how can we dedue the presence and measure the mass of supermassive blakc kholes in teh center of the galaxy

Answer:

1.2×10¹² kg

Explanation:

from

[tex]f = \frac{gm1m2 }{r {}^{2} } [/tex]

[tex]m2 = \frac{fr {}^{2} }{gm1} [/tex]

[tex]m2 = \frac{1.14 \times (75000 { )}^{2} }{6.67 \times {10}^{ - 11} \times 8 \times {10}^{7} } [/tex]

HENCE M2= 1.2×10¹²kg

Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediments are compacted and cemented together. Similarly, when magma cools it hardens into igneous rock.

I was able to sculpt a model out of the sedimentary rock by applying pressure to the candy with a book. This is similar to sedimentary rock formations in nature. After the rock fragments pile up in layers the pressure causes the sediment to become sedimentary rock.

Great Plains rock is sedimentary Rocky Mountain rock is igneous. They were formed differently and need not be formed together. The Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains are similar in this respect. Both lie on the same tectonic plate known as the North American plate.

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The wavelength of the first third and fifth harmonics is ∝ = 64cm.

Solution:

[tex]\frac{\pi }{4} = 80cm , \pi = 320cm[/tex]

[tex]\pi = 80 cm\\[/tex] [tex]\pi = 106.67cm[/tex]

[tex]\frac{5\pi }{4}=80cm[/tex]

[tex]\pi = 64cm[/tex]

The bottom opening of closed-ended tubular piles is covered with a steel plate or a conical tip. A steel plate or conical tip is welded into the opening. These covers are often called end caps. In contrast, open-ended tubular piles do not have end caps.

When a sound wave is transmitted through an open pipe and reflected from the Earth. The incident and reflected waves then have the same frequency and propagate in opposite directions, forming a superimposed standing wave. An open-ended instrument has both ends open to the air. An example would be a trumpet-like instrument.

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Ammonia crystals that have been frozen make up the majority of Jupiter and Saturn's clouds. Methane makes up the clouds on Uranus and Neptune. The composition of the clouds is determined by these worlds' temperatures.

At any given altitude, Saturn's atmosphere is colder than Jupiter's, hence the different cloud layers are located further into Saturn's atmosphere. However, methane cannot condense in the warmer troposphere, only in the extremely cold upper troposphere of Uranus and Neptune.

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Answer:

moving over a landmass because moving for a long period of time will cause for it to slow down.

The factor that would most likely cause a hurricane to decrease in strength is staying over a warm body of water for a long time. The correct option is B.

Because of their larger size, longer duration, and greater variety of ways to damage property, hurricanes cause far more overall destruction than tornadoes.

A hurricane is a tropical storm with winds that have reached 74 miles per hour or higher. A storm's eye is typically 20-30 miles wide and can extend for 400 miles.

These storms weaken and disintegrate as they move over cold water or land and lose contact with the hot water that powers them.

Recent research has found a link between ocean surface temperatures and the intensity of tropical storms. Warmer waters fuel more energetic storms.

Thus, the correct option is B.

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If a Styrofoam has a density of 300 kg / m³, the maximum mass that can hang without sinking from a 20.0 cm -diameter Styrofoam sphere in water is 23.45 kg

ρ = m / V

V = 4 / 3 π r³

ρ = Density

m = Mass

V = Volume

r = Radius of sphere

d = 40 cm = 0.4 m

r = d / 2 = 0.4 / 2

r = 0.2 m

V = 4 / 3 * 3.14 * 0.2 * 0.2 * 0.2

V = 0.0335 m³

ρ = 300 kg / m³

m = ρ V

m = 300 * 0.0335

m = 10.05 kg

Similarly for water displaced,

ρ = 1000 kg / m³

m = 1000 * 0.0335

m = 33.5 kg

The maximum mass that the sphere can hold without sinking,

m = 33.5 - 10.05

m = 23.45 kg

Therefore, the maximum mass that the sphere can hold without sinking is 23.45 kg

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The average density of the full gas can is 0.2 kg/m³

Density is the substance's mass consistent with the unit of quantity. The symbol most customarily used for density is ρ, despite the fact that the Latin letter D can also be used. Density is the size of ways tightly a cloth is packed together. it's far defined as the mass consistent with unit quantity.

ρ = m/V, wherein ρ is the density, m is the mass of the item and V is the quantity of the object.

calculation:-

mass = 2 kg

volume = 10 L

density = mass/volume

             = 2/10

              = 0.2 kg/L

The density is of two types, one is absolute density, and the alternative is relative density. Relative density is also called unique gravity, which is the ratio of the density of a material to the density of a reference material. typically, the reference fabric is water.

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1. A spectrograph.

2. A Colors.

3. Cause of various properties.

4. Rainbow.

5. Dispersion.

Further Information

1. A spectrograph, also known as a spectroscope or spectrometer, separates the light from a single substance into its component colors, similar to how a prism separates white light into a rainbow. This spectrum is recorded, allowing scientists to evaluate the light and determine the qualities of the material with which it interacts.

2. A Colors - Distinct wavelengths of light appear as different colors to human sight. Longer wavelengths appear red, whereas shorter wavelengths seem blue or violet. The animation on the right depicts a wave as a schematic design.

3. Cause of various properties. Different light sources have distinct spectra due to their unique features, such as composition and temperature. Because fluorescent light is composed of a unique blend of hues, it differs slightly in appearance from sunlight.

4. Rainbow - A rainbow is a natural illustration of a spectrum. Optics-studying scientists initially employed the term spectrum. They used the term to describe the spectrum of colors produced by a prism on visible light. The spectrum observed when light passes through a prism is an illustration of light dispersion.

5. Dispersion - The distinct hues correspond to different wavelengths of light and are refracted to varying degrees. This separation of hues is referred to as dispersion. Once sunlight's hues are separated through refraction, we are able to recognize them in the rainbow's grandeur.

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Taking into account the Universal Law of Gravitation, the distance between the objects is 1.10396×10⁻⁶ m².

The Universal Law of Gravitation establishes that bodies, by the simple fact of having mass, experience a force of attraction towards other bodies with mass, called gravitational force.

This law states that the gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance that separates them, expressed as:

[tex]F=G\frac{Mm}{d^{2} }[/tex]

where:

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the Universal Law of Gravitation:

[tex]9.2x10^{-6} N=6.67x10^{-11}\frac{Nm^{2} }{kg^{2} } \frac{4.1x10^{2} kgx 4.1x10^{2} kg}{d^{2} }[/tex]

Solving:

9.2×10⁻⁶ N÷ 6.67×10⁻¹¹ [tex]\frac{Nm^{2} }{kg^{2} }[/tex]= [tex]\frac{4.1x10^{2} kgx 4.1x10^{2} kg}{d^{2} }[/tex]

1.3793×10⁻¹⁷ kg²÷m²= [tex]\frac{168100 kg^{2} }{d^{2} }[/tex]

1.3793×10⁻¹⁷ kg²÷m²× d²= 168100 kg²

d²= 168100 kg²÷ 1.3793×10⁻¹⁷ kg²÷m²

d²= 1.2187341×10⁻¹² m²

d= √1.2187341×10⁻¹² m²

d= 1.10396×10⁻⁶ m²

Finally, the distance is 1.10396×10⁻⁶ m².

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The answer is 42300km. The gravitational field on the surface of a neutron star is about 2.0×1012 m/s2, about 2×1011 times that of the Earth.

Neutron stars form when giant stars run out of fuel and collapse. The central part of the star, the core, collapses, crushing each proton and electron into a neutron. Neutron stars are extreme objects with diameters of 10 to 20 km. Their density is 1017 kg/m3 (Earth's density is about 5×103 kg/m3, even white dwarfs have a density of one million times less). A small, very dense star composed almost entirely of densely packed neutrons. About 10 km radius (the size of Manhattan). Pulsar. A source of short radio bursts with precise timing. Probably a rotating neutron star. lighthouse model.

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The ball has the most energy when it is at the top of its trajectory.

When is a ball at its most energetic?

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If a flight is made from an area of lower pressure into an area of high pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate option c - lower than the actual altitude above sea level.

When flying from a lower pressure area to a high-pressure area, the aircraft's altitude gradually rises while the altimeter remains constant; thus, the ALTIMETER indicates a lower altitude than the aircraft is actually flying. The quantity of gas particles with in air reduces as height increases atmosphere becomes less dense than air nearer to ocean level. It's what weathermen and mountain climbers refer to when they speak regarding "thin air." Thin air imposes fewer pressure than lesser air.

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200 ms²  is the kinetic energy for an object that weighs 40g and moving at 10 m/s.

Kinetic energy is the power that an object has had as a result of motion. To accelerate an object, a power must be supplied to it. To apply a force, we must exert effort. The power is transported to the object when work is accomplished, which causes it to move at a new, constant pace.

The capacity to perform work is unquestionably the most important characteristic of kinetic energy. Force acting on to an object while it is traveling is referred to as work. Energy and work are interchangeable because of their close relationship.

Using Kinetic Energy Formula:

K.E  = 1/2 mv²

K.E. = 1/2 * 40 * 10

K.E. = 200 ms²

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Due to the fact that the work relies on the chosen path, friction is non-conservative. a force that prevents two solid objects from rolling or sliding over one another.

friction is the resistance to a thing moving or rolling over another solid object. Although frictional forces can be advantageous, such as the traction required to walk without slipping, they also provide a significant amount of resistance to motion.

Because of the imperfections on the two surfaces in contact, friction is produced. Small imperfections can be found on even the smoothest surfaces, and when two surfaces interact with one another, they cause friction.

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At its peak, a tornado carries 540 km/h winds at a point where the diameter of the tornado is 59 m, angular velocity is 0.737 rev/s.

What is Angular Velocity?

However, The Greek symbol omega is used to signify angular velocity.

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The work done by the gravitational force is -400 J.

Solution:

Work done = 5×8×(-10)

Work done = 40(-10)

Work done = -400J.

Gravity or attraction pulls objects with mass together. We often think about Earth's gravity. This force locks the body to the ground. But all objects with mass exert gravitational force on all other objects with mass.

Gravity is described as the force of attraction that attracts all physical forms with mass. It is by far the weakest known force of nature. The reason gravity pulls you to the ground is that all objects with mass like our Earth actually bend or distort the fabric of the universe called space-time. This curvature is what we perceive as gravity.

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2 chippers are used in operation when the reading of 127 was obtained.

We have following information,

Sound power level reading = 127db

the sound power level reading when one chippers stopped working = 120db

let L₁ = 127db , L₂ = 120db

change in sound level ( ∆L ) = 127 - 120 = 7db

Using the sound level formula ,

change in sound level = ∆L

= L₁ - L₂= 10 log L₁ - 10 log L₂ = 7

=> 10 log ( L₁ /L₂ ) = 7 ( from logarithm formula)

=> log ( L₁/L₂ ) = 7/10 = 0.7

=> L₁ /L₂ = e^0.7 = 2.01

So, there are 2 chippers initially.

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The approximate kinetic energy of the brick just before it touches the ground is 75J. Option A.

Solution:

Mass of brick = m = 2.5 kg

Height of roof = 3 m

Let v be the final velocity of the brick just before hitting the ground.

The kinetic energy of an object is given by KE = [tex]\frac{1}{2} *M *V^{2}[/tex]

v must be calculated before calculating KE.

You can calculate the required variables using the formula where u is the initial velocity, v is the final velocity, a is the acceleration, and s is the distance traveled.

Where s = roof height, u = 0 because the brick falls instead of being thrown, so a = gravitational acceleration = g = 9.8.[tex]\frac{M}{S^{2} }[/tex]

So[tex]V^{2}[/tex] = 0+2x9.8x3 = 58.8

So v = [tex]\sqrt{58.8}[/tex] = 7.66m/s

Now we can calculate the kinetic energy = [tex]\frac{1}{2} *m*v^{2} = \frac{1}{2} *2.5*58.8 = 73.5 kg*\frac{m^{2} }{s^{2} }[/tex]

We also need to convert KE to Joules.

[tex]1kg*\frac{m^{2} }{s^{2} }[/tex] = 1 joule

Therefore kinetic energy = 73.5 joules.

When an object falls from rest its gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Energy conservation as a tool allows us to calculate the velocity just before hitting the surface. When an object hits solid ground, all of its kinetic energy is converted into heat and sound energy. When an object falls to the ground in free fall its potential energy decreases, and its kinetic energy increases.

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The egg's displacement is 122.625 m

Here, the case of dropping the egg from the treehouse is comes under freefall condition. Meaning that the motion is under Earth's gravitational acceleration only as we have to ignore air resistance. Here initial velocity is considered to be zero.

Hence, we will use s= 1/2* g*t²

s is displacement to be find out in meter

g is acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s²

t is time taken by the egg to reach the ground which is given as 5 second.

Putting all the values in the given equation

s= 1/2*9.81*5*5

s= 1/2*9.81*25

s= 245.25/2

s= 122.625

So the displacement is 122.625 meter

Buoyancy or Buoyant force is the force which acts on the objects that are placed in a fluid. Thus, the correct option is B.

The buoyant force or buoyancy is the upward force that is exerted on an object which is fully or partially immersed in a fluid. This upward force is also called Up-thrust. Due to buoyant force, a body that is submerged in a fluid appears to lose its weight in the fluid, i.e. appears to be lighter. The factors which affect buoyant force are volume of the fluid displaced and the volume of the body that is submerged in fluid.

An example where buoyant force can be observed is a ship which is floating in the middle of the sea, an anchor that sinks when thrown in the water, and a fish which is hovering in the middle of the waterbody.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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The minimum coefficient of static friction between the man and the train accelerating at 0.20g is .020.

The acceleration of the train is 0.20g. g is the acceleration due to gravity.

The man standing in the train will also have the same acceleration as that of the train. So, the acceleration of the man standing in the train is 0.20g.

Let us assume that the mass of the man is M.

So,

in order to keep standing an go with the trains,

Friction force = The force on the man exerted by the train's acceleration.

Friction force = uN

u is the coefficient of static friction,

N is the normal reaction.

The Normal reaction will be equal to the weight of the man.

Weight of the man wil be mg. So,

Friction force = uMg

Th force due to train's acceleration,

F = M(0.2g)

Now,

M(0.2) = uMg

u = 0.2

So, the coefficient of static friction is 0.2.

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To remove the refrigerant from a system without any testing or processing and to be put back into the same system is called recovery.

Recover means to remove refrigerant in any condition from an appliance and to store it in an external container without necessarily testing or processing it in any way. Recovery efficiency means the percentage of refrigerant in an appliance that is recovered by a piece of recovery and/or recycling equipment.

In the vapor recovery method, the refrigerant is removed from the HVAC system in a vapor state. The vapor is then condensed into a liquid by the recovery unit and transferred to the recovery cyclinder.

To put it as simply as possible, refrigerant recovery refers to the transfer of a system's refrigerant into a refillable refrigerant cylinder during repairs or replacement of the air-conditioning system. By looking into refrigerant recovery, you can prevent refrigerants from leaking and releasing into the atmosphere.

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The net force required to horizontally accelerate a 90 kg person from rest to 66 m/s is  4596.3 N.

Acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an item with appreciation to time. Accelerations are vector quantities. The orientation of an item's acceleration is given by the orientation of the net pressure appearing on that object.

Given;

mass = 90 kg

initial velocity = 0

final velocity = 66 m/s

time = 1.3 sec

V = u + at

66 = 0 + a × 1.3

a = 66/1.3

a = 50.77 m/s²

F = ma

   = 90 × 50.77 N

   = 4596.3 N

Acceleration is the charge at which velocity modifications with time, in terms of each speed and route. A factor or an object moving in a straight line is accelerated if it quickens or slows down. movement on a circle is extended despite the fact that the rate is consistent because the course is continually changing.

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a) Speed of the man will be

b) Yes the speed can be reduced by reducing the speed of the sandbag.

Speed can be defined as the rate of change of distance with respect to time.

Viewing the man-rope-sandbag as a system the total mass of the system will be 110 + 74 = 184 kg

height from the ground = S = 12 m

According to the second law of motion,

S = ut + 0.5 a t²

u = initial velocity = 0 m/s

t can be calculated from the above equation

a = 9.81 m/sec²

12 = 0 + 0.5 * 9.8 * t²

t² = 2.44

t = 1.5 sec

Now according to the first equation of motion,

v - u = at

Since 'u' is 0 'v' will be called as the speed of the man

v = 9.8 * 1.5

v = 14.7 m/se

The speed of the man by which he will hit the ground is 14.7 m/sec.

b) If the weight of the sandbag is increased, the man can reduce his acceleration and consequently the speed with which he hits the ground will decrease.

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We now think that the canals seen on Mars in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century were the result of optical illusions.

The canals of Mars, which appeared to be systems of long, straight lines on the surface of Mars, are now understood to be illusions caused by the unintentional alignment of craters and other natural surface features that are seen in telescopes close to their resolution limit. They sparked a lot of debate and influenced how people perceived the possibility of life beyond Earth in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Answer: abundance

Explanation: Paradox Inequality is the result of abundance. intended or unintended consequences of social processes and relationships. prevents social equality, and that this inequality ultimately leads to social conflict.

As your textbook notes, the paradox of stratification is that inequality is the result of the Universal Basic Income.

A sociopolitical idea known as universal basic income proposes that every member of a particular population receive a transfer payment on a regular basis without having to prove their ability to pay.

A legally mandated and equally distributed cash award is provided by the government to all people of a given nation under the sociopolitical financial transfer policy concept known as universal basic income (UBI). Local, regional, or national implementation of a basic income are all possible.

The phenomena of birthweight-specific mortality curves crossing when stratified on other exposures, most notably cigarette smoking, is known as the "birth weight conundrum." The dilemma has received a lot of attention in the literature, and a lot of explanations and fixes have been proposed.

Thus, As your textbook notes, the paradox of stratification is that inequality is the result of the Universal Basic Income.

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(a) over the distance of 150.8   cm  on the surface of the water, the group of waves extends.

(b) an observer counts 12 wave crests in the group.  the precision with which the wavelength can be determined is  0.112 cm

We are provided with the time taken which is 5.2 s  and the wave speed which is 29 cm/s. Since  distance , d = velocity * time

=  29 cm/s *  5.2 s  = 150.8   cm

For the second part, λ=d / N,  where  λ is the wavelength and N is the number of wave crest

so λ= 150.8 /12 = 12.56 = 13  cm

so Δ λ =ε  λ²/ d  

 here ε = 0.1

so Δλ = 0.1*13²/150.8   = 0.112 cm

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To learn the equilibrium and temperature.

What is equilibrium?

When Newton's first law is true, the equilibrium state of an object is present. When all external forces (including moments) operating on an object in a reference coordinate system are equal, the object is said to be in equilibrium. The net effect of all external forces and moments acting on this object is zero as a result.

What is temperatue?

Temperature is a unit of measurement that can be expressed on a variety of scales, including Fahrenheit and Celsius. Temperature shows the direction of the spontaneous movement of heat energy, i.e., from a hotter body (one with a higher temperature) to a colder body (one with a lower temperature).

Their temperatures must be equal if two bodies are in thermal equilibrium.

As for coldness or warmth, we generally observe that metals feel colder while non metallic objects don't (i.e. comparatively they feel warmer than metals). This is due to the fact that metals are good conductor of heat. So when we touch a metallic body, heat flows from our body and is transferred to other points of the metal object. Since our body loses heat, we feel cold. In non metals, this conduction of heat from point of contact to other locations does not happen.

Therefore, the amount of heat loss from our body is much smaller. So we don't feel that cold.

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Answer:

40.4 m/s

Explanation:

v = v o  - at

  = 60 - 9.81 (2) = 40.4 m/s

The net momentum of two balls is 18.1476 kgm/s.

8.52 (2.13)=18.1476 kgm/s

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