Given this information, handedness is predicted to have a significant genetic component.
What exactly are monozygotic twins?Monozygotic twins, commonly referred to as identical twins, are created when a single egg is fertilized by a single sperm, resulting in the fertilized egg dividing into two. The genomes of identical twins are the same, and they are always the same gender. When one sperm and one egg are combined, monozygotic twins are the result. When two sperm and two eggs are combined, dizygotic twins are produced.
When a single egg cell and a single sperm cell fertilize each other, MZ twins, also referred to as identical twins, are created. Early in development, the resulting zygote divides into two, giving rise to the development of two distinct embryos.
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dna is replicated using what
The DNA is then replicated by a protein called DNA polymerase by matching bases to the original strand.
What components makes up duplicated DNA?Two DNA molecules made up of one new and one old chain of nucleotides are produced as a result of DNA replication. Due to the fact that only half of the replication chain is made up of original DNA molecules, DNA replication is referred to as being semi-conservative.
Why and how does DNA replicate?Before dividing, cells must copy their DNA. This ensures successful inheritance of genetic traits by giving each daughter cell a copy of the genome. The fundamental mechanism of DNA replication is conserved across all organisms, making it a crucial process.
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how might the daily experiences of people contribute to the belief the earth's species do not change
Like all living things, humans rely greatly on other species, and the extinction of one species can have a profound effect on many others.
What impact do people have on the evolution of other species?A range of 'contexts', such as hunting, harvesting, fishing, agriculture, medicine, climate change, pollution, eutrophication, urbanization, habitat fragmentation, biological invasions, and emerging/disappearing diseases, have been documented as examples of this human-induced current evolution.When we contract the flu virus or fight it off, for example, evolution is at work in our daily lives. Some of our most urgent global health issues are also influenced by evolution. For instance, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develops more quickly than the immune system can keep up.Like all living things, humans rely greatly on other species, and the extinction of one species can have a profound effect on many others.To learn more about species refer to:
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a recessive disorder is a genetic disorder . a. with two functioning alleles b. that will express itself in the presence of two defective alleles c. that involves change in chromosome number d. that will express itself in the presence of one functioning allele e. that involves change in chromosome structure
You must inherit two altered genes (mutations), one from each parent, in order to have an autosomal recessive condition. Two carriers typically transmit these diseases on to their offspring.
What is a genetic condition with dominant and recessive traits?Recessive genes are thought to be inherited in either an X-linked or autosomal recessive fashion. Disease could arise if the faulty gene is present in two copies. A dominant hereditary condition results, however, if only one aberrant gene is required to cause a disease.
Recessive disorders are caused by what genotype?A recessive hereditary characteristic, such as a smooth chin as opposed to a dominant cleft chin, is only expressed in individuals with an aa genotype; hence, offspring must have one recessive allele from each parent to exhibit a recessive trait.
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which of the following evidence does not support the out-of-africa hypothesis? group of answer choices differences among modern human populations are due to geographic separation for 2 million years. the replacement of other hominin species by homo sapiens expanding beyond africa approximately 60,000 years ago the coalescence time for human mitochondrial dna is between 120,000 and 230,000 years ago, while the coalescence time for non-african mtdna is only about 38,500 years ago. the existence of greater mitochondrial diversity in africa than in the rest of the world combined
The evidence that not support the out of Africa hypothesis is on first sentence. Differences among modern human populations are due to geographic separation for 2 million years.
What evidence supports Out of Africa hypothesis?Now a study of characteristic DNA sequences called "markers" in the Y chromosome adds support to the Out of Africa hypothesis. When scientists sequenced DNA from the mitochondria of a Neandertal 4 years ago, they found that it was very different from that in living humans.The 'Out of Africa' model was the most widely favoured explanation accounting for the origins of modern humans. It suggested that modern humans originated in Africa within the last 200,000 years from a single group of ancestors.Learn about Out of Africa hypothesis here: brainly.com/question/15069281
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Visual. SKILLS Identify the asymmetric carbon in this molecule:
Locate the carbon atoms first before attempting to find an asymmetrical carbon. Next, count the number of distinct substituent groups it contains. Asymmetrical carbon is one that has four distinct substituent groups.
What is an example of asymmetric carbon?Malic acid, for instance, comprises four carbon atoms, but only one of them is asymmetric. The carbon atom that is joined to two other carbon atoms, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom is said to be asymmetric.
What type of carbon is asymmetric?A carbon atom is referred to as asymmetric/chiral if all four of its valency's are satisfied by four distinct groups. The 2 and 3 carbon atoms in the above chemical are asymmetric because they are bound to four distinct groups.
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Which of the following are non-point sources of water pollution?
A Drainage of water from a city
B Factory chimney
C Farms
D Sewage pipe
Non-point causes of water Pollution include farms.
What are the four primary nonpoint sources of pollution?As a result, nonpoint source pollution does not comply with the Clean Water Act's definition of "point source." Nonpoint source contamination can be divided into four categories: pathogens, hazardous chemicals, nutrients, and sediments. Sediments are bits of dirt that rainwater carries into bays, lakes, rivers, and streams.
Which of the following is not an element that pollutes water?The appropriate response is Glacier. A glacier is a source of fresh water, not a water pollution. The main causes of water pollution are bacteria, viruses, parasites, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, plastics, feces, nitrates, phosphates, and even radioactive materials.
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DDT is an insecticide that was first used in 1940s to kill mosquitoes and stop the spread of malaria. At first, it was effective. However , over a period of years, people began to notice that it was becoming less and less effective. A possible explanation for this was that the insects were becoming resistant to the DDT. Explain how the resistance may have evolved.
DDT is an well known insecticide used in agriculture.
What is DDT?Researchers classify DDT as an endocrine-disrupting chemical, or an EDC, since there is evidence that it alters and disrupts hormones crucial for healthy health, including reproductive health, as well as neurological and immunological processes.
The insects that lacked these adaptations eventually went extinct, and when the adaptations grew more sophisticated and developed into a resistance, the DDT-rejecting mosquitoes obtained them.Given the situation, it would seem that mosquitoes have become resistant to DDT over time. This may be the result of natural selection-driven evolution within the mosquito population.DDT-resistant mosquitoes do better in the wild than non-resistant ones. Consequently, the resistance characteristic is handed along to next generations, creating a population of resistant individuals.To know more about DDT refer to:
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if you were worried about your cholesterol intake, which breakfast should you not eat?
Answer:-Starch and cellulose are two types of polysaccharides that are found in plants. However, they have different structures and functions. Starch is primarily used for energy storage, whereas cellulose is used for structure and support What is cellulose? Cellulose is made up of a series of sugar molecules linked together in a long chain. Since it is a fiber that makes up plant cell walls, it's found in all plant foods. The main sources of cellulose for industrial processes are wood and cotton [22]. Cellulose is the main component of paper, cardboard, and textiles made of cotton, flax, or other plant fibers. It is also used for the production of fibers, films, and cellulose derivatives. The cellulose fibers obtained from rice and oat husks had a high purity, due to the high cellulose content (above 93%) and low hemicellulose, lignin and ash contents, with a similar chemical composition as commercial cellulose
the climate envelope model assumes that an organism’s realized niche approximates its fundamental niche.
a) True
b) Fals
what explanation of inheritance suggests that hereditary traits are determined by discrete units that are transmitted from one generation to the next?
your next paragraph will focus on your gene of choice. you should find one to two reliable sources that discuss that gene. focus on the group of cancer-causing genes that this gene belongs to, its normal function, and why the mutation can lead to the cell cycle becoming out of control. is your mutated gene inherited, or does it become mutated throughout a person's lifetime? if you could develop a drug that treats cancer caused by your mutated gene, how would the drug work? would the drug damage non-cancerous cells as well? explain
There are currently 342 genes linked to somatic mutations and 70 genes linked to germline mutations on the list of known cancer genes. However, in most cases, cancer is caused by mutations in two fundamental types of genes: proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
Several genes known as proto-oncogenes are responsible for turning normal cells into malignant ones when they mutate (Adamson, 1987; Weinstein & Joe, 2006). Proto-oncogene mutations are often dominant in nature, and the mutated form of an oncogene is referred to be an oncogene. Proto-oncogenes frequently produce proteins that promote cell proliferation, prevent cell differentiation, and prevent cell death. The preservation of tissues and organs as well as normal human development depend on each of these processes. However, oncogenes frequently show increased synthesis of these proteins.
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How does the Ras protein transmit a signal from outside the cell into the cytoplasm?
a) Inactivated Ras proteins transduce a signal, which activates the transcription of genes that start cell division.
b) Activated Ras proteins transduce a signal, which activates the transcription of genes that start cell division.
c) Activated Ras proteins transduce a signal, which inactivates the transcription of genes that supress cell division.
d) Inactivated Ras proteins transduce a signal, which inactivates the transcription of genes that supress cell division.
Activated Ras proteins transduce a signal, which activates the transcription of genes that start cell division.
What is RAS?
RAS proteins are important for normal development. Active RAS drives the growth, proliferation, and migration of cells. In normal cells, RAS receives signals and obeys those signals to rapidly switch between the active (GTP) form and the inactive (GDP form) states.
Activated Ras proteins transduce a signal, which activates the transcription of genes that start cell division.
Cell growth-promoting signal is linked to the Ras type protein, Ras type protein is a monomeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein, having the GTPase activity, it is an inactive condition when GDP is bound and active when bound to GTP.
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(g) (i) Explain why stem cells can be used to make large quantities of red blood cells.
(Lines 22 and 23)
Answer: 1
Explanation:
Since pluripotent stem cells have the potential to make any cell type of the body, they could potentially provide an unlimited supply of red blood cells. It is already possible to make small numbers of red blood cells from pluripotent stem cells in the lab.
How many penicillin molecules would you have if you had 36 hydrogen atoms total? What would be the total atomic mass?
HELPPPPPP!!!!!!!!!!
Answer: The total penicillin molecule would be 2 with an atomic mass of 334 amu for each molecule of penicillin.
Explanation: the molecular formula of penicillin is C16H18N2O4S
No. of hydrogen atoms in total 36
no. of molecules = 36/ 18 =2
the molecular weight of penicillin is 334 amu
so the total weight of the two molecules is 668 amu
learning through art monohybrid cross
A monohybrid cross is genetic and designed to study the inheritance of a single trait or gene.
A cross is the process of fertilization and production of a new generation. mono means 'single'. Johann Gregor Mendel is the "Father of Genetics"
A hybrid is a plant that results in the cross between two plants That are both pure for different forms of the same trait.
A cross is a genetic mix between two individuals with homozygous genotypes whose results are in opposite phenotypes for a certain genetic trait.
The cross between two monohybrid traits is known as a "Monohybrid Cross.”
An example of a monohybrid cross is breeding a long-stemmed pea plant. A cross between the two creates heterozygous offspring.
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Thin filaments of muscle (thin myofilaments).
The thin filaments of muscles are actin.
The muscles are made up of thin as well as thick myofibrils.
The thicker filaments are made up of myosin whereas the thinner thinner filaments are made up of actin.
Along with actin, the other proteins that are present in the myofilaments are tropomyosin and troponin.
The myofilaments combine to form myofibrils. These three proteins help in the complex functioning that is done by the muscles.
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4.9. The allele for black noses in woives dominant ove the allele for brown noses. There no known selective advantage for one nose color over another In wolves. If this remains true; which of the following statements most Iikely TRUE about the change in wolf nose colors over many generations? Black noses becomcMorc common than they are nOW Black noses will stay about Ihe same Irequency as now Black noses will become less common than they are now Brown noses will disappear after enough generations pass Aeemt Answver 5aved SimUText seivet. Q4.10. large population of Iand turtles 0n an isolated Island has two alleles for & that determines shell thickness The allele for thinner shells dominant over the gene allele for thicker shells. The thinner-shell allele occurs at frequercy of 8096- Assuming there is no net advantage thlck or thin shells what should the frequency of homozygous thlcker-shelled turtles be in the population? (Hint: Use large Punnett square [0 calculate the answer:) 1690 5080 6493 1/1 Iijt
The black noses will stay about the same frequency as they are now. Thus, the correct option is B.
The frequency of homozygous thicker-shelled turtles will be 64% in the population.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce more successfully than other organisms in a population in a certain environment is known as a selective advantage. It serves as the foundation for population evolution through natural selection.
In wolves, the allele for a black nose predominates over the allele for a brown nose. There is no selective advantage, though. As a result, the frequency of the black nose character won't change.
Punnett Square Explanation:
Frequency of dominant allele (say p) = 0.4
Frequency of recessive allele (say q) = 1- 0.4 = 0.6
Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals (AA)= p2= (0.4)2= 0.16
Frequency of heterozygous individuals (Aa)= 2pq = 2(0.4)(0.6) = 0.48
Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals (aa)= q2= (0.6)2= 0.36
The correct questions are:
4.9. The allele for black noses in wolves is dominant over the allele for brown noses. There is no known selective advantage for one nose color over another in wolves. If this remains true, which of the following statements is most likely TRUE about the change in wolf nose colors over many generations?
Black noses will become more common than they are now.
Black noses will stay about the same frequency as now.
Black noses will become less common than they are now.
Brown noses will disappear after enough generations pass.
4.10. A large population of land turtles on an isolated island has two alleles for a gene that determines shell thickness. The allele for thinner shells is dominant over the allele for thicker shells. The thinner-shell allele occurs at a frequency of 80%. Assuming there is no net advantage to thick or thin shells, what should the frequency of homozygous thicker-shelled turtles be in the population? (Hint: Use a population Punnett square to calculate the answer.) ? 4% 16% 50% 64%
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Which lymphatic structure is impossible to palpate? A. Inguinal nodes B. Axillary nodes C. Popliteal nodes D.
Thymus
Thymus is lymphatic structure is impossible to palpate
Small clusters of lymphoid tissue known as lymph nodules can be found under moist epithelial membranes in the respiratory, urinary, and digestive systems. Unlike other lymphatic organs like the spleen, tonsils, and lymph node, the thymus does not have lymph nodules. Thymocytes, which are tiny lymphocytes, are clustered together in the cortex, and epithelial reticular cells in the medulla might resemble nodules.It is active up until puberty, after which it begins to wither away, leaving just fatty tissue behind when an adult. The thymus plays no significant function after puberty, and its removal has no negative repercussions or adverse impacts on the immune system. The thymus is unique in that, in contrast to most organs, it grows the fastest in young children. The thymus gradually shrinks and is replaced by fat after you reach puberty. The thymus is essentially just fatty tissue at the age of 75. In the chest, between the lungs, is the thymus gland. It produces T lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that are a component of the immune system and aid in battling illness.
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which of the following is true of opportunistic pathogens? choose one: a. they may arise from normal microbiota. b. they only infect unvaccinated people. c. they usually infect people with normal, functioning immune systems. d. they are always untreatable, being antibiotic resistant.
Opportunistic pathogens are common bacteria with the potential to spread disease, they are always untreatable, being antibiotic resistant.
An organism that infects its host with disease is referred to as a pathogen, and the severity of the disease symptoms is referred to as virulence. Pathogens include viruses, bacteria, unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes, as well as other taxonomically diverse organisms. Pathogens, such as bacteria that are targeted by specialist viruses known as phages, impact every living thing. There are a staggering amount of bacteria and viruses on the planet, and they live in almost every environment. A litre of surface seawater normally has 100 billion viruses and more than ten billion bacteria. The estimated number of viruses on Earth is 1031, or nearly ten billion times the number of bacteria.
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Rapid blood loss of ______ quart(s) or more in an adult can lead to shock and death A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Rapid blood loss of one quart or more in an adult can lead to shock and death. So option a. is correct.
You can lose quite a bit of blood without experiencing any side effects or complications. The exact amount depends on your size, age, and general health. Typical causes of blood loss- giving a blood sample for testing at the doctor's office, menstruation, or a nosebleed- won't usually cause complications. But sustaining an injury or undergoing surgery may cause severe bleeding and require a red blood cell transfusion.
When blood loss nears 30 to 40 percent of total blood volume, your body will have a traumatic reaction.
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Which of the following is not a protein in blood plasma? A. fibrinogen, B. sodium, C. albumin, D. globulin.
B. Sodium is not a protein in blood plasma.
Blood Plasma:
Plasma is separated from blood by spinning a tube of fresh blood containing anticoagulant in a centrifuge until the blood cells fall to the bottom of the tube. The plasma is then poured out or aspirated. For point-of-care testing applications, plasma can be extracted from whole blood by filtration or agglutination to allow rapid testing for specific biomarkers. Plasma has a density of approximately 1,025 kg/m3 (1.025 g/mL). Serum is blood plasma that does not contain clotting factors. Plasmapheresis is a medical therapy that involves the collection, treatment, and reuptake of plasma.
Sodium:Sodium is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Latin sodium) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal. Sodium is an alkali metal and belongs to group 1 of the periodic table. Its only stable isotope is 23Na. Free metals do not exist in nature and must be made from compounds. Sodium is the sixth most abundant element in the earth's crust and is found in numerous minerals such as feldspar, sodalite, and halite (NaCl). Many sodium salts are highly water soluble: over time sodium ions have been leached from the earth's minerals by the action of water.
Proteins in human blood plasma include albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen. Albumin helps to regulate osmotic pressure, globulin helps with immune responses, and fibrinogen helps with blood clotting.
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Where do secondary bronchi supply air to?
Your lungs receive air through the bronchi. The bronchioles at the end of the bronchi transport air to the alveoli, which are tiny sacs in your lungs. Your body's alveoli carry out gas exchange.
Air travels via your bronchi to and from your lungs. The bronchi also function as a filter for foreign particles and moisturisers for the air you breathe. Your airways are coated with mucus-producing cells. Your airways are kept wet by the mucus. In order to safeguard your lungs and stop infection, it also captures bacteria, viruses, fungus, and other particles. Cilia, which like microscopic hairs, line the bronchi. The cilia assist in removing particles and mucus (phlegm) from your lungs. The bits stuck in the mucus leave your body or enter an external source when you cough or swallow.
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what is the term for plasmids used for in vitro cloning of foreign dna fragments? group of answer choices
Answer:
Vectors
Explanation:
Plasmids can be used as tools to transfer, clone and manipulate genes. Those plasmids that are used experimentally for such purposes are called vectors. Into plasmid vectors, DNA fragments or genes can be inserted to create a “recombinant plasmid”.
drag each image below into the figure in order to correctly represent the sequence of events regarding the transmission at a cholinergic synapse. step 3 has already been done for you.
The presynaptic membrane's cholinergic synapse knob depolarizes as a result of their action potential. Calcium ions then go into the synaptic knob. Exocytosis is then used to release acetylcholine from storage vesicles. The postsynaptic membrane contains receptors that acetylcholine binds to.
What are the three main components of a synapse?Three components make up the synapse: 1) the presynaptic membrane, which is made up of an axon's terminal button; 2) the postsynaptic membrane, which is made up of a segment of dendrite or cell body; and 3) the synaptic cleft, which is the gap between these two structures.
What five transmission steps are there?The five main ways that microorganisms spread include direct contact, fomites, aerosol (airborne), oral (ingestion), and vectorborne.
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The innermost layer of the kidney is called the _____.
The innermost layer of the kidney is called the Renal cortex.
The renal cortex is the innermost layer of the kidney and is known for its importance in the filtration and excretion of toxins from the body. It is composed of many tubules and nephrons, which are responsible for the production of urine. The renal cortex also plays a role in regulating the electrolyte balance, hormones and other metabolites in the body.
The renal cortex is made up of two layers: the outer cortex, which contains the glomeruli, the vessels that carry blood to the kidney, and the inner medulla, which contains the tubules and nephrons. The glomeruli filter waste from the blood and the tubules and nephrons absorb nutrients, electrolytes and other substances from the filtered blood. The tubules and nephrons also reabsorb water and other substances, such as glucose and sodium, which are then excreted as urine.
The renal cortex is highly vascularized and contains many capillaries, which allow for the rapid transport of substances between the kidney and the circulation. The renal cortex is also important in regulating the water balance of the body, as it is responsible for the reabsorption of water from the urine.
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33. Organic molecules are those that contain at least carbon and oxygen carbon; oxygen; and hydrogen carbon and nitrogen carbon Question 34 (2 points) A nucleic acid is polymer made up of which kind of monomers? alternating sugar and phosphate groups nucleotides amino acids simple sugars
Organic molecules are those that contain at least one carbon and hydrogen atom. A nucleic acid is polymer that is made up of alternating sugar and phosphate groups.
Organic molecules are those molecules which contain carbon and hydrogen as the very basic building blocks of the molecule.
All though there is no restriction on the type of atom that can be present in an organic molecule. It can have sodium calcium potassium but it should must have at least one carbon and hydrogen in it.
A nucleic acid is a polymer that is made up of monomers.
These monomers are amino acids which are alternating simple sugars attached by phosphate groups.
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The Rule of 70 says that if one divides 70
by the percent value of growth
(expressed as a whole number), the
result will equal the time needed for a
population to
A. triple
B. double
C. maintain zero population growth
D. collapse
The Rule of 70 says that if one divides 70 by the percent value of growth (expressed as a whole number), the result will equal the time needed for a population to maintain zero population growth. Thus, option C is correct.
What is population?
This is the term that is used to refer to the given number of people that are known to live in a particular geographical area. The population dynamics has to do with the way that the population is said to change over a period of time.
The true option about population and population dynamics is Population – Inhabitants of a country; Population dynamics the change in the population.
Therefore, The Rule of 70 says that if one divides 70 by the percent value of growth (expressed as a whole number), the result will equal the time needed for a population to maintain zero population growth. Thus, option C is correct.
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which of the following is / are important for enforcing the specificity of protein synthesis? a) correct trna being attached to the right amino acid b) correct codon matching the right anticodon c) specific mrna finding the right kind of ribosome d) both a and b are needed e) all a, b and c are essential
The correct choices that are important to reinforce the specificity of protein synthesis are:
Correct tRNA being attached to the right amino acid.Correct codon matching the right anticodon.Correct answer: letter D.
These two options are important for enhancing the specificity of protein synthesis, because they ensure that the correct amino acid is added to the protein chain at the correct location. If incorrect tRNA or codons are used, the resulting protein may not have the correct properties or may not be able to perform its intended function.
What is protein synthesis?Is the process by which cells create specific proteins, and it is essential for cell growth and repair. Protein synthesis occurs in two stages:
First, the cell’s genetic code is decoded through the transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) from DNA. The mRNA is translated into a specific sequence of amino acids to form a protein.Learn more about protein synthesis:
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The primary immune response involves:
The primary immune response involves:
A slow rise in the concentration of antibodies, followed by a gradual decline.Organism has with a particular antigen which will result in the production of effector T and B cells which are activated cells that defend against the pathogenWhat are 3 examples of primary immune response?When an antigen comes into touch with the immune system for the first time, the primary immune response takes place. The immune system must learn to identify antigen, how to build an antibody against it, and finally produce memory cells throughout this period.
Primary immune responses in vitro require antigen to be particularly immunogenic. Examples of primary immune response are:
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if the two genes independently assort, what is the probability, expressed as a percent, that the offspring will be homozygous for the tall height gene?
A plant with the genotype TtYy and a plant with the genotype Ttyy are crossed. The likelihood that the offspring will be homozygous for gene T is 0.25 if the two genes separately assort.
The genetic make-up of an organism is referred to as its genotype. The Phenotype of an individual characterises its look. An organism's genotype determines its phenotype. The genotype of an organism is said to be homozygous if it consists of two copies of the same allele. A genotype is said to as heterozygous if it contains two copies of a distinct allele in an organism.A homozygous recessive condition is characterised as a recessive characteristic when it manifests in one person. This means that if a person exhibits a recessive characteristic, they will undoubtedly have both recessive alleles for that trait since a dominant allele might mask a recessive trait.
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