Fermentation replenishes NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue oxidizing glucose. due to the fact that fermentation regenerates oxidized NAD+ At the base of the Redox Tower.
What exactly is meant by fermentation?Fermentation is a biological process that involves the action of enzymes to cause chemical changes among organic substrates. It is narrowly defined in biochemistry as the extraction of carbohydrate energy in the absence of any oxygen.
What happens throughout fermentation?This is a metabolic process in which an organism converts a carbohydrate like starch or sugar into methanol or acid.. For example, yeast ferments sugar into alcohol to obtain energy. Bacteria ferment carbohydrates into lactic acid.
What does NAD+ do?NAD+ has two general sets of related reactions inside the human body: it aids in the conversion of foods into energy as a major role in metabolism and it acts as a helper molecule with proteins that govern other cellular activities. These procedures are critical.
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How many turns of the double helix must be unwound during replication of the e. coli chromosome?
It is given in the question that the E. coli chromosome contains 4,639,221 base pairs.
As we know that the one turn of double-stranded chromosome contains ten base pairs.
Therefore, if we need to find the number of turns for 4,639,221 base pairs, then we need to divide it by ten.
Hence, the number of turns of the double helix that is required for unwinding during replication of E. coli is 463922.
What is E. coli ?E. coli or Escherichia coli is a type of bacteria that is known to reside in our intestines. E. coli belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae. When this bacteria is found in urine, then it can cause some dangerous urine infections, ultimately infecting urinary tract infections.
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Nitrogen-15 amount of protons, neutrons,and electrons
Answer:
seven protons, eight neutrons and seven electrons make up an atom of nitrogen-15.
Explanation:
which process produces rna from dna
a.translaion
b.replication
c.trascription
d.conjugation
Answer: C transcription
Explanation:
Can someone answer these questions?
1. If antibiotics typically target peptidoglycan in the cell wall, then which type of bacteria
would be more difficult to kill and why?
2. Why is all the color lost when thin-walled bacteria are washed with alcohol during the
staining process?
3. Are bacteria living or non-living?
4. What is the purpose of Gram staining?
5. What pigment gives each stain its color?
Answer:1.Gram-positive bacteria, 2.some of the bacteria are able to retain the primary stain and some are decolorized by alcohol.
Explanation:
1. those species with peptidoglycan outer layers, are easier to kill - their thick peptidoglycan layer absorbs antibiotics and cleaning products easily. In contrast, their many-membraned cousins resist this intrusion with their multi-layered structure. Therefore, infection prevention techniques must ensure that they can breach the thick peptidoglycan layer of the Gram-positive bacteria but also get through the many layers of the Gram-negative bacteria. 2. The cell walls of gram positive bacteria have a thick layer of protein-sugar complexes called peptidoglycan and lipid content is low
i hope this helps :)
What is the independent variable?type of sugar
age of the rats
amount of sugar
weight of the rats
Which is a characteristic of the littoral zone of lake Erie?
A. floating aquatic plants
B.free-floating autotrophs
C. low level of biodiversity
D. wide variety of fish species
PLEASE ANSWER THIS I NEED IT FOR HW
The characteristic of the littoral zone of lake Erie among the above given choices is: floating aquatic plants.
The correct answer choice option a
What is meant by aquatic plants?These are plants which are generally adapted to survive in water to perform life processes.
Plants generally has chlorophyll in their chloroplast which enables them to manufacture their food by themselves through the process of photosynthesis.
These floating aquatic plants are plants belong to the littoral zone because they are organisms which are found in aquatic or water environment. And as such littoral zone includes to those areas of water bodies close to land.
So therefore, thecharacteristic of the littoral zone of lake Erie among the above given choices is: floating aquatic plants.
The correct answer choice option a
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Which organisms are heterotrophs 
The tissue found covering body surfaces, lining body cavities, forming the internal and external linings of many organs, and constituting most gland tissue is tissue.
The tissue found covering body surfaces, lining body cavities, forming the internal and external linings of many organs and constituting most gland tissue is epithelium tissue.
Epithelial tissues are one of the four basic types of animal tissues, the rest being muscular tissues, connective tissues and nervous tissues. They are thin, continuous, packed, protective layers of cells that line the outer surfaces of blood vessels and organs. Epithelial tissues can be classified based on the shape of individual cells and based on the number of layers.
Based on shape, epithelial tissues can be divided into squamous, cuboidal and columnar epithelial cells. Squamous cells are usually flat and are found on surfaces that are susceptible to rubbing and abrasion as they are easily replaced, for example, the skin. Cuboidal epithelial cells are cube shaped, and columnar cells are long. Some columnar epithelia have hair-like projections called cilia, and some act as glands and secrete mucus.
Based on the number of layers of cells, epithelial tissues can be divided into simple (single layer) and stratified (multiple layer) epithelial cells.
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Which structure is perforated with pores to allow material to move in and out of the nucleus?.
The nuclear envelope is perforated with pores to allow it to move in and out of the nucleus.
Every cell in the body has a nucleus, except for mature erythrocytes (red blood cells). While some cells contain more than one nucleus such as skeletal muscle and some other cells contain several nuclei.
The nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus. i. e. largest organelle of the cell. It has a similar structure to that of
the plasma membrane. But the nuclear envelope contains tiny pores that allow a few substances to pass between it and outside the cytoplasm, i.e. the cell contents excluding the nucleus.
Therefore, the nuclear envelope is perforated with pores to allow it to move in and out of the nucleus.
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tundra how it moves with carbon through the hydrosphere ?
Tundra is one of the world's largest carbon dioxide sinks. In other words, when biomass (organic matter, including plant and animal) decomposes, it absorbs more carbon dioxide than it releases into the atmosphere.
What is the tundra doing with CO2?When plants photosynthesis, they absorb it together with sunshine and water. When their life cycle is complete and their remnants decay, they return it to the atmosphere.
These natural processes, however, are greatly hindered in the Arctic due to the freezing temperature.
What is the carbon cycle in the tundra?During the brief summer growing season, when plant photosynthesis and growth exceed carbon respired by plants and soil back to the atmosphere, northern tundra and boreal ecosystems often accumulate carbon (carbon sink) stored in plant biomass and new organic material.
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Keys...
All changes saved
3. Alise is interested in finding out which laundry detergent would best
keep her black jeans from fading. She has purchased four different
detergents that all claim to reduce fading. She has purchased one pair
of black jeans and cut them into four equally sized pieces. After
conducting research, Alise has hypothesized that detergent #3 will
maintain the black color of her jeans. After experimentation, detergent
#3 showed the best results. What would you recommend that Alise do
next?
modify her hypothesis
accept her hypothesis
experiment again
reject her hypothesis
PAG
Answer:
accept her hypothosis
Explanation:
through experiment she was right stick with it
- Hello! I am currently in the systematical process, of completing a FRQ, for my AP Psychology, course, and was wondering, if you could potentially, provide assistance; help, on this scenario, as follows:
Prompt: Eighteen-year-old Jennifer is afraid of heights. She has sought professional help to overcome this paralyzing fear but to little avail. When she is higher than two stories, she is reminded of a frightening trip to a high observation deck as a child. Each time Jennifer knows she will be in a high place, she plans out her approach days ahead but is anxious and agitated until the moment arrives. She realizes her fears are irrational but cannot seem to help her behavior.
A) Explain how the following approaches to psychology would help Jennifer understand the causes of her fears.
• Humanistic
• Psychoanalytic
• Cognitive
• Behavioral
• Sociocultural
B) Explain how the following types of psychologists would attempt to examine Jennifer’s behavior.
• Counseling
• Developmental
Answer:
A) Behavioral
B) Developmental
Which statement is most accurate about thee evolution of modern camels?
A. Camels and vicuñas likely have extremely different dna sequence if compared
B. Camels and vicuñas, and guanacos evolved in North America 40million years ago and then migrated to different parts of the world.
C. Camels, llamas, vicuñas and guanacos do not have a common ancestor
D. As a common ancestor of camels, llamas, vicuñas, and Guanacos migrated out from North America, population evolved over time to adapt to their new environments.
The most accurate statement about the evolution of modern camels is that as a common ancestor of camels, llamas, vicuñas, and Guanacos migrated out from North America and evolved over time.
What is Evolution?This is referred to as the changes in heritable features of an organism over successive generations and is usually passed as a trait from the parent to offspring.
Camels, llamas, Vicuñas, and Guanacos had common ancestors which migrated out from North America. They however went through evolutionary processes so as to aid them adapt to their new environments.
This is therefore the reason why option D was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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Water molecules are formed using polar covalent bonds.
A. Identify the type of bond that holds different water molecules together
B. Explain how this bond gives water the all of the characteristics that make life possible on Earth.
Answer:
hydrogen bonding
Explanation:
water molecules are polar hence forming hydrogen bonding and this gives water unique properties such as relativly high melting and boiling points,high specific heat capacity, cohesion and adhesion
Which process occurs during a light-independent reaction?
A light source stimulates electrons to move through a chain of proteins called the electron transport chain.
The reaction uses the energy from ATP and NADPH molecules to form glucose from carbon dioxide.
Green chlorophyll molecules absorb solar energy.
ATP and NATPH molecules become energy carriers for the next stage of reactions.
The Calvin-Benson cycle and the light independent process both take place in the stroma of the chloroplast. Carbohydrates are created from carbon dioxide through a sequence of chemical processes.
These processes are powered by the ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent process.
What is referred to as photolysis?Photolysis is the interaction of one or more photons with one target molecule and is a chemical reaction in which an inorganic chemical (or an organic chemical) is broken down by photons. It is also referred to as photodissociation and photodecomposition.
ADP and a phosphate group are joined by the rotating ATP synthase to create ATP. This procedure, known as chemiosmosis, enables light-dependent electron transport to generate ATP in addition to NADPH (which is produced at the ETC's conclusion).
The Calvin cycle is also known as the C3 cycle, the nighttime reaction of photosynthesis, or the light-independent reaction. However, it is most active during the daytime when there is a surplus of ATP and NADPH.
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Do both cells in model 3 have nucleus?
Animal and plant cells have many differences. However, they also have many structures in common. One of them is the nucleus that protects their genetic material. Yes, both cells in model 3 have nucleus.
What are the differences between animal and plant cells?Among the differences between animal and plant cells, we can mention the followings,
Plant Cells
Have a cell wallHave chloroplastsHave a unique big-sized vacuoleHave plasmodium, chromoplasts, and glyoxysomes.Animal Cells,
Have centriolesHave many small vacuolesHowever, they also share many characteristics. Among them we can mention that both of them
are Eukaryotic cellshave a cell membrane carry their genetic material in the nucleus and mitochondria.have organelleshave microtubules in their cytosol have pigmentsThe attached image (model 3) shows two cells. One of them is a plant cell and the other one is an animal cell.
Both of them have a nucleus, among other structures in common. So the answer is YES, both cells in model 3 have nucleus.
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Causal experiments may be used to test predictions. these predictions may be used to refine physical models. these physical models may be used to develop explanations of natural events. true false
The given statement is true that Causal experiments may be used to test predictions, these predictions may be used to refine physical models and these physical models may be used to develop explanations of natural events.
Scientific studies are used to test hypothesis . These hypothesis tests are used to refine models and These models are then used to develop explanations.
A hypothesis is idea about how something works that can be tested using experiments. A prediction is what will happen in an experiment if the hypothesis is correct.
Hypothesis is a statement that is capable of being falsified (capable of being shown to be wrong or incorrect). It is not a question.Scientific method-There is no such thing as a "scientific method"; there are only multiple and different ways of generating evidence-based understanding.Model- It is a tool (physical, conceptual, or mathematical) used to advance the scientific understanding of a phenomenon by the use of the tool.learn more about prediction and hypothesis here-
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If the scale of this map is 1 cm=600km. What is the distance between Chicago, Illinois and Beijing, China?
Answer:
10 629 kilometers or 5,739 nautical miles
Explanation:
im right
It is difficult to study the specialized abilities of the left and right cerebral hemispheres in the brains of normal individuals because.
It is difficult to study the specialized abilities of the left and right cerebral hemispheres in the brains of normal individuals because the information is exchanged between the two hemispheres swiftly and thoroughly.
The longitudinal fissure divides the two cerebral hemispheres that make up the vertebrate cerebrum (brain). Therefore, the left and right cerebral hemispheres of the brain can be considered to be separate. The cerebral cortex, which is the outermost layer of grey matter in each of these hemispheres, is supported by an inner layer of white matter. In eutherian (placental) mammals, the corpus callosum, a massive bundle of nerve fibers, connects the hemispheres. Other vertebrates also have smaller commissures that connect the hemispheres, including as the fornix, anterior commissure, and posterior commissure. To coordinate regional operations, these commissures transmit information between the two hemispheres.The cerebral hemispheres have three known poles.The information is exchanged between the two hemispheres swiftly and thoroughly.
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Many times a shark is seen with pilot fish swimming around it, eating scraps of food from the shark's meal. The shark is not harmed by the pilot fish, and the pilot fish benefits from the shark. What kind of relationship is this?
Commensalism : One organism benefits while the other neither benefits nor is harmed.
Commensalism :Long-term biological interactions known as commensalism occur when members of one species benefit while members of the other species suffer neither benefits nor harm.
What is a interspecies relationship?A nonsexual relationship that develops between animals of various species is known as an interspecies friendship. There have been numerous reports of interspecies relationships between wild and domesticated animals that have been captured on camera and in video. Competition, predation, and symbiosis are the three main divisions of interspecies interactions.
What is the difference between interspecific and interspecies?While intraspecific interaction refers to competition between members of the same species for territory, food, and mating, interspecific competition is the competition between members of different species for either food or territory.
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What is the function of a stop codon?
A) tells ribosomes and tRNA to stop reading codons and detach
B) tells ribosomes and tRNA molecules to attach to a strand of mRNA and begin reading and translating the codons that follow
C) tells ribosomes and tRNA to return to the nucleus of the cell
D) tells ribosomes and tRNA to package the proteins for transport out of the cell
The function of the stop codon is that it tells ribosomes and tRNA to stop reading codons and detach. That is option A.
What is stop codon?Stop codon which is also known as the terminal codon is defined as the sequence of nucleotides that signals the cell to terminate the production of proteins.
Examples of the stop codons seen in the cells include the following sequences:
UAG, UAA, and UGA.The functions of stop codons include the following:
They signal the end of protein coding sequences,They mark the site at which protein synthesis ends, andThey disassociate the ribosomal subunits.Therefore, the function of the stop codon is that it is tells ribosomes and tRNA to stop reading codons and detach.
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What type of signal directs the synaptic vesicles to release their neurotransmitters into the synapse?.
Electrical signals direct the synaptic vesicles to release their neurotransmitters into the synapse.
Synaptic vesicles are the key organelles at the neuron terminals involved in synaptic transmission. They store neurotransmitters that are released in the synapses through an electrical impulse. A synapse is a gap between two neurons through which the electrical impulse is transferred from one neuron to another.
Directing synaptic vesicles through electrical impulses occurs by exocytosis. Exocytosis is observed to be a result of protein-protein interactions. Proteins of synaptic vesicles interact with the proteins of the plasma membrane of the pre-synaptic axon terminal and direct the synaptic vesicle to release neurotransmitters into the synapse.
We can thus say that neurons communicate through electrical impulses, often called action potentials, and chemical neurotransmitters released into the synapse.
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what is a density of an object whose mass is 180 gramsand whose volume is 45cm3
Answer:
4.04
Explanation:
density=mass/volume
we know the mass and volume so we can plug it into the formula to get the equation density=180/45. then just divide that and you get 4.04
In a chemical reaction, substance A transfers electrons to substance B. which statement is correct?
• Substance B is oxidized and acts as the reducing agent.
•Substance A is oxidized and acts as the oxidizing agent.
•Substance A is reduced and acts as the reducing agent.
•Substance B is reduced and acts as the oxidizing agent.
Chemical reactions are said to be the changes that form new substances. When A transfers electrons to B then substance B is reduced acts as an oxidizing agent.
What are oxidizing agents?Chemical reactions are said to use compounds known as electron acceptors as oxidizing agents. They receive electrons from the reducing agent to finish their electrical configuration of the valence shell. These also go by the name "oxidizer."
Because it donates extra electrons from the valence shell, substance A, which is an electron donor, acts as a reducing agent. While giving electrons, some compounds undergo reduction. The best example of this is NaCl, where the sodium atom provides electrons and the chlorine atom takes them.
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Principles of Ecology
NEW VOCABULARY
autotroph
biomass
carnivore
detritivore
food chain
food web
herbivore
heterotroph
omnivore
trophic level
Caden Holm a
yoad
Use your book to fill in vocabulary terms in this paragraph about
food chains.
In a
, matter and energy move from
. A food chain is made of several steps; each organism
in the food chain represents a step called a
A(n)
to
is a heterotroph that eats only plants, whereas a
preys on other heterotrophs. A(n)
plants and animals. Nutrients are returned to the soil, air, and water by
A model that shows all the possible feeding
relationships at each trophic level is called a
If you were a
scientist and you wanted to determine the weight of living matter at a
certain trophic level, you would measure the
eats both
A trophic web is an interaction between different organisms in which energy transference occurs. 1) food chain, 2) autotroph, 3) heterotroph, 4) trophic level, 5) herbivore, 6) carnivore, 7) omnivore, 8) detritivore, 9) food web, 10) biomass.
What is a trophic web?
The trophic web is the interaction between different organisms involving the transference of energy when some of them feed on the other ones.
Organisms occupy different trophic levels in the web. The ones placed at lower levels pass energy to the ones at the higher levels.
Organisms at each level feed on the preceding one and become food for the next one.
The first link corresponds to a producer organism -autotroph-.The following links are the consumers -heterotrophs-: herbivores and carnivores.The last links are the decomposers that degrade organic matter from dead organisms.A trophic web is composed of different food chains. Several food chains interconnected create a trophic web (food web).
Because it is a web, all organisms are in equilibrium until a change occurs. When a sudden change affects any of the involved links, there can be a cascade effect on the web.
In a (1) food chain , matter and energy move from (2) autotroph to (3) heterotroph .A food chain is made of several steps; each organism in the food chain represents a step called a (4) trophic level . A(n) (5) herbivore is a heterotroph that eats only plants, whereas a (6) carnivore preys on other heterotrophs. A(n) (7) omnivore eats both plants and animals. Nutrients are returned to the soil, air, and water by (8) detritivore .A model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level is called a (9) food web .If you were a scientist and you wanted to determine the weight of living matter at a certain trophic level, you would measure the (10) biomass .You can learn more about trophic webs at
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Complete question
Use your book to fill in vocabulary terms in this paragraph about food chains.
In a (1) , matter and energy move from (2) to (3) .
A food chain is made of several steps; each organism in the food chain represents a step called a (4) .
A(n) (5) is a heterotroph that eats only plants, whereas a (6)
preys on other heterotrophs.
A(n) (7) eats both plants and animals.
Nutrients are returned to the soil, air, and water by (8) .
A model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level is called a (9) .
If you were a scientist and you wanted to determine the weight of living matter at a certain trophic level, you would measure the (10) .
Terms
autotrophbiomasscarnivoredetritivorefood chainfood webherbivoreheterotrophomnivoretrophic levelYou should ask the patient if he/she is okay before performing cpr. true or false
Yes, we should to ask to patients if she or he okay before CPR.
True or false: CPR should be to a patient who is unconscious but not unresponsive?CPR needs to be started right away if the patient isn't breathing, unconscious, or has no pulse. Always keep in mind that chest compressions are the first step in good CPR. It's crucial to remember that death is most likely to occur after 10 minutes of brain oxygen deprivation.
Before performing CPR , check vict is responding or not. Ask her if she is ok and touch on her shoulder. If she responds or is breathing CPR is not necessary.
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Answer: This is true.
Explanation: Before performing any first aid/CPR, you should ask permission unless they are unconscious or unresponsive.
Our brains are able to focus on and process ____________ of the information we perceive. a. all b. most c. very little d. approximately half please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
IT'S LETTER "C" (VERRY LITTLE)Explanation:
Correct Me If I'm Wrong
Fish without jaws are called _____ and includes the _____ and the_____
Answer: There are two categories of jawless fish: hagfish and lampreys. Hagfish usually feed on dead or dying fish. These fish can be found around the tunnels they dig in muddy bottoms, in moderate depths and cold waters. Scientists only know of about 20 species of hagfish worldwide.May 8, 2017
Sorry if it doesn't answer your sentence or question , i just thought about writing this..
Which step in respiration utilizes a terminal electron acceptor such as diatomic oxygen (o2)?
Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration, eletron transport chain. The electrons travel via the electron transport chain and ATPase, the enzyme that produces high-energy ATP molecules, before being taken up by oxygen.
What is electron transport chain?An electron transport chain (ETC) is a collection of protein complexes and other molecules that connect protons (H+ ions) across a membrane with the transfer of electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox processes (both reduction and oxidation occur simultaneously) a group of proteins in the mitochondria's inner membrane. The inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotic organisms houses the electron transport chain and the location of oxidative phosphorylation.The ETC receives electrons from NADH and FADH2 through the cooperation of four big multisubunit enzyme complexes and two mobile electron carriers. The electron transport chain contains a large number of membrane-bound enzymes.Learn more about the electron transport chain with the help of the given link:
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Plant cells and some animal cells have
vacuoles, however, plant cell vacuoles
are...
A. much higher in quantity.
B. much larger in size.
C. very rare.
Answer:
B. much larger in size.
:0 x
