How do vaccines work if the pathogen in them is dead?

Answers

Answer 1

Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system to recognize and defend against specific pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria, that cause diseases.

How vaccines work

There are different types of vaccines, including those that contain dead or inactivated pathogens.

When a vaccine contains dead or inactivated pathogens, it means that the pathogens have been rendered non-functional or unable to cause disease. However, they still retain their antigenic properties, which means they can trigger an immune response.

When the dead or inactivated pathogens are introduced into the body through vaccination, the immune system recognizes them as foreign invaders.

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Related Questions

Write the sequence of the mRNA strand that would be coded from the following strand of DNA:
TACCGAATTCGC
Please help me with this!!!

Answers

Answer:

DNA: TACCGAATTCGC

mRNA: AUGGCUUAAGCG

RNA: A=U, T=A, G=C

RNA contains Uracil and Thymine is no longer present

A cross between a yellow snake and a blue snake produces offspring that are all green. What type of inheritance is this?

Answers

Answer:

co dominance

Explanation:

codominance is a type of inheritance in which both allels are dominat over each other and the two allels are expressed to an equal degree in an offspring,that is why the cross between yellow and blue snake give another green colour offsprings in stead of giving all blue or all yellow offsprings depending on which allel is dominant.

as example we can take human blood group AB which is inherited from blood group A and B and both allel A and B are dominant over each other.

I hope it helped you!

1.which organelle contain the enzayme needed to synthesize ATP in the presence of oxygen​

Answers

Explanation:

I think mitochondria.....

Rabbits can exhibit a number of colors in their coats: black, white, tan, brown, red, and grey. A disease randomly kills off most of the population and leaves only black and grey rabbits. Future generations are only black or grey. What is the term used to describe this
phenomenon? (1 point)

1. artificial selection
2. genetic drift
3. natural selection
4. genetic modification

please hurry and I will mark brainliest!​

Answers

Answer:

2. Genetic Drift

Explanation:

Because it's simply by chance not on purpose or because their stronger.

Term used to describe the phenomenone where only black and grey rabbits survive and rest are killed randoml is called Genetic Drift..

What is genetic drift?As a result of a chance or random event, the frequency of an allele in a population drifts over time compared to the frequency of the other alleles. this is termed as genetic drift. Here, the rabbits with other coat colors were randomly killed off due to the disease which increased the frequency of the black and grey coat allele and hence the population drifts from multicolored coats to only black and grey colored rabbit coats.

Hence the correct option here will be 2. Genetic Drift

other options are incorrect because:

Artificial selection is inducing the desired traits artifically which is not possible because the disease was a random event and not induced by humans.Natural selection is the survival of the fittest of the alleles and elimination of less fitter alleles. here it is not mentioned whether Black and grey coats were more fitter to survive than other coatsGenetic modification is a human made procedure and did not occur here.

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Gas exchange is more difficult for aquatic animals with gills than for terrestrial animals with lungs because _____. gills have less surface area than lungs water contains much less oxygen per unit volume than air water is less dense than air gills collapse in air gills allow only unidirectional transport

Answers

Answer:

Land animals breathe air.

Explanation:

What accounts for the climate change that is seen among the galapagos islands?
a. distance from the equator
b. ocean currents
c. difference in elevation

Answers

Ocean currents is responsible for the climate change at the galapagos islands.

Impact of ocean currents on the climate of galapagos islands

Weather in the Galapagos is different from other higher latitudes because of its geographical location. The ocean currents bring a unique seasons and climatic conditions. The climate is warm, rainy season and the cool.

So we can conclude that Ocean currents is responsible for the climate change at the galapagos islands.

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Answer:

Its C

Explanation:

Difference in ELEVATION

Which process initiates photosynthesis?

The Benson Cycle
The Calvin Cycle

light-dependent reactions

light-independent reactions

Answers

Explanation:

Photosynthesis begins when light strikes Photosystem I pigments and excites their electrons. The energy passes rapidly from molecule to molecule until it reaches a special chlorophyll molecule called P700, so named because it absorbs light in the red region of the spectrum at wavelengths of 700 nanometers.

A subset of a population selected to represent the population is a:.

Answers

I believe that’s a REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE.

What percent must a species decline by to be placed on the endangered species list an animal must decline in ten years by?
40%

20%

30%

10%

Answers

Answer:

20%

Explanation:

A species is placed on the endangered species list when its overall population sees a reduction of 20% over a 10 year period or a 3 generation period.

(This is correct, because I got it right on my quiz)

Answer:

20%

Explanation:

Why is mass selection considered a form of selective breeding?

Answers

Mass selection is considered a form of selective breeding because it includes selection of individuals from a large group organisms.

What is mass selection?

Mass selection is defined as a type of selective breeding in which two species are chosed and breeded with one another. This process is used to get the desired characteristic organism.

So we can conclude that mass selection is considered a form of selective breeding because it includes selection of individuals from a large group organisms.

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2. Use words from the word bank to fill in the blanks in the sentences below.
Species inherit__from__. If two species have some of the same__. This means that they are probably__or__that also had those__
of
Word Bank
body structures
ancestors
descendants
a common ancestor

Answers

Answer:

1. body structures2. ancestors 3. descendants

Explanation:

that's all I know sorry I hope that's helpful

I NEED HELP!!! 40 POINTS AND BRAINIEST TO THE FIRST CORRECT ANSWER

Answers

Answer:

1. is the wave crest

2. is the wave trough

3. is the amplitude

4. is the wave length

Explanation:

1. crest point on a wave is the maximum value of upward displacement within a cycle.

2. A trough is the opposite of a crest, so the minimum or lowest point in a cycle.

3. distance between two successive crests (or troughs) is the length of the wave or wavelength.

4. amplitude, in physics, the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position.

A circumpolar constellation can be seen ____________

Answers

Answer:

Ursa Minor

Explanation:

Which statements describe global winds? select three options. they flow in different directions. they travel over short distances. they generate land breezes. they are affected by the rotation of earth. they blow away from poles to the equator.

Answers

The statements that describe global winds are:

They flow in different directions. They are affected by the rotation of the earth. They blow away from poles to the equator.

What do you mean by Global winds?

Global winds may be defined as winds that blow steadily from specific directions over a long distance on the Earth's surface.

Global winds are responsible for steering the storms such as hurricanes. These winds are affected by convection current, pressure gradient, the Coriolis effect, and friction.

Therefore, the above statements best describe the global winds.

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Which Action has the least impact on the environment

Answers

Answer: C. Using a safe fountain for clean drinking water

Explanation:

         Since all the other options will have some sort of impact on the environment via waste, the correct answer to your question is using a safe water fountain.

         There won't be anything to throw away, short-term or long-term, from you so it's the least impact.

What functions does the muscular system perform
A. It provides stability, movement, and posture
B. It generates and conducts electrical signals
C. It produces melanin, which protects from the Sun
D. It produces oil, which protects from foreign invasion

Answers

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

The muscular system provides for movement of the body and its parts, maintains posture, generates heat, and stabilizes joints.

Mainly, it's responsible for movement, posture, and stability.

Hope this helps !

All of the following are anthropoids from the Fayum EXCEPT Group of answer choices Oligopithecidae Eosimiidae Propliopithecidae Parapithecids

Answers

Given what we know, we can confirm that the animals listed that are not a part of the anthropoids are the Eosimiidae.

Why are they not anthropoids?

The Eosimiidae' are a species of now-extinct primates that very closely resemble the anthropoid family. They were once linked to the anthropoids and thought to belong to this group due to their very similar traits and behaviors, over time, however, it was discovered that they did not in fact belong to this grouping.

Therefore, we can confirm that the animals listed that are not a part of the anthropoids are the Eosimiidae.

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What is one way the current atomic model differs from the Bohr model?

Answers

Atomic electron structure is more like 3D standing waves

This is a ___________ gibbous moon.
a) crescent
eliminate
b) new
c) waning
d) waxing

Answers

This is a new gibbous moon.

What is the definition of energy?

heat from the sun
the ability to do work
it can be anything and everywhere
food and water

Answers

Answer:

The definition of energy is the ability to do work.

One way to think abnout is whenever you have a lto of eneergy you can do a lot of work, but with little energy you can't do much work.

Answer:

thats ability to do any type of work

The model shows what happens to chromosomes
during a certain part of the cell cycle.

A. Metaphase
B. Interphase
C. Telophase
D. Anaphase

Answers

B. Interphase
Because interphase is where chromosomes duplicate

Fill out the science problem

Answers

Answer:

ik that u need help but u didn't due like in class because thats supposed to due in class

Explanation:

Which one below will end up being expressed in the protein?
a) Intron
b) Exon
c) Transcription factor
d) Terminator
e) Promoter

Answers

Exons are the DNA fragments that get to be transcripted and translated into proteins. Option b) Exons end up being expressed in the protein.

What are introns and exons?

Even though more than 70% of the DNA is related to genes, just a part of the genes is translated to proteins. Most genes have DNA segments that are not transcripted or translated intercalated with segments that are translated.

Introns are non-encoding sequences that produce interruptions in a eukaryotic gene. Exons are the encoding sequences. Exons are the nucleotidic sequences that do codify proteins.

Most of the eukaryotic, multicellular genes contain introns in their sequences, intercalated with exons.

Introns are transcripted to mRNA molecules and get excised before translation by a specific mechanism. This occurs before the mRNA leaves the nucleus. The introns are excised and the exons must splice to form a unique molecule. This process is known as splicing.

Exonic sequences are the fragments that are transcripted and translated into proteins.

The correct option is b). Exons end up being expressed in the protein

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Producers are found on what level of an energy pyramid

Answers

Answer:

first/ lowest level

Explanation:

What happens when sunlight strikes a chlorophyll molecule?

Electrons in the mitochondria.
Electrons in the chlorophyll molecule become energized and move.
Electrons within the cell membrane become energized and move.
Electrons within the cell's nucleus are transferred to the chlorophyll molecule.

Answers

Answer:

Electrons in the chlorophyll molecule become energized and move

Explanation:

PLEASE MARK ME BRAINLIEST IF MY ANSWER IS CORRECT PLEASE

Hello people ~
Appearance of vegetative propagules from the nodes of plants such as sugarcane and ginger is mainly because
(a) nodes are shorter than intemodes
(b) nodes have meristematic cells
(c) nodes are located near the soil
(d) nodes have non-photosynthetic cells​

Answers

Answer:

(b) nodes have meristematic cells

Explanation:

nodes have meristematic cells for the formation of new cells in seedlings

→ rapid buildup of tissues in many parts of the plant

what nutrient class(category of biological molecules)provides sugar in the diets of heterotrophs?

Answers

Money is the correct answer

Passage 1: Two or more individuals trying to use the same resource, such as food, water, shelter, space, or sunlight, is called competition. Because resources are in limited supply in the environment, the use of them by one individual or population decreases the amount available to other organisms. Competition also occurs between individuals within a population. The elk in Yellowstone National Park are herbivores that compete with each other for the same food plants in the park. According to passage 1, competition occurs between which of the following?

Answers

Answer:

between individuals

Explanation:

Given in paragraph

how do vaccines stop the spread of a virus

Answers

Vaccines do not always prevent the spread of a virus. Vaccines help your body fight off viruses and protect your organs, among other things. Vaccines help protect you and others by killing the virus faster but do not necessarily prevent it from spreading. Staying at home and thoroughly cleaning your home is the only way to prevent a virus from spreading.

Which membrane protein maintains the concentration gradients of ions across a neuronal membrane?.

Answers

Answer:

The sodium-potassium pump moving Na+ ions out and K+ ions in. The sodium-potassium pump moving Na+ ions out and K+ ions in - this channel maintains the ion concentration gradients across a neuronal membrane.

Explanation:

Got the answer from quizlet

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