From the 2 enthalpy profile diagrams, state which
one is likely to represent this reaction 6C(s) + 6H2(g) + 3O2(g) → C6H12O6(s) Hf = -1086.4 kJ mol-1 and give a reason why.

-78.5 kilojoules of heat released per gram of the compound reacted with oxygen.

Heat is the result of the movement of kinetic energy within a material or an item, or from an energy source to a material or an object. Radiation, conduction, and convection are the three mechanisms through which such energy can be transferred.

Calculation:

B2H6 + 3O2 ------> B2O3 + 3H2O

∆H = ∑ ∆H(products) - ∑ ∆H(reactants)

∆H = { ∆H B2O3 + 3∆H H2O) - { ∆H B2H6 + 3∆H O2}

∆H = {(1273.5) + 3 ×(-285.8)} - {(36.4) + 0}

∆H = -2167.3KJ/mol

1mol of B2H6 = 2(10.8) + 6(1)

                        = 27.6g

∆H = -2167. 3KJ/27.6 g= -78.5 KJ/g.

Hence, the amount of -78.5 kilojoules of heat released per gram of the compound reacted with oxygen.

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Water-soluble strong electrolyte or weak electrolyte Cu(NO3)2 CH, NH, CHOH, KCIO, and H.SO

Types of electrolytes include sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium. We obtain them through the foods and beverages we consume (see the chart below for further examples). Blood tests are used to assess electrolyte levels, which must remain within a very narrow range to prevent major issues.

Taking an electrolyte supplement is undoubtedly an excellent option for daily health as dehydration may make you tired and produce headaches. You can feel more in control of your thoughts and maintain the proper level of hydration by consuming the optimum number of electrolytes.

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Fatty Acid Biosynthesis:-

Conducted by cyclic processes, requires acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Amino Acid Biosynthesis:-

Requires diverse enzymes, requires fixed nitrogen, uses glutamate dehydrogenase

Both:- Requires reducing energy, requires fixed carbon

Fatty acids are primary metabolites synthesized by complex, elegant, and essential biosynthetic machinery. Fatty acid biosynthesis begins with acetyl-CoA, and carboxylation produces the malonyl-CoA building blocks that are subsequently condensed and reduced in an iterative fashion until the fatty acid chain matures for use by the cell.

Amino acids are classically considered the building blocks from which proteins are synthesized. The biosynthesis of amino acids involves several biochemical pathways in which amino acids are assembled from other precursors. The biosynthesis of amino acids is distinct from that involving lipids or carbohydrates because it includes the use of nitrogen.

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The relative molecular mass of the acid, H₂A, given that it required 22.80 cm³ of 0.150 moldm⁻³ aqueous NaOH for complete reaction is 1181.29 g/mol

We'll begin by obtaining the number of mole of the acid that reacted. Details below:

H₂A(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2Na*(aq) + A²⁻(aq) + 2H₂O(l)

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles of NaOH reacted with 1 mole of H₂A.

Therefore,

0.00342 mole of NaOH will react with = 0.00342 / 2 = 0.00171 mole of H₂A

Finally, we shall determin what molar mass of the acid, H₂A. Details below:

Molar mass = mass / mole

Molar mass = 2.02 / 0.00171

Molar mass = 1181.29 g/mol

Thus, the molar mass of the acid, H₂A is 1181.29 g/mol

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The electron-pair geometry around the P atom in PO(OH)₃ is tetrahedral. the molecular geometry of PO(OH)₃ is tetrahedral. the electron pair geometry of XeO₃ is tetrahedral and the molecular geometry is pyramidal.

The electron-pair geometry around the P atom in PO(OH)₃ is tetrahedral. There are lone pair(s) around the central atom is zero, so the molecular  geometry of PO(OH)₃  is same as the electron pair geometry is tetrahedral.

The  the electron pair geometry of XeO₃ is tetrahedral.  There are lone pairs around the central atom is one lone pair of electrons, so the molecular geometry is different from electron pair geometry of XeO₃ is pyramidal.

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Answer:4.8: lsotopes

Explanation:

An isotope is one of two or more chemical elements that exist in different forms. Varied isotopes of an element share the same atomic number and protons in their nuclei, giving them the same atomic weight. However, each elemental isotope has a different amount of neutrons, which changes its atomic weight.

Isotopes are members of the same element's family but have variable numbers of neutrons despite having the same number of protons. The atomic number of an element on the Periodic Table is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus.

The name "isotope" refers to the fact that different isotopes of the same element occupy the same location on the periodic table. The term "isotope" is derived from the Greek words "the same place" (isos) and "the same place" (topos), respectively.

Name Tin¹¹⁹₅₀

Atomic Mass 118.71 atomic mass units

Number of Protons 50

Number of Neutrons 69

Number of Electrons 50

Name Tin¹²¹₅₀

Atomic Mass 118.71 atomic mass units

Number of Protons 50

Number of Neutrons 71

Number of Electrons 50

Thus, An isotope is one of two or more chemical elements that exist in different forms.

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The electron configuration of the ruthenium II ion is written as; [tex]1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^10 4s^2 4p^6 4d^7 5s^1[/tex]

We know that electrons are arranged in a specific way in the atoms of the elements. The way and manner in which the electrons are arranged in the atom of the element is what is going to determine the kind of chemical reactions that the specie is going to undergo.

Here we have the the ruthenium II ion and we know that ruthenium is one of the transition elements and it does have some electrons that can be found in the d orbitals and that is why we can find it in the d block of the periodic table.

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Here some signs of chemical change :

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Answer:

30.9 g He

Explanation:

To find the mass of the helium (He) sample, you need to

(1) convert atoms to moles (using Avogadro's Number)

(2) convert moles to grams (using the atomic mass of He)

It is important to arrange the conversions/ratios in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs like the given value (4.65 x 10²⁴ = 3 sig figs).

Avogadro's Number:

6.022 x 10²³ atoms = 1 mole

Atomic Mass (He): 4.0026 g/mol

4.65 x 10²⁴ atoms He                     1 mole                     4.0026 g
--------------------------------  x  --------------------------------  x  -----------------  =  30.9 g He
                                             6.022 x 10²³ atoms              1 mole

The largest internuclear distance is seen in cl2. The equilibrium distance between the two atoms' nuclei that make up a covalent connection is known as the bond length or bond distance.

It is often measured in nanometers or angstroms. The average distance between the nuclei of two bound atoms in a molecule is referred to in molecular geometry as the bond length or bond distance. It is a movable quality of a link between atoms of fixed kinds, largely independent of the remainder of the molecule. The term "internuclear distance" refers to the separation between two nuclei. It varies inversely with ion bond order, which indicates that the smaller the internuclear distance, the higher the bond order.

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When electrons are shared between two atoms, they make a bond called a covalent bond

A non-polar covalent bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs when two atoms share electrons equally. As a result, the number of electrons shared by the neighboring atoms in an atom would be equal.

Since the difference in electronegativity is usually small, the covalent bond is often referred to as nonpolar. It also means that there is no charge separation between the two atoms or that their electronegativity is identical. When atoms that share a polar bond arrange themselves in such a way that their electric charges cancel each other out, this type of bond is formed.

A non-polar covalent bond may form between two non-metal atoms that are the same or between atoms that are different.

Non-polar covalent compounds are covalent compounds that have no difference in electronegativity. There is no improvement in electronegativity in these compounds because bond pairs of electrons do not move towards the bonded atoms.

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An unsaturated solution is one in which more solute can be dissolved into the solution. The solution has yet not reached its saturation point and its concentration can be further increased.

A saturated solution is one in which no more solute can be dissolved. The solution has reached the maximum concentration that it possibly can at that temperature.

When more solute is added to an unsaturated solution, it dissolves into the solution, increasing the concentration of the solute. Unless the saturation point is reached in the solution, no solute settles at the bottom of the container. Any amount of solute can be added to a solution until it reaches its saturation point.

When more and more solute is added to a saturated solution, it has no effect on the concentration of the solution. The solute settles to the bottom of the container as it can not be dissolved anymore. Causing an increase in the temperature can increase the solubility of the solution and increase the amount of solute that can be dissolved into the solution.

A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in which one or more substances are dissolved in a medium such as liquid or a gas. The dissolved part that is usually less in mass is called the solute and the dissolving medium that is usually present in excess is called the solvent. An example of a solid-liquid solution can be a salt-water solution. An example of a liquid-liquid solution can be an alcohol-water solution.

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10 electrons, no lone pairs In the Lewis structure, each line represents a bond that holds a pair of electrons. Two single bonds and one triple bond each have 10 shared electrons.

Because they always occur at the extremities of a chain of atoms, hydrogen atoms can only form single bonds. With carbon, nitrogen, or oxygen, hydrogen is frequently linked. Only O2, O3, superoxides, and peroxides are exceptions to the rule that oxygen atoms do not normally connect to one another.

The idea of the octet rule, in which atoms share electrons so that each has eight electrons in its outer shell, is the foundation of a Lewis structure. The outer shell of an oxygen atom, for instance, has six electrons.

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The salt solution has served as a buffer system, preventing pH changes caused by the addition of acid or base to the solution.

Since the hydrogen ion is a component of the acid, it reacts with the base to produce salt, which prevents the pH from changing too much.

The buffer solution's acid addition has been specified as:

[tex]HCl +NH_{3} > > > NH_{4} Cl[/tex]

To prevent the pH from changing, the base addition to the buffer combines with the acid component to create salts.

Following are the instructions for adding the base, NaOH, to the buffer solution:

[tex]NaOH + NH_{4} ^{+} > > > > > Na^{+}+ NH_{3}+ H_{2}O[/tex]

A buffer solution is an aqueous mixture of a weak acid and either its conjugate base or the base itself. When a modest amount of a strong acid or base is applied to it, the pH hardly changes at all.

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The carbonile subtracts a H atom from the HCl in the initial step. The OH+ will then transfer the charge to the carbon, which is tertiary and readily stabilized, via resonance. After that, the chlorine subtracts a hydrogen atom to create a stable double bond on the charged carbon. Now, this combines with a second benzaldehyde molecule, and the result is a condensation product.

Depending on their intended use, heat exchangers are optimized. The minimum initial cost, minimum operating cost, maximum efficiency, minimal pressure drop, minimal heat transfer area, minimal weight, or material are the most frequently used optimization criteria for heat exchangers.

The heat model is a behavioral approach that can be used to deal with complaints. It seeks to calm down and defuse the complainants' anger while, whenever possible, focusing on finding a solution to the problem or issue.

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100Eu+e 16S---Sm150  represents alpha decay because  minimum penetration power and highest ionization power.

A positively charged particle similar to the helium-4 nucleus is spontaneously released during alpha decay. Two protons and two neutrons make up this particle, also referred to as an alpha particle. Sir Ernest Rutherford made the discovery and gave it a name in 1899.

The nuclei of heavy elements like radium, uranium, thorium, etc. undergo alpha decay. When a radium (Ra) nucleus decays, it releases an alpha particle and transforms into a radon (Rn) nucleus.

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The products such as dishwashing liquids, toothpaste and butter are important in chemistry and have different uses.

Dishwashing liquid has the chemical method is C17H35COO- plus a metallic cation, both Na+ or K+. The very last molecule is known as sodium stearate and is a kind of salt. Depending at the metallic cation, soaps are both potassium salts or sodium salts organized as long-chain carboxylic acids.

Everyday items, inclusive of toothpaste, revolve round chemistry. Lets first start out with toothpaste's maximum widely known element Sodium Fluoride.

Some molecules like water (H20) or sugar (C6H12O6), butter does now no longer have one molecular formula; rather, it's far a aggregate of triglycerides.

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NaPO3 and CuO produce CuNaPO4 as the result of the synthesis procedure. Synthesis reactions are those in which two chemicals react to produce a single result.

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There are many ways  in which it can be ensured that chemicals do not get spilled .

How quickly a chemical spill or leak can cause a serious accident or disaster is shocking. Chemical production, storage, and transportation all present a multitude of potential accident sites due to their volatile nature. Chemical safety in the workplace can be greatly increased by putting in place a strong emergency response plan and well-established spill prevention procedures.

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Answer:

Shift it toward the side with lower total mole concentration

Explanation:

Le Châtelier's principle states that if there is a change in conditions (for example pressure, temperature) to a closed system in dynamic equilibrium, the equilibrium will shift to minimise the change.

Pressure is caused by the collision of gas molecules. The more molecules there are, the greater the pressure so the system must reduce in pressure to counteract the increase in pressure and restore equilibrium. It does this by shifting to the side with lower total mole concentration to decrease the pressure again.

The correctly balanced equation for the reaction of rust is 4Fe + 3O₂ + 2xH₂O → 2Fe₂O₃. x H₂O.

The correct equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid and iron is 2HCl + Fe → FeCl₂ + H₂.

The correctly balanced equation for the reaction of KOH and H₂SO₄ is KOH + H₂SO₄ → K₂SO₄ + H₂O.

A chemical reaction is a process to rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products. Rusting is a chemical reaction between iron, water, and air (oxygen gas).

A chemical reaction between acid and metal is salt and hydrogen gas.

A chemical reaction between acid and base is salt and water.

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the complete nuclide symbols for the particles that are required to balance the following nuclear reactions is : 54Cr24

Let the reactant be X, Balance mass number on both sides, mass of Bi + mass of X = mass of n + mass of Bh 1*209 +  M  = 1*1 + 1*262, M = 54. Balance atomic number on both sides atomic of Bi + atomic of X = atomic of n + atomic of Bh,1*83 +  A  = 1*0 + 1*107, A = 24. Atomic number 24 is for element Cr. So, the reactant is 54-C. Answer: 54Cr24. Nuclides are frequently authored as AZX, in Which an is the total amount of protons and neutrons, Z reflects the amount of protons, and the distinction between B and Z represents the number of neutrons. Thus, 3717Cl signifies chlorine-37. A balanced equation is a chemical equation wherein mass is preserved so each element has an equivalent atomic mass on both sides of the issue.

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When an U-235 nucleus absorbs an extra neutron, it quickly breaks in two parts. This process is known as the fission .

Each time a U-235 nucleus splits up, it releases the two or three neutrons. Hence,  possibility exists for creating a chain reaction.

In nucleus of each atom of uranium-235 (U-235) are 92 protons and 143 neutrons, for the total of 235. The arrangement of the particles within uranium-235 is somewhat unstable and nucleus can disintegrate if it is being excited by an outside source.

Production of neutrons is the main purpose of the MIT Research Reactor. The center active core contains an enormous number of neutrons that are moving at extremely high speeds in all directions while it is active.

Six boron-stainless steel control blades that are installed vertically next to the fuel components in the MIT reactor's uranium nuclei primarily regulate the pace of fissions. Neutrons can be absorbed by boron without being reemitted.

The amount of neutrons that the control blades absorb from the uranium when they are fully implanted is too great for a chain reaction to continue. The reactor's control blades are lifted very gradually to turn it on. more neutrons are produced as less and fewer of them are absorbed.

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The HCl acid is stronger than all of the following because chlorine atom is more electronegative.

HCl is a sturdy acid as it dissociates nearly completely. By contrast, a susceptible acid like acetic acid (CH3COOH) does now no longer dissociate properly in water – many H+ ions stay bound-up inside the molecule. In summary: the more potent the acid the extra loose H+ ions are launched into solution.

HCl is a more potent acid than HF due to the fact fluorine is extra electronegative than chlorine.H2S is extra acidic than water due to the fact OH bonds are more potent than SH bonds. Sulfur is likewise large than oxygen, in order that allows stabilize the SH− anion relative to OH.

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1 . a.

Solution :

a. The oxidation reduction reactio is

1.    HNO₃ + Cu(3) --> Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O(l) + 2NO₂(g)

    Half reaction

    oxidation --> Cu(s) --> Cu(NO₃)₂(aq)

    reduction --> HNO₃ -->NO₂

   copper is oxidized and nitrogen is reduced

2 ->  CuSO₄(aq) + zn(s) --> Cu(s) + ZnSO₄(aq)

        Half reaction .

        oxidation --> Zn(s) --> ZnSO4(aq)

        Reduction --> CuSO₄ (aq) --> Cu(s)

        zinc is oxidized and copper is reduced.

3 ->   Zn(s) + 2H⁺(aq) --> Zn²⁺(aq) + H₂(g)

        oxidation --> Zn(s) --> Zn²⁺(aq)

         Reduction --> 2H⁺(aq) -->H₂(g)

        Zinc is oxidized and hydrogen is reduced .

b .  Acid - base reaction

       CuO(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) -->CuSO₄(aq) + H₂O(l)

       precipitation reaction

      Cu(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2NAOH(aq) -->Cu(OH)₂ + 2NANO₃

2 .  21.33 mL of 3.0 M NAOH are required to neutralize 4.0 mL of 16.0 M                        HNO2

1 mole of NAOH required to neutralized the

     1 mole of HNO₃

   NAOH + HNO₃ --> H₂O +NANO₃

 (M₁V₁)NAOH  =  (M₂V₂)HNO2

  3 * V₁  = 4 * 16

     V₁ = 64/3

     V₁= 21.33 ml

The term oxidation was originally used to describe the reaction in which an element combines with oxygen.

Example: The reaction of magnesium metal with oxygen to form magnesium oxide involves the oxidation of magnesium.

The term reduction comes from the Latin root and means "to undo". So anything that goes back to magnesium metal is a reduction.

The reaction of magnesium oxide with carbon at 200°C to form magnesium metal and carbon monoxide is an example of the reduction of magnesium oxide to magnesium metal.

electrons were discovered, the chemist became convinced that redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one of his atoms to another.

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The two most frequent types of reducing agents employed in organic chemistry are dissolving metal reagents and hydride reducing agents. Here, the term "chemical substance" refers to  metal catalysts.

As well as reducing agents. that alter the speed of chemical reactions or interact with other chemical compounds during those reactions. For the purposes of this recommendation, they are ingredients utilized to create the drug substance or an excipient that is a component of a pharmaceutical product. The process of catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the rate of the reaction. Neither during the reaction nor after it, catalysts are consumed.

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The ocean's hydrogen ions rise with an increase in dissolved CO2 concentration.

It is possible to describe the mass of a solute in a given volume or the number of moles of a solute in a given volume when describing the concentration of a solute in a solvent. These are essentially conversion factors that establish the molecular mass or equivalent mass of a solute in relation to the volume of a solution.

You can use your resources more wisely and address issues more successfully when you're focused. The likelihood that you may overlook crucial information decreases while you are focused. You'll remember information more quickly if you maintain concentrate.

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Temperature inversions are present during strong sieges of acidic smog in London. This type of inversion combined with the combustion of coal during December of 1952 resulted in thousands of deaths from the resulting smog.

What is Temperature?

Temperature refers to the hotness or coolness of a body. In specific terms, it is the means of determining the kinetic energy of particles within an object. When particles move more quickly, the temperature rises, and vice versa.

The temperature has a crucial part in practically every area of our everyday life as well as in all scientific domains, from physics to geology.

As the temperature rises, so does the velocity of these particles.

Temperature is a proportion of how hot or cold something is; explicitly, a proportion of the typical motor energy of the particles in an item, which is a sort of energy related with movement. Be that as it may, how hot will be hot, and the way in which cold will be cold? The terms hot and cold are not extremely logical terms. We should utilize temperature to portray how hot or cold something is. How hot, for example, is liquefied iron? To respond to that inquiry, an actual researcher would gauge the temperature of the fluid metal. It is less befuddling to utilize temperature rather than words like hot or cold.

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The correct statement regarding galvanic cells is that it converts chemical energy into electrical energy

An electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of spontaneous redox reactions into electrical energy is known as a galvanic cell or a voltaic cell. Galvanic cell Voltaic cell is an electrochemical cell that makes use of chemical reactions to generate electrical energy

Galvanic cells usually harness the electrical energy available from the electron transfer in a redox reaction to perform useful electrical work. The key to gathering the electron flow is to separate the oxidation and reduction half-reactions, connecting them by a wire, so that the electrons must flow through that wire

Galvanic cells derives its energy from spontaneous redox reactions, while electrolytic cells involve non-spontaneous reactions and thus require an external electron source like a DC battery or an AC power source.

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