The standard enthalpy of combustion is ΔHcombustion = ΔHf(products) - ΔHf(reactants) = -6353.8 kJ/mol - (-2218.2 kJ/mol) = -4135.6 kJ/mol.
How to estimate the standard enthalpy of combution of sucrose?To estimate the standard enthalpy of combustion of sucrose, we can use the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants and products. Here are the steps to follow:Write out the balanced equation for the combustion of sucrose: C12H22O11 + 12O2 --> 12CO2 + 11H2OLook up the standard enthalpies of formation for each of the reactants and products. These can be found in tables of thermodynamic data.Use the equation ΔH combustion = ΔHf(products) - ΔHf(reactants) to calculate the standard enthalpy of combustion.The standard enthalpies of formation of reactants are C12H22O11 (sucrose) + 12O2(g) = -2218.2 kJ/mol + 0 kJ/mol = -2218.2 kJ/molThe standard enthalpies of formation of products are 12CO2(g) + 11H2O(l) = -3935.4 kJ/mol + -2418.4 kJ/mol = -6353.8 kJ/molTherefore the standard enthalpy of combustion is ΔHcombustion = ΔHf(products) - ΔHf(reactants) = -6353.8 kJ/mol - (-2218.2 kJ/mol) = -4135.6 kJ/mol.To learn more about standard enthalpy refer:
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How many moles of h3po4 are in grams
There is no direct conversion from moles to grams. You need to know the molar mass of H3PO4 to calculate the number of grams. The molar mass of H3PO4 is 97.99 g/mol.
What is Molar mass?
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a given substance, measured in grams per mole (g/mol). It is a unit of measurement used to determine the amount of a substance in a sample. The molar mass of a substance is related to its molecular weight, which is the sum of the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule.
Therefore, There is no direct conversion from moles to grams.
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in a nuclear fusion reaction the mass of the products is
In a nuclear fusion reaction the mass of the products is less than the mass of the two original nuclei.
What is nuclear fusion means?A reaction known as nuclear fusion occurs when two or more atomic nuclei fuse to create new atomic and subatomic particles. Energy is released or absorbed depending on how much mass there is between the reactants and products.The Sun and other stars are powered by nuclear fusion reactions. A heavier nucleus is created when two light nuclei fuse together in a fusion reaction. Because the mass of the resulting single nucleus is smaller than the combined mass of the two initial nuclei, the process produces energy.By dissolving large, heavy atoms, like uranium, into smaller ones, like iodine, caesium, strontium, xenon, and barium, to name just a few, fission produces energy. Fusion, however, combines light atoms.Learn more about nuclear fusion refer to ;
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write an ionic equation for the reaction that will occur if you add chlorine water to a solution of sodium astatide. Assume that astatine is insoluble in water. Explain clearly why this reaction would be counted as a redox reaction
The ionic equation for the reaction of chlorine water and sodium astatide is:
2Cl- + 2Na+ → 2NaCl + At2-
This reaction would be counted as a redox reaction because chlorine is being reduced from a chlorine anion (Cl-) to a chloride ion (Cl2-), while sodium is being oxidized from a sodium cation (Na+) to a sodium cation (Na+). This reaction involves the transfer of electrons from one species to another, and is therefore a redox reaction.
What is redox reaction?
Redox reactions, also known as oxidation-reduction reactions, are chemical reactions involving the transfer of electrons between two species. The species which gains electrons is said to be oxidized, while the species which loses electrons is said to be reduced.
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what would be the number of oxygen atoms in 5.00 moles of co2?
The number of oxygen atoms in 5.00 moles of carbon dioxide ([tex]CO_{2}[/tex]) is 30.00 moles.
This is because the molecular weight of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] is 44.01 g/mol, and it contains one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
To calculate the number of oxygen atoms, we need to take the molar mass of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] (44.01 g/mol) and divide it by the molar mass of oxygen (16.00 g/mol).
This gives us a ratio of 2.75 oxygen atoms to 1 carbon atom.
We then multiply this ratio by the number of moles of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] (5.00 moles), to get the number of oxygen atoms, which is 30.00 moles.
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if ocean water tempratures cooled to 20 degree c what impact would this have on the weather system formation?
PLSSS I NEED IT FAST
the forces of attraction between molecules in a molecular compound are generally_____
The forces of attraction between molecules in a molecular compound are generally weaker than the forces of covalent and ionic bonding.
Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction and repulsion that act between nearby particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). These forces are weak in comparison to intramolecular forces such as covalent bonds or ionic bonds between atoms in a molecule.
The transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms forms an ionic bond, which is a type of chemical bond. It is a chemical bond that produces two oppositely charged ions.
A covalent bond is formed between atoms with similar electronegativities—the desire or affinity for electrons. Because the electronegativities of both atoms are similar, they share electrons in order to achieve octet configuration and become more stable.
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Acorbic acid or Vitamin C (C6H8O6) i an eential vitamin. It cannot be tored by the body and mut be preent in the diet. What i the molar ma of Vitamin C? Vitamin C are taken a a dietary upplement. If a typical tablet contain 500mg of Vitamin C what amount (mole) and what number of molecule of Vitamin C doe it contain?
The molar mass of ascorbic acid (C₆H₈O₆) is 176 g/mol. The 0.028 mol (amount ) of Vitamin C tablet contains 1.37 × 10 ²² molecules.
The ratio between the mass and the amount of substance in any sample of a chemical compound is known as the molar mass in chemistry. The molar mass of a substance is a bulk attribute rather than a molecular one.
Molar mass of the ascorbic acid is equal to the sum of the average masses of its constituents -
Molar mass of ascorbic acid (C₆H₈O₆)is -
⇒ 6 × 12 + 8 × 1 + 6 × 16
⇒ 72 + 8 + 96
⇒ 176 g/mol
Mass of 1 Vitamin C tablet is 500mg,
Mass of Vitamin C in 10 Tablets = 0.5 g × 10 = 5 g
Moles of Vitamin C in 10 tablets -
= 5 × (1 mol / 176) = 0.028 mol
Number of molecules = 0.028 mol ×[ 6.022 × 10²³ / 1 mol ]
⇒ 0.137 × 10 ²³ molecules. 0r 1.37 × 10 ²² molecules
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Oxides of active metals, such as CaO, react with water to produce...
A) Metal Carbonates
B) Metal Hydrides
C) Metal Hydroxides
D) Acids
Metal hydroxides are created when the water reacts with the oxidized forms of active metals, such as CaO.
What occurs when water and a metal oxide combine?The basic-natured metal hydroxides are created when metal oxides and water react. The energy released during these reactions is substantial. An example reaction is the formation of calcium hydroxide, a basic solution, when calcium oxide and water are combined.Metals that are actively occurring are very reactive. Metal hydroxides are created when the active metals' oxides and water react. example: Calcium hydroxide is produced when calcium oxide combines with water.Metal hydroxides are created when the water reacts with the oxidized forms of active metals, such as CaO.To learn more about metal oxide refer to:
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(b) A compound is made of only sodium and chlorine.
What is the name of this compound??
Answer:
sodium chloride
Explanation:
Answer: sodium chloride.
Explanation: made from 2 forms sodium and chlorine sodium chloride is also used to make salt.
A macromolecule that contains sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base: ___
Nucleotide . A nucleotide is made up of a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) linked to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base Two strands make up a DNA molecule.
Adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine are the bases utilized in DNA (T). Nitrogenous base: A nitrogen-containing molecule with the chemical characteristics of a base. Adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine are the nitrogenous bases found in DNA (C). With one exception, the nitrogenous bases of RNA are the same: adenine (A), guanine (G), uracil (U), and cytosine (C). The DNA molecule is a nucleotide polymer. A nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group make up each nucleotide. DNA has four nitrogenous bases, two purines (adenine and guanine), and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). Two strands make up a DNA molecule.
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Calculate the work done if:
F= 160 N and d = 0.1 m
Answer: 16 Nm
Explanation: Work is measured as Force times Displacement . Therefore , 160N X 0.1m = 16 Nm
what is the percent yield if 18 grams of water are produced when 4 grams of hydrogen with excess oxygen?
The percentage yield if 18 grams of water are produced when 4 grams of hydrogen with excess oxygen is 50.5%.
The theoretical yield (the greatest quantity of product that can be produced based on the stoichiometry of the reactants) and the actual yield must be known in order to compute the percentage yield of a reaction (the amount of product that is actually produced in the reaction).
The balanced equation for the reaction that creates water vapor (H2O) when hydrogen gas (H₂) and oxygen gas (O₂) are combined is:
2H₂ + O₂ -> 2H₂O
We can see from the equation that it is balanced that 1 mole of H₂O is created for every 2 moles of H₂. We use the molar mass of H₂, 2.016 g/mol, to convert 4 grams of H₂ to moles.
4g / 2.016 g/mol = 1.98 moles
We can now determine the hypothetical yield of water. The theoretical yield of H2O is: as 2 moles of H2O are created for every 2 moles of H2.
1.98 moles x (2 moles H2O / 2 moles H2) = 1.98 moles
Since water has an 18.02 g/mol molar mass, we may convert the theoretical yield of water from moles to grams as follows:
1.98 moles x 18.02 g/mol = 35.7 g
Divide the actual yield (18 g) by the theoretical yield (35.7 g), then multiply the result by 100 to find the percentage yield:
(18 g / 35.7 g) x 100 = 50.5 %
Therefore, the percentage yield of the reaction is 50.5%.
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What could happen when the level of biodiversity is not maintained? Suggest 3 instances.
Because there are fewer species per trophic level, low biodiversity makes an ecosystem more susceptible to disturbance. Because the trophic levels are becoming more dependent on individual species rather than a collective of species at each trophic level, if one species disappears in this sort of ecosystem, the entire pyramid could collapse.
In order to manipulate some aspects of biodiversity, such as the number of species, and measure different sorts of ecosystem functioning or stability, biodiversity decreases must be taken into account. Functional group richness, species composition, species richness, species evenness, and genetic diversity are all factors that can affect how well an ecosystem function ecosystem.
Furthermore, species diversity and composition are frequently related to stability. Therefore, current changes in biodiversity will probably cause a subsequent change in the characteristics of an ecosystem.
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In a reaction, 1 mole of silver nitrate combines with 1 mole of sodium chloride.
AgNO3 + NaCl
Which statement about the product is justified by the law of conservation of mass?
(1 point)
Responses
There will be five atoms in the product.
There will be five atoms in the product.
There will be two molecules in the product.
There will be two molecules in the product.
There will be 2 moles of sodium (Na) in the product.
There will be 2 moles of sodium (Na) in the product.
There will be 1 mole of silver (Ag) in the product
From the law of the conservation of mass, there would be two molecules in the product.
What is the law of the conservation of mass?We have to note that from the law of the conservation of mass, the total mass of the system must be constant. This implies that the initial mass of the system must be the same as the final mass of the system.
In this case, we have the reaction between the silver nitrate and the sodium chloride and we can see that the reaction is 1:1 and we have to apply the law of the conservation of mass here to know that there would be two molecules in the product.
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Write the Lewis structure of each and state whether the following are monodentate or bidentate ligands a. C2042 (oxalate ion, Ox) b. SCN
c. H2NCH2CH2NH2 (ethylenediamine) d. CO32-
SCN- is a mono-dentate ligand, whereas C2O4-, Ethylenediamine, and CO3- are categorized as bidentate ligands.
What does "denticity of ligands" mean?
The quantity of electron pairs that the ligand shares with the metal atom or ion is known as the denticity of the ligand. Depending on how many ligand donor atoms bind to the metal atom or ion, ligands can be divided into mono-dentate and polydentate categories.
Mono-dentate ligands are ligands that share an electron pair with a single donor atom with a metal atom or ion. A metal ion and a bidentate ligand combine to produce a 5- or 6-membered ring. Three donor atoms can connect to a single metal atom or cation in tridentate ligands.
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write the chemical formula for the compound formed by each pair of positive and negative ions.
Ba2+ and NO3 , Al3+ and CO32, K+ and PO43 This is chemical formula and each pair of positive and negative ions.
What is meant by positive?
Two -1 charges are needed for a +2 charge (two NO3–). Ba(NO3)2 would be the formula. The (NO3) has a subscript of 2, while the Ba has a subscript of 1 (not indicated; if there is no subscript, it is believed to be "1").Al3+ and CO32- have corresponding charges of +3 and -2. The lesser, -2, cannot be multiplied by a whole number to equal 3. l3+ and CO32- have corresponding charges of +3 and -2. The lesser number, -2, cannot be multiplied by a full integer to equal 3. So, you must now consider the smallest whole number that they both fit into equally.Three -2 charges must be balanced by two +3 charges (providing +6) because 3 and 2 add up to 6 equally (giving –6). Al thus will have a subscript of 2, while (CO3) will have a subscript of 3.You would multiply one by three to get three, therefore you would need three K+1 to make one PO4-3. K3PO4 will have a subscript of 3 for the one PO4-3.To learn more about positive refer to
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explain why it takes more energy to remove the second electron from a lithium atom?
Lithium requires more energy to remove the second electron from a lithium atom.
What is electron ?
J.J. Thomson, an English physicist, first observed the electron in 1897 while researching cathode rays. The understanding of atomic structure was fundamentally altered by his discovery of electrons, which he initially referred to as corpuscles.
What is atom ?
A chemical element's atom is a particular type of particle of substance. A positively charged electron or many negatively charged electrons encircle the central nucleus of an atom. Protons and neutrons, two relatively hefty particles that make up the positively charged nucleus, may be present.
The second electron must be taken from the lithium atom's 1s orbital, which requires more energy, as opposed to the carbon atom's 2s orbital, which requires less energy to remove the fourth electron from.
Therefore, Lithium requires more energy to remove the second electron from a lithium atom.
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How many molecules are in 10. 0 g of O2?.
The number of molecules in 10 grams of oxygen is 1.88 x 10²³ Molecules.
The number of molecules in 10. 0 g of O₂ can be found by using the formula,
We know,
Mole = given mass/molar mass
Molar mass of oxygen gas is 32 g/mol.
Now, the number of moles in 10 grams oxygen is,
Moles = 10/32
Also,
Moles = Number of molecules/avogadro number.
Now, putting values,
10/32 = Number of molecule/avogadro number.
Number of molecules = 1.88 x 10²³ Molecules.
So, the number of molecules is 10. 0 g of O₂ is 1.88 x 10²³ Molecules.
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Mention the elements and the ratio by mass of elements present in:
[
The ratio by mass of element ammonia is 14:3. and the ratio by mass of element carbon dioxide is 3:8.
What do you mean by mass of an element ?The atomic mass, the quantity of matter possess in an atom of an element. It is represented as a multiple of one-twelfth the mass of the carbon-12 atom.
In the ammonia molecule, nitrogen and hydrogen are always present in the ratio 14:3 by mass, whatever the form in which it is obtained.
In every sample of carbon dioxide, there is 32.0 gram of oxygen is present for each 12.0 gram of carbon. By dividing 32.0 by 12.0, this simplifies to a mass ratio of oxygen to carbon of 3:8.
Thus, The ratio by mass of element ammonia is 14:3. and the ratio by mass of element carbon dioxide is 3:8.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably your question was
Mention the elements and the ratio by mass of elements present in:
Ammonia & Carbon dioxide
The statement that an electron occupies the lowest available energy orbital is the ___________ principle
Aufbau principle states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available.
What is meant by orbital ?
A zone around a nucleus of an atom or molecule that can have zero, one, or two electrons according to mathematics.Orbitals, or groups of electrons arranged in a cloudlike pattern, surround the nucleus.A three-dimensional representation of an electron's most likely position within an atom is called an orbital.The likelihood of discovering an electron near a hydrogen atom's nucleus is depicted in the diagram below. The 1s orbital has the highest likelihood, as you can see.The highest level of probability for an electron to occur is in an atomic orbital. The route that electrons travel while navigating the restrictions of the shell is referred to as a subshell. There are four different subshell classifications.To learn more about orbital refer to
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how many oxygen atoms are in one mole of o_2 molecules?
A mole of oxygen ([tex]O_{2}[/tex]) molecules contains 6.022 x 10^23 oxygen atoms.
This number is known as Avogadro's number, and it is the number of atoms or molecules that make up one mole of any substance.
To calculate the number of oxygen atoms in one mole, we multiply Avogadro's number by the number of oxygen atoms in one molecule of oxygen (2).
This gives us 12.044 x 10^23 oxygen atoms in a mole of oxygen molecules.
The significance of Avogadro's number is that it allows us to compare the number of atoms or molecules between two different substances.
For example, if we know that one mole of oxygen molecules contains 12.044 x 10^23 oxygen atoms, and one mole of hydrogen molecules contains 6.022 x 10^23 hydrogen atoms, we can determine that two moles of hydrogen molecules will contain the same number of atoms as one mole of oxygen molecules.
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which water should you use for the water bath during the recrystallization?
The solution is placed in an ice-water bath to further reduce the temperature and allow additional crystals to form. water should you use for the water bath during the recrystallization.
water should you use for the water bath during the recrystallization while you are cooling your recrystallization. Recrystallization is a physical process for purifying compounds depending on their solubility. The procedure is finished by heating the material to dissolve the chemical with impurities in a solvent combination. Recrystallization is a method used in chemistry to purify compounds. When a compound and impurities combination is dissolved in a suitable solvent, either the desired compound or the impurities can be extracted from the solution, leaving the other behind. It gets its name from the crystals that form when the chemical precipitates. Recrystallization can also refer to the natural formation of bigger ice crystals at the cost of smaller ones.
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The mineral halite has cube-shaped crystals because: 1. there are no planes along which the mineral can break 2. cubes are the most common way two tetrahedrons can join 3. of the arrangement of atoms in the crystal lattice 4. halite is soluble in water
The mineral halite contains cube-shaped crystals because of the arrangement of atoms in the crystal lattice. Therefore, C: "of the arrangement of atoms in the crystal lattice." is the correct answer.
Halite, commonly known as table salt or rock salt, is made of sodium chloride (NaCl). It is essential for the life of humans and animals. The halite contains cube shape crystals that come from the organization of the sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl–) ions. That means the cube-shaped crystals of the mineral halite are because of the arrangement of atoms within its crystal lattice.
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Please help me with these questions!!
Large particles usually get smaller as a result of surface reactions. Both heating and freezing effects of tiny particles on the climate are seen.
Weathering can be classified as either physical or chemical. There is a wide variety in soil particle size due to variations in weathering processes.The overall surface area increases when the size is reduced more. This is significant since most chemical changes start at an object's surface.
The Earth's materials are the four major elements that make up the earth's crust. The earth is made up of minerals, rocks, soil, and water. Earth materials include the necessary building components for life, agriculture, and industry.
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when heating a solution to boiling on a hot plate, start by ____
When heating the solution to boiling on the hot plate , start by starting and the stabilizing the stir function.
When we heat the solution to boil on the hot plate , it start by starting and the stabilizing the stir function. Then, turn the heat to a medium heat setting to start. If necessary, turn up the heat setting after waiting about ten minutes without seeing boiling.
The safety precautions that taken when heating the solution to boiling on a hot plate is to take proper inspection of the bottom flask for the cracks, irregularities or any of the imperfection.
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What number of moles of nitrogen are present in 12.0 mol of ammonia?
I think itight have been 8, but I am not sure
How do you find the molecular mass of Class 11?.
To calculate the molecular mass, multiply the atomic mass of an element by the number of atoms in the molecule and then add the masses of all the elements in the molecule.
The mass of a molecule is denoted by its molecular mass or molecular weight.
A substance's molecular mass is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule of the substance. It is expressed using the atomic mass unit (u).
The molecular weight calculator is based on a compound's molecular formula; it is not the simplest formula, which only includes the ratio of the types of atoms and not the number of each type of atom multiplied by its atomic weight and then added to the weights/ mass of the other atoms.
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determine the moles of sulfuric acid formed from 3.20 mol of sulfur dioxide
Answer:
3.2 moles of H2SO4
Explanation:
We need to start with a balanced equation. Lets assume the sulfuric acid is formed from sulfur dioxide and water.
SO2 + H2O = H2SO4
This equation is balanced. (Check it)
It tells us that 1 mole of SO2 will form 1 mole of H2SO4, if the reaction proceeds as planned. That's a molar ratio of 1 to 1. They are equal. What moles we react, we should expect the same number of moles of product. [And we need 1 mole of water at the same time]
So if we react 3.20 moles of sulfur dioxide, and keep out lab partner back, we'll obtain 3.2 moles of H2SO4.
What mass contains 32.8 mmol of F2(g)?
Answer:
To determine the mass that contains 32.8 mmol of F2(g), we need to use the molar mass of F2 and the formula:
mass = number of moles x molar mass
The molar mass of F2 is 38.00 g/mol. Therefore, the mass that contains 32.8 mmol of F2 is:
mass = 32.8 mmol x 38.00 g/mol = 1239.2 g
so the mass that contains 32.8 mmol of F2(g) is 1239.2 g
It's important to note that the unit "mmol" is used for molar amount of a substance, which is defined as the number of moles of a substance per one litre of solution or per one kilogram of solvent.
accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food chain___
Accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food chain is biomagnification.
What is biomagnification ?
When an organism's primary exposure source is its meal, biomagnification occurs when the chemical concentration in the organism exceeds the concentration in its food.
What is pollutants?
A material that may harm organisms (including people, plants, and animals) or violate environmental quality standards is referred to as a pollutant.
Therefore, accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food chain is biomagnification.
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