KF is the chemical formula for the compound potassium fluoride. KF is the most widely used source of fluoride ions in chemical and manufacturing processes, surpassing hydrogen fluoride. Carobbiite, a rare mineral, is where you can naturally find potassium fluoride, an alkali halide. Potassium fluoride is a white, crystalline, salty-tasting powder. It looks like sand. utilized as an insecticide, preserver, and etchant for glass.

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Answer: Hexanol -> Alcohol, Isobutyl acetate -> Ester, Octanol -> Alcohol, Propanoic acid -> Carboxylic Acid, Benzophenone -> Ketone, Dimethyl ether -> Ether, Chlorpheniramine -> N-Base.

What are functional groups?

A functional group in organic chemistry is a collection of atoms in a molecule that binds together to react predictably. Examples of functional groups include hydroxyl, ketone, amine and ether groups.

Therefore, the above are the types of the molecules derived from the name of the molecule.

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The velocity of the ball is calculated by the formula  v = Δs/Δt.

that is     [tex]\overline{v}={\frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}}[/tex]

Velocity is the direction at which an object is moving and serves as a measure of the rate at which its position is changing as seen from a specific point of view and as measured by a specific unit of time (for example, 60 km/h northbound). In kinematics, the area of classical mechanics that deals with the motion of bodies, velocity is a fundamental idea.

A physical vector quantity called velocity must have both a magnitude and a direction in order to be defined. Speed is the scalar absolute value (magnitude) of velocity; it is a coherent derived unit whose quantity is measured in metres per second (m/s or m/s1) in the SI (metric system). In contrast to "5 metres per second east," which is a vector, "5 metres per second," for instance, is a scalar.

By dividing the distance by the time, the ball's speed is determined. The average speed will be 60/3, or 20 feet per second (6.1 metres per second), if the time was 3 seconds.

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Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, or "LASER," is the abbreviation for this process. It applies to any apparatus that produces and amplifies a coherent, focused, narrow beam of light.

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The two primary methods for increasing current in an electrical circuit are to increase the voltage or to decrease the resistance.

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According to the stoichiometry of the given chemical equation, 24,295 g of liquid oxygen would a rocket have to carry to burn 14 kilograms (14,000 g) of diborane completely.

The measurement of element or compound amounts in a chemical process is known as stoichiometry. The laws of conservation of mass and merging weights and volumes serve as the foundation for the linked relationships.In quantitative analysis, stoichiometry is used to calculate the concentrations of various substances in the sample.

It helps make solutions with different concentrations that can be used in titrations and balance chemical equations. 48 g oxygen gives 27.66 g diborane thus, for 14000 g diborane 14000×48/27.66= 24,295 g oxygen is required.

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The type of bond formed between two atoms having opposite charges is an ionic bond.

There are mainly two types of bonds formed between two atoms depending upon the way in which the combining atoms attain an octet structure in their valence shell.

First is, Ionic bonds. These are formed by the transfer of one or more valence shell electrons from a metal atom to the valence shell of a non-metal atom both containing opposite charges. Ionic compounds exist as ions also.

Next is Covalent bonds. These bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the two combining atoms and they contribute an equal number of electrons for sharing. Covalent compounds only exist as molecules.

Other than these there are other types of bonding as well.

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Each blank is filled with the correct word from the given options as follows: 1: Surround the area with B: absorbent material, then cover the spill; 2: Scoop up the material and place in a A: plastic bag; 3: Place the bagged waste in a D: solid waste container; and 4: Wipe down the area with C: detergent and water.

A spill in the workplace can yield a variety of hazards and risks to workers so, in essence, it is essential that they understand how to clean up liquid spills that otherwise can be hazardous. So, such materials are needed to be appropriate disposed of. Following steps can  be followed to clean up liquid spills properly:

1: Surrounding the area with absorbent material, then covering the spill;

2: Scooping up the material and placing in a plastic bag;

3: Putting the bagged waste in a solid waste container;

4: Wiping down the area with detergent and water

"

Complete question is as follows:

Fill in the words to complete each step in liquid spill cleanup.

options:

A: plastic bag...

B: absorbent material...

C: detergent and water...

D: solid waste container...

1. Surround the area with _________, then cover the spill.

2. Scoop up the material and place in a ________

3. Place the bagged waste in a _________

4. Wipe down the area with _________

"

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28.0 grams of HCl are required to produce 459.5 g grams of Cl2.

To find out how many grams of HCl are required to produce 11.2 grams of Cl2, we need to use the balanced equation for the reaction between MNO2, HCl, MnCl2, and Cl2.

MNO2(s) + 4HCl(aq) → MnCl2(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2O

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of MNO2 reacts with 4 moles of HCl to produce 1 mole of Cl2.

To convert the mass of Cl2 to moles, we use the molar mass of Cl2, which is 35.5 g/mol:

11.2 g Cl2 / 35.5 g/mol = 0.316 mol Cl2

Since the reaction requires 4 moles of HCl for every 1 mole of Cl2, we can use the ratio between moles of HCl and moles of Cl2 to find the number of moles of HCl:

4 moles HCl / 1 mole Cl2 = 4 moles HCl/ 0.316 moles Cl2 = 12.6 moles HCl

To convert moles to grams, we use the molar mass of HCl, which is 36.46 g/mol:

12.6 moles HCl x 36.46 g/mol = 459.5 g HCl

Therefore, 28.0 grams of HCl are required to produce 11.2 grams of Cl2.

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The atmosphere's rising carbon dioxide concentrations are causing an increase in the greenhouse effect.

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Answer:

looks like separating

Explanation:

cutting the fabric with scissors

There are 18.066 x 10^23 molecules of H2O.

1 mole of a substance is defined as the amount of that substance that contains Avogadro's number of entities, which is 6.022 x 10^23. This number is also known as Avogadro's constant.

It is important to note that Avogadro's constant is specific to the number of entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) and not the mass or volume of a substance.

In the case of H2O (water), each molecule of water is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. Therefore, 1 mole of H2O contains 6.022 x 10^23 molecules of H2O, each containing 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

So, when we have 3 moles of H2O, we have 3 x 6.022 x 10^23 = 18.066 x 10^23 entities of H2O. As each molecule of H2O contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom, this means that we have 18.066 x 10^23 molecules of H2O.

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Methane creates a covalent bond that is non-polar. This is due to the fact that there is almost any distinction between the electronegativity of carbon and hydrogen.

Because the electronegativities of the C and H are comparable when we simply consider CH₃, we declare it to be non-polar. As a result, they cancel one another, making CH₃ non-polar.

A methyl anion, the [CH₃-] group, has covalent connections between its carbon and hydrogen atoms. Although a C-H bond has no bond polarity, the anion has molecular polarity because of the negative charge attached to carbon.

Methane creates a covalent bond that is non-polar.

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Bond line shows a molecular formula with a single line for each of the covalent links.

Define Bond line

Organic chemists have a convention for displaying molecular structures called bond line notation. This represents a bond between two atoms as a line. The ends of the line represent the positions of the bonded atoms. Only atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are particularly shown.

Pentane is the alkane's parent name for 1,4-dichloropentane. The prefix di- indicates that there are two substituents, and the numbers 1 and 4 indicate that they are on the corresponding carbons. Butane serves as the parent chain for sec-butyl bromide. Heptane serves as the parent chain for 4-isopropylheptane. Pentane serves as the parent chain for 2,2,3-trimethylpentane. Hexane serves as the parent chain for 3-Ethyl-2-methylhexane. Cyclopentane serves as the parent chain for dichlorocyclopentane.

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Answer:

The atomic radius of sodium (Na) is larger than the atomic radius of phosphorus (P). This means that the atoms of sodium are larger in size than the atoms of phosphorus.

In terms of metallic properties, sodium is a metal while phosphorus is a nonmetal. Metals typically have a shiny appearance, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and are typically malleable and ductile. Nonmetals are typically dull, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and are typically not malleable or ductile.

Sodium is a highly reactive metal and is usually found in nature as a compound rather than a pure element. It has a low melting point and boiling point, and is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Phosphorus is a nonmetal that can exist in different allotropic forms, white phosphorus is highly reactive, and red phosphorus is less reactive. It has a low melting and boiling point and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.

In summary, the atomic radius of sodium is larger than that of phosphorus and sodium is a metal while phosphorus is a nonmetal. Sodium has properties of high reactivity, low melting point and boiling point and good conductivity of heat and electricity while Phosphorus has properties of low reactivity, low melting and boiling point and poor conductivity of heat and electricity.

There are 9.033 x10²³  molecules in 1. 5 mol

By multiplying the sum of moles by the Avogadro constant, one can get the total number of atoms or molecules in a sample. The equation reads as follows:

number of molecule= moles x avogadro's number

One mole of material has 6.022x10² atoms, and equal quantities of different gases measured at the same pressure and temperature have the same number of molecules in them.

number of molecule= moles x avogadro's number

number of molecule= 1. 5 mol x  6.022x10²³

number of molecule= 9.033 x10²³

Therefore, there are 9.033 x10²³ molecules in 1. 5 mol of H₂O

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Carbon dioxide reacts with water in a reversible reaction to form carbonic acid (H2CO3).

What is meant by Carbon dioxide ?

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Obtain a flask that is thoroughly cleaned and dried. Cap the flask and invert several times to thoroughly mix the solution  are listed below.

What is volume ?

Volume, a three-dimensional quantity, is used to calculate the capacity of a solid shape. In order to calculate how much space a closed figure can occupy in three dimensions, volume is utilized. An example would be the space or shape that a substance, such as a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma, occupies. In addition, the cubic meter deriving from the S.I. is widely employed to quantify volume.

What is deionized water ?

Demineralized water, also known as DI water or DM water, is occasionally used interchangeably with DEI water. Most of the ions are no longer present in the water. Ions are atoms or molecules that are either positive ions (which are called cations) or negative ions (which are called anions) depending on the ratio of electrons to protons (called a cation).

Steps in preparation of dilute solution from a stock solution

1   Obtain a flask that is thoroughly cleaned and dried

2    Add the desired amount of stock solution

3   Add deionized water until the volume reaches the mark on the flask

4 Cap the flask and invert serval times to  thoroughly mix the solution

If a student accidentally adds deionized water past the calibration mark on a volumetric flask she should start over and make an entirely new solution. Because it is calibrated for the particular volume if excess deionized water is added it gives wrong values(errors) in titration.

Therefore,  Obtain a flask that is thoroughly cleaned and dried. Cap the flask and invert several times to thoroughly mix the solution  are listed above.

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Explanation:

when a big number is behind a compound, it means there is 2 of it.

for example 2Na would mean there is a sodium atom and another sodium atom not joined together, but they're just near.

when there is a 2 (which should be small and at the bottom) after an atom, it means there are 2 of that atom.

i hope this helps

In thin‑layer chromatography (TLC) plate 1: possible

middle: dot on top

dot w/circle on bottom

rest: impossible

Non-volatile mixtures can be separated using the chromatography technique known as thin-layer chromatography (TLC). A sheet of an inert substrate, such as glass, plastic, or aluminum foil, is used for thin-layer chromatography. This substrate is covered with a thin layer of an adsorbent material, often silica gel, aluminum oxide (alumina), or cellulose. In the TLC process, a solvent or combination of solvents serves as the mobile phase. You've come to the correct site if you want to learn more about the thin layer chromatography process. Here, we'll talk about its basic idea, how it works, and how it may be used in many fields of business.A line is often drawn 0.5–1.0 cm from the bottom of a thin layer chromatography plate, which is typically 5-7 cm high. You will place your mixes along that line for separation.

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Conjugated dienes are two double bonds separated by a single bond. Nonconjugated Dienes are two double bonds are separated by more than one single bond.

In general , p-orbitals were used to identify conjugation. These p-orbitals are significantly used to make double bonds, so a lone pair  is present in p-orbitals if it is conjugate . Hence, To be a conjugated atom it must have three or more p-orbitals in a row.

If we talk about Conjugated system, the covalent chemical compound, a group or chain of atoms that carries valence electrons  and they are not engaged in single-bond formation so they modify the behavior's of each other atoms present in the vicinity .

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You can apply the straightforward formula to determine the average atomic mass.

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