Answer:
Brown
Explanation:because the agouti itself is a mixture that remains of a pale brown color and the melanin content in the animals is in the darker colors so it is more likely that the brown color is predominant to the agouti due to the content of melanin that it
The descendants of a cross between an agouti heterozygous (AB) colored Guinea pig and a brown (BB) colored Guinea pig are half heterozygous agouti, half homozygous brown. The correct option is A.
What exactly is codominance?Codominance is a genetic effect that happens whenever the alleles are expressed in heterozygotes.
In this particular instance, allele B co-dominates with allele W, resulting in heterozygous (WB) colored Guinea pigs like one of the parents.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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The missing options of the question are:
A. 1/2 heterozygous brown, 1/2 homozygous agouti.B. 1/2 homozygous white, 1/2 heterozygous brown.C. 1/4 homozygous brown.D. 1/2 heterozygous agouti, 1/4 white.You prepare a gel mobility assay with the following samples:
Lane 1 Radiolabeled lacO DNA + Lac Repressor protein preincubated with allolactose
Lane 2 Radiolabeled lacO DNA + Lac Repressor protein preincubated with lactose
Lane 3 Radiolabeled lacO DNA + Lac Repressor protein missing its DNA binding domain
Lane 4 Radiolabeled lacO DNA + Lac super-repressor (Is) preincubated with allolactose
Lane 5 Radiolabeled lacO DNA + lac repressor protein
On which lanes do you expect to see two bands?
a. 3
b. Lane 1 and 2
c. Lane 2, 4, and 5
d. 2 and 4
e. 1 and 5
Answer:
c. Lane 2, 4 and 5.
Explanation:
Two bands will be seen when a fraction of DNA added to gel is bound by Lac repressor protein. Radiolabeled LacO DNA will have two bands. Lac repressor is encoded with lacl gene. It has binding ability due to allolactose formation.
Regarding the models of cooperativity:_______.
a. the concerted model is based on the
b. T state and the sequential on the R state.
c. T state is low affinity and R state is high affinity.
d. the concerted model and the sequential model are mutually exclusive.
e. these models, strictly speaking, only apply to tetramers.
Answer:
c. T state is low affinity and R state is high affinity.
Explanation:
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a multimeric protein molecule that transports oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues in red blood cells. Hb exists in two quaternary states: 1- a T-state or deoxygenated conformation, which is referred to as 'deoxyhemoglobin'; and 2-a R state or fully oxygenated conformation, which is referred to as 'oxyhemoglobin'. The sequential model of cooperativity states that the conformation of a multimeric protein changes with each binding of a ligand, thereby sequentially changing its affinity for the ligand (i.e., cooperativity is dependent on ligand-induced). In consequence, this model states that the conformational state and affinity of Hb monomers change as they bind to oxygen.
the citric acid cycle role is
Answer:
The citric acid cycle is the final common oxidative pathway for carbohydrates, fats and amino acids. It is the most important metabolic pathway for the energy supply to the body.
give a reason why lack of roughage in diet often leads to constipation
Answer:
The main cause of constipation is intake of a low fiber diet.the bulk and soft texture of fibre helps prevent hard dry stools that are difficult to pass thereby reducing constipation.
I hope this helps
According to the phenotypic characters of pneumococcus considered in Griffith's
experiment of transformation, which of the following statements are correct? Choose the
correct option (i) Presence of slime layer (ii) Presence of capsule (iii) Absence of capsule
Answer:
发发发 发斯蒂芬
Explanation:
Presence of capsule. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What was Griffith's experiment?Griffith's experiment of transformation is a landmark experiment in microbiology conducted in 1928 by British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith. The experiment aimed to determine the nature of the "transforming principle" responsible for transferring genetic material between bacteria.
Griffith used two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, one that was virulent and had a polysaccharide capsule (S strain) and another that was non-virulent and lacked the capsule (R strain). He found that when he injected mice with the heat-killed S strain and live R strain, the mice died, and live S strain was found in their blood. This suggested that the R strain had been transformed into the S strain, and the genetic material was responsible for the transformation.
Griffith's experiment provided the first evidence of bacterial transformation and paved the way for future research on the molecular basis of genetics.
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what term is used to describe the state in which molecules are evenly distributed in the available space
Bleach For me!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
answer: c
Explanation:
A hemoglobin molecule is made up of four
polypeptide chains, two alpha chains of 141
amino acid residues each and two beta
chains of 146 amino acid residues each . In the complete molecule, four subunits are closely joined, as in a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle, to form a tetramer.
it also have a structure called quaternary structure, in which two or more polypeptide chains folded in to tertiary structure become associated in the final structure of the protein.
hope this will help !
Answer:
Option C
Explanation:
4 subunits (2 alpha and 2 beta)
Starch and protein digestion in a single stomach?
Answer:
Explanation: Protein digestion occurs in the stomach and the duodenum through the action of three main enzymes: pepsin, secreted by the stomach, and trypsin and chymotrypsin, secreted by the pancreas. During carbohydrate digestion the bonds between glucose molecules are broken by salivary and pancreatic amylase.
In a hydrogen ion pump, the energy is used to join small molecules together
to
make larger ones. Which factor most likely has the greatest effect on the
number of molecules mitochondria can produce?
Answer: The number of H+ ions moving down the channel
Explanation:
A boatload of Swedish tourists, all of whom bear the MM blood group, is marooned on Haldane Island, where they are met by an equally sized population of Islanders, all bearing blood group NN. In time, the castaways become integrated into Island society. Assuming random mating, no mutation, no selection (based on blood group), and no genetic drift, what would you expect the blood group distribution to be among 4000 progeny of the new Haldane Island population
Answer:
1000 MM individuals; 2000 MN individuals; 1000 NN individuals
Explanation:
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that, under certain conditions, the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a sexually reproducing population will remain constant over generations. The Hardy-Weinberg assumptions include random mating, sexual reproduction, and the absence of evolutionary forces such as mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift (as in the example above). Under these conditions, the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a population will not change and tend to the equilibrium. In this case, under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the M allele or 'p' must be equal to 0.5, and the frequency of the N allele or 'q' must be equal to 0.5 (i.e., the sum of all allele frequencies in the population must be equal to 1). Moreover, the frequencies of the genotypes will be p², 2pq, and q² >> p² (MM genotype) = (0.5)² = 0.25; q² (NN genotype) = (0.5)² = 0.25; and 2 x p x q (MN genotype) = 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.50. In consequence, under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, in a population of 4000 diploid individuals (8000 alleles), we have
- 4000 M alleles (M = 0.5) and 4000 N alleles (N = 0.5);
- 1000 MM individuals [p² >> (0.5)² = 0.25]; 2000 MN individuals (2pq >> 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5) and 1000 NN individuals [q² >> (0.5)² = 0.25].
Which of the following shows the correct energy flow during aerobic respiration?
A. Lipids, Glucose, ATP, cells
B. ATP, Glucose, cells
C. Carbohydrates, Glucose, ATP, cells
D. Carbohydrates, Glucose, Lactic acid, ATP
The correct energy flow during aerobic respiration is ATP, Glucose, and cells. Thus, the correct option is B.
What is Aerobic respiration?Aerobic respiration may be defined as the process of conversion of glucose into carbon dioxide, water, and energy via the intermediate product of pyruvate in presence of air.
The release of energy in aerobic respiration is found to be greater as compared to anaerobic respiration.
This released energy is immediately used to synthesize a molecule called ATP via glucose that fuels the cells for metabolic activities.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is B.
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what is the source of food for germinating seed ?
Please use the following information to answer the questions below. The southern grasshopper mouse feeds regularly on the Arizona bark scorpion, the most venomous scorpion in the United States. While attempting to capture the scorpion, the mouse usually gets stung multiple times by the scorpion but does not seem to be affected. While attempting to capture the scorpion, the mouse's heart rate increases, and there is an increase in epinephrine in the mouse's blood. What nervous system division is responsible for the mouse's physiological state
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the mouse's physiological state.
The nervous system divides into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
In the central nervous system, we have the brain and the spinal cord.
The peripherical nervous system, which is all the nerves that are not in the spinal cord or the brain, is divided into:
The somatic nervous system, which is the one that makes the conscious movements of our body.The autonomic nervous system consists of:-Sympathetic nervous system. It is the one that works under stress. It gives the fight or flight response preparing the body for a dangerous situation. It increases the heart rate and epinephrine's release. Epinephrine is a hormone that helps in this response stimulating the sympathetic system.
-Parasympathetic nervous system. It is the one that works in calm situations, like after we ate, regulating digestion, and trying to save energy for any upcoming event.
In conclusion, as there is an increase in epinephrine and heart rate, and the mouse is "fighting" against a scorpion, the nervous system division responsible for this physiological state is the sympathetic nervous system.
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A stem cell is
A. A specialized cell that can divide limitlessly but cant differentiate
B. A specialized cell that can divide limitlessly.
C. An unspecialized cell that cant divide limitlessly nor differentiate into specialized cell.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
They divide to form more cells called daughter cells under proper conditions
Describe what is happening in each of the phases of cellular division with what you observe from the photomicrographs in the lab instructions (describe and compare both).
Answer:
Interphase - There are 3 subphases called - G1 , S and G2 . In these subphases, DNA material is duplicated, and essential proteins for cell division are formed.
Prophase - the nuclear envelop and nucleolus disappears and condensed DNA forms chromosomes that are short in size.
Metaphase - the form of two sister chromatids are arranged in the middle of the metaphase/equatorial line. Two centrioles are found at two poles of the cell which initiate the formation of spindle fibers.
Anaphase - spindle fibers are formed and can be observed. These fibres attach with the kinetochore present in the centromere of chromosomes and these chromatids now start separated by pulling and pushing force of spindle fibers in opposite poles
Telophase - chromatids reach at destination pole and then nuclear envelop starts creating again in both poles. Nucleolus reappears and now in a cell two nucleus are found.
Which BEST
describes the
amount of air in
a typical soil?
A. about 90%
B. hardly any
C. about 25%
Answer:
C
Explanation:
it's about 20%-30%, so C would appropriately about that range since it the best answer :)
hope it helps
What are three ways in which bacteria obtain food
Answer:
The three ways by which bacteria obtain food are photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, and symbiosis.
Explanation:
You are in charge of genetically engineering a new organism that will derive all of its ATP from sunlight by photosynthesis. Will you put the enzymes of the citric acid cycle in this organism
Answer:
Yes.
Explanation:
I will put the enzymes of the citric acid cycle in this organism so that in the absence of sunlight, it also produces energy to grow quickly. Citric acid cycle is a series of chemical reactions which release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. This cycle is also called Krebs cycle so incorporation of this cycle is good for the organism.
which of the specific classification is the specific organism found
Answer:
Species are as specific as you can get. It is the lowest and most strict level of classification of living things. The main criterion for an organism to be placed in a particular species is the ability to breed with other organisms of that same species.
which of the following is a density- independent factor?
1 mate availability
2 parasitic infestation
3 disease transmission
4 lack of rainfall
Answer:
4. Lack of Rainfall
Explanation:
If Dedra has a mass of 50 kg, where would she weigh the most?
Sun
Gravity = 274 m/s2
Moon
Gravity = 1.6 m/s2
Earth
Gravity = 9.8 m/sa
Answer:
probably on the sun
Explanation:
the explanation is because she weighs 50 kg on the earth. She would weigh less on the moon since the moon has less gravity to pull her down. The sun is the best answer considering that it has the most gravitational pull than the earth and the moon
Indicate whether each statement is true or false: 1. Compliance is the tendency for blood vessel volume to increase as blood pressure decreases. True 2. Blood vessels with a large compliance exhibit a small increase in volume when the pressure increases a small amount. True 3. Venous compliance is approximately 24X greater than arterial compliance, so as venous pressure increases the volume of veins greatly increases. True
Answer:
1. False
2. False
3. True
Explanation:
1. Compliance is the capacity of a container to increase in size to allow it hold more content. Blood vessel, arteries and veins expand (increase in volume) to be able to accommodate a surge in blood flow, which is as a result of an increase in pressure of the blood from the heart pumping of the blood
Therefore, compliance in the tendency for blood vessel volume to increase as the blood pressure increases not decrease
The statement is false
2. A large compliance is indicative of being highly sensitive to changes in pressure
Compliance, C = ΔV/ΔP
From the above equation, a blood vessel with a large compliance, exhibit a large increase in volume when the increase in pressure is small
Therefore, the statement 'Blood vessels with a large compliance exhibit a small increase in volume when pressure increases a small amount; is false
3. The compliance of the vein ranges from 10 to 20 times (30 times in some literature) greater than arteries. A factor which can be affected by the vascular smooth muscle contraction or relaxation
Therefore, the statement, 'venous compliance is approximately 24 times larger than arterial compliance, so as venous pressure increases the volume of veins greatly increases' is true
5x_=1 jdjdjcjdjdjjdkd
Answer:
what...
Explanation:
Which of the following processes releases heat?
Evaporation
Freezing
Melting
Sublimation
Answer:
Freezing
Explanation:
I got 123% on the quiz (Jokes aside yes it is freezing)
what would happen if spleen and tonsils are removed from the body
Answer:
In serious cases, your doctor might suggest that you have your spleen removed, which is called a splenectomy. It's entirely possible to live a normal, healthy life after having your spleen removed. Your risk of developing infections throughout your life may increase.
Write the definition of the rate of ATP hydrolyzation, R, in your own words. How would you calculate the rate of ATP hydrolyzation, R, if you know the step size of the motor protein, s, and the average vesicle velocity, v
Answer:
ATP hydrolyzation is a process ( catabolic ) whereby chemical energy previously stored in phosphoanhydride bonds will be released by the process of bond splitting
R = Vesicle velocity / step size
Explanation:
The rate of ATP hydrolyzation can be explained by relating ΔG ( Gibbs free energy) and Q using this equation : ΔrGo + RT ln(Q). where ΔrGo = standard Gibbs energy change.
while ATP hydrolyzation is a process ( catabolic ) whereby chemical energy previously stored in phosphoanhydride bonds will be released by the process of bond splitting
Calculating R
R = Vesicle velocity / step size
How does temperature and concentration of monounsaturated phospholipids change the rate at which molecules permeate the plasma membrane? Does this change occur equally for low permeability ions the way and large molecules as it does for gasses and high permeability molecules?
Describe the way that enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions in the cell. What other factors related to enzymes can increase or decrease this rate and why?
Answer:
я не знаю ответа извините
Explanation:
QUESTION 11 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Using the allele's frequencies experimentally derived, calculate the frequency of the H4/H5 genotype that would be expected if the class were a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 1. 0.28 2. 0.51 3. 0.19 4. 0.72 5. 0.14 6. 0.24 7. 0.41 QUESTION 12 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Using the genotype frequencies derived assuming that the class were a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, calculate the number of H4/H4 individuals that would be expected in the class (rounded numbers). 1. 19 2. 57 3. 72 4. 147 5. 171 6. 120 7. 96 QUESTION 13 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and comparing the observed and the expected number of individuals for the three genotypes, calculate the value of the Chi-square statistic 1. 2.69 2. 0.05 3. 28.67 4. 14.59 5. 0.50 6. 22.31 7. 3.84 QUESTION 14 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium, which is the (correct) null hypothesis tested by Chi-square? 1. The whole class represents a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 2. The whole class represents a population that may not be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 3. The whole class represents a population that is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 4. The whole class represents a population that may be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium QUESTION 15 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and calculating the Chi-square statistic, do you reject or fail to reject the null-hypothesis? 1. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis. 2. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom, I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I fail to reject the null hypothesis. 3. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P<0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis. 4. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P<0.05. Hence, I fail to reject the null hypothesis.
According to Hardy-Weinberg, when a population is in equilibrium, it will have the same allelic frequencies generation after generation, meaning that they are stable, they are not evolving.
When any evolutive force is acting on the population, this equilibrium breacks, and allelic and genotypic frequencies change through generations, differing from the expected ones.
A) Option 7 is the correct answer ⇒ 0.41
B) Option 6 is the correct answer ⇒ 120
C) Option 7 is the correct answer ⇒ 3.84
D) Option 1 is the correct answer ⇒ The class represents a population that is in H-W equilibrium
E) Option 1 is correct. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis.
-------------------------------------------
Allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q, referring to the
allelic dominant or recessive forms. The genotypic frequencies after one generation are p² (H0m0zyg0us dominant), 2pq (H3ter0zygous), q² (H0m0zyg0us recessive). Populations in H-W equilibrium will get the same
allelic frequencies generation after generation.
The sum of the allelic frequencies equals 1, this is p + q = 1.
In the same way, the sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1, this is
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
Being
p the dominant allelic frequency,
q the recessive allelic frequency,
p² the h0m0zyg0us dominant genotypic frequency
q² the h0m0zyg0us recessive genotypic frequency
2pq the h3ter0zyg0us genotypic frequency
Situation: Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows:
H4/H4 = 125 individuals;
H4/H5 = 85 individuals;
H5/H5=24 individuals.
⇒ Total number of individuals= 125 + 85 + 24 = 234
⇒ Genotypic frequencies, F(xx):
F(H4/H4) = 125/234 =0.534
F(H4/H5) = 85/234 = 0.363
F(H5/H5) = 24/234 = 0.102
⇒ Allelic frequencies, f(x):
f(H4) = p = F(H4/H4) + 1/2 F(H4/H5) = 0.534 + 0.363/2 = 0.534 + 0.182 = 0.716
f(H5) = q = F(H5/H5) + 1/2 F(H4/H5) = 0.102 + 0.363/2 = 0.102 + 0.182 = 0.284
Questions:
A) According to the theoreticall frame, we know that 2pq is the h3ter0zygous genotypic frequency. So,
F(H4/H5) = 2pq = 2 x 0.716 x 0.284 = 0.408 ≅ 0.41 ⇒ Option 7 is the correct answer.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B) According to the theoreticall frame, we know that p² is the h0m0zyg0us genotypic frequency. So,
p = 0.716
p² = 0.5126 ≅ 0.513 ⇒ This is the genotypic frequency.
To calculate the number of individuals carrying this genotype, we need to multiply it by the total number of
individuals.
H4/H4 individuals = p² x total number of individuals = 0.513 x 234 = 120
Option 6 is the correct answer.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C) Up to here we know that 2pq = 0.41 and p² = 0.513
Now we need to calculate q ²
q = 0.284, then q² = 0.284² = 0.08
These are the expected frequencies if the population was in H-W equilibrium.
The expected number of individuals with each genotype are:
H4/H4 = 0.513 x 234 = 120 individuals
H4/H5 = 0.41 x 234 = 96 individuals
H5/H5= 0.08 x 234 = 18 individuals
The observed number of individuals with each genotype are:
H4/H4 = 125 individuals
H4/H5 = 85 individuals
H5/H5=24 individuals
X² = ∑ (Observed - Expected)²/Expected)
X² = ((125-120)²/120) + ((85 - 96)²/96) + ((24-18)²/18)
X² = 0.21 + 1.26 + 2 =
X² = 3.47
The clossest option is option 7 = 3.84. The difference might be related to decimals and rounding.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D) The correct answer is 1 ⇒ The whole class represents a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
The null hypothesis always predict that populations are in H-W equilibrium.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E)
X² = 3.47
Freedom degrees = n - 1 = 3 - 1 = 2
Table p value: 7.82
Significance level, 5% = 0.05
Table value/Critical value = 5.991
5.991 > 0.347
Meaning that the difference between the observed individuals and the expected individuals is statistically significant. Not probably to have differe by random chances. There is enough evidence to reject the null
hypothesis.
Option 1 is correct. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis.
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hey everyone,what is greenhouse effect
Answer:
The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface.
When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.
The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth causing green house effect .
Answer:
The greenhouse effect occurs when radiation from a planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface to a higher temperature than it would be without the atmosphere. Radiatively active gases emit energy in all directions from a planet's atmosphere.
OAmalOHopeO
do sun spots lie in the shadow cast by the moon and earth
Answer:
La oscuridad de una mancha solar es solamente un efecto de contraste; si pudiéramos ver una mancha tipo, con una umbra del tamaño de la Tierra, aislada y a la misma distancia que el Sol, brillaría unas 50 veces más que la Luna llena. Las manchas están relativamente inmóviles con respecto a la fotosfera y participan de la rotación solar. El área de la superficie solar cubierta por las manchas se mide en términos de millonésimas de hemisferio solar visible.
