Histones that are tightly wound by DNA and are the basic unit of chromatin are called nucleosomes.
In the field of biology, a nucleosome can be described as a structure in which the DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones.
The nucleosome contains eight histone proteins which are the major region for wrapping up the DNA and hence form the basic unit of the chromatin structure.
The nucleosome, consisting of the proteins and the DNA, forms the chromatin.
The occurrence of nucleosomes is possible because the positively cared histone proteins can bind to the negatively charged DNA.
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Which of the following explains why Venus is further away from the sun than Mercury, but much hotter.
O Venus is spinning so fast it creates its own heat
O The high concentration of carbon dioxide traps heat from the Sun and makes Venus the hottest planet in the solar
system.
O Venus has volcanoes that create pools of hot lava
PLEASE HELP The spread of culture through interaction and trade is called ______________ .
*
1 point
ethnocentrism
melting pot
equal opportunity
cultural diffusion
Answer:
It is called a cultural diffusion
I hope this helps!
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? ""neuropathic pain is pain from damage to neurons of either the brain or central nervous system. "".
The word brain should be removed and peripheral should be written instead.
Neuropathic pain in it's simplest terms refers to pain caused by damage to the nerves. The pain is usually described as constricting, burning and tingling. Improper nutritional intake, exposure to harmful toxins makes the nerves vulnerable to damage.
Studies prove that the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy is Diabetes Mellitus resulting in nervous damage of the appendicular section of the i.e. limbs and feet.
The medication that is commonly used by healthcare providers to treat neuropathic pain are anticyclic depressants , Lidocaine, opioids etc.
Non-pharmacological treatment include balanced diet, brisk walking and regular training of muscles.
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My mom ate all my homework :(
Answer:
oh nooo :(((((((((((((((((
Mrna is synthesized in the _______ direction, which corresponds to the _______ of the protein.
mRNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, which corresponds to the terminus of the protein.
A highly conserved process that has been used in protein synthesis from mRNA templates throughout evolution. Polypeptide chains are produced from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus of all mRNAs, which are read in the 5' to 3' direction. The RNA polymerase reads the template DNA strand in the 3′–5′ direction during transcription, whereas the mRNA is created in the 5′–3′ direction. Due to the mRNA's single strand, there are only three viable reading frames, and only one of them is translated.
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What is the blood type of individuals who cannot add the terminal sugar to the h substance?.
Group O members with defective A or B transferases prevent the addition of the terminal sugar, leaving the H antigen, whose terminal sugar is fucose, on the RBC.
Which genotype belongs to blood type O?People with blood type O lack both the A and B alleles. There must be an OO genotype. How can ABO alleles get passed down to our children? The child receives one of each of the two ABO alleles from each biological parent.
Is HH a dominant or recessive trait?Individuals can have dominant qualities if they are homozygous (HH) or heterozygous (Hh). When a recessive allele (Hh) is chosen against, the dominant phenotype's heterozygotes (Hh) preserve a reservoir of recessive alleles.
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The outward observable expression of the underlying function of a gene is called.
Phenotype refers to the observable, external expression of a gene's fundamental activity.
Both a person's genomic make-up (genotype) and environmental circumstances affect their phenotype. The phenotype, or the organism's outer appearance, is influenced by alleles. There are dominant and recessive alleles. An organism will show the dominant phenotype if it is heterozygous at a certain location and carries both a dominant and recessive gene.
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Do humans depend on photosynthesis?
A: No, humans cannot make food by photosynthesis, so they do not depend on photosynthesis for energy.
B: Yes, all of the food consumed by humans is plants or gets energy from plants, and plants produce their own food through photosynthesis.
C: Yes, but only those humans that avoid meat depend on plants that produce their own food through photosynthesis.
D: No, humans rely on animals for food, and neither humans nor animals depend on photosynthesis for food.
Answer:
B. Yes, all of the food consumed by humans is plants or gets energy from plants, and plants produce their own food through photosynthesis.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a chemical process that plants perform in order to get the energy that they need to survive and grow. The chemical that makes plants green, called chlorophyll, is the molecule that makes this reaction possible. Without photosynthesis, plants would not be able to get energy from the sun. The ability to create plant food from solar energy through photosynthesis is the process that underlies almost all life on Earth.
Answer:
The answer is B, yes
Explanation:
Thank you, also, Would you like to be friends?
the dna double helix is stabilized by (choose the best answer): hydrogen bonds van der waals interactions the hydrophobic effect
The DNA double helix is held together by hydrogen bonds, van der Waals interactions, and the hydrophobic effect.
Which of the following stabilises the DNA double helix?The hydrogen bonds formed by complementary organic bases (a base pair), van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions between the nitrogenous bases and the surrounding water sheath all contribute to the stabilisation of the DNA helical structure.
What kind of intermolecular attraction holds the DNA double helix together?The bases, sugars, and phosphate groups are tightly joined together by covalent connections in each of the linear threads (both within each component and between components). To create hydrogen bonds between the two strands, bases from one pair complementary with bases from the other.
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pigeons learned to peck one patch of color in response to a picture of malignant breast cancer cells and a different picture in response to benign cells. this was accomplished through:
Pigeons learned to peck one patch of color in response to a picture of malignant breast cancer cells and a different picture in response to benign cells. this was accomplished through operant conditioning.
Operant conditioning is a type of associative studying technique via which the energy of conduct is changed by using reinforcement or punishment. it's also a process that is used to bring about such learning.
When lab rats press a lever whilst a green light is on, they receive a food pellet as a reward. when they press the lever whilst a pink light is on, they obtain a moderate electric shock. As a result, they discover ways to press the lever whilst the green mild is on and avoid the pink light.
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wild-type strains of a yeast species can grow on a medium of glucose, minerals, and niacin. many strains that have been subjected to x rays cannot grow on this medium (call it medium q) unless other substances are added to it. medium q is thus a(n)____________ medium.
wild-type strains of yeast species can grow on a medium of glucose, minerals, and niacin. Many strains subjected to x-rays cannot grow on this medium (call it medium q) unless other substances are added to it. medium q is thus a minimal medium.
Microbiologists and geneticists frequently use minimal media to grow "wild-type" microorganisms because they contain the fewest nutrients necessary for colony growth and typically do not contain amino acids. Additionally, recombinants or exconjugants can be selected for or against using minimal media.
A minimal media simply contains inorganic salts, a single source of simple carbon (such as glucose or carbon dioxide), and water.
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19) there are two major types of protein kinases according to which amino acids they phosphorylate. what are these amino acids for the two groups?
Kinases often fall into one of two categories: Either they will phosphorylate the bulkier aromatic tyrosine or the smaller serine and/or threonine, which are frequently interchangeable. Thus, they are suitably known as protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein serine/threonine kinases (PSTKs) (PTKs).
Protein kinase comes in two primary varieties. Although there are other varieties, serine/threonine kinases make up the vast majority. These enzymes phosphorylate the hydroxyl groups of serines and threonines in their substrates. Additionally, microbes and plants include protein kinases.
What are the two types of phosphorylation?
Oxidative phosphorylation and substrate-level phosphorylation are the two types of phosphorylation that can convert ADP to ATP. The source of the free energy that drives phosphorylation is the main distinction between these two processes.
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which term describes atp production resulting from the capture of light energy by chlorophyll? view available hint(s)for part a which term describes atp production resulting from the capture of light energy by chlorophyll? photophosphorylation dephosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation substrate-level phosphorylation
Photophosphorylation is the process by which ATP is produced in chloroplasts from ADP. Describe how the light-capturing processes of photosynthesis result in the production of ATP and NADPH.
The Photosynthesis Light Reactions. The energy from the absorbed light is then used to push protons through a membrane and drive electrons from water to create NADPH. To create ATP, these protons return via ATP synthase. In reality, photosynthesis is divided into two steps: In the light-dependent reactions, the pigment molecule chlorophyll catches light energy in the chloroplast's thylakoid membranes and converts it to chemical energy. Only a membrane protein known as ATP synthase allows hydrogen ions in the matrix space to pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane. ADP is converted into ATP by ATP synthase as protons pass through. Oxidative phosphorylation describes the process by which ATP is produced in mitochondria by chemiosmosis.
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Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells use fermentation to obtain energy from food when BLANK levels are low.
Answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
Fermentation is a reaction that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low. Because no oxygen is used, fermentation makes less ATP than cellular respiration does. Fermentation takes place in a cell's cytoplasm, not in mitochondria.
how do cells at the end of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their dna and are about to begin meiosis?
The cells that are produced at the end of meiosis, have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA. (option d)
at the end of meiosis, cell division has half as many chromosomes (called haploid), so they will have half as many chromosomes but the same DNA as the parent cell because DNA divides and copies the DNA of the parent cell.
The number of chromosomes and DNA in daughter cells that are produced at the conclusion of meiosis is half that of cells that have already replicated their DNA and are about to begin meiosis, four daughter cells are produced. This indicates that each daughter cell will receive a portion of the DNA that is shared by the parent cells (1/4).
Meiotic daughter cells typically acquire half of the parent cell's chromosome number. To this end, meiosis is known as the reductional division.
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(complete question)
How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?
a.they have twice the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of DNA.
b.they have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
c.they have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
d.they have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.
e.they have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice the amount of DNA?
What can be concluded from the data about the reliability and validity of the thermometer?
Answer:
ik there's no pic
Explanation:
oak trees go into a state of democracy during the winter . Suppose that a forest of oaks grows in that area that begins to experience warmer winters due to climate change . what effect do you think this will have on oak trees? explain
The dormancy is dependent on the photoperiodism, which is the plant's response to the changes in the length of night and day, and the decreasing temperature in the environment. If the oak trees would experience warmer weather and longer days due to climate change in the winter, then the period of dormancy would be reduced. The tree would remain active as long as the temperature is not low enough to slow down its chemical processes.
A tree or shrub, which literally means oak tree in Latin, belongs to the family of beech trees. The number of living oak species is around 500. As well as being used in the names of unrelated species like Grevillea robusta (silky oaks) and the Casuarinaceae, the common word "oak" is also used in the names of species in allied genera, most notably Lithocarpus (stone oaks) (oaks). Native to the Northern Hemisphere, the genus contains deciduous and evergreen species that grow throughout the Americas, Asia, Europe, and North Africa at latitudes ranging from mild temperate to tropical. The majority of oak species are found in North America, with roughly 90 in the US and 160 in Mexico, 109 of which are indigenous.
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in which phase cell ensures there is a supply of energy and nucleotides, and proteins, like histones and enzymes needed for dna replication
The cell ensures the supply of energy and nucleotides, and proteins, like histones and enzymes needed for DNA replication during the G1 phase.
Nucleotides are the basic units of DNA as well as RNA. A nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. Several nucleotides joined together form a complete DNA.
G1 phase of the cell cycle belong to the interphase stage. During this the cell prepares for the further events like DNA replication and cell division. This is called the growth phase of cell where the cell becomes larger in size. It is also rich in several proteins, enzymes and other molecules that will be required during the upcoming events.
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Which technology has been commonly utilized by scientists to manipulate heritable information by producing large amounts of identical recombinant dna molecules?.
According to the research, the correct answer is genetic cloning. This technology is used by scientists to manipulate heritable information by producing large amounts of identical recombinant DNA molecules.
What is genetic cloning?It is the technological process by which a cell population with identical phenotype is obtained, producing genetically exact copies of the original DNA molecules.
In this sense, the genes are responsible for the characteristics of an individual being transmitted to the offspring, being the DNA sequence of the organism necessary to manipulate and clone the cells.
Therefore, we can conclude that genetic cloning is the technology through which exact copies of cells are obtained, whose heritable information is stored in dna molecules.
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Where do obese women in their 30s and 40s—before the onset of menopause—tend to accumulate fat?.
In comparison to premenopausal women, men, perimenopausal women, and menopausal women accumulate more belly fat, giving them an "apple" body shape and increasing their risk of developing obesity-related complications.
What stage of life does a person's weight typically start to decline?Men and women experience different changes in total body weight. Men typically gain weight until they are about 55 years old, at which point they start to lose weight. A decrease in testosterone, the male sex hormone, may be responsible for this. Up until age 65, women typically gain weight; after that, they start to lose it.
Which of the following conditions is a health risk linked to obesity?Excessive blood pressure High triglyceride levels, low HDL cholesterol, or high LDL cholesterol.
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.A student was given a flower and he was asked to pick up the parts of the flower with a forecep. He pulled each part of the flower and laid them on a chart paper and named them as W,X,Y,Z. (From outer to inner whorl). He can not name it. Help him to name the given parts.
The parts from outer whorls to inner whorls is W,X,Y,Z. is calyx, corolla, Androceium and Gynoceium'.
What is flower whorl?The four primary whorls of a typical flower are the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium . The flower's outermost whorl is composed of sepals, which are green, leafy structures.
The calyx, which is made up of the sepals, serves to shield the closed bud. The corolla, or collection of petals in the second whorl, are typically brilliantly colored. Whether a plant is a monocot or a dicot affects how many sepals and petals it has.
Petal counts in dicots are typically four or five, or multiples of four and five, whereas they are typically three or multiples of three in monocots. The perianth is the collective name for the calyx and corolla.
Therefore, The parts from outer whorls to inner whorls is W,X,Y,Z. is calyx, corolla, Androceium and Gynoceium'.
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Which phrase names a direct result of hydrogen bonding?
O movement by osmosis
O the bent structure of a water molecule
O the polar ends of a water molecule
O cohesion and adhesion
The phrase names a direct result of hydrogen bonding is cohesion and adhesion. Option D.
Surface tension is caused by the cohesion of water through hydrogen bonding and the polarity of water. Agglomeration creates high surface tension, requiring a large amount of energy to bind and break water molecules. This makes hydrogen an electrically positive atom because it lacks electrons.
Hydrogen bonds are formed due to the attraction between the oxygen atoms of one water molecule and the hydrogen atoms of another water molecule. A hydrogen bond is formed when the plus end of one molecule is attracted to the minus end of another molecule. This concept is similar to magnetic attraction where opposite poles attract each other. Hydrogen has one proton and one electron.
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All organisms use respiration, but a. only plants have mitochondria b. only animals have mitochondria c. only prokaryotes have mitochondria d. only eukaryotes have mitochondria
Answer: D
all eukaryotes have mitochondria including plants and animals but its not exclusive to one
Answer:
only eukaryotes have mitochondria
Explanation:
Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic however plant cells do not have mitochondria.
Which is an example of disturbance and primary succession currently happening on earth?.
Primary succession, for instance, might take place following the eruption of volcanoes, such as those on Hawaii's Big Island. As lava flows into the water, rock is produced.
Primary succession: What is it?
Primary succession, the initial phase of ecological recovery after a major disturbance, often occurs in an environment devoid of vegetation and other living things. These habitats frequently lack soil because of natural disturbances like lava flows and retreating glaciers.
Contrarily, secondary succession occurs on substrates that had previously supported vegetation before an ecological disturbance. This occurs when less severe disturbances, including fires, floods, and storms, only entirely destroy the local plant life while leaving the nutrients in the soil available for the swift growth of intermediate community species.
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Match the following phases:
Column A
1.
Chromatids remain attached at their centromeres as the spindle fibers move the homologous chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell.:
2.
A nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes, the spindle breaks down and the cytoplasm divides, resulting in 4 haploid cells.:
3.
Chromosomes gather at the poles; the cytoplasm divides.:
4.
The nuclear envelope breaks down; genetic material is exchanged through crossing over:
5.
Chromosomes line up at the equator.:
6.
Pairs of homologous chromosomes line up at the equator.:
Column B
a. Telophase I
b. Metaphase I
c. Anaphase II
d. Metaphase II
e. Telophase II
f. Prophase I
Answer: 1. C. 2. E. 3. A
4. F 5.D 6. B
Explanation:
The two brain structures concerned directly with maintenance of homeostasis include certain nuclei in the brainstem and the _____.
Answer:
Hypothalamus
Explanation:
this is the answer
During protein synthesis, what cellular component catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds?.
The big ribosomal component of the ribosome catalyzes the chemical process of protein synthesis known as peptide bond formation.
How does the term "catalyst" apply?An occurrence or change that is caused by something or someone: The govt's arrest of him acted as the impetus for the revolution that followed civil unrest. someone who makes others more amiable, enthusiastic, or energetic through their speaking or other displays of energy.
Catalyze: How to Use It in a Sentence.He would need to use medicines such as adrenaline and others to expedite his recovery. Sometimes even the seldom chance to spend some time away from the responsibilities of operating a business on a daily basis can spark more imaginative thinking.
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true or false: if a sexually reproducing, diploid organism has four chromosomes, then the only options for the gamete genotypes produced for that organism are represented by the gametes shown below. note - assume crossing over does not occur.
False Clarification: Assume that the gamete genotypes represented by the chromosomes are the only options available.
What are some examples of organisms?A living creature that has a defined system, is capable of responding to stimuli, can reproduce, develop, adapt, and preserve homeostasis is referred to as an organism. Therefore, every mammal, herb, fungi, unicellular organism, bacterium, or archaeon found on Earth would be considered an organism.
What does a human organism look like?Eleven organ systems make up the human body. The integumentary system, skeleton, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems are among them.
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Our current understanding of how chemical messengers act via signal transduction pathways had its origin in the pioneering work of ________________. ___________ and his colleagues at Vanderbilt University were investigating how the animal hormone epinephrine (adrenaline) stimulates the breakdown of the storage polysaccharide glycogen within liver cells and skeletal muscle cells. His research team discovered that epinephrine stimulates glycogen breakdown by somehow activating a cytosolic enzyme, glycogen phosphorylase.
The fact that chemical messengers function through signaling pathways stems from the pioneering work of Earl W. Sutherland and his colleagues at Vanderbilt University.
What are Signal transduction pathways?Signal transduction pathways involve the binding of extracellular signaling molecules and ligands to receptors located on the cell surface or within the cell, triggering events and responses within the cell. This response can alter cell metabolism, shape, and gene expression.The three main pathways leading to its activation are the GPCR pathway, the RTK pathway, and gated ion channels. What are the four steps of signaling?Step 1: Received. Signal reception is the first step in cell signaling and involves the detection of signaling molecules originating from the extracellular milieu.
Step 2: Induction.
Step 3: Response
Step 4: Reset to default.
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Twin studies suggest that familial influence on major depressive disorders is due to _______________________.
Twin studies, genetic factors (genes) inherited from parents, as well as some environmental influence, cause familial influence on major depressive disorders. So it caused by the combination of both.
What is depressive disorder?Depression is linked to mental illnesses, and it can be impacted by both hereditary and epigenetic factors. When their parents have this problem, it is handed on to the children, however under epigenetic circumstances, environmental influences impact this disorder. The individual is more likely to be impacted by this because of stress, inevitable judgements about one's looks, and so on. When a person is unable to cope with the circumstance, all of these elements contribute to depression. As a result, the familial influence on major depressive disorders is caused by both genetic and environmental factors.
Twin studies suggest that familial influence on major depressive disorders is due to genetic and environmental factors.
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